New YorkNew York

►Mouth of Hudson RiverMouth of Hudson River► Central node of Megalopolis Central node of Megalopolis

U.N. headquartersU.N. headquarters

►NYC = nation’s commercial & financial centerNYC = nation’s commercial & financial center► Boroughs?Boroughs?

Staten IslandStaten Island Brooklyn Brooklyn QueensQueens BronxBronx Manhattan Manhattan

Staten IslandStaten Island

►Pop. = 380,000Pop. = 380,000►Settled by DutchSettled by Dutch►Verrazano-Narrows BridgeVerrazano-Narrows Bridge

BrooklynBrooklyn

►Pop. = 2.3 mill.Pop. = 2.3 mill.►Most diverse & populated of boroughsMost diverse & populated of boroughs►Brooklyn Bridge Brooklyn Bridge

QueensQueens

►Pop. = 2 mill.Pop. = 2 mill.►Largest physical size of boroughsLargest physical size of boroughs►Queensboro BridgeQueensboro Bridge

Connects Queens toConnects Queens to

Manhattan (East River)Manhattan (East River)

BronxBronx

►Pop. = 1.2 mill.Pop. = 1.2 mill.►Named after Jonas Bronk (1639)Named after Jonas Bronk (1639)►Yankee StadiumYankee Stadium

ManhattanManhattan

►Pop. = 1.5 millPop. = 1.5 mill►Smallest in area/most urbanizedSmallest in area/most urbanized

71,201/sq. mi. 71,201/sq. mi.

►Per capita GDP = >$100,000Per capita GDP = >$100,000►Largest business district in U.S.Largest business district in U.S.

NYSE NYSE NASDAQ (2NASDAQ (2NDND largest stock exchange after NYSE) largest stock exchange after NYSE)

► ““National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations”National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations”

Home to most corporate h.q. Home to most corporate h.q.

►United Nations h.q. United Nations h.q.

Washington, D.C.Washington, D.C.

►Anchor of Megalopolis Anchor of Megalopolis ►Seat of the U.S. govt.Seat of the U.S. govt.►#1 employer = govt. #1 employer = govt. ►#2 employer = tourism#2 employer = tourism

Historical sites Historical sites

►Urban sprawlUrban sprawl the uncontrolled spread of urban the uncontrolled spread of urban

development into neighboring regions development into neighboring regions

Out w/the old & in w/the Out w/the old & in w/the new?new?

►Northeast = very old infrastructure & Northeast = very old infrastructure & buildingsbuildings

►Adaptive ReuseAdaptive Reuse the process of reusing an old site or building for a the process of reusing an old site or building for a

purpose purpose otherother than which it was built or designed than which it was built or designed forfor►promotes land conservation and reduces urban sprawlpromotes land conservation and reduces urban sprawl

►GentrificationGentrification Refurbishment of old building stock by urban Refurbishment of old building stock by urban

professionals for residential or office space.professionals for residential or office space.

Pratt Street Power Plant Pratt Street Power Plant in Baltimore, Maryland:in Baltimore, Maryland:converted into retail, restaurants, and offices.converted into retail, restaurants, and offices.

Example of Adaptive Reuse

Used to be Used to be P & LE Railroad Station, Pittsburgh, P & LE Railroad Station, Pittsburgh, PAPA

Now, it’s Now, it’s Station Station Square—an indoor and outdoor shopping, Square—an indoor and outdoor shopping, dining and entertainment complex located in the South Shore dining and entertainment complex located in the South Shore

neighborhood of Pittsburghneighborhood of Pittsburgh► 275,000 square feet of 275,000 square feet of

retail space retail space 65 stores, restaurants 65 stores, restaurants

and entertainment and entertainment venuesvenues

The Amphitheatre at The Amphitheatre at Station Square and the Station Square and the 396-room Sheraton 396-room Sheraton

► As one of Pittsburgh’s As one of Pittsburgh’s largest tourist largest tourist destinations, it attracts destinations, it attracts more than three million more than three million people annuallypeople annually

Example of Adaptive Reuse

Baltimore’s Inner Harbor Baltimore’s Inner Harbor revitalized into HarborPlacerevitalized into HarborPlace

--Was a center of warehouses and docks--Was a center of warehouses and docks

--Now a center of retail, restaurants, --Now a center of retail, restaurants, businesses, sports & entertainmentbusinesses, sports & entertainment

BEFORE: AFTER:

Mills to residential conversionMills to residential conversion

►Ex: Ex: Massachusetts Massachusetts Mills Mills in Lowell, MA in Lowell, MA was converted into was converted into a 445-unit a 445-unit apartment apartment complex beginning complex beginning in 1990in 1990

►Libertyville’s “mini-mansions” are Libertyville’s “mini-mansions” are examples of examples of gentrificationgentrification People buy older real-estate, tear it down People buy older real-estate, tear it down

& build newer and bigger houses& build newer and bigger houses

Downside to Urban Downside to Urban GentrificationGentrification

►GentrificationGentrification when wealthier people ("gentry") acquire or rent when wealthier people ("gentry") acquire or rent

property in low income and working class communities property in low income and working class communities Urban gentrification is associated with movement Urban gentrification is associated with movement With gentrification, the With gentrification, the avg. income increases and avg. avg. income increases and avg.

family size decreases family size decreases in the community. in the community. ► Results in higher rent, house prices, & property taxes = poorer Results in higher rent, house prices, & property taxes = poorer

native residents of the neighborhood arenative residents of the neighborhood are displaceddisplaced

old industrial buildings are converted to residences and old industrial buildings are converted to residences and shops (Adaptive Reuse) shops (Adaptive Reuse)

new businesses, catering to a more wealthy base of new businesses, catering to a more wealthy base of consumers, move in, further increasing the appeal to more consumers, move in, further increasing the appeal to more wealthy migrants and decreasing the accessibility to the poorwealthy migrants and decreasing the accessibility to the poor