New World Explorers

Overview

Motives For Exploration

• Curiosity

•Religion

•National Pride

•Money

•Fame

•Foreign Goods

•Faster, Cheaper trade Routes

Ok the last slide is a little on the simple side

so explain what were the motivators for Exploration?

First Guys

• The First Explorers– Eskimos & Aleuts (Native Americans)– Japanese & Chinese Fishermen–West Africans (Olmec Legend)– European Vikings• Thorfinn Karlsefni –mapped part of

North American coast –Tried to settle Newfoundland

The Vikings• Eric the Red (c. 960)

-brought family from Norway to Iceland, then settled in Greenland

• Leif Eriksson (c. 1000)

-landed in present-day Newfoundland

-only remained three years

EXPLORATION & CONQUEST

• The European Explorers / 15 & 16th centuries– Portugal – the African Coast & Route

• Prince Henry the Navigator– 30 voyages along the African Coast

• Bartholomeu Dias – Cape Good Hope 1488

• Vasco De Gama – Calicut, India 1498

• Pedro Cabal – East South America 1500

– The Brazilian Mistake

• Colonies in West Africa, the Persian Gulf, Macao, and Brazil

Christopher Columbus

• Read Marco Polo’s Travels – it sparked his imagination

• Idea: travel West to get East

The World’s Biggest Secret

Christopher Columbus• Read Marco Polo’s

Travels – it sparked his imagination

• Idea: travel West to get East

• Portugal said “NO” but Spain said “YES”

• October 12, 1492 Columbus lands on a small island

in the Bahamas• Columbus dies never

knowing he did not land in India

EXPLORATION & CONQUEST

• Motivational Factors European Exploration in the Americas

2. Establishment of new trade routes and national claims of territories• Existing routes were expensive and

dangerous due to pirates & wars• Monopolized by Italian merchants who

functioned as middlemen in trade between Europe & Asia

Conflict Over The Americas*Line of

Demarcation

-Pope Alexander Vi draws a line 300 miles west of the

Azores Islands

*Treaty of Tordesillas

-Moved the Line of Demarcation 650

miles further west

The Three G’s of Spanish Conquest

Gold

Glory

God

Spanish Conquistadors

•Juan Ponce de Leon –1513 -explored and claimed

Florida

•Francisco Pizarro –1533

-conquered the Inca empire in South America

•Hernando Cortez – 1519

-conquered the Aztec empire in Mexico

Horrible Histories

Horrible Histories Pizzaro

The French: Early

Exploration

•Giovanni Verrazano-1524

-sailed the east coast of North America

•Jacque Cartier-1534-6

-explored the St. Lawrence River and claimed the Grand Bank

•Samuel de Champlian-1603-8

-founded Quebec and established the colony of New

France

The French: Later

Exploration

•Louis Joliet & Jacques Marquette – 1673

-explored up the Mississippi River

•Robert La Salle – 1682

-claimed and named the Louisiana Territory

The English:

Better Late than Never

•John Cabot

-tried to find route to China only found

Newfoundland

•Henry Hudson

-explored Hudson Bay

Who Claimed What?

• Russia-Alaska

• Portugal-Brazil

• France-Most of Canada

-Louisiana Territory

• England-The east coast of N. America from Spanish Florida to French Canada

• Spain-The west coast of the Americas from northern California to Tierra del Fuego