SUZANNE DUNCANTE RARAWA, TE AUPOURI

LECTURER OTAGO UNIVERSITY

Ngā tikanga o te marae

Objectives

Understand the marae structure and related symbolism

Prepare you for what you can expect when arriving on the marae

Understanding the role of tapu, noa and mana on the marae.

Marae complex

Whare tipunaWhare kaiWhare mate

Whare pakuMarae ateaUrupā

Marae

Every Māori person can whakapapa back to one or more marae

Marae are built on kinship land, usually that of the hapū (subtribe)

Provides tūrangawaewae Bastion of Māori culture

Place were Māori traditional practices are maintained Māori language is paramount A physical connection of whakapapa

Marae

While not as tapu as an urupā, the marae complex maintains a higher degree of tapu than the surrounding land

The longer a marae is in place, the stronger the tapu

However, the marae complex is split into tapu and noa areas

Whare tipuna/Whare nui

koruru

tekoteko

raparapa

maihi

amo

Whare tipuna/Whare nui

pou tuarongo

tāhuhu

pou tokomanawa

heke

poupou

pou tāhū

Levels of whakapapa

• The physical manifestation of an ancestor• The poupou• The photos hanging on the walls

Tapu/Noa

Left side = Tapu Death Visitors Men

Right side = Noa Life Locals Women

Powhiri process

Involves two groups Tangata whenua (people of the land) and manuhiri

(visitors)

Waewae tapuDetermines the intentions of the group, also

welcomes the groupThe process is tapu – two groups of tapu

coming togetherThere are different kawa (protocol)

The process

WaereaWhakaekeWeroKarangaTangiWhaikoreroHongi/HariruHākari

Waerea

Performed by the manuhiri as the wait for the powhiri to begin

Traditionally used to ward off any bad spirits

To protect the groupNot often used in

contemporarily

Whakaeke

Slow movement of the manuhiri on to the marae atea

A haka powhiri can be performed at this time.

Wero

• Performed by a young warrior from the tangata whenua

• Determines the intentions of the visiting party

• A taki (dart) is laid on the group

• If picked up – shows the group comes in peace

• Now reserved for very important guests

Karanga & Tangi

Performed by women from both sides

Gathers information about the groups, acknowledges the dead and welcomes the group

Whaikorero

• Performed by men from both sides

• Most iwi women are not permitted to speak

• Kawa– Tauutuutu– Paeke

• A song of support is sung following each whaikorero

Hongi & Hariru

Hākari

The final and most important part of the process

Lifts the tapu of the process

Food as an agent of noa

Kāi Tahu kawa

Paeke - whaikorero kawaKaikaranga – the first to hongi and hariruKaritane

Remove your shoes

Otākou and Moeraki Don’t remove your shoes Unless the beds are laid out

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