ngn to mitigate climate change
DESCRIPTION
Brief look at staus of Climate Change and impacts from/into ICTs. Identify the roles of NGN to mitigate climate change and prposed new model of ntwork architecture.TRANSCRIPT
정보통신 /환경융합 워크숍 2008정보통신 /환경융합 워크숍 2008
저탄소 차세대네트워크기술 표준화
이 재섭Chairman of ITU-T SG 13
정보통신 /환경융합 워크숍 2008정보통신 /환경융합 워크숍 2008
Content
1. Impacts of Network into CC
2. Functional view of Network
3. Energy view of Network
4. Key Issues for Greening Network
5. Conclusion
정보통신 /환경융합 워크숍 2008정보통신 /환경융합 워크숍 2008
Impacts of ICTs into CC
Overall Impacts of ICTs into Climate Change: 2~2.5 % Details within ICTs
* Ref: ITU-T FG on ICT&CC Deliverable 3 “Methodology”
1. Impacts of Network into CC
정보통신 /환경융합 워크숍 2008정보통신 /환경융합 워크숍 2008
Energy consumption trends of Network (ref. Internet)
Internet traffic is increasing exponentially New network services: Tele-working, High Definition Video etc Network power consumption will increase by 13 times (from
2006→2025), although ICT average will increase by 5 times
Energy saving in Network should be a important issue
* Ref: FGFN-C25 “Energy Saving Network Technologies”, Fujitsu Ltd, 11. 2009
1. Impacts of Network into CC
정보통신 /환경융합 워크숍 2008정보통신 /환경융합 워크숍 2008
Details of Energy consumption trends of Network
Network equipments: Router+Switch+Transmission+Control+Management+ Accounting+others
Network Portion of Energy consumption: 17% (2006) 43% (2025)
* Ref: ITU-T FG on ICT&CC Deliverable 3 “Methodology”
(Billions kWh, 2005 – 2025)
1. Impacts of Network into CC
정보통신 /환경융합 워크숍 2008정보통신 /환경융합 워크숍 2008
BT networks before NGN
IP
ATM
PSTN
DSLKStream
PSTN Leased lines
PDH
Fibre
Copper
SDHacces
sPDH
access
EndUser
~5.5ksites
~2ksites
~300sites
~100sites
~15sites
MSH -SDH
~1ksites
SDHVC-12
PDH access
SDH VC-4
1. Impacts of Network into CC
정보통신 /환경융합 워크숍 2008정보통신 /환경융합 워크숍 2008
BT Networks after the NGN
IP-MPLS-WDM
DSL
Fibre &Copper
Copper
Agg Box
EndUser
~5.5ksites
~100sites
Class 5 Call Server
Content
WWW
ISP
Multi-service access Converged core
Wireless
5. Case Study – 21CN1. Impacts of Network into CC
정보통신 /환경융합 워크숍 2008정보통신 /환경융합 워크숍 2008
Impacts of NGN to reduce GHG in Telecom operations
~5.5ksites
~100sites
~5.5ksites
~2ksites
~300sites
~100sites
~15sites
~1ksites
30 ~ 40%Reduction of GHG
Number of nodesbefore NGN
Number of nodesafter NGN
Number of nodes in Access Networks # of nodes inCore Networks
1. Impacts of Network into CC
정보통신 /환경융합 워크숍 2008정보통신 /환경융합 워크숍 2008
Traditional functional configuration of Network
2. Functional view of Network
Vertical view : Function oriented configurations Mainly based on OSI 7 Layer Reference Model Each function places in each layer: L1 ~ L7 Easy to look at operation from bottom to top (or vice versa) Difficult to identify Systems and Geographical distributions view
L3
L2
L1
L7
L6
L5
L4
L3
L2
L1
L3
L2
L1
L7
L6
L5
L4
L3
L2
L1
Not easy to evaluate overall/details on energy consumption view
정보통신 /환경융합 워크숍 2008정보통신 /환경융합 워크숍 2008
Traditional functional configuration of Network
2. Functional view of Network
Horizontal view: Geographic based distribution Mainly based on specific roles (e.g. end user, access and core etc) Configuring end-end connections Easy to look at communication/service flows Difficult to identify each functions
easy to evaluate energy consumption based on each role
CoreNetwork
CoreNetwork
Access Net
Access Net
Acess Net
Access Net
Access Net
Acess Net
TE
TE
TE
TE
TE
TE
~ km ~ 10s km ~ 10s km ~ km
Service connectivityTraffic aggregation Traffic routing
Service connectivityTraffic aggregationTraffic routing
정보통신 /환경융합 워크숍 2008정보통신 /환경융합 워크숍 2008
Key Features of Horizontal Network configuration
* Ref: FGFN-C25 “Energy Saving Network Technologies”, Fujitsu Ltd, 11. 2009
2. Functional view of Network
정보통신 /환경융합 워크숍 2008정보통신 /환경융합 워크숍 2008
Overall components of Network
3. Energy view of Network
Today, not easy to identify clear boundary for “a Network”: depend on business models (including services) Generalize Functional component parts:
Application/Service support: Service platforms Service Control: Service Subscription, Request and delivery control Transport Control: Connectivity and Capability control Transport: Connection and Traffic delivery Physical part: Physical connection (wires, duct etc)
Generalize Horizontal component parts: Home Network: Terminals, Home Gateway (Modem), wires etc Access Network: Edge Node, Access transmission (DSL, FLC),
DSLAM/MDF, Wires (including Radio), Duct and Local Office, etc. Core Network: Platforms, Routers, SDH/OF (Optical Fiber), Duct and Transit Office, etc.
Not easy to evaluate energy consumption aspects
정보통신 /환경융합 워크숍 2008정보통신 /환경융합 워크숍 2008
New Eyesight of Network Functins
3. Energy view of Network
May need a new eyesight to look at functions of network for well reflecting of “Energy Providing and Consumption aspects” May separate following views:
Operating and Maintaining Physical Components: Electricity, Processors Storages, Bus, Displays and others Operating and Maintaining “Actions caused by Physical operation”: Routing, Switching, Control, Displaying, Provision Service and others Results from those operation and maintain: Applications and Services
L7
L6
L5
L4
L3
L2
L1 Electric Power
Power
Distribution
BUS
P
P
P
P
F
F
F
F
NetworkSystems
Electric Power
Power
Distribution
BUS
P
P
P
P
F
F
F
F
Service
Control
Routing
OAM
정보통신 /환경융합 워크숍 2008정보통신 /환경융합 워크숍 2008
New Functional Configuration of Network Systems
3. Energy view of Network
Proposed a new functional configuration model of network systems for well reflecting of “Energy Consumption aspects”
Baseware: The logical entities which allow application and middleware functions to run, communicate with other functions by interfacing with network functions, and interface to users Middleware: The logical entities of middleware (Operating and Maintaining “Actions caused by operation of Baseware”: Routing, Switching, Control, Displaying, Provision Service and others)) Application/Service: The logical entities of Applications (Results from those operation and maintain by Baseware and middleware)
Application/Service
Middleware
Baseware
정보통신 /환경융합 워크숍 2008정보통신 /환경융합 워크숍 2008
Application/Service
Middleware
Baseware
New Functional Configuration of Networks
3. Energy view of Network
Use of new functional model of network systems Network will be configured combination of those functions with following Interfaces:
BIF (Baseware Interface): Between Basewares MIF (Middleware Interface): Between Middlewares AIF (Application Interface): Bewteen Applications/Services
Application/Service
Middleware
Baseware
Application/Service
Middleware
BasewareBasewar
eBasewar
e
Middleware
Baseware
AIF
MIF MIF
BIF BIF BIF
BIF
End User TE
End User TE
Service Server
정보통신 /환경융합 워크숍 2008정보통신 /환경융합 워크숍 2008
Key issues on Energy Saving aspects
Number of Operating Offices: Central Offices, Transit Offices, IDC Centers
Network Planning and Provisioning: Current Internet mainly rely on“Over Provision” Change to “Optimize Provision”
Capacity of “Transmission”, “Switching” and “Routing” Impacts to number of operating offices
Reachability to User: Distance: Legacy copper based (less than 4km) Optics
(~10s km) Number of connecting Terminals: Aggregation capacity
(Broadband and Hugeband ~ bigger than 10Gb/s) Efficiency of Network:
More effective Routing and Switching: Echo Routing and Switching
Guaranty of service delivery: avoid continuous trial for services
Secure services and applications: enhance use of ICT services (Tele-conference and Tele-banking etc.)
Effective system operation including end user terminal devices: adopt more actively “Standby Mode”
Other issues
4. Key Issues for Greening Network
정보통신 /환경융합 워크숍 2008정보통신 /환경융합 워크숍 2008
Examples of energy saving points in Network Operation
Energy saving by GPON
Ene
rgy
MW
h/Y
C
ost M
€/Y
(10
0k s
ubs)
*) Costs for air conditioning are not considered
GPON Energy and Cost efficiency
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
ADSL2+ PON FTTH
Energy Consumption (MWh/y) Cost (k€/Y)
80 % Energy & Cost savings
By replacing ADSL2+
With PON *)
* Ref: ITU-T FG on ICT&CC Deliverable 4 “Direct and Indirect Impact of ITU-T Standards”
4. Key Issues for Greening Network
* Ref: FGFN-C25 “Energy Saving Network Technologies”, Fujitsu Ltd, 11. 2009
Energy saving points of RouterEnergy consumption of one
router:7.1 kW x 24 hours x 365 days = 62,600kWh
정보통신 /환경융합 워크숍 2008정보통신 /환경융합 워크숍 2008
Example of Trials: ECO Networking Technology
* Ref: FGFN-C25 “Energy Saving Network Technologies”, Fujitsu Ltd, 11. 2009
ECO Routing Aggregate traffic into energy-
saving path Implement sleep mode for
routers where possible
ECO Switching Forward packets on timeslot
basis with time scheduling Buffer-less forwarding without
packet loss No routing table necessary
* ECO: Energy Cost saving Overlay
4. Key Issues for Greening Network
정보통신 /환경융합 워크숍 2008정보통신 /환경융합 워크숍 2008
Features of Energy consumption of Network
* Ref: FGFN-C25 “Energy Saving Network Technologies”, Fujitsu Ltd, 11. 2009
Network capacity or device arrangement is designed based on on-peak traffic
Power consumption of routers is almost independent of the volume of traffic, and almost constant
Energy is saved by putting routers to sleep when traffic does not flow
Accordingly, energy is saved by using the minimum number of routers and putting other routers to sleep
4. Key Issues for Greening Network
정보통신 /환경융합 워크숍 2008정보통신 /환경융합 워크숍 2008
5. Conclusion
ICTs had mainly involved in limited industries such as Telecom,computing etc.
But ICTs are now becoming essential parts of life
Furthermore ICTs is being important parts of social, national andinternational infrastructures
Expansion roles of ICTs
ICTs are rather environment friend than other industrial technologiesbut also have contribution to environment change
ICTs are being widely used whole processes of protecting environment
Several ICTs technologies are used at the field of environment
Roles of ICTs in Protecting Environments
NGN is a common infrastructure for enabling ICTs and other industriesusing ICTs
NGN provides benefits to mitigate GHG by itself including supportvarious capabilities for protection of environments
Position of NGN in Protecting Environments
정보통신 /환경융합 워크숍 2008정보통신 /환경융합 워크숍 2008
Objects for Protecting Environments
1. Protecting Environments
• Green House Gas emission• Pollutions of natural environment: Air,
Water etc.• Natural disaster: earth quake, fire,
thnami etc• Other natural disaster
ProtectNatural
Environment
•Historical monuments•Artistic items: Paints, Sculptures etc.•Musical items: Musical instruments etc.•Literary items: Books, Records etc.•Infrastructural items: Building of
Museum, Theater for Performance etc.
•Other cultural environments
ProtectCultural
Environment
Impacts
정보통신 /환경융합 워크숍 2008정보통신 /환경융합 워크숍 2008
Service
Cap. 3
Service
Cap. 2
Role of ICT for Protecting Environments
1. Protecting Environments
• Processes for protecting environments
Monitoring
Warning
ProtectMaintai
nImprov
e
Network Infrastructures(including Baseware: H/W Systems, Devices etc.)
PlatformA
PlatformB
PlatformC
Service
Cap. 1
Service
Cap. 3
Service
Cap. 2
Service
Cap. 1
Service
Cap. 3
Service
Cap. 2
Service
Cap. 1
ICTs
정보통신 /환경융합 워크숍 2008정보통신 /환경융합 워크숍 2008
Thank you foryour attention !!!