NAF

eNoteNotFROM THE

EDITORhe history of public relations could be civilian enterprises derive from planned a. Informing the public on the state of traced back to the United States during community relations programs are equally preparedness of the DoD and to show the tremendous growth of industries desirable for a military organization like the United States partnership with its T

from the end of the American Civil War to the NAF. The Armed Forces also need to enjoy allies. early 20th century. The sudden growth of a favourable position in the local b. Developing public understanding of these industries took place with little regard community, strive for good employee and cooperation with the DoD in its for public welfare. When a group of relations and seek cooperation and high community relations programs. reformers and activists known as esteem from the local population. The NAF c. Promoting national security and muckrakers waged a campaign to expose should be concerned with community stimulating patriotic spirit. the excesses of these big businesses, some relations because the business of the NAF is d. Helping recruiting and personnel industrialists realized the need to improve the people 's business. Mi l i tary procurement programs of the armed their public image. From then, the organizations, such as the NAF, have a forces. profession of public relations slowly evolved responsibility to report to the public on the as a major force in business, politics, conduct of all military activities as long as it While this editorial is not canvassing for the entertainment, and society in general. The does not affect national security. In a creation of a separate directorate for Nigeria Air Force (NAF) Public Relations democratic setting like ours, the individual community relations, it sees the Information Manual thus described public citizen has a right to know how efficiently, intensification of community relations relations as the systematic approach to and to what purpose their armed forces are efforts by all NAF units as a means to further event management through careful using their sons and daughters and their tax improving on our relationship with our planning and execution of projects that are money plus what the returns on their civilian counterparts. It also sees these intended to bring about positive image to an investment are in personal and national efforts as a means of boosting the organisation. As a subset of public relations, security. It must also be realised that the confidence of civilians in the NAF. Recently, community relations have evolved to effectiveness of military operations depends kidnapping and sabotage of government become a very important function of any upon public understanding, support and facilities have become the vices of the day, organisation. It is defined as a planned cooperation. Like business organizations, thus the NAF needs the confidence of its series of events and activities having the military establishments have a moral debt neighbouring communities to enable her objective of fostering understanding and to take their place in the community as easy access to reliable information. Such acceptance (of the military mission) and “corporate citizens,” be good neighbours efforts could be realised by the deployment involving the participation of the unit (or and to show an awareness of community of our medical personnel to render free installation), the public and the commander. problems and a willingness to help out. medical services or employing personnel to Since no organisation lives in a vacuum, the Indeed, the United States Military have carry out sanitation exercise in chosen citizens that populate its geographical realised the importance of community communities. Also paying visits to the sick operating area are essential to its operation. relations and has since created a and less priviledged as is been done by A successful organization like the Nigerian Directorate of Community Relations within members of the Nigerian Air Force Officers Air Force must therefore continuously the office of the Assistant Secretary of Wives Association periodically is another establish understanding and support for its Defence for Public Affairs with responsibility form of community relations. Recently, activities, services and positions among for the overall planning, implementation and Headquarters Tactical Air Command those publics important to its welfare. This coordination of community relations extended its water supply to neighbouring can be achieved only by applying good within the Department of Defence communities around its headquarters. That public relations principles over time. It must (DoD).This Directorate was created is a typical example of community relations be understood that many of the benefits essentially for the following purposes: project that should be encouraged.

Embarking on Community Relations Efforts

AIR TRAINER PAGE 1

DESK

AIR TRAINER PAGE 2

Since its establishment in make giant strides in the effort to lift Oluseyi Petinrin CFR, for his 1978, Training Command the Command to greater heights. It is i m m e n s e s u p p o r t . To t h e (TC) has continued to play an heart- warming to note that the call Government and people of Kano

active role in the attainment of the has been heeded. As a result, we state, I say thank you for your warm goals and objectives of the Nigerian have been able to record some hosp i t a l i t y and ass i s t ance Air Force (NAF) by providing skilled achievements in both initial and throughout the period of the m a n p o w e r t h r o u g h t h e advance training of pilots and air conference. Let me also express my implementation of the local training traffic controllers. In the area of deep appreciation to the Air Officers policies of the NAF. The Command ground training, the Command has and other senior officers both serving h a s a l s o d e m o n s t r a t e d continued to provide training for and retired who participated in the professionalism in its efforts to support services personnel. We have conference.develop on-the-job training of skilled also continued to liaise with sister

I must state here that all the manpower to meet the increasing Services and other agencies for the

achievements so far recorded by the demands of a modern Air Force. It is training of our personnel in

Command could not have been in the light of this that the “Air specialised fields. Similarly, in

possible without the active support Trainer” magazine is produced by the cadets training, the Command

of our amiable and indefatigable CAS, Command to serve as a medium for conducts orientation courses for

Air Marshal Oluseyi Petinrin. I disseminating information on its final year NAF cadets from the

therefore urge personnel under activities and also provides an Nigerian Defence Academy. The

Command to continue to contribute avenue for our personnel, families Command also held its biennial

their quota towards the realization of and friends to document and cross- 2009 Training Conference at 303

the CAS vision which is “To rebuild fertilize ideas. I am indeed delighted Flying Training School, Kano as one

the operational capability of the that this is the second edition of the of the ways of improving training and

Nigerian Air Force for effective and magazine that is produced during my career progression of our personnel.

efficient employment as a vital tenure. I wish to thank all those that I am indeed satisfied with the

instrument of national power in a have made this possible. conduct and outcome of the

rapidly changing world”.conference. On behalf of the officers,

On my assumption of office as the Air airmen, airwomen and civilian staff Lastly, I commend members of the

Officer Commanding (AOC) on 24 of TC, may I use this medium to Editorial Board for the laudable work

October 2008, I made a clarion call express our gratitude to the Chief of and untiring effort to produce the

to all personnel under Command the Air Staff (CAS), Air Marshal magazine. Thank you and God bless.

that together we should strive to

FROM THE AOC’S

Air Vice Marshal MD Umar Air Officer Commanding

Training Command

AIR TRAINER PAGE 3

The Trainer Magazine is a publication of the Training Command of The Nigerian Air Force. Views expressed in this magazine are those of the authors and not necessarily of the Nigerian Air Force or the Training Command.

AIR TRAINER

All correspondences should be forwarded to:Headquarters Training Command, Nigerian Air Force, No. 37/39 Sokoto Road, P. M. B. 2247, Kaduna.E-mail: hqtc@nigerianairforce.net

Enugu: Information Office, 305 Flying Training School, Nigerian Air Force, Enugu.

Kano: Information Office, 303 Flying Training School, Nigerian Air Force, Kano.

Jos: Information Office, 330 Nigerian Air Force, Station Jos.

CONTENTS

Editor in Chief/EditorWg Cdr EK Gabkwet FSS psc AMNIM

Sub- EditorFg Offr A Aliyu

Graphic ArtistChoice Digital Prints

Reporters

Sgt FanzhiSgt Nwabuzor FB

Production CrewFs Ezekiel RM

Mr Okocha EmekaMr Lucky Egejuru

PhotographersWO Agada A

Fs Suleiman MD

Layout + Graphics: Olayombo Aikpit 08037881873

Printed by:Planet Press Limited

443 Badagry Expressway, Alakija Bus Stop rd(Opp. Festac 3 Gate), Lagos. Tel: 0802 315 7658

PublisherAVM MD Umar DSS psc fwc Msc

EDITORIAL TEAM

Fs Fadare OCorper Aisha Tanko Abdullahi

NEWS

Pg 49 - 51 Evolving a Virile System of Manpower Development to Meet the

Challenges of the Present Economic Meltdown.

Pg 53 - Community Health Project

Pg 54 - NAF to Provide Condusive Environment for Learning.

Pg 55 - AFCSC to Award Masters Degree.

Pg 56 - Shekarau Wants Armed Forces Repositioned.

Pg 57 - Training Conference 2009: A Post-mortem.

Pg 59 - 2009 Annual AOC Golf Tournament

Pg 60 - 2009 Training Conference in Pictures

Pg 62 - Pictures AOC TC Familiarisation Tour

Pg 65 - AOC Tour of Units Under Command

Pg 4 - Ghana Advocate Stronger Military Relationship with Nigeria

Pg 5 - Cater for Military Pensioners Gov Shekarau.

Pg 6 - Kaduna State Government Seeks NAF Assistance.

Pg 7 - Food that Lowers Blood Presure

Pg 8 - Pictures of CAS Visit to HQ TC and Other Co located Units.

Pg 10 - A TRIBUTE LADI MANKAMI WUYEP: THE EXIT OF A JEWEL

Pg 11 - Maj Gen Mahmud Yerima Calls for Synergy Between NDA and

Training Command.

Pg 12 - Fulani Community Visit HQ TC.

Pg 13 - Air Officer Operatons, Flies the Air Beetle.

Pg 13 - AOC TC Becomes Life Patron of RANAO.

Pg 14 - Senate Committee on NAF Visit to Training Command.

Pg 16 - Human Errors Responsible for 351 Domestic Fire incidents

Commandant, Kano Fire Service Training School.

Pg 18 - Pictures of visit of the Czech Republic Committee on Defence to

303 FTS, Kano.

Pg 19 - The Nigerian Air Force Personnel in Jos Keep fit.

Pg 19 - NAF to Join Battle Against Drug Abuse.

Pg 20 - 325 GTG activities in Pictures.

Pg 20 - 330 NAF Station Jos Activities in Pictures.

Pg 22 - Optimizing Training to meet NAF Operational Requirments

Pg 32 - NAFOWA Activities Commended.

Pg 33 - Pictures of NAFOWA Activities.

Pg 34 - AVM Muazu Emphasis on Evaluation.

Pg 35 - AVM SBE Gberevbie Commends Training Command.

Pg 36 - CAS Committed To Personnel Welfare.

Pg 37 - Education is The Bedrock Of Nation Building.

Pg 38 - Education Adds Value University Don.

Pg 39 - NAF Committed to Professionalism.

Pg 40 - CAS Reiterates the Relevance of Training

Pg 41 - Peace, Security Avenue to Development.

Pg 42 - 48 Command and Leadership in the Military- My Perspective.

The Commandant Ghana Armed Forces

Command and Staff College, Major

General Kwesi Yankson has advocated for

stronger military relationship between his

Country and Nigeria.

General Yankson made the statement

when he paid a courtesy call on the Air

Officer Commanding Training Command,

Air Vice Marshal Mohammed Dikko Umar.

He also stated that a stronger bilateral

military co-operation between Nigeria and

Ghana would promote peace and security

in the West African sub-region, adding that

it would further enhance peace support

mission among other West African

countries.

General Yankson further disclosed that

arrangements were in advance stage for

the committee of Commandants of Armed

Forces Command and Staff Colleges in

Africa to organize a joint military exercise

which would bring personnel of Armed

Forces in Africa to share their wealth of

experience and charged Nigeria to

contribute towards the success of the

exercise.

Responding, Air Vice Marshal Mohammed

Dikko Umar said that Nigeria and Ghana

were the frontiers of peace and stability in

the West African sub-region.

AVM Umar a lso d isc losed that

arrangements had been concluded for the

Nigerian Air Force to establish an

international Helicopter Training School

which he hoped other African Countries

would avail themselves the opportunities

of training their pilots.

Major General Yankson also took time to

visit the 301 Flying Training School and the

Air Force Institute of Technology (AFIT)

both situated at the NAF Base, Kaduna.

AIR TRAINER PAGE 4

GHANA ADVOCATE STRONGER MILITARY RELATIONSHIP WITH

NIGERIABy Sgt Fanzhi Tc

Air Cdre Akinola Ogunnaike welcoming Major GeneralKwesi Yankson to Hq TC.

Major General Yankson Intimating the AOC, AVM Umar on the Mission of his visit.

Major General Yankson signing the visitors book Major General Yankson taking salute on arrival

The AOC AVM Umar in a handshake with his visitor Major General Yankson inspecting quarterguard at Hq TC

Major General Yankson in a group photograph withhis host and other principal officers

AVM Umar presenting a gift to Major General Yankson

overnor of Kano State, Mallam Ibrahim Shekarau Ghas called on the Federal

G o v e r n m e n t t o s e t t l e a l l entitlements due to military pensioners.

He said, “it will be sad for someone who had served his fatherland and had nothing to rely on after several years of meritorious service defending the territorial integrity of his country.”

Mallam Ibrahim Shekarau made the call when he received the Air Officer Commanding, Training Command, Air Vice Marshal Mohammed Dikko Umar. He said, “it will be quite frustrating for one to serve his fatherland all his life and have nothing to fall back on in old age. He charged the Federal Government to endeavour to carter for the welfare of military and other security personnel who lay down their lives for the peaceful co-existence of the Nation.

The Governor lamented on the plight of retired military personnel, stressing that a lot of them had died on queue waiting for their benefits and gratuities without any positive result.

Mallam Shekarau advocated for general welfare for serving personnel to boast their morale, pointing out that without good welfare package they would not be committed and dedicated to their duties.

''When the future of the personnel look hopeless the fear of retirement would always grip their mind as the year of retirement approaches'' Mallam Shekarau observed.

The Governor frowned at a situation when a personnel who lay down his or her life for his country with nothing to show for it, stressing that it is ungodly and unacceptable.

Governor Shekarau called on the Federal Government to introduce life insurance scheme for families of serving personnel, so as to provide succour for the family, adding that without such insurance there would be no commitment in the service by security personnel.

He prayed for the repose of the souls of deceased personnel who died in the course of defending their fatherland, and urged others to emulate them.

The Governor was full of praises for

– Gov Shekarau By Sgt Fanzhi TC

an illustrious son of the State to have attained such a high position in his chosen career, making the State proud and prayed for the Air Officer Commanding [AOC] for Godly wisdom in discharging his military duties.

Governor Shekarau charged AVM Umar to be a worthy ambassador of the State and the Nation in general and be fair and transparent in the course of his duties, stressing that the integrity he has earned over the years should be consolidated and appreciated by all.

Speaking on security, Governor Shekarau noted that it was the priority of the Nation and charged the Air Force to always support the effort of the State in protecting the lives and properties of its citizens.

He noted that Kano State would, within her limited resource, work out modalities to better the lifes of people and make the environment c onduc i v e f o r s u s t a i n ab l e development.

''We on our part would always support your flying activities to ensure success in your Training'' he further asserted.

Commenting on Training, Mallam Shekarau said the importance of t ra ining could not be over emphasized without which the Armed Forces and especially the Air Force cannot perform their constitutional roles.

In his remarks, Air Vice Marshal Mohammed Dikko Umar assured the Governor of NAF support in maintaining peace and tranquility in the State and the Nation at large, stressing that without peace, no meaningful development would be achieved.

The AOC commended the effort of t he S ta te Gove rnmen t f o r completing the bridge linking 303 Flying Training School and part of the metropolis, stressing that by such, it indicates commitment of the Governor to the welfare of the people and that of personnel of the Nigerian Air Force in the State.

He told the Governor he was in Kano State to appreciate the long standing relationship between the State government and the Air Force.

The AOC was accompanied by some of his Principal Staff Officers.

AVM MD Umar (2nd left) in a group photograph with hisentourage and some Kano State Government officials.

Picture showing Governor Shekarau and members ofthe AOC’s entourage in the Governor’s Office.

Governor Shekarau receiving a gift from the visitingAir Officer Commanding.

AIR TRAINER PAGE 5

Kaduna State Govt Seeks

NAF Assistanceh e K a d u n a S t a t e Government is soliciting for the assistance of the T

Nigerian Air Force, Training Command to successfully host the National Sports Festival (KADA 09) and the under 17 World Football Championship.

Kaduna State Deputy Governor, Mr Ibrahim Yakowa made this plea recently while on a visit to the 345 Aero Medical Hospital Kaduna as part of programmes marking the year 2010 Armed Forces Remembrance day.

Highly impressed by the State of the art equipment he saw at the hospital, the Deputy Governor made a passionate plea to the Air Officer Commanding Training Command to allow the State Government use the hospital and the recruits hostel for both the Sports Festival and the U-17 World Cup.

The Deputy Governor undertook a guided tour of the hospital and wished the sick quick recovery. The Deputy Governor later donated assorted items to the hospital.

by Fs Fadare O

The Air Officer Commanding Training Command, AVM Mohammed Umar presenting a gift to the Deputy Governor of Kaduna State, Mr Patrick Ibrahim Yakowa, when the later visited 345 Aero Medical Hospital,Kaduna.

Deputy Governor of Kaduna State interacting with a patient at the Medical Center.

Deputy Governor Ibrahim Yakowa signing the visitors book.

AIR TRAINER PAGE 6

hief of Air Staff, Air Marshal Oluseyi Olusegun Petinrin has, conscious, considering the security situation in some parts of the thsince assumption as the 16 Chief of Air Staff, been Country and they should report any suspicious character within their

environment.Ccommitted to personnel welfare as a way of boasting their moral and alleviating their living standards, Air Officer Commanding

Commenting on discipline, the AOC expressed satisfactory with the Training Command, Air Vice Marshal Mohammed Dikko Umar had

standard and charged the personnel to keep the flag flying.said.

Also speaking on the relationship of personnel and their civilian AVM Umar gave the declaration recently at the 305 Flying Training

counterparts, the AOC admonished the personnel to be diplomatic School Enugu, during his walking visit to the unit.

in handling issues with civilians, stressing that with the level of He said a lot had been done in the areas of welfare by the Chief by development in technology, misconducts could be captured paying school fees for children of personnel and called on all through communication gadgets and this could tarnish the image of personnel to give the Chief the necessary support in his effort to the Service.take the Air Force to greater heights.

Commenting on regimentation, AVM Umar charged personnel to be The AOC stressed that the gesture was a milestone in the history of cautions in handling firearms in the course of discharging their the Air Force and urged personnel to be discipline and be duties and tasked Commanders to organize range classification committed to their duties, adding that since assuming duty, the exercises to keep personnel abreast with the use of firearms. Chief had through the Nigerian Air Force Foundation (NAFF), also Personnel were advised to desist from drunkenness while on duty.provided affordable accommodation to both serving and retired

The walking visit also took the AOC to Agbani village, where he personnel which was commendable.

inspected the Air Force Comprehensive School.The AOC used the opportunity to re-assure the personnel that plans

The AOC also inspected the unit hangar and some on- going were in advanced stage to restore the Service to its lost glory,

projects being carried out by the unit. He called on all and sundry to pointing out that platforms were been expected and some would be

support the Chief of Air Staff in his effort to move the Air Force stationed at 305 FTS to enhance the unit’s operational capability.

forward. Speaking further, AVM Umar charged the personnel to be security

By SGT Fanzhi TC

CAS COMMITED TO PERSONNEL WELFARE

CAS COMMITED TO PERSONNEL WELFARE

AVM Umar

AIR TRAINER PAGE 7

PICTURES OF CAS VISIT TO TC AND CO-LOCATED UNITS IN KADUNA

Air Officer Commanding Training Command, AVM MD Umar welcoming Chief of the Air Staff, Air Marshal OO Petinrin to the Command headquarters.

CAS inspecting quarter guard at HQ TC on arrival.

AVM MD Umar introducing his PSO's to the CAS at the Command Headquarters.

CAS unveiling the newly commissioned Computer Centre for children of NAF personnel at 335 Base Services Group during his visit to the unit.

Commanders 335 BSG Air Commodore Labaran Halliru conducts the CAS and other senior officers round the shooting range.

Group Captain Bukar stressing a point to the CAS during his familiarization tour of units in Kaduna.

AIR TRAINER PAGE 8

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“No meaningful achievements can be recorded by any ourselves”.chief executive of a corporate organisation without the

AVM Gberevbie called on all Chief Executives to ensure co-operation of other organizations, outgoing

they sensitize their subordinates on the importance of Commandant of the Armed Forces Command Staff

co-operation and urged the Command to extend to his College (AFCSC) Jaji Kaduna, Air Vice Marshal Sunday

successor the same co-operation accorded to him.Bernard Gberevbie has said.

“Despite my retirement from the service I am still part of AVM Gberevbie was speaking when he paid a farewell

the Air Force family” AVM Gberevbie said. Speaking visit on the Air Officer Commanding (AOC) Training

further, AVM Gberevbie stressed that his career in the Air Command, Air vice Marshal Mohammed Dikko Umar.

Force has been fulfilled, having risen from the ranks to AVM Gberevbie who was proceeding on his terminal Air Vice Marshal. leave after 35 years of meritorious service in the

AVM Gberevbie added that retirement was routine and it Nigerian Air Force said, ”it is very obvious that we must

was his turn to pull out from the Service and wishing co-operate with our colleagues to excel in our chosen

every one to retire successfully after service to the careers.” He urged all officers to ensure that they co-

fatherland.operate with the AOC in his effort towards taking the Command to the next level. Responding, Air Officer Commanding, Training

Command, AVM Umar thanked him for the farewell visit He commended the Command for making his tenure as

and wished him a happy retirement life. Commandant Armed Forces Command and Staff College (AFCSC) a fulfilled one, stressing that as AVM Umar lauded AVM Gberevbie for his wealth of members of the same family “We must co-operate with experience and impacting same on officers.

AVM SBE GBEREVBIE COMMENDS TRAINING COMMAND

SGT Fanzhi TC

AVM MD Umar and AVM SBE Gberevbie at HQ TC.

AVM SBE Gberevbie takes salute on arrival at HQ TC.

AIR TRAINER PAGE 10

The Commandant, Nigerian Defence Academy, Maj Gen Mahmud Yerima has stressed the need for co-ordination of activities between the NDA and Training Command.

Major General Yerima made this call recently during his courtesy call on the Air Officer Commanding Training Command AVM MD Umar. In his words “There is a need for us to work in synergy since we are both involved in training. I will be extending invitation to the command to participate in our activities”.

In his response, the Air Officer Commanding Training Command assured the Commandant of the Command's maximum support. “We are aware of your constraints in the training of the cadets. I would like to assure you that you can count on our support at all times.”

The Commandant was accompanied by other senior officers of the Academy.

MAJOR GENERAL MAHMUD YERIMA CALLS FOR SYNERGY BETWEEN NDA AND TRAINING COMMAND

by FS Fadare O

Air Commodore Akinola Ogunnaike welcoming the Commandant, Nigerian Defence Academy (NDA), Major General MA Yerima to the Command Headquarters.

Major General Yerima taking salute on arrival at the Command Headquarters.

Major General Yerima inspecting quarter guard.

Major General Mahmud Yerima (4th from right) and members of his entourage in a

group photograph with his host, AVM MD Umar and his Principal Staff Officers

AIR TRAINER PAGE 11

The Air Officer Commanding Training Command, Air Vice He charged the Fulani leader to always admonish his people to Marshal Mohammed Dikko Umar has said that the peaceful desist from encroaching into farm lands that would cause anarchy co-existence between the Nigerian Air force and the Fulani and work out modalities that would promote peaceful co-existence

community is aimed at promoting sustainable development and between them.security consciousness. AVM Umar also told the visitors that, “As part of measures to ensure AVM Umar made this declaration when he received the Fulani the protections of lives and properties, the Base would soon be Community Ruga in his office. He said the visit indicated the fenced to enhance security.” He urged the community to always peaceful relationship existing between the community and the report any suspicious occurrence and movement around them.Nigerian Air Force and called for it to be sustained. In his remarks, the Fulani Community leader, Alhaji Mohammed AVM Umar however lamented on the incessant clashes between Idris congratulated the Air Officer Commanding on his well the Fulani community and farmers and charged their leaders to deserved appointment and prayed for good health and wisdom in ensure their people do not engage in any communal clashes his effort towards taking Training Command to greater heights. stressing that such would destroy the existing peace and endanger the lives of both communities.

FULANI COMMUNITY Visit HQ TC by FS Ezekial RM

he 345 Aero Medical Hospital (345 AMH) Nigerian Air Force Kaduna have emerged first position in the year 2009 T

World Environment Day Celebration.

The occasion is usually organized by the Kaduna State Environmental Protection Authority (KEPA) in conjunction with the State Ministry of Environmental and Natural Resources.

It involve the inspection of various work places in Kaduna with the aim of selecting the best three environmentally friendly work place in the State.

In a letter from the organizer and signed by the General Manager KEPA Alhaji Ibrahim Hussaini said 345 Aero Medical Hospital emerge the neatest health care facility in Kaduna State.

By

SG

T Fa

nzhi

TC

AOC TC, AVM MD Umar and his PSOs in a group photograph with members of the Fulani community.

AIR TRAINER PAGE 12

h e A i r O f f i c e r and to manage and operate Commanding Training messes and co-operative Command, AVM MD societies among others. T

Umar has been inducted into the Retired Army Navy and Air Maj Gen AA Mshelbwala Force Officers Club, RANAO, tasked the AOC to “Propagate Kaduna Chapter. the tenet of RANAO in your

Command.” Conducting the induction at the Headquarters Nigerian Air In response, AVM MD Umar Force Training Command, the commended members of the Chairman, Kaduna Chapter of Club on their good works and R A N A O , M a j G e n A A urged them not to rest on their M s h e l b w a l a ( R T D ) oars. In his words, “We are commended the AOC for his much informed about your sterling qualities and charged activities now, any assistance him to contribute his quota to you want from us we will render the growth of the club. and on personal noted, am

grateful to you for deeming it fit Air Vice Marshal Umar was to appoint me as a patron. I will handed a letter of investiture, a not disappoint you”. The plaque and a copy of the club's Chairman was accompanied to constitution. The objectives of the HQ TC by members of his the club according to the executives.Chairman is to assist fresh retirees to adjust to civil life, to encourage and help members

BECOMES LIFE PATRON OF

RANAO

AOC TC

AIR OFFICER OPERATIONSFLIES THE AIR BEETLE

AVM AE Okafor (3rd Right) with other officers before his flight.

AVM AE Okafor accompanied by Gp Capt AB Adekoya and Wg Cdr FO Edosa heading towards the flight line.

AVM AE Okafor entering the Air Beetle Trainer aircraft.

AVM AE Okafor inspecting some items before his flight.

By

AIR TRAINER PAGE 13

AVM Okafor carries out preflight checks.

The Chairman Senate Commitee on the Air Force,Senator Audu Idris Mohammed briefing the AOC TC on the purpose of their

visit to HQ TC.

Senate Committee on NAFVisit to Training Command

Members of the Senate Committee on Air Force inspecting the Air Beetle Trainer aircraft at 301 Flying Training School, Kaduna.

Senator Audu Idris Mohammed introducing members of his Commitee.

AVM MD Umar pointing at something of interest to the Chairman of the Committee on Air Force.

The Committee in company of Commander 345 AMH and AOC TC inspecting the Aero medical complex in Kaduna.

AIR TRAINER PAGE 14

Pictures of

representative of the Commandant, Kano State Fire Service Training School, Mallam Ibrahim Hassan has attributed human A

errors to be responsible for 35% of domestic fire incidents in most homes. Mallam Hassan stated this recently while delivering an emergency fire evacuation lecture to officers and men of 303 Flying Training School (303 FTS) Nigerian Air Force Kano. According to Mallam Hassan, who was the Guest lecturer during a 303 FTS training lecture day, some of the preventable human errors included over-loading of electrical cables, use of candles, use of boiling rings, negligence in the use of gas cookers among others.

Speaking further on preventive measures to minimize fire incidences, the representative of the Commandant advised personnel to find out the capacities of watts in sockets before using them. He also advised them to use Nigerian made cables which according to him are more durable than foreign cables.

In the event of fire incident in a military aircraft prepared for operations, Mallam Hassan advised personnel to ascertain the types of items inside the aircraft before entering the aircraft. According to him, this precaution was necessary so as to save lives of personnel who may ignorantly enter aircrafts armed with explosives.

Speaking on the preventive measures to be observed during fire rescue operations, Mallam Hassan advised personnel to wear protective jackets while fighting fire. He also cautioned personnel not to fight fire from the same direction of the wind. According to the Guest Lecturer, “it is safe to maintain a distance of 300 metres from the fire spot while fighting fire”.

The Representative of the Commandant also advised smokers to be very circumspect with cigarette ashes after smoking especially before going to bed at night. In the same vein, he stated that keys of every home should be kept at visible areas where they can be picked to open doors during an emergency.

Speaking in his closing remarks, the representative of the Commander 303 Flying Training School, Air Commodore OT Oguntoyinbo advised personnel of the Unit to be safety conscious and also enjoined them to put into practice preventive measures enumerated by the Guest Lecturer. According to Air Commodore Oguntoyinbo, personnel of the Unit should endeavour to be “fire officers in their homes”.

“Human Errors Responsible For 35% Domestic Fire Incidents-Commandant Kano State

Fire Service Training School

Flt Lt ET Iheoma

The Guest lecturer from Kano State Fire Service Training School, Mallam Ibrahim Hassan delivering his lecture during the training day.

The GOO Air Commodore OJ Oguntoyinbo presenting a plaque to the guest lecturer Mallam Ibrahim Hassan.

AIR TRAINER PAGE 16

Dealer and Supplier of all Vehicles, Military Equipment, Petroleum Products,Motor Cycles such as: Suzuki, Yamaha, Honda e.t.c, Survey Maintenance

Imports and Exports of General Goods

The Commander 303 FTS (4th right) Air Cdre Ishaku Umar in a group photograph with members of the Czech Republic Committee on Defence and some principal staff officers.

Mr Jan Vadin presents a gift to Comd 303 FTS.

Comd 303 FTS (right) stressing some point as the leader of the Czech Republic Committee on Defence Mr Jan Vadin and one other Czech Listens.

Comd 303 FTS Kano (right) Air Cdre Ishaku Umar in warm embrace with one of the legislators from the Czech Republic.

Comd 303 FTS, (extreme right) in a chat with some members ofthe Czech Republic Committee on Defence.

PICTURES OF OF THE CZECH REPUBLIC COMMITTEE ON DEFENCE TO 303 FLYING TRAINING SCHOOL, KANO

VISIT

AIR TRAINER PAGE 18

330 Nigerian Air force Station and 347 Nigerian Air Force Hospital held their monthly route march exercise recently in Jos where officers, airmen and airwomen under the units trooped out en mass to participate in the event.

The exercise which is aimed at improving and maintaining the fitness level of personnel started at the early hours of 06.00 at the station headquarters up to Plateau Radio Television Corporation, Ray field roundabout and back.

The Commander 330 NAF station Jos, Air Cdre IA Shomade in his words of encouragement and advice at the exercise explained that such exercise would be a monthly event in order to achieve physical fitness and endurance of personnel, praising them for their turn out. He expressed his joy over the success of the exercise and admonished them to ensure they keep fit at all times.

NIGERIAN AIR FORCE PERSONNEL

In Jos Keep Fit By Fg Offr A Aliyu

The newly appointed Plateau State Commander of NDLEA,

Barrister Ralph Igwenagu and his staff visited 330 NAF

Station on a courtesy visit in order to improve the cordial

relationship, understanding and co-operation among the two

security agencies. The visit was also in the quest to battle the

increasing rate of drug use and trafficking among youths in Plateau

State. Mr. Igwenagu emphasized that the intake of drugs by

individuals was on the increase especially among youths in

secondary schools and universities. He therefore advocated for

security agencies in Plateau State to put all hands on deck to minimize

the use of illicit drugs. He also lamented that people should pay

attention to the problem illicit drug users and traffickers constitute to

the society.

In his remarks, the Comd 330 NAF Station, Air Commodore IA Shomade pledged to assist the anti-drug agency to achieve more result in the war against illicit drugs and suggested that regular lectures and awareness campaign be done to discourage people from taking part in such practices.

NIGERIAN AIR FORCE TO JOIN IN THE BATTLE AGAINST DRUG ABUSE

By Fg Offr A Aliyu

AIR TRAINER PAGE 19

325 GTG ACTIVITIES IN PICTURES Commander 325 GTG (5th from left) Air Cdre JD Daniel in a group photograph

with the Abia State contingent during the KADA games 2009 in Kaduna.

The Comd 325 GTG Air Cdre JD Dania presenting a gift to Air Cdre EE Osim at the graduation ceremony of Admin up-grading Course 1/09.

Comd 325 GTG with Ghanian student officersof IPAMOC 12/09.

PE Students of 325 GTG on industrial attachment at ASAA Pyramid Hotel.

330 NAF STATION JOS ACTIVITIES

IN PICTURES

Cutting of Cake for 7th Graduation Ceremony Anniversary of AFGCS.

AVM Mohammed Umar and the Comdt AFGCS Jos, Gp Capt Esther Odok at the occasion of the 7th GraduationCeremony of AFGCS Jos.

The GOC 3rd Armd Div, Maj Gen Saleh Maina and theAOC TC AVM MD Umar taking their salute during thePOP of AFMS Jos.

Picture show AVM Dick Iruenabere (middle), GOC 3rd Armd Div Maj Gen Saleh Maina (left) and SSG Plateau State Nde SamsonDimka (right) at the reception of the POP ceremony of AFMS Jos.

A cross section of the graduating students of AFGCS Jos.

AIR TRAINER PAGE 20

OUR SERVICES:

The Best West African Computer EngineeringCompany of the Year 2007

By Air Vice Marshal Osita Obierika (Rtd)

The Concise Oxford Dictionary (COD) defines training as the “act or process of teaching or learning a skill, discipline etc”. Wikipedia, the

free encyclopedia defines training as the acquisition of knowledge, skill and competences as a result of the teaching of vocational or practical skills and knowledge that relate to specific useful competences. Meanwhile, Education in its broadest sense is any act or experience that has a formative effect on the mind, character, or physical ability of an individual. In its technical sense, education is the process by which society deliberately transmits its accumulated knowledge, skills and values from one generation to another. Russell has defined education as the development of an analytical mind to tackle challenges that are not of routine nature. Thus, the major difference between training and education is that training is acquired for a routine job while education is broad based. However, there are areas of overlap in different proportions between them.

The Central Flying School handbook on instruction defines training as the development of knowledge, skill and appropriate attitude in an individual to accomplish certain tasks, safely and effectively, without risk to himself, equipment or other people. This is the sense in which I would like training to be understood in this paper. Training of NAF Personnel is a very expensive business and particularly that of a NAF Pilot, it cost a great deal in terms of time, energy, money and human resources. In order to make the training more efficient and economical, we must ensure that our instruction is as effective as possible. Furthermore, Training methods must change from time to time, according to the training policies which must take cognizance of rapidly changing situations in the World.

As far as an individual is concerned; success in a career such as military flying depends on the possession of two characteristics: aptitude and motivation. However, the student is only one of the components of the training system and his/her chances of success are also affected by organizational factors, such as the training policy in operation at any given time.

Born on 20 Other appointments held are; Director of S e p t e m b e r , Electronic Warfare and frequency 1952 at Enugu management, Defence Headquarters in the then Abuja Directing Staff (Air) National War Eastern Nigeria, College; Director of National and Military A V M O s i t a Strategy, National War College, Abuja; Chukwunedu Defence Adviser Embassy of Nigeria, Paris; Obierika hails Air Officer Inspections, Headquarters from Enugu – Nigerian Air Force. Until his retirement, He

ndwas the 22 Air Officer Commanding Ukwu in Njikoka Training Command, Kaduna.l o c a l

G o v e r n m e n t As an experienced trainer and examiner in A r e a o f Military aviation, the senior officer has Anambra State. continued to share his experience with He joined the other people through attendance of Nigeria Air Force seminar and conferences on aviation. As a as a potential participant at the National War College in p i lo t on 02 1998, the senior officer conducted a January, 1973. research on “The Establishment of an

After six months of Military Training, he integrated search and rescue organization proceeded to the Nigerian Air force Base for Nigeria”.Kaduna in July 1973 for his Primary Flying This led to the senior officers attendance at Training at 301 FTS, Kaduna. In December a united Nations Sponsored Workshop on 1974, he commenced Basic Flying Training search and Rescue Point of Contact held in on jet provost MK 3A at the No 1 FTS Royal Gran Canaria, Spain in November 1999. Air Force, London-on ouse in the United Consequent ly, the senior of f icer Kingdom and graduated in September, recommended the membership of Nigeria 1975. On return to Nigeria, he attended the in the COSPAS-SARSAT programme for SAR Basic Transport Flying Course in Kaduna as a user state. AVM Obierika is a member from January –June 1976. In April 1977, he of the expert committee of the National was at Germany for Advanced Tactical Space Research and Development Agency Flying Training. and was V ice cha i rman of the Other courses attended include: Course 10 Technical/Logistics Committee of the at the Command and Staff College Jaji, National Emergency Management Agency.Aviation Management course at the AVM Obierika has flown the following types Nigerian College of Aviation of Technology as aircraft; Plaggio 149D; Bulldog T1; jet Zaria and Defence resources Management provost MK3A; Do28, D1 D2; Bulldog T1; Course at the Command and Staff College, Do 128-6; Aer Macchi MB 339. His flight Accra Ghana. He also attended the evaluation includes Do-28 B1; Bravo AS National war college, Abuja in 1998. 202; Episilon; Do228; Pilatus PC 6 and 7; The senior Officer has served in various Emb 312 Tucano; Alpha Jet; Mig 21; capacities in the NAF and DHQ among Albatross L-39; Hughes 300c and ABT 18. which are; Flying Instructor at 301 Flying The senior officer has logged more than Training School, Directing Staff Armed 2,000 hrs of flying.Forces Command and Staff College, Jaji; His hobbies include Golf and tennis. He is Assistant Director Training (AG) Defence married and blessed with 4 children. Headquarters, Abuja; Director of works, Headquarters Nigerian Air Force.

AIR TRAINER PAGE 22

Introduction

Source: Central Flying School, Instructor Handbook strive to maintain at all times a state of combat readiness, such that it possesses

the force level capable to deter war or conflict, and where deterrence fails, to be

in a position to fight and win the air war.Training in the NAF denotes the act of teaching or learning skills peculiar to

NAF specialties by its personnel. NAF recognizes training as a veritable tool

that can facilitate the effective performance of its personnel. Thus, the To achieve the objectives discussed, the NAF procured the following aircraft;

Executive Regulation Chapter 9, Paragraph 904 (a) provides that Officers, a. MiG-21 MF & Bis for air defence and reconnaissance.Warrant Officers and Non–Commissioned Officers are to be trained to high b. Jaguar for interdiction, and reconnaissance.standard of general service effectiveness, so that they may be fit to assume their

c. Alpha Jet for weapon's training and close air support.fundamental responsibilities of command and leadership. In the modern day

d. Aer Macchi MB 339 for basic and advanced training and close Armed Forces, there are many challenges in terms of technology and battle air sipport.concept. For NAF to realize its optimum potential, there is need to equip its

e. Albatross L-39 for Basic training.personnel with sufficient skills, knowledge and right attitude for effective f. F-27m for maritime patrol and reconnaissance.performance.

g. G-222 for medium and tactical transport.

h. C-130H for tactical and strategic transport roles.The relevance of a training policy could be judged by the extent to which it

meets the training needs of the organization. A training need could be i. BO-105 for close air support, antitank role and liaison duties.interpreted as a gap, shortfall or deficiency between the kind of performance or j. DO 128-6/DO 228 for basic tpt conversion and liaison duties.competence that a worker is expected to have and the competence he or she has. k. Puma for battle space troops movement and VIP flights.At the organizational level, set objectives and goals of the organization are

l. Hughes 530C for primary Helicopter training.compared with those achieved. Therefore, organizational training needs exist,

m. Bulldog for primary flying training.if the gap or shortfall so identified can be corrected through a systematic

training.A look at the above aircraft holding would suggest a corresponding increase in

the level of human resources and training required for operating and maintain The NAF has formulated training policies and guidelines to facilitate effective the aircraft. This was the period of the 70s to 80s and aptly described as the training of its personnel. However, the current state of training programmes Golden Era of the NAF. In the 90s, two more aircraft types; Mi 34 and Mi 35 and personnel disposition suggest that all is not well with the implementation of were added to the inventory while MiGs, Jaguars, F-27m, BO 105, Hughes the training policies. Thus for NAF to perform its statutory role efficiently, it 530C and Bulldog ac were withdrawn from svc. However, the Bulldog ac was has to address the problems inhibiting effective training. Consequently, the replaced with the Air Beetle ABT-18. At present, the NAF capability is greatly Headquarters, Nigerian Air Force selected the theme “Enhancing NAF reduced on account of the above action. However, there is hope that when the Operational Capability Through Effective Training” for a research paper at the MB339, G-222, and Puma aircraft types in Europe are refurbished and National Defence College Abuja. Consequently, this paper will discuss N A F upgraded, the NAF capability will be improved.Statutory Role and its present capability, training needs to meet manning

requirements and training in 2 foreign air forces. The paper will also take a look Present Capability in Training. At present, training is going on at 325GTG in at optimizing local training vis-à-vis overseas training and the way forward or both recruit and other admin professional courses. The AFIT is running its strategies to improve efficiency in training before concluding.regular courses; the 301 and 303 FTS seem to be conducting courses but the 305

FTS has remained dormant for years. The 99 AWS has been very epileptic in its NAF Statutory Role. Essentially, the objectives for which the NAF training activities. Therefore, it can be concluded that the NAF training is was established are:performing well below the expected curve.

a. To deter any action that may threaten or is likely to threaten the

security of the country by the employment of air power.AFP-248 stipulates that the ab-initio pilot training shall be conducted within 6 b. To conduct aerial Warfare with intensity and effectiveness that will months. It consists of 2 phases, which are a 12 – 13 weeks ground academics enhance the attainment of national objectives when other options fail or where phase and a 50-hour flying phase. However, the duration of the flying phase the national interests so demand.has been varying between 50 and 100 hours. For instance, in 1983, Student

c. To assist other governmental agencies in dealing with national Pilot Course 26 flew a 100 hours programme. This was attributed to the poor

emergencies and/or natural disasters within and possibly outside the territorial serviceability of L-29 aircraft which the course was to use for basic training at

frontiers of Nigeria.303 Flying Training School (303 FTS), Kano. However, when aircraft

serviceability at 303 FTS improved following the introduction of the MB-339 It can be noted, that if NAF can ever hope to achieve these objectives, it must and later L-39 aircraft as the basic trainer, the 100 hours flying programme at

Factors Influencing Success

Serial Goals Student Characteristics Organizational Characteristics Remarks

(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)

1. Numbers Aptitude Training Methods

2. Standards Motivation Syllabus Content

3. Costs Age Staff

4. Time Education Wastage Policy

Fig 1

AIR TRAINER PAGE 23

301 Flying Training School (301 FTS) was again reduced to 50 hours. reduced the backlog of students awaiting basic training at 303 FTS. However,

going direct to Basic Flying Transport Course denied the 15 student pilots of jet

experience. This would inhibit the chances of re-rolling the pilots to the jet Since inception, 301 FTS Kaduna has produced over 600 students for the aircraft in future. These examples indicate that the provisions of AFP-248 are Nigerian Air Force, Nigerian Navy and some sister African countries. At not being adequately implemented.present, the school has only 2 instructor pilots current on the ABT-18 ac

expecting 26 student pilots of SP Course 26. This translates to instructor

pilot/student ratio of 1:4:5 as against the standard ration 1:2:5. The low HELICOPTER PILOT TRAINING

instructor pilot disposition is a major factor prolonging the period of training.

For instance, Student Pilot Course (SPC) 32, which started training in Oct 1999 The AFP-248 stipulates that pilots designated for helicopter flying shall made only 22 hours after 15 months of training, unlike in 1978, when SPC 18 commence the ab-initio helicopter training after primary flying training at 301 completed same course in 5 months. Other factors causing delay include FTS. The helicopter training comprises a 50-hour ab-initio training and 70 weather conditions. Although, in the past 5 years, the situation took a different hours basic training each starting with ground school. On completion, the pilot dimension. Students Pilots commence training and after 5% stage, they are sent proceeds for conversion and captaincy training. The practice of moving the overseas either to the USA, Belarus or the UK. Therefore, the implementation students from primary flying direct to helicopter has made it impossible to re-of the training policy on ab-initio pilot training is inadequate. Consequently, role NAF helicopter pilots to fly fixed-wing aircraft. Besides, it does not allow the NAF needs to provide enough resources for effective implementation of the for flexibility and limits the deployability of helicopter pilots in the NAF. policies. Consequently, the Service could review this policy.

BASIC FLYING TRAINING Before the establishment of 305 Flying Training School, Enugu, students were

sent overseas for helicopter training. So far, 6 batches of helicopter pilots have

The Basic Flying Course (BFC) is a 120 hours programme to be conducted in 13 been trained overseas the last which graduated in 1983. The pilots were well

months. 303 FTS Kano is charged with its implementation. So far, 303 FTS trained and very competent in the operation of NAF helicopters.

has produced 105 pilots. Intake into the BFC does not follow any regular

pattern due to the irregular turn out of student pilots from 301 FTS. The BFC In 1986, the NAF acquired the Hughes 300C helicopters, which were deployed programme comprises one month ground academics and 12 months flying to 305 FTS, Enugu, for ab-initio helicopter training. The school trained only phase. one course since inception. The course started in 1987 with 14 students while

11 graduated in 1991. On graduation, the pilots were made to fly more hours on

The 13 month training period was adhered to with only slight variations until the Hughes 300C because the Bolkow BO-105 Helicopters were unserviceable,

1992. Between 1992 and 1998 there was no flying training as some of the However, training on the Hughes 300C helicopter later stopped due to non-

instructor pilots were withdrawn for ECOMOG operations in Liberia and Sierra availability of AVGAS.

Leone. In addition, the school faced problems of low aircraft serviceability and

irregular fuel supply. Consequently, BFC 12 A that convened at 303 FTS in In 1999, the graduates from 305 FTS flew 12 hours on the Mi-34 Helicopter in Feb 1993 for basic flying training covered only 70% of the programme, 8 years Russia. It is pertinent to mention that these pilots have flown just an average of after the course started. Thus, pilots that could be engaged in operational 175 hours in their flying career. Although, the training policy on the local squadron flying were still undergoing flying training after 15 years in the training of helicopter pilots is good, the capability of those locally trained has Service. In the past, 303 FTS had graduated pilots within 13 months as not been assessed due to non-availability of aircraft. The procurement of the stipulated by the training policy. For instance, BFC 1 started training in Jun Mi-34 trainer and Mi-35 attack helicopters by the NAF is commendable. 1979 and completed the training in Jul 1980. The students earned their However, the problems associated with the Mi-34 have made the ac unusable wings as pilot officers with just 6 months seniority in the rank. Consequently, for training purpose. If 305 FTS is to perform its functions, a new trainer should the pilots had many active years of flying in the NAF. be procured while more instructors be trained.

A case study of 12 of the 27 students of SP 31 who, graduated from 301 FTS in ADVANCED FLYING TRAININGJan 2000 stayed for 4 years before basic training in Kano. Some of them were

already squadron leaders. Going by the training rate at 303 FTS Kano, they The term advanced flying training in this context implies any further flying earned their wings as Wing Commanders. Consequently, they have limited training given to pilots after graduating from basic flying training. This is years of active flying in the Service. Meanwhile, the remaining 15 members of conducted on the Alpha-Jet for fighter, DO-228 for transport and Mi 35 for the course were re-coursed to Basic Flying Transport Course (BFTC). The helicopter pilots. AFP-248 stipulates a duration of 6 months and 50 flying students started instruments and navigation flying on 15 May 2000 on the hours for the tactical fighter training. The 99 Air Weapon School, (AWS), extended version of the Air Beetle Aircraft. They made an average of 10 hours. Kainji, is charged with the training of NAF fighter pilots for the award of limited This was preparatory to further training on DO-228 aircraft. This measure

AIR TRAINER PAGE 24

combat rating. The school was established in 1984 to train qualified pilots than is presently obtained by relying on dropouts from flying schools.

from 303 FTS on the Alpha Jet aircraft.

ENGINEERING OFFICERS ADVANCED COURSE

The tactical fighter training comprises the ground academics phase and the

flying phase. The School has produced 48 pilots so far. However, training The AFP-248 provides for engineering officers advanced course comprising stopped in 1992 when the instructor Pilots were involved in the ECOMOG mainly type rating programmes on specific aircraft types and equipment. The operations. Besides, there were no spares to maintain the Alpha Jet. training was mostly conducted overseas. In 1989, overseas training was Consequently, course 1/90 that started training in 1990 did not graduate until replaced with local Type Rating Course. So far, the programme has been 1998, thereafter, training on the A-Jet has been in the limbo. This is at variance successfully carried out on the C-130H, MiG-21, Alpha-Jet, L-39ZA and the with the provision of the NAF training policy. From the foregoing, pilot training Dornier series aircraft. In addition, more NAF technicians are involved in the in the NAF has suffered setbacks in its implementation. The laudable initiative local PDM thus providing an opportunity for on-the-job training. For example, of sourcing overseas slots in the US, UK and Ukraine in the last 3 years is 5 officers and 44 technicians are involved in the on-going in-country PDM on 2 commendable and will definitely bridge the gap. We must come up with a x C-130H aircraft at Ikeja as against one officer and 5 technicians recently sent definite plan and policy on both local and foreign training. A combination of abroad for PDM on the same number of aircraft. Another advantage of the in-both will go a long way in addressing the pilot training issue. country PDM is the opportunity to carry out in-depth maintenance into aircraft

systems and components by NAF technicians which was hitherto the exclusive

IMPLEMENTATION OF AIR ENGINEERING TRAINING reserve of the overseas vendors. Consequently, the technicians became better

PROGRAMMES exposed thereby gaining more experience on the aircraft. Therefore, the NAF

could incorporate in-depth training for depot level aircraft maintenance in its

training policy.INITIAL SPECIALIST TRAINING

To enhance the implementation of PDM programme, the 401 Aircraft The initial specialist training comprises the Engineering Officers' Basic Course, Maintenance Depot could be made to serve as its nucleus. The Nigerian Air to be undertaken immediately after commission. It has the objective of training Force would, therefore, need to upgrade the facilities at the Depot. Some officers in the principles and practice of engineering. It lasts 2 years. T h e personnel could be sent abroad for in-depth training to form the pioneer NAF in its early years conducted this training overseas. The programme, maintenance team for the PDM. The Nigerian Machine Tools (NMT), Oshogbo, though expensive, had laid a good foundation for the subsequent training of and Project Development Authority (PRODA), Enugu, have been technicians up to skilled HR needs of the service. In 1977, Technical Training commissioned to produce some ground support equipment for the C-130 and Group (TTG), now AFIT after going through 320 TTG, Kaduna, was MiG-21 aircraft, respectively. These companies could be integrated into the established to conduct local training in basic aircraft engineering. Since its PDM programme, and an affiliation with the Air Force Institute of Technology inception, the School has trained over 3000 officers and airmen in (AFIT). From the foregoing, it is evident that, unlike pilot training, the aeromechanical, electrical and instruments, avionics engineering and implementation of engineering training has been fairly consistent with the armament maintenance amongst others. Therefore, AFIT has contributed provision of AFP-248.immensely to the implementation of the training policy.

At present, the Engineering Officers Basic Course has been replaced with the SHORT FALLSOrientation Engineering Officers Course. The course runs for a period of 18

months. The course content is the same as Basic Engineering Officer Course Inadequate Logistics Support

except for the 6 months general academic programme that has been dropped

from the curriculum. Unfortunately, the officer's orientation course is fraught A training policy can only be relevant if necessary logistics supports are with problems. Among them is the lack of qualified instructors. The NAF provided to facilitate the training efforts. Most of the equipment in the NAF could take steps to improve on the standard by employing qualified civilian training schools are either serviceable or unserviceable. The shortage of instructors. aircraft spares, irregular fuel supply and poor funding have reduced pilot Another area of concern is the shortfall in the number of junior engineering training in the NAF to an epileptic state. Thus AFP-248 provisions are not being officers. The Air Engineering trade has a total of over 250 officers and over met.1,200 technicians. Most of the officers are within the Squadron Leader to Air

Vice Marshal rank bracket. The shortfall has been attributed to the fact that the Similarly, AFIT is still grappling with the problems of inadequate training aid

programme is not strictly designed to produce engineering officers alone. It and lack of trained instructors in the Officers Engineering School and

also serves as a stopgap measure for the students awaiting flying training in 301 Armament School. Consequently, the training policies that produced the best

FTS. This practice is militating against getting the right quantity and quality of pilots and engineers in the NAF in 1970s and 80s are not yielding same results

officers for the Air Engineering trade. Therefore, consideration could be given today due to poor logistics support to NAF

to candidates who are suitably qualified to pursue a career in Air Engineering Training Institutions.trade when selecting NAF cadets for admission into the Nigerian Defence

Academy (NDA). This would guarantee a better quality of engineering officers

AIR TRAINER PAGE 25

INADEQUATE FUNDING when he stated that national planning not commensurate with resources, loss of

focus and lack of training, facilitated the decline in HR. In addition, sanctions

imposed on Nigeria by the international community between 1993 and 1997 NAF training efforts are not adequately funded. The allocation of Defence negatively affected the production of adequate Human Resources. budget to the Services based on numerical strength rather than the complexity The effects of the sanctions were that the NAF could no longer obtain the spares and sophistication of equipment has led to inadequate funding of NAF projects. needed to make its training platforms operational. Also, local and overseas For instance, it costs about 1.73 million naira to train one pilot in primary flying, training almost come to a halt. This led to backlog in the flying training schools whereas only 28 million naira was released to HQ TC for local training in the that caused a general loss of interest in flying. For instance, there was no flying year 2000. In 2005, N65 million, 2006, a sum of N120 million, 2007 a sum of activity in 303 FTS between December 1992 and April 1998. This led to N135 million and 2008, N150 million. This implies that only few student pilots disinterest and apathy in the student pilots who had been waiting to commence could ideally be trained in primary flying with those amounts. Furthermore, the flying training in 303 FTS since 1992. Hence, a few of these prospective pilots fund had to be spread over other essential training activities in the various opted out of flying. Consequently, HR erosion occurred and the NAF could no Groups under Command. Thus, leading to shortages and prolonged longer meet the required HR levels for its roles. The NAF, therefore, evolved programmes.some strategies to ameliorate the situation. These included cooperative

alliances with countries like India and Pakistan for training, the intensification LOW TECHNOLOGICAL BASE

of efforts at conducting LOTRAC and the establishment of Instructor Pilot

School in 303 FTS to train instructor pilots locally. Nigeria does not have the technology to meet the challenges of the aviation

industry. Rather, it relies on the developed countries for aircraft spares usually These efforts, however, did not produce the desired results because capacity has

procured at exorbitant cost. Unfortunately, the NAF does not have adequate been eroded through personnel attrition, inappropriate postings, ageing,

foreign exchange to procure needed spares. Consequently, aircraft are retirement and non-replacement of experienced SNCO's. Also, since 1988, the

grounded for lack of spares.use of TAG personnel, which has usually complemented the efforts of Nigerian

instructors, has been reduced to only assisting NAF personnel deployed to the It is pertinent to observe that other third world countries with manufacturer's Mi-34C and Mi-35P helicopters.certification like Bangladesh have been able to sustain their flying training

programmes through the use of local spare parts substitutes. Therefore, NAF HUMAN RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT FROM 1999 TO 2008

could emulate these countries by eliciting the political will of the Federal

Government to include certification in its purchasing agreement. This would The period 1998 to 2006 witnessed a gradual rebuilding of NAF assets and HR. enable Nigeria to involve its indigenous companies in NAF aircraft Training resumed in most training units. The reactivation of some aircraft fleets maintenance. As AOI, the NAF sent all ac type batteries to Ibeto Industry at has made it possible for flying training to be carried out leading to reduction of Nnewi for local production. It is interesting to note that the Mi 35 aircraft are the backlog in the flying schools. Other measures adopted to reduce the backlog flying with batteries produced by the company. This could be cheaper and also in the flying schools included; releasing student pilots, who already had trades, enhances training policy implementation. from flying training and selecting a limited number of student pilots from each

NDA course for pilot training. These measures were to be in effect until the OVERVIEW OF TRAINING BETWEEN 1971 AND 1998

required capacity for training a larger number of student pilots could be

achieved.In the period between 1971 and 1988, the NAF invested in developing the Human Resources development efforts in helicopter pilot training have not appropriate Human Resources (HR) for its needs. The period also witnessed a yielded the desired results. Although, a set of helicopter pilots completed NAF HR development policy amendment that introduced the Potential training in 2003, flying training activities at 305 FTS have been suspended since Pilot/Cadet Military Training Course (CMTC) Scheme in addition to the NDA 2004. The issue of capacity is a major problem as the unit has only one instructor Regular intakes. The scheme enabled pilots to attain their wings at very young pilot who has been inactive for some time. ages and to also train as instructors while junior officers.

Human Resources to provide instruction and inadequate infrastructure have During the period, the NAF introduced new platforms like the Jaguar, Alpha Jet, been the perennial problems of AFIT and GTG - the non-flying training schools. MB-339, L-39, G-222 and some helicopters. There was, thus, a need for the These have affected the HR development efforts of the schools. For instance, NAF to develop HR to fit into many roles. Accordingly, basic and advanced AFIT requires qualified civilian instructors/lecturers and technical staff to meet pilot training were conducted in the United States of America, Great Britain, the accreditation requirements, it must fulfill for the National Board for Germany, Russia, Italy, Czechoslovakia and some other countries. Technical Education's (NBTE) accreditation which will enable the institution The need to maintain these platforms and associated equipment necessitated conduct National Diploma programmes in Aircraft Engineering Technology, training engineering officers and technicians in-country and overseas. Mechanical Engineering, Electrical/Electronic Engineering and Business Personnel who provide operations-related and ancillary services like Air Traffic Studies. Though AFIT has been accredited for 4 courses, the advantages of Control and Regiment duties were also trained locally and overseas. The use of accreditation for the remaining courses include; improved quality of training Technical Assistance Group (TAG) personnel in our training institutions helped through inputs from similar organizations, contacts with professional a great deal. organizations like the Nigerian Society of Engineers and exposure to seminars The establishment of TTG in 1977 facilitated in-country training of engineering and workshops as AFIT would acquire the status of a polytechnic. Other officers and technicians. The School, at inception, benefited from the presence advantages include reduction in cost of attending overseas seminars and of Technical Assistance Group personnel and was able to turn out high quality workshops and increased awareness of the research and development activities graduates. The training received at TTG was complemented by overseas of AFIT as the Unit would be able to attract funding from local and international training thus, establishing a sound engineering footing for the NAF. technical bodies.

Capacity in flying training, from overseas and local sources, gradually built up, Attempts to rebuild the flying training have yielded the desired results. In culminating in the NAF attaining its best pilot to aircraft ratio since inception. 2002, out of the 192 pilots that were available, only about 38 (representing At 303 FTS for example, there were up to 13 Instructor Pilots available to 20% of the strength) were actively flying, while the remainder were not operate a daily average of 8 to 10 serviceable aircraft in 1992. However, the operationally active for various reasons ranging from seniority in rank, period 1988 to 1998, witnessed a gradual decline in instructor availability in the medical unfitness and loss of flying currency due to lack of serviceable NAF. A combination of factors including a deliberate policy of neglect by some aircraft. As at 2006, the number of available pilots rose to 210 out of which past governments, the general politicisation of the military as a result of the 126 (representing 60%) were active.military's involvement in governance, poor leadership and the impact of

Nigeria's poor economic situation at that time, all combined to stunt the growth

and development of the NAF. Soewu lends credence to the above assertion

AIR TRAINER PAGE 26

Nu

mb

er o

f P

ilot

s

Figure 3: Comparison between the Establishment Requirement and Available Pilot Manpower in the NAF.

Source: Generated from HQ NAF Data

constitutes the middle level HR which is the main work force in the NAF. Using capacity to meet NAF operational requirements. Figure 3, only 63.86% of the pilot requirement for Wing Commander rank has been met while 4.88% of Squadron Leader, 0.46% of Flight Lieutenant and 0%

PILOT TRAININGof Flying Officer pilot requirement are met. The lack of active pilots in the rank AFP 248 prescribes 9, 18 and 6 months for Primary, Basic and Advanced bracket of Squadron Leader and Flying Officer shows that generation gaps have training for pilots on fixed wing aircraft. This means that in the 21-year period been created in the flying cadre. A disconnection between the objectives of the between 1985 and 2006, 301 FTS should have conducted 26 primary flying NAF training policy and the results of implementation of the policy is also training courses, whereas, only 9 courses were conducted, representing 34.7% apparent. The question then is, “Is the Training Policy defective?” To answer of AFP 248 recommendations. Furthermore, at an average of 30 trainees per this question, there is a need to determine the appropriateness of the guidelines course and a washout rate of 30%, 301 FTS could have trained 520 ab-initio by analysing the NAF Training Policy (AFP 248).Student Pilots (SP) instead of 209 trained, representing 40.2% of expected output. This was also accomplished at an average of 2 years and 4 months per

THE NAF CAREER PROGRESSION AND TRAINING POLICY course. The failure to implement the provisions of AFP 248 is attributable to the The AFP 248 sets guidelines for training aircrew, logistics and other support effect of sanctions and the resultant reduction in training capacity following the elements for the NAF. The guidelines set for pilot (primary and basic) training withdrawal of TAG from 301 FTS. Additionally, inadequate in-country and engineering training, and the implementation of the guidelines would be Instructor Training capacity affected Pilot Production. Figure 4 shows the used to measure the effectiveness of training towards achieving the required breakdown of SP courses conducted in 301 FTS during the period.

Figure 2 shows the distribution of actively flying pilots in the NAF as at March sets of pilots are ageing and a means of injecting young pilots into the system 2006. Though this shows a gradual improvement in the development of HR to needs to be evolved. In contrast to Figure 2, Figure 3 shows the disparity meet NAF's pilot needs, the distribution indicates that the majority of active between total pilot requirement in the rank bracket of Wing Commander and pilots are in the rank bracket of Group Captain and Wing Commander. These Flight Lieutenant and the total number of pilots available. This rank bracket

Num

ber

of

Pilots

Figure 2: Rank Distribution of Actively Flying Pilots as at March 2006.Source: Generated from HQ NAF Data

AIR TRAINER PAGE 27

Nu

mb

er

of

SP

s T

rain

ed

Figure 4: SP Courses and Number of SP Trained in 301 FTS.

Source: 301 FTS Data.

From the above, training during the period failed to meet the HR guidelines set of 72 trained, representing 30% of expected results at an average of 4 years per in AFP 248. Since 301 FTS is the source of materials for pilot training in 303 course. This is attributable to the fact that 303 FTS could not conduct flying FTS and 305 FTS, failure to meet requirements in 301 FTS would ultimately training activities between 1992 and 1998 on account of a decline in training affect training efforts in the 2 schools capacity due to sanctions and the withdrawal of TAG personnel. Figure 5 is a

pictorial representation of the Basic Flying Courses (BFC) and number of pilots In the same time frame, 303 FTS conducted only 5 courses instead of 15 trained in 303 FTS between 1985 and 2002. representing 33.33% of AFP 248 guidelines. Also, at an average of 20 SPs per

course and a washout rate of 20%, 303 FTS could have trained 240 pilots instead

Nu

mb

er

of

Pilo

ts T

rain

ed

Figure 5: Number of Pilots Trained in 303 FTS (1985 – 2002).

Source: 303 FTS Unit Information Book.

The disparities noted in the analysis of Primary and Basic flying training The 305 FTS was established in 1984 but has suffered from policy culminated in the backlogs experienced in 301 and 303 FTS. Thus, young and inconsistencies leading to its de-establishment in 1991 and re-establishment in agile pilots required for combat duty are inadequate. The inability to meet the 2000. During this period, it has trained 17 helicopter pilots in 2 courses; Basic training and developmental provisions of AP 248 has led to deficiencies Helicopter Flying Course 1 (1987 – 1994) and Course 2 (2000 – 2003). when pilots' skill levels, which are low, are compared with their ranks. Helicopter training has also failed to meet the HR guidelines in AFP 248 which

stipulates 12 months for completion of the course. Moreover, the skill level of The capacity to train has also been eroded because the Instructor Pilot School the graduates of the 2 courses so far trained are quite low as most of them have (IPS), established in 1987, has only conducted 3 courses instead of 25, an average of 200 flying hours at the rank of Group Captain.representing 12% of expected results. Thus, only 14 Instructor Pilots have been

trained. Reasons for the suspension of training in IPS include loss of focus in the ENGINEERING TRAININGestablishment of IPS, non-posting of Instructors to the School and lack of The TTG was established in 1977 to facilitate in-country training of officers and aircraft to conduct training. airmen for logistics functions. AFP 248 stipulates a 12-month Initial Training of helicopter pilots, as earlier noted, has not yielded the desired results. Engineering Course and Advanced Engineering Course for Engineering

AIR TRAINER PAGE 28

Officers. Between 1985 and 2006, TTG was able to conduct 16 Initial “In operational terms, self-reliance … is to be Aeromechanical and Electrical/Electronics Engineering Courses thus, understood at the national level of each developing country, achieving 76.6% of its expected output. It has also conducted 7 Basic Armament as the will to build up and use a capacity for autonomous Courses for officers and 12 Armament Maintenance Courses for airmen. decision-making and implantation on all aspects of the However, it was found that the development of engineering personnel did not development process including science and technology”.progress in accordance with AFP 248 due to the lack of advanced engineering training. The lack of serviceable aircraft for On-the-Job-Training and lack of

Furthermore, Aliyu perceives self reliance as a national value. According to LOTRAC continuity have reduced the skill level of engineering personnel him:when compared with their ranks.

DEDUCTIONS“The principle of self-reliance reflects, fundamentally, our The HR development provisions in AFP 248, if effectively implemented, are sense of ourselves as a nation. It does not reflect a lack of adequate to ensure skilled personnel for NAF needs. However, the paper found confidence in our allies nor does it suggest that we would that HR and skill levels in the pilot and engineering specialties are inadequate. not seek help and expect help from our friends and allies in The study also found that the lack of capacity has hindered HR development. times of need”.The use of TAG to complement local training capacity was discontinued by

1996 due to the effect of sanctions and other factors. The advantages of experience level, focused work ethics and improvement in standards derivable From the foregoing, the essence of self reliance is national autonomy in from the use of TAG in training cannot be discounted. There is a need for the decision making but does not preclude seeking foreign assistance in special NAF to revisit the issue of TAG. The study also found that the majority of active cases. Local training is more directly linked with technological self reliance pilots and experienced engineering personnel are in the rank bracket of Group since training largely involves developing skills for employing sophisticated Captain and Wing Commander. These sets of personnel are ageing, hence, equipment in war. personnel to replace them need to be developed. Nevertheless, the inability of

There is no definite benchmark for determining technological self-reliance. the NAF to achieve its HR development goals is attributable to challenges

However, Krause suggests that a level of military technological capability that which impede training efforts.

is limited to operation and maintenance of war equipment remains highly dependent. This implies, as deduced by Faloyin, that technological self reliance

involves equipment and spare parts fabrication or production capability. TRAINING NEED TO MEET MANNING REQUIREMENTSAccording to Noshiri; technological self-reliance is a function of factors such as In order to meet the manning requirements of the NAF both local and foreign HR, welfare, conducive working environment, equipment and infrastructure, training must be pursued aggressively. The option of engagement in local or knowledge and skill including spare parts and other working materials. He foreign training depends on a number of factors. Chief among these are the concludes that it is only when these factors are organized to function efficiently quest for self reliance and the availability of facilities and relevant technology. for the attainment of set industrial goals that they together form an Other considerations include the cost/benefit standing, government policies indispensable vehicle with which technological self-reliance is conveyed and and the needs for international exposure. measured.

The need for international exposure and cross-fertilisation of ideas is often a For simplicity, these factors could be narrowed down. Welfare, knowledge and strong reason for conducting some training courses abroad instead of locally. It skill are prerequisites of effective personnel and could be subsumed under HR. is also a strategy for keeping the Force abreast with the latest technology, tactics Similarly, conducive working environment is the outcome of having the right and procedures. Training venue is also often influenced by government equipment and infrastructure in place, while spare parts are for sustaining foreign policy. These policies manifest in the form of training aids and bilateral equipment. Therefore, technological self reliance is basically a function of technical assistance agreement.adequate HR, equipment, and infrastructure. Invariably, these 3 key factors encapsulate the prerequisites for adequate military training. Thus, an adequate

A principal factor that determines training location is cost. Cost must be level of technological self reliance is a prerequisite for military training. It weighed against benefit. An overseas training slot that appears expensive but follows that local training would be difficult, if not impossible, for nations that offers high quality training might be a better option than a local training slot for have not achieved adequate level of self reliance in a given field.

the same course, which would cost less but may not offer good quality training.Cost and technological competence are linked to self reliance. It is, therefore,

Imperatively, while developing nations embark on local training in a bid to be necessary to look at self reliance and its technological implications on local self-reliant, they must attain technological self reliance first, if this aspiration is training more closely.

to be truly realized. The impact of self reliance on training is as much on engineering as it is on flying training, however that of pilot training appears

SELF RELIANCE more manifest in operations. The next section therefore, looks at flying training in the Royal Air Force and the Ghana Air Force with technological self reliance Ikoku traces the origin of the concept of self reliance to Africa and the Far in perspective. East, contrary to the claims of some Western nations that it was first articulated

by Western scholars. He described it as the “right to decide and choose”. Mao Tse-Tung referred to it as “regeneration through our own efforts”. By way of a PILOT TRAINING IN THE ROYAL AIR FORCE

definition, however, the following statement on the concept of self reliance released at a symposium by developing countries in 1973 remains highly

Flying Training in the Royal Air Force (RAF) aims at producing pilots and illuminating:navigators capable of meeting the complex demands of a modern, multi-role Air Force. After Initial Officer Training (IOT), pilots who have not received elementary flying training at a University Air Squadron (UAS) undergo an Elementary Flying Training (EFT) course on light piston aircraft at the Joint Elementary Flying Training Squadron (JEFS). Whether trained at a UAS or JEFTS, after completing this phase, students are channeled for Fast-Jet, Rotary Wing (helicopter) or Multi-Engine training depending on their performance and inclination.

Those selected for Fast-Jet training proceed to the Basic Flying Training School (BFTS) where they are prepared for Fast-Jet Advanced Flying Training. Those selected for helicopters go directly to the Defence Helicopter Flying School for Rotary Wing Advanced Flying Training. Those selected for multi-engine (transport) training attend a short Multi-engine Lead-in Course on a light aircraft, followed by Multi-Engine Advance Flying Training. Student pilots are awarded their wings either at the end of BFTS, Rotary Wing Advanced Flying or Multi-Engine Advanced flying as appropriate. All pilots proceed to their

appropriate operational conversion units (OCU). Navigation training follows a similar pattern.

In the fast jet track, the pilot training programme including the OCU takes about

AIR TRAINER PAGE 29

3 years. Three flying schools, RAF Linton-on-Ouse, Cranwell and Shawbury generalship to the current use in business or family as a plan of action to remain produce the RAF's annual pilot requirement of 137 pilots on schedule. The competitive or survive, strategy has different meanings to different people. training is conducted with aircraft manufactured in Britain. Aircraft, simulators This latter view is supported by Baruch de Spinoza's definition of strategy as and other aerospace equipment maintenance in the flying training institutions “The ability to increase your power to survive”. This is the sense in which are outsourced to indigenous civil organizations. strategy has been adopted in this paper.

The RAF training model, among other qualities provides for timely and regular Consequently, some of the strategies to enhance NAF operational capability completion of training modules. The country has the technological through effective Training are:infrastructure to produce and maintain its training equipment hence; it does not rely much on other nations. Therefore, its training programmes are

a. Amendment to AFP 248. The framers of the AFP 248 had very uninterrupted. Moreover, funding is adequate and regular, it is note worthy also lofty ideas for the Nigerian Air Force. However, owing to that one institution handles all helicopter pilot training for all the UK Armed contradictions both internal and external, the NAF had not been able Forces.to carry out training courses accordingly to the contents of AFP 248. Therefore, with the reducing budgetary allocations, the NAF should

PILOT TRAINING IN THE GHANA AIR FORCE set up a board of officers to review the AFP 248 to a manageable level. Furthermore, amendments should be recorded in the space provided, with dates and signatures.

After the establishment of the Ghanaian Air Force (GAF), training in the Force commenced both locally and overseas depending on the necessity. In 1965, GAF decided to localize part of her flying training programme in order to b. Funding. The NAF is a capital and knowledge intensive achieve a measure of self reliance. Hence, the Hindustan HT 2 aircraft was organization. Because almost all technical support, sourced overseas, procured from India for screening potential flying cadets. The successful cadets make it difficult to compromise on cost. Thus, appropriate resource were then sent to RAF Ternhill, UK for further training. In 1990, GAF received allocations should be made towards training. We are not unmindful some L 29 basic flying training aircraft from Nigeria. Thus, local flying training of other competing demands on the NAF budgets. up to basic level was boosted. Hence, GAF was able to train pilots locally. She even became self reliant in pilot production, but it was to be short-lived.

c. Equipment. All critical equipment needed for training should be procured and installed. It is surprising that no NAF ac

Over the years, however, GAF could not sustain the local flying training simulator is functioning today. In AFIT, the large scale Wind tunnel programme. This was largely due to lack of spare parts and shortage of aviation bought some 20 + years age has not been installed. Of course, the fuel. It had to look elsewhere for flying training needs. According to Lawson, equipment will have to be upgraded before installation or replaced Ghana had inadequate aerospace related infrastructure and the technological outright with a modern type.base to sustain its fleet of training aircraft along with the operational fleet. Reviving and sustaining the training fleet would cost more than training the few

d. Training of More Instructors. The NAF should adopt a pilots required by the Service abroad annually. Currently, the GAF trains her strategy of training more instructors for all trade groups. Particularly, pilots in foreign countries, on return; they are converted unto local aircraft. the number of flying instructors should also be beefed up to meet the instructor student ratio of 1:2:5. Thus, to increase efficiency, a

GAF thus resorted to foreign training of its aircrew based on inadequate categorization and standardization scheme should be introduced. infrastructure and the country's low technological base, a situation that was Obviously, this will be followed by the Establishment of a NAF escalating the cost of training pilots locally. GAF appears to have realized the Central Flying School to carry out the function. When I was AOI, I futility of localizing pilot training without the requisite technological base. submitted a paper on the modalities for this scheme. It is a full paper

which can be presented to the body of instructors and pilots in the NAF at a selected time in future.

OPTIMIZING LOCAL TRAINING VIS-À-VIS OVERSEAS TRAINING

e. Intellectual Capacity. Typical assets which scholars have are From inception, the NAF trained its pilots, engineers and admin personnel intellectual integrity and fearless articulation of views. Modern Air overseas. The era 1971 – 1988 witnessed the high point of sound overseas Forces have become very complex and expensive. Therefore, training complemented with local training. The Nigerian Air Force cannot be personnel should have the intellectual capacity to generate isolated from the International military aviation. The reason is that we are not knowledge so as to cope with the challenges of modern warfare. Also, very much research based. Even the developed Air Forces still run exchange enemy defences have become more multi layered thus making it programmes among themselves notably. USAF, RAF, GAF, French Air Force, difficult to hit target and go scot free. The NAF needs officers and and even Indian Air Force. I am aware that the unpleasant exchange rate of the men with the intellectual capacities of Frank Whittle, John Boyd, Naira to the US dollar N155 to US$ 1 negatively affected overseas training. In John Warden III etc. the foundation has been laid by the academic my time, 1973 – 1975 the exchange rate was 60k to US$1. In fact, money was degrees from NDA before commission. The AFIT Tele-education no object. programme with Cranfield University is the right direction. Thus, Notwithstanding the above, the NAF must continue to send some smart more officers particularly the pilots should be exposed to further personnel abroad to receive the state of the art training and exposure. The academic studies for the desired situational awareness to meet the personnel should be debriefed when they come back; to see what the NAF can challenges of a modern air war.adapt from such personnel's training experience. Most importantly, instructors from the various trade groups should continue to be exposed to overseas training for maximum benefits to the NAF. Our local training must be given a pride of place in NAF budgetary allocations, because even if other commands remain dormant, the TC cannot afford to be so, because of attrition arising from progression in rank, age and separation. It was against this backdrop that I called the TC “the Command that never sleeps”. Furthermore, the expected induction of new platforms: F-7, ATR 42 MPA and LUH 109 will add more teeth to the NAF operational capability. However, I am troubled that personnel to fly and maintain the aircraft would be difficult to find, for the reasons mentioned earlier in the paper.

THE WAY FORWARD OR STRATEGIES TO IMPROVE EFFICIENCY IN TRAINING

Having discussed the theory, Challenges and Limitations of Training in the NAF so far, let us now turn our search light to the strategies to enhance training, thus leading to operational effectiveness. Otherwise the discourse will be illogical. Strategy like some other concepts in Social Science does not enjoy a universal definition. Consequently, the meaning varies within time and space. From the original Greek word, strategeos meaning the art of a general or

AIR TRAINER PAGE 30

which must take cognizance of rapidly changing situations in the World.

f. Tour of Duty. One of the major challenges facing the NAF is the issue of instructor Tour of Duty. Over the years, the NAF had With the inception of NAF in 1964, basically all Professional Courses were turned a blind eye to the issue, consequently, some instructors spent conducted overseas. However, by the 1970s, the NAF embarked on between 8 and 12 years on instructional duties. This state of affairs programme of localizing many of these trainings conducted overseas. Thus, led to apathy from young officers who, would have become many of the schools were established under the Training Command to conduct instructors. Thus, the NAF must as a matter of fact give instructors the courses. The visionaries of the NAF produced the AFP 248 to guide their regular postings as stipulated in the Executive Regulations. Of subsequent generations on training. Although, the contents of the AFP 248 are course, the instructors can return to their instructional duty after very ideal, efforts to implement the training objectives became very difficult working in operational squadron or field duty. owing to contradictions that are both internal and external to the NAF. Besides,

the era of 1970 – 80s, the NAF has had serious challenges in meeting its training targets. Therefore, the AFP 248 should be reviewed according to the realities of g. Infrastructure. Infrastructural facilities are pre-requisite for the time.sound training. With the near collapse of these facilities in the 90s,

efforts were made starting from the year 2000 to improve on the In this paper, efforts were made to analyze the challenges and evolve strategies existing infrastructure in the training schools. This culminated in the that, if implemented would lead to optimizing training to meet NAF operational upgrade of the 320 TTG to AFIT, but some challenges like inadequate requirement. Some of the strategies include; improved funding, available and hostel accommodation, laboratory equipment and research fellows serviceable equipment, Training of more instructors, Tour of duty, still remain. However, a lot of effort is still required to get the other Infrastructure, Yearly tactical exercises and leadership of the training schools to the international standards. establishments. The primacy of airpower should not be cast aside, thus the

NAF should use some retired officers to act as advocates of the NAF to the Nigerian Government, National Assembly and the Public. As you are all aware

h. Yearly Tactical Exercises. Tactical exercises are held by serious of the popular saying in an air force that, “Jet noise is the sound of freedom”. Air Forces in order to evaluate the training system. The exercise are However, in the last 20 years there has not been much Jet noise (military) over use to test the capability of each branch of the NAF to perform its role. the Nigerian Air Space. Thus, you are free to draw your conclusion on the state The reason is that an aircraft flying generates a lot of work down the of freedom in Nigeria.line. Moreover, the result of the exercise will be used in the operational research activity employing appropriate analytical tools.

RECOMMENDATION

As the findings of this paper have policy implications, it is therefore I. Leadership. According to Montgomery, leadership is the recommended that:capacity and will to rally men and women to a common purpose and

the character which inspires confidence. And Wess Roberts posits a. The AFP 248 should be reviewed.that leadership is the privilege to have the responsibility to direct the b. More funds should be allocated to Training.actions of others in carrying out the purposes of the organization at

c. Modern and serviceable equipment should be made available varying levels of authority and with accountability for both to training.successful and failed endeavours. Warren Bennis describe

d. Adequate number of instructors be trained eg establishment of leadership as character. Thus, emphasis is on performance. I have NAF CFS.deliberately left the issue of leadership last. The reason is that, it is

the strategy that webs all others to effective performance. Human e. Develop the intellectual capacity of personnel.being is the most important part of the loop. He defines all odds to

f. Tour of duty for instructors should not be more than 6 – 8 years achieve. Therefore, NAF leadership at all levels of training should

at any instance.display principle centred leadership for the success of the training

g. Develop more and befitting infrastructural facility in the systems. After all, the military profession is the profession of role Training Schools.modeling. Throughout military history, young officers would wish to

be like great generals, admirals, and marshals. In fact, if a flying h. Revisit the Technical Assistant Group Programme.instructor is very good, you will notice that many young pilots would i. Leaders in training institutions should be personnel with want to fly and speak like him. Likewise in other trade groups in the character.NAF. So we need to produce more role models for the NAF training

Napoleon once said that, “an army should sweat in training so as to bleed less in system.war”. The import of this assertion is that the NAF should invest heavily in training in order to meet its operational requirements in war and peace.

CONCLUSION

In conclusion, training is the development of knowledge, skill and attitude in an AVM Obierika delivered this paper at the 2009 Training Conference held at individual to accomplish certain tasks, safely and effectively, without risk to 303 Flying Training School, Kano.himself, equipment or other people. Thus, training is a very expensive business and particularly that of a NAF pilot. It costs a great deal in terms of time, energy, money and human resources. In order to make it more efficient and economical, we must ensure that our instructions are as effective as possible. Furthermore, training methods must change time to time according to the training policies

AIR TRAINER PAGE 31

Air Officer Commanding (AOC) Training Command, Air Executives in their effort to take the Association to greater Vice Marshal Mohammed Dikko Umar has lauded the heights. Philanthropic activities of the Nigerian Air Force Officers

Wives Association (NAFOWA) in promoting the standard of Earlier in her remarks, the President of the Association, Mrs living of NAFpersonnel and the underprivilegded in the society. Appolonia Petinrin informed the Air Officer Commanding (AOC)

and his Principal Staff Officers that they were in the Command He said, “the Association has done a lot in alleviating poverty Headquarters to inspect ongoing NAFOWA projects in Kaduna and should be emulated by other non-governmental and environs and also to make an assessment of achievements organisations (NGOS)”. AVM Umar gave the commendation recorded so far by the Association. She commended NAF Base recently while playing host to the National President of the Kaduna as the mother unit for all NAF personnel, stressing that Association, Mrs Apolonia Linda Petinrin and members of her the Base is privileged to benefit from the Association’s entourage who were on a familiarization visit to the Command humanitarian activities. Headquarters.

She added that all hands must be on deck in fighting poverty in He said that NAFOWA had over the years lived up to expectation the barracks by encouraging personnel wives to be more in line with its motto “Service to humanity” in providing self industrious and hardworking.employment to spouses of serving personnel and charged them not to relent in serving the NAF families and the society at large . Mrs Petinrin disclosed that the Association was working AVM Umar commended the president and her team for their assiduously to improve the standard of living among Air Force philanthropic work, saying that it takes commitment for anyone families, pointing out that the needy, must be assisted to give to engage in such activities. them a sense of belonging.

He assured the Association of the Command’s support of their She disclosed that arrangements were in top gear by the activities and charged them not to hesitate to call on the Association for an appeal fund launching and whatever money Command when the need arises. realize would be committed to the welfare of the less privilege in

the society.AVM Umar prayed for good health for the President and her

NAFOWA ACTIVITIES COMMENDED….. By SGT Fanzhi & Corper Aisha Abdullahi

The Air Officer Commanding Training Command AVM MD Umar interacting with the National President NAFOWA, Mrs Appolonia Petinrin, in his office.

AIR TRAINER PAGE 32

PICTURES OF NAFOWA ACTIVITIES

NAFOWA, Training Command Chapter, making a donation to an orphanage home to the less privilege children.

NAFOWA members interacting before making the donation.

Training Command NAFOWA Chapter Chairperson, Hajiya Aisha Umar Chatting with one of the staff of the orphanage home.

NAFOWA members at the presentation of items to the orphanage home.

NAFOWA members in a group photograph with children of the Adonai Orphanage Home.

Training Command Chapter Chairperson of NAFOWA, Hajiya Aisha Umar (middle) in a group photograph at the Adonia Orphanage and Widow Center.

AOC TC, AVM Umar with NAFOWA members in the Command Conference Room.

AOC TC, AVM MD Umar and Air Cdre AA Ogunnaike in a group photograph with NAFOWA Members when they visited the Command.

A NAFOWA member trying her hands on the computer.NAFOWA President being received at 335 BSG by some members.

Mrs Josephine Buhari briefing NAFOWA President, Mrs Petinrin.NAFOWA National President, Mrs Petinrin interacting with Mrs Aisha Umar and Mrs Okafor.

The wife of Executive Governor Kaduna State, Hajiya Amina Namadi Sambo in a group photograph with the visiting NAFOWA Members

NAFOWA members and officials of Adonai orphanage home after the presentation of gifts

AIR TRAINER PAGE 33

The relevance of evaluation in effective management of for effective performance in the inspection branch” so that resources in any corporate organization and indeed the there would be no shortage of staff and these would help the Armed Forces cannot be over-emphasized, Air Officer Branch in discharging its responsibilities.

Inspections (AOI) at Headquarters, Nigerian Air Force, Air Vice He disclosed that as part of efforts in ensuring that the

Marshal Ahmed Tijjani Mu'azu have said.Command Evaluation Officers discharge their duties creditably,

He said that, “It is only through evaluation that allocated the Branch was able to organize a training session that would resources could be utilized judiciously for the overall goal of assist them in reports preparations and policy formulations.any organisation.”

Speaking further, the AOI said it was the hope of the branch to The Air Officer Inspections gave this declaration when he paid ensure that the branch come up with good potentials for the a courtesy visit to the Air Officer Commanding (AOC) Training whole Air Force and assess the level of good evaluation at the Command, Air Vice Marshal Mohammed Dikko Umar. He Command level, stressing that the Command Evaluation stated that for effective role of the Inspections Branch in the Officers were expected to present good reports to achieve the Air Force, there was need for the Branch to embark on regular Chief of Air Staff vision for the Service.inspection tours of NAF Facilities Nation Wide.

Responding, AVM Umar commended the AOI for his efforts in AVM Mu'azu also observed that it was only through proper highlighting the roles of evaluation in ensuring effective management that plans, when drawn, would be effectively management in the entire Nigerian Air Force.executed for the benefit of the Nigerian Air Force.

He urged the team to scrutinise the Command activities and “We are working round the clock to ensure that Commands come up with areas where the Command was lacking and and units make adequate uses of the resources at their where the Command can build on.disposal.” He said.

He said the Command would work assiduously to achieve the The one time Commander 335 Base Services Group lauded goals of the Inspection Branch.the Command for the level of proper utilization of the

The AOI was accompanied on the tour by some of his Principal Command Evaluation team. He also disclosed that the Branch

Staff Officers. was working to improve staff efficiency and urged the AOC to assist the branch where necessary.

“In our effort, we are trying to incorporate other personnel from every speciality in the Nigerian Air Force into our branch

AVM MU’AZU EMPHASIZES ON THE IMPORTANCEEVALUATION

By SGT Fanzhi TC

AVM Ahmed Mu’azu

AIR TRAINER PAGE 34

ith effect from September 2010, the Nigerian Air Force Responding to a question on career progression in the Nigerian Air

would admit only 35 pupil per class in all its primary and Force, AVM Iruenabere charged personnel to avail themselves of the

secondary schools nationwide, Air Officer Administration opportunity offered by the Service and develop themselves WHeadquarters Nigeria Air Force, Air Vice Marshal Tomboyi Dick – academically.

Iruenabere has said. Commenting on the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS),

He said this would create conducive learning environment and avoid AVM Iruenabere stated that the Nigerian Air Force, in conjunction

overcrowding in classes which makes it difficult for teachers to with other Services, was working assiduously to ensure that drugs

effectively control the students. were always available in hospitals to carter for the health needs of

Air Vice Marshal Iruenabere dropped the hint in Kaduna while personnel and their families, adding that plans were underway to

holding durbar with NAF personnel in co-located units in Kaduna. introduce “sick parade book” that would ensure that personnel were

He stressed that for effective performance of students, the well attended to in NAF hospitals.

Directorate of Education have mapped out strategy to salvage the Speaking on discipline, AVM Iruenabere expressed satisfaction with

Educational career of children of personnel. Aside the number of the high level of discipline and charged personnel to keep the flag

pupils per class, the Air Officer Administration also disclosed that flying, pointing out that they should desist from any act that would

with the new policy on education, personnel wards would be given tarnish their image and that of the Nigerian Air Force at large.

priority for admission into NAF schools. He urged personnel to On security, the Air officer Administration charged the personnel to

always settle their children’s school fees to avoid any form of follow due process in settling disputes with civilian counterparts. He

embarrassment of sending their wards home which may affect their called on personnel to be security cautious and report any

performance. suspected character to higher authority for proper identification and

The Air Officer Administration added that the Directorate of action.

Education would ensure that only trained teachers were employed The Air Officer Administration who was accompanied by some

to ensure that children of personnel are given quality education, Directors, had earlier called on the Air Officer Commanding Training

since education is the bedrock of nation building. Command, Air Vice Marshal Mohammed Dikko Umar where he

AVM Iruenabere also disclosed that the Air Force was working round expressed appreciation to the Air Officer for the warm reception

the clock to ensure that the high standard attained in NAF schools accorded him and members of his team.

was maintained for others to emulate, pointing out that the Service The tour also took the Air officer Administration to the 325 Ground

can not compromise on performance and charged teachers in the Training Group were he was a former Commander and to 345 Aero-

various schools not to rest on their oars in ensuring that maximum medical Hospital.

performance is achieved.

NAF To Provide CONDUCIVE ENVIRONMENT FOR LEARNING – AOA

BY SGT FANZHI TC

AVM Tomboyi Dick-Iruenabere

AIR TRAINER PAGE 35

by Wg Cdr Ek Gabkwet

he Nigerian Air Force has concluded plans to helicopter pilots in Nigeria were foreigners and with establish an International Helicopter Training the establishment of the Helicopter training school, TSchool to be situated at 305 Flying Training jobs will be provided for qualified Nigerian. While

School, Nigerian Air Force, Enugu. When fully reassuring the delegation of his commitment and operational, the School will, not only admit personnel devotion to ensuring the success of establishing the of the NAF but also admit civilians both within Nigeria School, the Director General further stated that the and from other countries in the West African sub school, when established, will assist the Nigerian oil Region. It is in line with the above that the Chief of Air industry with indigenous helicopter pilots. Earlier, the Staff, Air Marshal Oluseyi Petinrin constituted a high DG was briefed on the level of infrastructural powered delegation, headed by the Air Officer development at the site of the proposed Helicopter Commanding Training Command, Air Vice Marshal school. So far, an aircraft hanger and shelter facilities Mohammed Dikko Umar to commence discussion to cater for 6 helicopters have been constructed while with the Nigerian Civil Aviation Authority (NCAA) on the accommodations for atleast 10 students are ready to modalities that must be met before the school finally be occupied. Fire prevention facilities at the school takes off. Leading a delegation comprising of senior are also very active. NAF officers with vast experience in helicopter flying training to NCAA Headquarters at Lagos, AVM Umar On the issue of accreditation of courses at the Air congratulated the Director General, Dr Harold Force Institute of Technology (AFIT), an institution that Demuren for the giant strides so far recorded in terms awards Masters Degree in avionics and other related of aviation safety in Nigeria. In particular, he courses in conjunction with Cranfield University, congratulated Dr Demuren on the prompt provision of United Kingdom, the Director General assured the information regarding the movement of a young NAF that the issue will be resolved before the end of Nigerian who attempted to bomb a US bounds plane March 2010, since an NCAA assessment team that recently. Responding, the Director General visited the institute recently have submitted a commended the Chief of the Air Staff for the steps he favourable report on the outcome of its inspection.has so far taken to revive the fortunes of the NAF and thanked him for always supporting the efforts of civil With regards to the issuance of flying licences to its aviation in Nigeria. He also said that he sees the pilots by 301 Flying Training School, NAF Base, cooperation between the NAF and NCAA as healthy for Kaduna, the Director general yet again reassured the the Nigerian Aviation sector. NAF that he would assist in ensuring that the school

become an Aviation Training Organisation (ATO). He With regards to the establishment of an International however directed that the school must ensure strict Helicopter Flying Training School, Dr Demuren compliance with all laid down rules and regulations assured the delegation that his organisation will pertaining to safety as safety can never be support the NAF. He observed that most civil compromised.

NAF COLLABORATES

WITH NCAA

AVM MD Umar presents a plaque to Dr. Harold Demuren

The Director General NCAA, Dr. Harold Demune(4 from left) in a group photograph with his staff

and the visiting NAF delegate.

A cross section of the visiting NAF delegate led by AVM MD Umar (3rd from left)during their deliberation with the DG of NCAA,

Dr. Harold Demune

AIR TRAINER PAGE 36

general adding that they should acquaint themselves with the hief of the Air Staff, Air Marshal Oluseyi Olusegun Petinrin has occurrences of their various units.said that the relevance of training and re-training of NAF

personnel cannot be over emphasized, saying that the efforts CAir Marshal Petinrin noted that the current focus of the Service was taken by his administration was to regenerate knowledge based on

stmanpower development for the service in the 21 Century. to rebuild the operational capability of the Service which was a vital instrument of National power, pointing out that personnel should

Air Marshal Petinrin, who was speaking at the passing out parade of contribute towards realizing this vision in the interest of our beloved the Basic Military Training Course 26/2009, noted that the NAF was Country.a highly technical Service that requires highly trained personnel to maintain the sophisticated platforms in its inventory. He advised the The Chief further advised the recruits to be prudent, accountable gradaunts to develop themselves by taking advantage of the various and handle Service equipment with care, stressing that the NAF areas of specialties in the NAF such as communication, armament, would not tolerate any act of negligence and wastage. He also urge air traffic control, administration and supply, adding that the military them to cultivate a harmonious relationships with their civilian training they have acquired was a basic foundation which they counterparts and other security agents, pointing out that the Armed should consolidate upon for a productive service in the NAF. Forces was responsible for the protection of the Nation's democracy

and must be subordinate to constituted authorities. Speaking further, Air Marshal Petinrin disclosed that the military profession was such a career that calls for integrity, honour, Highlights of the ceremony were the presentation of awards to diligence, courage and absolute loyalty which they must strive recruits who distinguished themselves during the training. A total of through hard work and selfless dedication to duty. According to the Five Hundred and two recruits graduated Chief, “You must not forget that the military profession is quite enormous, realizing that would demand much from you and even to the extent of paying the supreme price for the sake of your country. There is therefore no room for individual or group indiscipline”.

While congratulating the personnel, Air Marshal Petinrin urged them to contribute their quota to the current scheme of events at unit level and the Service in

CAS REITERATES THE RELEVANCE OF TRAINING

BY Sgt FanzhI TC &Corper Aisha Tanko

By SGT FANZHI TC

AIR TRAINER PAGE 37

PEACE AND

SECURITY AS AVENUE FOR DEVELOPMENT

- Gov Namadi Sambo

Peace and security is the only avenue to sustainable development where citizens can enjoy the much needed dividends of democracy, Governor Namadi Sambo of

Kaduna State have said.He made this declaration when he received members of the Senate Committee on the Nigerian Air Force, who paid him a courtesy visit at Sir Kashim Ibrahim House, Kaduna.

According to the Governor, Kaduna States in its effort to ensure security of lives and properties established “Operation Yaki,” a security outfit comprising members of the Armed Forces and the Police and thanked the Federal Government for supporting the State's initiative in combating criminal activities.

Governor Sambo called on the Committee to provide adequate support and facilities to the Air Force considering the importance of air power in nation building, stressing that no country could afford to operate with a weak defence sector.

The Governor noted that when citizens of a state are well secured, they would always contribute their quota and have a sense of belonging. He thanked all collaborating security agencies in the State for providing their manpower to participate in Operation Yaki.

Earlier in his welcome remark, the Chairman of the Senate Committee on NAF, Senator Audu Idris Mohammed had intimated the Governor on their mission in Kaduna, which was to inspect NAF facilities in Kaduna and to see areas that would be consolidate upon, considering the importance of the NAF in protecting the territorial integrity of the Nation.

He commended Governor Sambo for the initiatives taken to combat criminal activities in the State and the cordial relationship the NAF enjoys enjoy with the State Government while calling on other States to emulate same.

Senator Mohammed disclosed that his Committee was working round the clock to improve welfare packages of members of NAF as well as ensuring that it becomes airborne soon.

Similarly, while receiving the Committee in his office, Air Officer Commanding Training Command, Air Vice Marshal Mohammed Dikko Umar said the Command, which was tasked with the responsibility of providing training for NAF personnel, would need to refurbish some of its aircraft in order to enhance training in the NAF. He thanked the Committee for supporting the NAF and said such should be sustained.

The Senate Committee also inspected facilities at 333 Logistics Group where they were conducted round by the Commander of the Group, Air Commodore Eko Osim.

A cross section of the graduating students of AFGCS Jos.

AIR TRAINER PAGE 38

rrangements have been concluded for the Armed He commended, especially members of the Nigerian Air Force Forces Command and Staff College (AFCSC) Jaji – Officers Wives Association (NAFOWA) for demonstrating their Kaduna to award masters degree to its senior course togetherness to him and urged the Air Officer Commanding to A

student's in preparing them to take up staff and command extend his warm appreciation to the Command Chapter appointments at various levels in their respective services. Chairperson of the Association and the National President of

the Association.Commandant of the College, Air Vice Marshal Sunday Ali Leks disclosed this when he paid a courtesy visit to the Air Officer Responding, Air Officer Commanding, Training Command, Air Commanding Training Command, Air Vice Marshal Vice Marshal Mohammed Dikko Umar prayed for repose of Mohammed Dikko Umar. the soul of Mrs. Susan Leks who answered the glorious call

championing the course of the less privileged through the To achieve this, “The college would collaborate with the Nigerian Air Force Officers wives Association (NAFOWA). He Nigerian Defence Academy (NDA) since the duo have been described the deceased as a mother to all who come across mandated to produce officers for the Armed Forces.”her and charged Air Vice Marshal Leks to accept the demised

AVM Leks said it became necessary to update the training of his wife as an act of God.programme of the College, considering how it started from the

AVM Umar described the appointment of AVM Leks as well grass root and how over the years the College had attained deserved, pointing out that he was appointed based on his international standards which can be compared with similar hard work and wealth of experience which he hoped AVM Leks Institutions in the world.would bring to bear in his effort to take the College to greater

AVM Leks disclosed that the College, which began as an Army heights.Staff College had metamorphosed into what is today known as the Armed Forces Command and Staff College with sister African countries participating in its courses. He expressed appreciation to the Air Officer Commanding for the cordial relationship existing between the College and the Command and hope that the existing relationship would be sustained.

AVM Leks who was on familiarization tour of military th

formations in Kaduna, shortly after assuming duty as the 18 Commandant of the College stressed that his posting to the College was like a home coming, having served as a Director not too long ago.

The Commandant further expressed his appreciation to the Air Officer Commanding and his staff officers for standing by him during his period of grieve stressing that the Air Force demonstrated the spirit of oneness and hoped that such co-operation would be sustained.

AFCSC TO AWARD MASTERS DEGREE – COMDT SGT FANZHI TC

AVM MD Umar and AVM SA Leks at HQ TC Conference room.

AVM SA Leks(4th from right) and AVM Umar in a group photograph with other senior officers.

Commandant Armed Forces Command and Staff College, AVM SA Leks signs the visitors book at HQ TC.

AIR TRAINER PAGE 39

Education has been described as the only human factor for In his remarks, Chairman of the occasion and Deputy Governor of sustainable development since it is the bedrock of Nation Kaduna State, Patrick Ibrahim Yakowa said one of the 11 points building. agenda of the State Government was to promote education to the

highest level, stressing that without education, no meaningful Seasonal Educationist and Senior Lecturer at the Department of

development would be achieved as it is the foundation of any nation. Technical Education, College of Science and Technology, Kaduna

Represented by the Director of Schools in the State Ministry of thPolytechnic, Mrs Aisha Jimeta dropped the hint at the 25 Education, Alhaji Abubakar Tanko, the Deputy Governor said that

graduation ceremony of the Air Force Secondary School Kaduna education is a joint responsibility and all hands must be on deck to

recently.promote the sector.

Speaking on the topic “Life in Higher Institutions,” the Educationist In his remark at the occasion, Chairman of Parent, Teachers

said, ”Education is the only yardstick for human development and Association (PTA) of the school, Mr SI Bello said the association was

should be seen as relevant by parents who should work hard to doing everything within available resources to uplift the standard of

ensure their children and wards received the best education in their the school. He said, in the last two years, the Association was able

lives.”to provide some infrastructures in the school, and they would not

While congratulating the students, the lecturer urged them to relent in promoting the standard of the school.choose courses that would interest them in pursuing their dreams,

Also speaking at the occasion, Air Officer Commanding Training pointing out that when given a course, they could meet with the

Command, Air Vice Marshal Mohammed Dikko Umar said that the counseling unit for further advice on such courses.

Nigerian Air Force would continue to contribute to education in all Mrs Jimeta stressed the need for the country’s education system to NAF formations “as part of our effort to ensure that our wards have have an attitude of change for the better and charged government the best education they deserve.”and other stakeholders in the system to have a new approach

Represented by the Senior Air Staff Officer (SASO) Training towards restoring the lost Glory in the system.

Command, Air Commodore Akinola Ogunnaike, the AOC said the She also charged teachers, government and parents to have a Chief of the Air staff would continue to give his support to the school positive attitude towards the educational system as this was the in producing good ambassadors that would be leaders of our great only system that would give one a sense of belonging. nation.

Speaking further, the Guest Lecturer adviced the graduating Earlier in her welcome address, the Commandant of the School, students to always create time for their studies and shun any vices Group Captain Jummai Musa said that in the last year Senior capable of tarnishing their image and that of their guardians, adding School Certificate Examination (SSCE) results showed that the that they should shun examination malpractices as any one found in school recorded 95.3% success and that the school management such habit, would be dealt with. would work assiduously to improve on the performance in an effort

to re-brand the school. She applauded the Nigerian Air Fore for “Make sure you prepare very well for all examinations and follow

providing a conducive learning environment for the students and examination rules and regulations. Do not do anything that will

boasting the moral of the teachers.breach the regulations, or else you will he expelled from the institution” she said. She said that to further encourage the staff to contribute their quota,

the school would need a well equipped laboratory, a staff car and an Speaking on dress code, Mrs Jimeta admonished the students that

administrative block. Group Captain Musa disclosed that since “Higher institutions attach great importance to dress code that

inception in 1983, the school had produced competent graduates would project good image and personality.

in various fields of endeavours who are occupying strategic Commenting on social vices, the Guest Lecturer charged the positions in economy.graduating students to shun cultism and drug abuse as their effect

Highlight of the graduation ceremony was the presentation of could destroy their dreams of becoming future leaders.

awards to deserving students who distinguished themselves in While praying for the management of the school, Mrs Jimeta various subjects and responsibilities. One hundred and one charged the students to always have faith in God as He is the students graduated at the occasion.bedrock of any success.

EDUCATION IS THE BEDROCK

OF NATION BUILDING -Mrs Aisha Jimeta

AIR TRAINER PAGE 40

Governor Ibrahim Shekarau of Kano State has call on the Federal progress for personnel in the Nigerian Air Force.Government to consider repositioning the Armed Forces through AVM Umar stressed that in line with the Chief of the Air Staff effective training, equipment and budgetary allocations. vision of ensuring the operational capability of the Air Force, the Shekarau who spoke while opening the 2- day Training need for effective training cannot be neglected, calling on the Conference organized by Training Command of the Nigerian Air participants to contribute meaningfully on issues that would take Force in Kano recently. the Command and the Nigerian Air Force at large to greater The Governor said that the armed forces of any nation is the heights.bedrock and frontier of security against any external aggression. He added that at the end of the Conference, it was hoped that the He stressed that a well equipped, highly trained and motivated resolutions reached would help to improve training activities in armed forces was the pride of any nation and should be the Nigerian Air Force.dedicated to their clarion call in discharging their constitutional duties, adding that, “It is the primary responsibility of the Federal Government to ensure the well- being of any organisation, especially the Armed Forces.”

Governor Shekarau who was represented at the occasion by the Special Assistant on Private Schools and Vocational Education, Alhaji Ado Umar Mohammed, stressed that professionalism could be sustained through continuous training and evaluation.

Governor Shekarau disclosed that Kano State would continue to support the activities of personnel of the Nigerian Air Force.

The Conference with the theme “Enhancing Operational Capability through effective training” was aimed at evolving policies that would improve effective training in the Nigerian Air Force.

Also speaking at the Conference, Chief of the Air Staff, Air Marshal Oluseyi Petinrin expressed appreciation to the administration of President Umaru Musa Yar'Adua for supporting the Service in its training activities.

He disclosed that the Service would continue to protect the nation's nascent democracy and assured that training would be given priority as without effective training no air force would achieve maximum performance, stressing that every good foundation depends on the training of its personnel.

The Chief of the Air staff, who was represented by the Air Officer Operations at Headquarters Nigerian Air Force, Air Vice Marshal Anene Okafor disclosed that the Service would update its training policy to make it relevant to other air forces in the globe.

He said, “In line with the Federal Government 7- point agenda and vision 202020, manpower development and operational readiness of the Nigerian Air Force would be pursud with vigour.”

Earlier, in his welcome remarks, Air Officer Commanding Training Command, Air Vice Marshal Mohammed Dikko Umar, had said the aim of the conference was to improve training and career

SHEKARAU WANTS ARMED FORCES

REPOSITIONEDBY SGT FANZHI TC

His ExcellencyIBRAHIM SHEKARAU

Executive Governor, Kano State

AIR TRAINER PAGE 41

diverges from the command role. rom ancient times to the present Command merely vests the leader with day, the world has witnessed the authority to define and order the Frise and fall of kingdoms and accomplishment of an objective. nations due largely to the deeds and Achieving it requires the additional misdeeds of their leaders. Various influence of leadership. Ideally, the leaders employ different styles of leader sets the standard for command leadership at different times in varying through personal examples and shared situations. In the military, which is our sacrifice. noble profession, success depends on

the appropriate combination of qualities A military leader therefore is the brain, of a skillful leader.the motive power of command, upon

whom subordinates rely for guidance and Major General Thomas Jackson wisdom and depend upon for good described the essence of military judgment. He must be determined, leadership when he stated that “The unflappable and charismatic, confident ability to prepare or get ready to fight, skill in delegation of authority able to combine in actual fighting and will to prevail in the various strands of command into combat against a foe, are the critical common thread, seasoned, intelligent dimensions of leadership”. General Crea, Military leadership and command are two and thoughtful. Military leadership also is a Canadian Officer also stated that “the closely linked elements. It is difficult, if a continuous process that extends well highest responsibility of an officer in the not impossible to consider one without beyond the battle field. Its application Armed Forces is to effectively lead and considering the other. Battle represents and cultivation are as important in times command his men in all types of the severest test of a commander's of peace as in war.operations”. Hence, command and mastery of leadership doctrine, for the

leadership are fundamental ingredients c o m m a n d e r m u s t s t i m u l a t e When judging the qualities of leadership, of warfare, without which the success of subordinates to do things that would there is a tendency to think of the gifted any military operation cannot be assured. imperil their health, even cost them their or natural leader, involving some

lives. It is here that the leadership role

COMMAND AND LEADERSHIP IN THE MILITARY: MY PERSPECTIVE

By AVM MD Umar

Air Vice Marshal MD Umar

AIR TRAINER PAGE 42

INTRODUCTION

expectation that leadership is an exert influence. A commander sets the harm's way and by killing or trying to kill

inherent personality quality that some objective(s), marshals his forces and other people.

have and others have not. However, it ensures that objects are achieved

has been observed that certain principles efficiently, effectively and in accordance Seven vectors influence Command.

of leadership could be taught, given the with directive(s) of higher headquarters. These are mission, situation, resources,

proper lessons from military history. It is Great responsibility goes with command organization, planning, control and

in this regard that the teaching of and positions. NATO on its part defined leadership. The relative importance of

leadership process becomes necessary command as “the authority vested in an the vectors for military operation

in order to equip future leaders with individual for direction, coordination and depends on the mission, level of

relevant leadership skills to enable them control of military forces”. Clausewitz command and situations. However, for

render dedicated service to the nation. sees it simply as “leadership in war”. this presentation, command is expressed

This paper aims at discussing my primarily through its leadership vector. It

perspective on command and leadership Martin Van Creveld also stresses that, is also in military leadership that

in the military with a view to suggesting command meets the ultimate of

ways on how to be a good commander inspiring people to perform their duties

and a leader. a n d c o n t r i b u t e t o m i s s i o n

accomplishment. Without leadership,

SCOPE all other vectors of command are

impotent.

To achieve this aim, the following shall

be addressed CONCEPT OF LEADERSHIP

a. Concept of Command and Leadership has been conseptualized to

Leadership. connote different ideas to different

b. Factors that affect command. people. Some say leaders are made not

c. W h a t m a k e s a g o o d born. Definitions of military leadership

commander? generally describe what a good leader

d. Factors of leadership and does, not necessarily what leadership is.

types. According to current U.S Army doctrine,

e. What makes a good leader? 'Leadership is the process of influencing

f. Relationship between a good others to accomplish the mission by

commander and a good leader. providing purpose, direction and

g. How to be a good commander motivation.' Traditionally, applying those

and leader. skills competently has been achieved

through intensive theoretical and

CONCEPT OF COMMAND practical training.

The concept of command transcends Xenophon a pupil of Socrates, who led 'Command is both an organizational and ages in the military and as mentioned the retreat of the two thousand from cognitive ability… an ideal command earlier, it is inseparable from leadership. Persia to Greece in 400 BC believed it concept involves the political objective However, the defining line could be was highly indicative of good leadership being articulately interpreted as identified. 'Command is simply to have for a group to obey someone without commander's intent and fully executed authority or jurisdiction over; to give an coercion and be prepared to remain by by the subordinates'. Command is both order or orders, to direct with authority; to him during times of danger. According to art and a science. It is a science because exercise power or authority, be in control, him “the true test of the effectiveness of it works in a deliberate and rational way act as a commander; power to control or the leader is whether people follow him to achieve a given end (the mission). It is dominate'. Among other things, on their own free will during time of great an art because it relies on persuading command involves forms of exercising hardship”. The impression given of people to engage willingly in irrational power. For example, the right to make leadership in this definition implies that a behaviour by putting themselves in appointments, allocate resources and leader has influence without exerting

Major General Thomas Jackson

AIR TRAINER PAGE 43

force of any kind. This definition certainly study, education, training and experience. The briefing could be held in small groups,

creates some complications since it is as this would help the unit grasp their role

FACTORS THAT AFFECT COMMANDdifficult to have influence without in making their task to succeed.

exerting force even if it is by inducement.

The Mission. One o f the most The People. Not knowing your

misunderstood factor that affects Whatever the case may be, and personnel is detrimental to command.

command is the mission of the unit both according to Bass theory of Leadership, Regardless of the initial meeting you have

in wartime and peacetime. This is there are three basic ways to explain how with your personnel, the only effective

because it is assumed that everyone in people become leaders. The first two way you can really get to know the

the unit understands the unit's mission. explain the leadership development for a professionals who work for you is to get

Understanding the mission of your unit small number of people. These Theories out of your office (something many

may not be as easy and clear as you are: commanders admit is their overall

might think, particularly in this twenty-a. Some personality traits may lead weakness), and do it often. The

people naturally into leadership roles. members of the unit may not know who

This is the Trait Theory. you are and may have seen you once in

b. A crisis or important event may their lives during your change of

cause a person to rise to the occasion, command ceremony. Endevour to

which brings out extraordinary obtain a quick snapshot of the unit by

l e a d e r s h i p q u a l i t i e s i n a n obtaining a simple roll call roster from

ordinary person. This is the great Event your admin officer as this shows how the

Theory. unit is organised currently with who the

c. People can choose to become key players are. From these you can

leaders. People can learn leadership easily reorganise the personnel to fit

skills. This is the Transformation your vision to achieve unit's mission.

Leaderhip Theory. It is the mos t Therefore the proverb of command aptly

widely accepted theory today and the fits this factor.

premise on which this lecture would be “Proverb for Command”

based. ”Its your job to ensure the mission gets

done, and you certainly cannot do it

Therefore, in this paper, leadership is a without the personnel in your command.

process by which a person influences Loyalty works both ways – up and down

others to accomplish an objective and the chain of command. Just as you owe

directs the organisation in a way that your unfettered opinion to your boss,

makes it more cohesive and coherent. and have the moral courage to disagree

Leaders carry out this process by with him privately, you must also express

applying their leadership attributes, the same courage to your personnel.

such as beliefs, values, ethics, Your unit doesn't operate in vacuum and

characters, knowledge and skills. Even neither should you. Encourage debate first century environment of rapid

though your position as a commander, a and differing opinion from those who changes. Several commanders have

manager or supervisor gives you the offer counsel and advise. Think carefully noted that, not every member of the unit

authority to accomplish certain tasks and about every side of the issue and then did, in fact, know what the unit’s true

objectives in the orgranisation, this make a decision. Loyalty to superiors mission is and treated their services as

power does not make you a leader. It and subordinates does much more to just another job. This breach needs to be

simply makes you the boss, leadership ensure smooth-running peacetime ident i f ied ear l y and cor rected

differs in that it makes the followers want organisations. It prepares units for immediately. To correct this the

to achieve high goals. Good leaders are combat operations by building trust in commander needs to hold series of

made not born. If you have the desire leaders and leader's faith in personnel.” parades or meetings where the unit’s

and will power, you can become an mission are clearly delineated to every

effective leader. Good leaders develop - Lt Col Rollins Hickman personnel and civilians to understand.

through a never ending process of self-

Martin Van Creveld

AIR TRAINER PAGE 44

take over your new responsibilities. It is a The Chain of Command. C o m m a n d b. Hard Work. Unrelenting hard work.

good idea to explain fully to your family relationships at various levels in the unit Some persons have a natural capacity for

about your new command and how your is very important. The way a commander it; others have to develop it. No

new position may affect them, in that, knows from the start what is and what is outstanding success is ever achieved

the new challenges may involve late not is very important to those up in the without it.

nights or early morning phone calls, chain of command. As earlier stated, c. Personal Integrity. This covers a

extensive travels and of course long scheduling a meeting earlly during very wide field. To touch upon one or two,

delays at work etc.change of command enables a it means, for example, maintaning the

commander to start his or her tenure fully courage of one's convictions. By no

WHAT MAKES A GOOD COMMANDERaware of what had gone right and wrong means should this be confused with

before and in what directions he needed stubborn thinking. Stubborn thinking is

In late October 1947, Lt Col Le Roy to point his new unit. as outmoded as the oxcart. Its exact

Stefen wrote a General of the United opposite, resilient thinking, is Today's

“Proverb for Command” Must: a man must be able to

People want direction. They want to be accommodate his thinking quickly and

given challenging task, training in how accurately to his rapidly changing world;

to accomplish them, and the resources nevertheless, it must be his thinking, -

necessary to do them well. Effective not someone's else.

leaders strive to create an environment Personal intergrity also means moral

of trust and understanding that intergrity. Regardless of what appear to

encourage their subordinates to seize be some superficial ideas of present-day

t h e i n i t i a t i v e a n d a c t . conduct, fundamentally, today as always,

the man who is genuinely respected is

- US Army – FM – 22 - 100 the man who keeps his moral integrity

sound; who is trustworthy in every

The Unit Environment. P r i o r respect. To be successful, a man must

knowledge of the unit's environment trust others; and a man cannot trust

affects command. Some officers took others, who does not trust himself.

command of units having had previous

working experience in the unit. This FACTORS OF LEADERSHIP

equally helps in learning the units'

mission, its past leadership, the Basically, there are four major factors of

personnel and past relationships in the leadership. These are: Followers,

environment. This knowledge in most Leader, Communication and Situation.

cases makes the art of command

advantageous. However, failure to use a. F o l l o w e r s .

these past knowledge of unit Different people require different styles

environment could be very detrimental of leadership. For example, a new hire or State Army Henry H 'Hap' Arnold

to the objectives of the unit. As a young soldier requires more supervision regarding a good commander. The

commander knowing your environment than an experience soldier. A person advise given to him by the General which

allows you to recognise the challenges as who lacks motivation requires a different are still very relevant in our today's

well as knowing how to mitigate against approach than one with high degree of environment are as follows:

them to the best of your ability. This also motivation. You must know your

allows you the freedom to move on to personnel. The fundamental starting a. Basic Knowledge. E xac t c l e a r

other important matters. point is having a good understanding of knowledge; not a hazy smattering. This

human nature, such as needs, emotion kind of knowledge is the basics of your

Your Family. While talking about and motivation. You must come to know profession; of every assignment you are

factors that effects command, it is your employee or soldier's be, know and given, - this is your ”technique”; this

important not to forget the family. Their do attributes.constitute your “tool”.

lives can change substantially as you b. Leader. You must have an

Xenophon

AIR TRAINER PAGE 45

honest understanding of who you are, Relationship). Leaders in this category The most desirious place for a leader is to

what you know, and what you can do. are very much task oriented and are hard be in the category of a team leader.

Note that it is the followers, not the on their workers (authocratic). There is However, do not entirely dismiss the

leader who determines if a leader is little or no allowance for cooperation or other three categories as certain

successful. If they do not trust or lack collaboration. Heavily task oriented situations might call for one of them. For

confidence in their leader, then they will people display these characteristics: they example, by playing the impoverished

be uninspired. To be successful you have are very strong on schedules; they expect leader, you allow your team to gain self-

to convince your followers, not yourself or people to do what they are told without reliance. As authoritarian leader you

your superiors, that you are worthy of questions or debate; when something instill a sense of discipline in an

being followed. goes wrong, they tend to focus on who is unmotivated worker. Notwithstanding,

c. Communication.Y o u l e a d to blame rather than concentrate on you must be careful to study the situation

through two-ways communication. exactly what is wrong and how to prevent and the forces affecting it in order to

Much of it is non-verbal. For instance, it; they are intolerant of what they see as achieve the desired result as a good

when you “set example,” that dissent (it may just be someone's leader.

communicates to your people that you creativity), so it is difficult for their “Proverb for Leadership”

would not ask them to perform anything subordinates to contribute or develop. Weak leaders who have not trained their

that you would not be willing to do. What b. Team Leadership (High Task, High subordinates sometime say, “My

and how you communication either Relationship). This type of leaders organisation can't do without me”. Many

builds or harms the relationship between lead by positive example and endeavour people, used to being at the centre of the

you and your personnel. to foster a team environment in which all action begin to feel as if they're

e. Situation. All situations are team members can reach their highest indispensable. You have heard them, I

different. What you do in one situation potential both as team members and as can't take a day off. I have to be there all

will not always work in another. You must people. They encourage the team to the time. I must watch my subordinate's

use your judgement to decide the best reach goals as effectively as possible, every move, or who knows what will

course of action and the leadership styles while also working tirelessly to strenghten happen”. But no one is irreplaceable.

needed for each situation. For example, the bond among various team members. The armed forces is not going to stop

you may need to confront a personnel for They normally form and lead some of the functioning because one leader no

inappropriate behaviour, but if the most productive teams. matter how senior or central steps aside”

confrontation is too late or too early, too c. Country Club Leader (Low Task, High - Army Field Manual (FM) 22 - 100

harsh or too weak, then the result may Relationship). This category of leaders

WHAT MAKES A GOOD LEADERprove ineffective. use predominantly reward power to

maintain discipline and encourage the

What makes a good leader? In However, various forces will affect these team to accomplish its goals. Conversely,

otherwords words leadership traits are factors. Example of the forces are your they are almost incapable of employing

necessary for you and your troop's relationship with your seniors, the skill of the more punitive, coercive and

survival. This has to do with that quality your personnel, the informal leaders legitimate powers. This inability results

which makes somebody stand out and within your units, and how your unit is from fear that using such powers could

command the respect of the followers. organised. jeopardize relationships with other team

As earlier stated and for emphasis sake, members.

TYPES OF LEADERSHIP Impoverish Leader (Low Task, Low to inspire your men into higher levels of d.

Relationship). teamwork, there are certain things you Leaders who use

As senior officers of the armed forces, I must BE, KNOW, and DO. To help you BE, “delegate and disappear” management

know you are very conversant with types KNOW and DO, there are many principles style. Since they are not committed in

of leadership and terms used to discribe of leadership you must follow. Some of either task accomplishment or

them. Nevertheless, I am going to the principles that make a person a great maintenance they essentially allow their

categorise types of leadership as the leader are:team to do whatever it wishes and prefer

authoritarian, team leader, country club to detach themselves from the team

leader and the impoverish leader. a. K n o w Yo u r s e l f a n d S e e k -process by allowing the team to suffer

Improvement. In order to know yourself, from series of power struggles.

a. Authoritarian Leader (High Task, Low you have to understand your BE, KNOW

AIR TRAINER PAGE 46

and, DO attributes. Seeking self- knowledge, attempting to help fulfill the m. Know your Troops and Look out for

improvement means continual ly needs of the personnel, superiors, etc. A their Well-being.

strengthening your attributes. This can responsive leader uses his or her A good leader must know the human

be accomplished through self-study, influence to solve problems for his or her nature and the importance of sincerely

formal classes, ref lect ion, and personnel, often before even being asked. caring for his troops.

interaction with others. h. Consistency.L e a d e r s h i p n. Develop a Sense of Responsibility in

b. Be Technically Proficient. As a effectiveness is impossible without the Troops. A good leader must help

leader, you must know your job and have consistency. Every leader has an develop good character trait that will help

a cordial familiarity with your personnel approach that is unique to them. Do not the troops carry out their professional

tasks. change your personal style radically; after responsibilities.

c. Have Good Commun ica t i on all, it got you in a leadership position. o. Train as a Team. Tr a i n i n g a s

Skill. Communication is the way to be Your expectations, though subject to team help in the understanding of

a great leader. The reason is simply; if modification based on the ever-changing assigned task. Therefore, a good leader

the leader possess other leadership environment should remain as constantly must train as a team.

qualities but fails to communicate well, as possible. Keep things simple and p. Use the full Capabilities of Your

he will never be a great leader. consistent. Troops. By developing team spirit, a

Communicate with both senior and junior i. Have the Ability to Stand Against good leader would be able to employ the

cadre in the unit. Critics. As success rate increases, your unit to its fullest capability.

d. Honesty. The most valuable asset critics multiply and become louder.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN A of a leader is honesty. A leader Come to peace with the fact that you will

must be honest with both his always have a camp of people who GOOD COMMANDER AND A LEADER

subordinates and superiors; this brings criticize every decision you make. They

out the integrity in a leader. This also are generally the ones who are excellent I strongly believe that, the understanding

brings out the leader “above all else”. problem-ident i f iers rather than of the relationship between a good

e. Visionary. A good leader must be problems-solvers. Develop your skill of commander and a leader would help us

able to look beyond where the unit is repelling such critics so that they do not understand the essence of this lecture.

today, and know where to take the unit to diminish your confidence or enthusiasm. In one hand, classically, command is a

tomorrow, and be able to use the vision to It takes focus and confidence not to be process, which translates physically into

move the unit forward. In other words, adversely effected by criticism. Strong giving orders, coordination and control as

adding value to what he or she met on leaders learn the art of listening to critics, well as organizing resources, etc. On the

ground. but ultimately making decisions for the other hand, leadership, though a process,

f. Mental Toughness. No one can good of the unit, not to simply please the influences others to accomplish an

lead without being criticized or without critics. objective while making the organization

facing discouragement. A potential j. Seek Responsibility and Take cohesive and coherent. Command

leader needs mental toughness. I am Responsibility for Your Actions. Search therefore evolves in the form of activities,

not talking of a mean leader, but a tough- for ways to guide your unit to new height, while leadership evolves in the form of

minded leader who see things as they are and when things go wrong, they always attributes. However, both are strongly

and will pay the price. Leadership do sooner or later, do not blame others. inter-related in that people, resources

creates a certain separation from one's Analyze the situation take corrective and objectives are the cardinal

peers. The separation comes from action, and move onto the next challenge. ingredients. Consequently, the end point

carrying responsibility that only you can k . M a k e S o u n d a n d T i m e l y of the relationship is using the people

carry. A leader must be able to keep his Decisions. A good leader uses and the resources to achieve the

or her own counsel until the proper time. good problem solving, decisive making organization's objective with best result.

g. Talk Less, Act More. Action speaks and planning tools.

louder than words. Leaders must be able l. Set the Example. A good leader is The exercise of good command and the

influence of good leadership allow the to put aside their concerns to listen to a good role model for the troops. They

unit to:their personnel. However, knowing what must not only hear what they are

is going on, and identifying the needs of expected to do, but also see. According

a. Attain set goals. That is performing your personnel is not sufficient. The to Mahatma Gandhi “we must become

its assigned task.responsive leader acts upon that the change we want to see.”

AIR TRAINER PAGE 47

b. Allows resources to be properly and relationships, rewards and rites that take generally considered as a fundamental

effectively utilized. place. ingredient of warfare, without which the

c. Provide proper feedback and outcome of any military operation cannot

evaluation mechanism. 31. Simply, let me summarily leave be assured. Leadership is a vector of

d. Allows proper management of you with a command and leadership command and is about a positive

information. framework to guide you: relationship between a leader and the

e. Prov ide good subord inat ion - BE - KNOW - DO followers in achieving an objective. I

influence and discipline, and consider it necessary for a leader to

f. Allows proper planning, coordination a. BE a professional. Examples: Be understand the standards, know himself,

and control actions. loyal to the armed forces, perform human nature and his job. The qualities

sel f less serv ice, take personal that a leader should possess include

HOW TO BE A GOOD COMMANDER responsibility. trust, vision, judgment, courage and

b. BE a professional who possess proficiency amongst others. Factors that AND LEADER

good character traits. Examples: affect command were also enumerated.

Honesty, competence, candor, These include the mission, the people, 29. Every organization has its

commitment, integrity, courage, the chain of command, the unit particular and peculiar work environment

straightforwardness and imagination. environment as well as your family. What based on its task and objectives. This

c. KNOW the four factors of makes a good commander and factors of dictates to a considerable level how

leadership. This is follower, leader, leadership as well as leadership types commanders and leaders respond to the

communication and situation. were also highlighted.challenges and opportunities available in

d. KNOW yourself. Examples: the organization. As the Air Officer

strengths and weakness of your 33. Thereafter, some points on what Commanding Training Command,

character, knowledge and skills. makes a good leader was discussed and Nigerian Air Force, Kaduna, my

e. KNOW human nature. Examples: the relationship between a good perspective of command and leadership

Human needs, emotions and how people commander and a good leader was are viewed through three types of actions.

respond to stress. enumerated. Some tactical actions on These are:

f. KNOW your job. Examples: be how to be a good commander and a

proficient and be able to train others in leader were also highlited It is important a. The goals and the performance

their tasks. to note that my perspective of command standard I have established for my

g. KNOW your units. Examples: and leadership are viewed on the goals Command.

where to go for help, its climate and and performance standard I have set for b. The values I have established for

culture, who the unofficial leaders are. my command, the values and the my Command.

h. DO provide direction. Examples: personnel, resources management and c. The personne l , resourses

goal setting, problem solving, decision the objectives l have established to attain. management and objectives attainment I

making and planning. Finally, I proposed a guide under 3 broad have established for my Command.

i. Do implement. Example: headings of what a leader must BE, what

c ommun i ca t i o n , c oo r d i na t i o n , he must KNOW, and what he must DO. As 30. Successful commands have

supervision and evaluating. future commanders, It is therefore my commanders who set high standards and

believe that the issues raised in this goals across the entire spectrum such as

CONCLUSION presentation if imbibed and further strategies, plans, meetings and

studied by you, would go a long way to presentations, quality and reliability. In

32. In conclusion gentlemen, it has making you good commanders and the case of values, this reflects the

been identified in this presentation that leaders.concern I have for my officers and men as

command is a full time responsibility that well as civilians. In addition, the

subsumes duties of a leader while surrounding communities are not

leadership is a full-time duty that is neglected. The values define the

influence by command directives. I manner on how my Command is

concluded that command and leadership administered. These issues make up my

are so inextricably entwined that one personality or how the Command is

quality is bound to the quality of the other. observed by both insiders and outsiders.

It has been pointed out that leadership is This personality defines the roles, AVM MD Umar delivered this paper to students of Senior Course 32 of the Armed Force Command and Staff College, Jaji - Nigeria

AIR TRAINER PAGE 48

The prospect of organizational goal attainment depends environment which negatively impacted on economies around largely on the engagement and or enlistment of the right caliber the world by adversely affecting trade and investment flows of personnel in terms of both skill and level of competence. and the price of key export commodities. In response to the Even where the services of an individual with the prerequisite crisis, several actions are being taken at global level by the skill is engaged, such a personnel would still require some major economies with a view to addressing the root causes and measure of training to properly fit into the job and adapt to the the effects of the global economic and financial crises. The specific requirements of the employer-organization. Further measures include fiscal and monetary policy stimulus more, existing employees require some training from time to packages aimed at boosting global consumption and time in order to upgrade and or update their skills if they must investment demand in an effort to avoid to avoid a significantly continually remain relevant to the scheme and goal of the sharper global contraction than that which has already employer. This is more so given the dynamic trend that has occurred. The measures typically entailed reduction of interest become very evident in contemporary time consequent to the rates, tax cuts and increased Government spending in form of digital revolution. In effect, technology becomes increasingly bail-outs of strategic institutions and in some cases virtual and fast obsolete; and invariably, it is imperative that old ways nationalization. In addition, concrete steps are also now being of doing things must yield ground to new, improved and more taken to reform the regulatory and supervisory frameworks efficient methods. governing the financial sector. Further, the key multi-lateral

institutions such as the IMF and the World Bank have also been Recent developments in the global economic environment mandated to play a central role in leading the global response have added yet another dimension; the global economic to the crisis and evaluating the efficacy of the various measures meltdown with its attendant attributes and manifestations has that are being implemented.increased the number of uncontrollable variables that management must take cognizance of in its manpower policy – A direct result of the global economic meltdown has been the recruitment, training and development. Hence, if an emergence of recession in the global economy. Remarkably, organization must actualize its vision and fulfill its mission, such major economies as the United States of America, Japan, there is the need to put in place a system of manpower and most European countries have acknowledged that their development that is capable of meeting the challenges of the economies have entered into recession. Simply put, an present economic meltdown. economy is said to be in recession when it experiences

negative growth in the GDP for two consecutive quarters. The Global Economic Meltdown Gross Domestic Product is a measure of the value of all goods

and services produced within the confined of a country by both The global economic meltdown is an issue that has currently nationals and non nationals resident within that country.gained much of public attention. The genesis of the economic crisis which is largely financial in nature was precipitated by the Nigeria, like any of the developing economies has had its own collapse of the sub-prime mortgage market in the United States share of the spill over of the global economic meltdown. Unlike of America in 2008 and reverberated almost spontaneously in it was initially believed in official circle, Nigeria was not immune virtually all the world economies but with much profound from the negative consequences of the meltdown even though negative consequences on the larger or developed economies. the effect was not as severe. The recent move by the Central Sub-prime lending is the practice of lending, mainly in the form Bank of Nigeria to inject large chunk of money into five of the of mortgages for the purchase of residences, to borrowers who nation' commercial bank in an attempt to rescue them from total do not meet the usual criteria of borrowing at the lowest collapse is a glaring evidence. Beside, the revenue derivable prevailing market rate of interest. In credit risk analysis, every from oil, the nation's major foreign exchange earner has been loan request is subjected to the 5Cs of credit: Capital, rather unstable; there is a decline in inflow of foreign capital; Character, Capacity, Collateral and Condition. Another tool that scaling down of production in the real sector with the attendant is identical is C-A-M-P-A-R-I which implies Character, Ability, loss of job; volatility of exchange rate and high domestic Margin, Purpose, Amount, Repayment and Insurance. It is only inflation particularly in relation to imported goods, the after an acceptable score based on the above tools has been instability in the capital market, relatively low availability of ascertained, would a lender decide to lend. But these were credit particularly in the wake of recent CBN intervention to deliberately jettisoned under the sub-prime regime. salvage some banks that were exposed to excessive credit risk.

It was the rising delinquencies in the sub prime mortgage Manpower Training and Developmentmarket that triggered turbulences in the sub prime mortgage-backed securities market leading to a financial crisis which Without any iota of doubt, it is people who constitute an rapidly spread to other advanced economies. The financial organization; not physical structure or capital goods such as crisis subsequently created a recessionary economic machinery, equipment and tools. It is the personnel that will be

Evolving a Virile System of Manpower Development to Meet the Challenges of the Present Economic Meltdown

By Bamidele Adeboye Adepoju, Ph.D.

AIR TRAINER PAGE 49

INTRODUCTION

required to put other factors of production to work in order to term benefit. So, any shortfall in the budget considered actualize the goal of the establishment. Optimal output is appropriate and desirable for an organizational operational realizable only when the workforce is given appropriate and efficiency might, in the long run affect goal attainment.adequate training to make them effective and efficient. Hence, it is imperative for purposeful organizations to invest in The Nigerian Air Force: Mission and Visionmanpower training and development.

The mission of the Nigerian Air Force as stated in a publication Conventional training is required to cover essential work- is “Getting the force prepared for operations and successfully related skills, techniques and knowledge. The conventional conducting any operational task given”. Similarly, the vision of skill training is also referred to as the traditional training. The the Chief of Air Staff is “To rebuild the operational capability of objective of the conventional training is to make an individual the Nigerian Air Force for effectiveness and efficient perform assigned task. Manpower development however goes employment as a vital instrument of national policy in a rapidly beyond the basic work-related skills; the conception is that the changing world”.most effective way to develop people is to enable learning and Remarkably, the said publication listed 'Knowledge – based personal development, with all that this implies. So, beyond the operations and Manpower Development' as one of the key basic work-related skills training, there is a focus on enabling drivers of the Chief of Air Staff's Vision. This underscores the learning and personal development for people as individuals – vital role of manpower training and development in the which extends the range of development way outside actualization of the NAF's mission and vision. In essence, traditional work skills and knowledge, and creates far more adequate resources must be committed to training and exciting, liberating, motivational opportunities – for people and development of air services personnel to ensure the realization for employers. of goal.

Further more, it is pertinent that NAF aligns its manpower There are many different training and development methods. training, and development programme with its strategic plan. Among the array of methods are: on-the-job training, informal The numerical strength and quality/competence of the training, classroom training, internal training courses, external personnel must necessarily be such as to ensure safe arrival at training courses, on-the-job coaching, mentoring, training its destinationassignment and tasks, skills training, product training, technical training, behavioural development training, role- The Challenges of Manpower Training and Development for playing and role-play games and exercises, attitudinal training the NAFand development, accredited training and learning, distance learning – which are all part of the training menu, available to The operational efficiency and effectiveness of the Nigerian Air use and apply according to individual training needs and Force is vital to assuring the discharge of its role as a major organizational training needs. wing of the security apparatus of the Nigerian nation. Yet the Training is also available far beyond and outside the classroom. role demands constant upgrading and updating of the More importantly, training – or learning, to look at it from the pertinent skills since the technology required for optimal trainee's view – is anything offering learning and performance undergoes improvement on a constant basis. In developmental experience. Training and learning development effect, the knowledge and skill of yesterday cannot be includes aspects such as: ethics and morality; attitude and employed to solve the problem of tomorrow. The need for behaviour; leadership and de termination, as well as skills and manpower training and development should not be knowledge. compromised.It should be understood that development isn't restricted to In order to make the best use of training opportunities, the training – it is anything that helps a person to grow, in ability, relevant authorities should carry out training needs analysis. skills, confidence, tolerance, commitment, initiative, inter- The ability to appropriately identify the training needs of personal skills, understanding, self control, motivation, and personnel is particularly important so as to ensure that the more. Invariably, what makes people effective and valuable to training received is very relevant for effective job performance. any organization is their attitude. Attitude includes qualities In this regard, NAF should need to plan for manpower that require different training and learning methods. Attitude requirements on a periodic basis. Consequently, the budget for stems from a person's mind-set, belief system, emotional manpower training and development would be based on such maturity, self-confidence, and experience. a plan. In the light of the global economic meltdown, both the legislative and executive arms of government make attempts to The Import of the Global Economic Meltdown for Manpower prune down the size of the budget for every agency given the Training and Development level of accruing revenues. The challenge facing the NAF

Authority therefore, is being able to sell ideas with regards to The global economic meltdown exerts some pressure on the funds required for the training and development organizational resources either directly or indirectly and so, programmes to the relevant governmental authorities. Further influences the extent to which financial resources could be more, it is equally pertinent to ensure judicious use of funds; committed to funding manpower training and development. particularly, being able to adequately plug potential areas of Consequent to the meltdown, budget cuts will most likely affect leakages and wastes. When air personnel are given the the amount to be voted for training and development. Further requisite training, the morale would, all things being equal, more, the effect of inflation on the value of the fund so voted is high and would most likely perform optimally.likely to be negative. In the same vein, the paucity of funds In conclusion, it is very important to stress that the current might equally influence the acquisition of equipments and global economic meltdown should not be an excuse for failing facilities for internal training. Thus, organizations might be to provide funds for the much needed training and tempted to drastically reduce their investment on manpower development programmes for personnel in the Nigerian Air training and development. Such an approach would however, Force or else, national security would be unwittingly be short sighted and counter productive because investment compromised.of resources on human capital development has a very long

AIR TRAINER PAGE 50

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AIR TRAINER PAGE 53

A University Don, Dr Teresa Nmadu of the University of even the institutions of higher learning.Jos have said that Education is the only field that add “On your part, you should ensure that you are of good value and potentials thereby empowering one for his or character and associates with people with good skills her future endeavours. that would improve your own” she adviced.Dr Nmadu made the declaration while speaking at the While congratulating the graduating students, she

th7 graduation ceremony of the Nigerian Air Force Girls charged them to keep good relationships as that could Comprehensive School Jos, recently. be a turning point in their lives, adding that for one to In a lecture delivered at the occasion titled “Marketing add value to his or her life, they should be around Yourself and Skill” Dr Nmadu said for one to add value, people with positive attitude.he or she must be well educated and discover the In his remarks Air Officer Commanding Training potentials in him, thereby giving him or her the Command, Air Marshal Mohammed Dikko Umar confidence to face every challenge in life. commended the Federal Government for the Idea of She observed that, until one discovers his or her Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and the gender potential, he or she cannot contribute meaningfully or equality project gear towards empowering women in the create impact in the society one belongs to and charged societies.the graduating students to see themselves as products He said that Nigerian Air Force in her effort to promote that companies would be interested to demand for; and education in her various schools employed the services should constantly seek to add values to themselves. of teachers to consolidate on the excellence and The University Don described marketing as an standards already attained, stressing that NAF would “Advertising and selling of a product” which is education continue to support the school in achieving its in their case and they should strive to attain the require objectives and dreams.standard of education that would give them a better skill While congratulating the management and teachers of for their lives stressing that, all one needs was to the school, AVM Umar charged them to strive towards discover his or her skills and utilize his or her talents in achieving excellence of the children.making you different among your peers and not relent in

He charged the students to be good ambassadors of the working towards achieving their skills.school, thereby inculcating the morals, values and

Commenting on who may need their good potentials sound discipline learned in the school.and talents, the lecturer said their potentials could be

f life gracing the occasion. better utilize by their immediate community, office and

EDUCATION ADDS

VALUE – UNIVERSITY DON SGT Fanzhi TC

AIR TRAINER PAGE 54

also obtained a diploma in Law from e d u c a t i o n a l u p l i f t m e n t o f t h e For Air Marshal Jonah Domfa Wuyep (Rtd) UNILAG. Mrs Wuyep further attended the underprivileged. This special attribute was and members of his family, the demise of Senior Administrative Course at the what led her to establish the Kazi Ndam their jewel of inestimable value about a Administrative Staff College of Nigeria Educational Foundation (KAZNEF). year ago gives them every reason to (ASCON) in 1989. Until her sudden Currently there are twenty (20) students celebrate a life well spent. Acknowledged demise, she was a final year student of who are beneficiaries of her scholarship first as a wife and mother, the deceased political science at University of Abuja with scheme in both Langtang North and have been described by those who knew barely six months to her graduation. Langtang South Local Government Areas. her as a philanthropist and a humanitarian Mrs Ladi Wuyep began her working career She gave support to the TAROHSA worthy of emulation. Here are a few of the on 1 August 1974 with the then Benue Educational campaigns in 2006 and 2007 tributes that poured in: '' She lived a very Plateau State Government as a and also built and donated a modern good and cheerful life. We will all miss her. Conf ident ia l Secretary w i th the primary school block to her alma mater in My prayer is that the Lord Almighty Establishment Division. In 1975, she got her native Pil Gani village. She was also consoles her family. It is indeed a great loss married to Air Marshal Jonah Dumfa Wuyep involved with networks for improvement of to Plateau State and the Nation at large;'' who was then a Lieutenant in the Nigerian the Environment such as the Green was how Mrs Pauline Tallen, Deputy Air Force. On joining her husband in Kano, Revolution. Indeed, she will be greatly Governor of Plateau State described her. she worked with the Kano State missed.''You touched the lives of many and your Government until 1979. She later joined She is survived by her husband, Air Marshal demise is a great loss to all;'' Arch PD the Federal Airport Authority of Nigeria Jonah Dumfa Wuyep (Rtd), an aged Gyang.'' My heartfelt condolence to the (FAAN) which was then known as Nigeria mother, Mrs. Lydia Kazi Ndam and four Wuyep family for the loss of Mrs Wuyep, the Airports Authority (NAA), and rose to the children. solid pillar of the family;'' Lt Gen Theophilus rank of Chief Administrative Officer.Danjuma. ''Extremely motherly. A solicitor It must be stated here that Mrs Wuyep was of the needy;'' Nanzip Sambo. ''You were an a devoted Christian and a encouragement and a pillar of strength to great philanthropist who us. Your character of strength saw some of received Christ at an early us through the hardest of times. Your age and was baptized at humility is unmatched;'' John Scott. ''Your

thGindiri on the 25 October kind and hospitable disposition remains 1970. She was a pioneer fresh in our memories;'' Bala Dafur. ''Thank member of the then Sudan you for imparting positively on the lives of United Mission (S.U.M) most of us. We will miss your motherly Choir, a member of the Girls advice. It was a life well spent;'' Philip Life Brigade (GLB) both at Kachina. '' We celebrate the life of an icon. Pil-Gani and Gindiri.You were an exceptional woman;'' Domnan Sequel to the appointment Rimdans.

thThese tributes came from various of her husband as the 14 sympathisers upon hearing the exit of the Chief of the Air Staff in June matriarch of the Wuyep family, Mrs Ladi 2001 , she na tu r a l l y Mankami Wuyep, who passed on to eternal assumed the National glory on 9 January 2009. Presidency of the Nigerian Mrs. Ladi Mankami Wuyep was born into Air Force Officers Wives the family of late Mallam Kazi Nantur Ndam Association (NAFOWA). It is and Mama Lydia Kazi on 18 May 1952 at on record that her tenure as Mban, Langtang North Local Government the President of NAFOWA Area of Plateau State. She was the second witnessed numerous life of five Children. Her early educational life touching projects. She started at the Sudan United Mission constructed the Children's Primary School, Pil- Gani from January Park in Makurdi, Kaduna 1958 December 1966 where she and Port-Harcourt and also obtained her First School Leaving built the NAFOWA National Certificate. She then proceeded to the Secretariat in Abuja. Several famous Girls High School (GHS) Gindiri in nursery and daycare centres 1967 where she obtained her West African were also constructed in School Certificate (WAEC) in 1971. various other Nigerian Air In her quest for excellence, she proceeded Force (NAF) Units in the to the prestigious Kaduna Polytechnic in country.1972 to study Secretarial Studies and Mrs Ladi Wuyep was graduated with a diploma in 1974. She s u p p o r t i v e o f t h e

A TRIBUTELADI MANKAMI WUYEP: THE EXIT OF A JEWEL

AIR TRAINER PAGE 55

AIR TRAINER PAGE 56

healthy diet is key when it comes to lowering your blood Baked white Potato, banana, soybeans

pressure. Optimal blood pressure is at or below 120/80 mm These three foods provide ample potassium. Your blood levels of

Hg. If you've been diagnosed with high blood pressure, your potassium and sodium are inextricably linked. When potassium is Adoctor has probably already told you the basics. You can control low, the body retains sodium (and too much sodium raises blood

blood pressure by getting to and maintaining a healthy weight; pressure). When potassium is high, the body gets rid of sodium.

reducing your bad cholesterol ( LDL ) if it's high; limiting the salt in Eating potassium rich foods is important for maintaining a healthy

your diet; exercising; and adding calcium, vitamin D, magnesium balance of both minerals and, by extension, for keeping blood

and potassium to your diet. The following foods are among the best pressure low.

of the best when it comes to lowering your blood pressure. Important note: Do not take potassium supplements unless

specifically prescribed by your doctor. Too much potassium will

Skim milk upset the balance, and could have serious, even life threatening

Skim milk provides calcium and vitamin D, two nutrients that work consequences.

as a team to help reduce blood pressure by about 3 to 19 percent.

Spinach, unsalted sunflower seeds, beans (black, white, navy, lima, Dark chocolate

pinto, kidney) Spinach, unsalted sunflower seeds and beans are all Hooray for dark chocolate! Eating about 30 calories a day - that's

loaded with magnesium, a key ingredient for lowering and less than half an ounce of dark chocolate - was associated with a

maintaining healthy blood pressure levels. These foods also provide lowering of blood pressure without weight gain or other adverse

lots of potassium, a primary nutrient in the fight against high blood effects.

pressure.

Culled from Sunday Trust Newspaper

FOOD THAT LOWERS BLOOD PRESURE

By Ogechi Ohalee

he 2009 biennial edition of the improving training and career progression in the Chief of the Air Staff (CAS) of his

Nigerian Air Force Training Conference the Service. It was therefore in line with the Command's readiness to continue to Twas recently held at the 303 Flying Chief of the Air Staff vision to rebuild the provide realistic, cost effective and

Training School, Nigerian Air Force (NAF) operational capability of the NAF for purposeful training to actualize the CAS'

Base, Kano from 28 to 30 September 2009. effective and efficient employment as a vital Vision.

The occasion, which was adjudged by many instrument of national power in a rapidly In his goodwill message at the occasion, the as a huge success was attended by several changing world that the theme of the Executive Governor of Kano State, Mallam officers, both serving and retired, who at Conference was chosen to read: Enhancing Ibrahim Shekarau stressed the importance some point in their career were involved in NAF Operational Capability Through of military against external aggression and training management. While welcoming effective Training. It was in this vain that the extreme disquiet from within. The Governor, guests to the 2- day event, the Air Officer AOC charged the participants to bring their who was represented by the Special Commanding(AOC) Training Command (TC), vast experiences to bear through open and Assistant on Private Schools and Vocational Air Vice Marshal Mohammed Dikko Umar frank discussions on ways to overcome the Education, Alhaji Ado Mohammed, also said that the 2009 Training Conference challenges of training in the Service. The informed the august gathering that would focus on matters that aim at AOC TC also used the occasion to reassure professionalism could only be sustained

TRAINING CONFERENCE 2009:

A POSTMORTEMBy Wing Commander EK Gabkwet

Air Vice Marshal Clement Aroriode and Air Vice Marshal John Oshoniyi during the Training Conference In Kano.

Group of Officers discussing during the Training Conference, Kano.

Another set of discussants

AIR TRAINER PAGE 57

through continuous training and evaluation that the challenge facing the NAF Authority and Limitations of Training in the NAF, Air

of set targets which are very desirable. He therefore, would be to sell ideas with Vice Marshal Obierika suggested some

also used the occasion to call on the Federal regards to the funds required for the training strategies that would enhance training in

Government to consider the subject of and development programmes to the the NAF thereby leading to operational

repositioning the Armed Forces by way of relevant governmental agencies. He further effectiveness. Some of the strategies

training equipment and motivating a stated that, it was equally pertinent to include the amendment to AFP 248. The

cardinal budgetary provision. ensure judicious use of funds; particularly, Senior Officer stated that while framers of

being able to adequately plug potential the AFP 248 had very lofty ideas for the The CAS, Air Marshal Oluseyi Olusegun areas of leakages and wastes. Service Air Force, the NAF had not been able Petinrin who was represented by the Air

to carry out training courses according. to Officer Operations, Air Vice Marshal Anene In the second paper delivered at the the contents of AFP 248 mainly due to Okafor commended Training Command for conference titled, ''Repositioning NAF contradictions. Therefore, with the organising the Conference. He also Training Policy to Enhance Operational reducing budgetary allocations, the NAF expressed appreciation to the Kano State Capability'' the presenter, Air Commondore should set up a board of officers to review Government for the cordial relationship and Micheal Aiyelowo identified that the present the AFP 248 to a manageable level. The co-operation the NAF enjoyed in the State. NAF training policy is deficient in the senior officer was also of the believe that He charged those attending the Conference definition of its objectives. The Senior since modern air forces have become very to come up with better plans on how to Officer was of the view that objectives of complex and expensive, NAF personnel move the Service forward in the conduct of courses as stated in the policy must not be should have the intellectual capacity to its training activities. only to impart training but It must also generate knowledge so as to cope with the specify what the recipient should be The first paper delivered at the Conference challenges of modern warfare. Another capable of doing at the end of the training. was titled, ''Evolving a Virile System of strategy suggested by Air Vice Marshal He said that in the engineering trade for Manpower Development to meet the Obierika was that the NAF should be example, the policy should state that after a challenges of the Present Economic involved in tactical exercises. According to particular level of training, an officer must meltdown''. It was presented by Dr Bamidele him, tactical exercises were held by serious be able to supervise the conduct of second Adepoju, a Senior Lecturer with the air forces in order to evaluate their training or third line maintenance. In this case, Department of Business Administration at system. These exercises could be used to according to Air Commodore Aiyelowo, the Bayero University, Kano. In his test the capability of each branch of the NAF training would not be unidirectional but submission, Dr Adepoju stated that to perform its role. He said the reason was would also evoke measurable response organizations might be tempted to that an aircraft flying generates a lot of work based on set standards that would enable drastically reduce their investment on down the line. Moreover, the result of the the planners to monitor and evaluate the manpower training and development due to exercise will be used in the operational process. Among several other deficiencies the global economic meltdown which exerts research activity employing appropriate identified in the NAF policy, the presenter some pressure on organizational resources analytical tools. The former Air Officer also stated that the policy was neither either directly or indirectly. This situation, he Commanding was also of the view that proactive nor reactive in responding to emphasized would influence the extent to appropriate resource allocations should be changes in the geostrategic environment which financial resources could be made towards training while not been and in consider ing technological committed to funding manpower training unmindful of other competing demands on advancement. This, according to Air and development. Despite this, he was of the NAF budgets. Other areas on the way Commodore Aiyelowo, is because the main the view that the need for manpower forward as suggested by the erudite Senior policy has not been adequately updated to training and development should not be Officer included procurement and reflect various reviews. For example Officers compromised. Dr Adepoju therefore installation of equipments, upgrading of Regiment Courses and Intelligence Trades suggested that in order to make the best infrastructure, training of more instructors list courses that should be general use of training opportunities, the NAF and giving instructors their regular postings knowledge to all personnel as specialist should carry out it training needs analysis as stipulated in the Executive Regulations. courses. The paper went further to identify which was to appropriately identify the Air Vice Marshal Obierika rounded up his cer ta in i ssues that impede the training needs of personnel. This was strategies by advising the NAF on leadership. implementation of the policy. They include particularly important so as to ensure that According to him, leadership is a strategy improper domestication of the policy by the training received is very relevant for that webs all other strategies to effective trade specialists, poor selection process effective job performance. In this regard, performance. It was in that regard that he and inadequate funding among others. the Senior Lecturer said that the NAF would feels NAF leadership at all levels of training need to plan for manpower requirements on Air Vice Marshal Osita Obierika(Rtd) should display principle centred leadership a periodic basis. Consequently, the budget presented the third and final paper at the for the success of the training systems.for manpower training and development Conference. In his typical manner, the

would be based on such a plan. In the light former Air Officer Commanding Training

of the global economic meltdown, Dr Command left his audience spellbound. His All papers presented at the Conference

Adepoju also stated that both the legislative paper, titled, ''Optimising Training to meet evolved intellectual and thought provoking

and executive arms of government make NAF operational requirements,'' was discussion sessions that resulted in 26 well

attempts to prune down the size of the supposed to be the curtain raiser and the articulated resolutions.

budget for every agency given the level of retired Senior Officer did not disappoint.

accruing revenues. As such, he believes Having discussed the theory, Challenges

AIR TRAINER PAGE 58

Air Officer CommandingTRAINING COMMAND GOLF TOURNAMENT

AVM MD Umar teeing off at the golf tournament.

Maj Gen Kamarudeen Role in a handshake with a guest. Golfers giving three hearty cheers.

AVM Leks, AVM Umar and AVM Ayeni in a group photograph. Air Commodre EE Osim presenting a gift to one of the winners.

Wing Commander Jamil Gaiya(middle) and other Golfers.Air Commodore Ogunnaike welcoming the Guest of

Honour, AVM AE Okafor.

AOC TC, AVM MD Umar presenting a gift to AVM OkaforThe GOC 1 Division, Major General Role discussing

with the SASO, Air Commodore Ogunnaike

Captain of Wuyep Lakeside Golf Club,Wing Commander Aliyu Salihu Giving the

vote of thanks.

AIR TRAINER PAGE 59

Group photograph of participants.

L-R Air Vice Marshals Nura Imam(Rtd), Mukhtar Muhammed (Rtd) and Anthony Okpere(Rtd).

L-R Cpl NA Umama,Sgt EP Babale and WO EG Nnamani during the conference.

Air Vice Marshals Samuel Atti(Rtd) and OC Obierika(Rtd)

2009 TRAINING CONFERENCE IN PICTURES- KANO

Air Vice Marshals Idi Musa(Rtd) and Muhammed Umaru (Rtd)at the Training Conference.

Air Vice Marshals Nura Imam(Rtd)interacting with AVM Obierika(Rtd) Air Vice Marshal MD Umar and Maj Gen KA Role.

AOC TAC, AVM Jones Babalola (Left),and AVM Dick-Iruenabere

AOC TC, AVM MD Umar presents a gift to AVM Sunny Gberevbie.

Some guests at the Conference.

AIR TRAINER PAGE 60

Air Vice Marshals Ishaq Abdulahaman(Rtd) and Felix Gbadebo(Rtd). Group of discussants consisting of Major - General? KA Role, AVM AS Leks and other senior officers.

The Master of Ceremony, Gp Capt Kingsley Lar (right)and the Command Public Relations Officer (CPRO) Training Command, Wing

Commander EK Gabkwet.

Air Vice Marshal Dick - Iruenabere and NavyCaptain HB Babalola.

AVM MD Umar presenting a giftto the representative of the Chief of Air Staff, AVM AE Okafor.

Air Commodore CN Chukwu, Director of Policy at Headquarters, Nigeria Air Force Abuja, making his contributions during the

Conference.

AVM MD Umar interacting with Air Cdre Mike Ekwere at a cocktail in honour of participants.

AVM MD Umar introducing AVM Adeniyi Ayeni to the Deputy Governor of Kano State, Engineer Tijanni Mohammed

Gwarzo.

AVM Anene Okafor presenting a gift to AVM Ishaq Abdulrahaman(Rtd)during the Conference

AIR TRAINER PAGE 61

AOC TC FAMILIARISATION

TOUR

Governor David Jang of Plateau State(Sitted middle) with members of the Plateau State Executive Counciland the visiting AOC TC and his team.

AVM MD Umar with Governor Namadi Sambo at sir Kashim Ibrahim House.

Governor Namadi Sambo welcoming AVM Umarto government house.

AVM Umar at Government House, Kaduna

AVM Umar seems to be telling Governor Sambo that,”We are grateful for your

support” as he presents a gift to the Governor.

Governor Jonah Jang of Plateau State Welcoming’ AVM MD Umar to Government House Jos.

AIR TRAINER PAGE 62

PICTURES OF

AOC TOUR OF UNITS UNDER COMMAND

AVM MD Umar in a handshake with Wg Cdr RT Ojo atthe 325 GTG.

The Commander 345 Aero - Medical Hospital, Air Commodore Abubakar Njidda conducting the AOC round hospital wards when the AOC visited the unit.

Commander 325 GTG, Air Commodore JD Dania briefing the AOC when the later visited the Group.

The Commander 333 Logistics Group, Air Commodore Eko Osimconducting the AOC Training Command, AVM MD Umar round his unit.

AVM MD Umar arriving at the 335 BSG in company of his principal StaffOfficers.

AVM MD Umar being briefed by Commandant of AFSS Agbani,Gp Capt Koji Diwa.

Commander 335 Base services Group, Air Commodore Labaran Haliru conducting the AOC round the computer Lab for pupils of Air Force Primary School Kaduna.

AVM MD Umar listening to explanation from Gp Capt Peter Abel during his tour of 305 FTS,Enugu.

AIR TRAINER PAGE 63

Master Melvin Olisah Okocha, Son of Mr and Mrs Emeka Okocha

Born on the 2nd of April, 2009.

Nanfe Faith FanzhiDaughter of Sgt and Mrs Timothy Fanzhi

Born on the 19th May, 2009.

Samuel Oche Orinya Son of Mr & Mrs Ochibo RO

Born 16th April, 2009.

Sqn Ldr (Rev Canon) OG Okoye PresentingMarriage Certificate to Cpl and Mrs Emmanuel Jacob during their wedding at NAF Protestant

Kaduna.

Cpl Abdullahi Hussaini and his wifeduring their wedding in Ogbomosho

Oyo State.

Sgt and Mrs Timothy Fanzhi during their wedding in Langtang, Plateau State.

CPL Ani Anthony & His wife Veronica during their wedding mass @ St. Angnes

Catholic Church Maryland Lagos.

Nana Fatima, Daughter of FS & Mrs Imam MABorn On 25th September, 2009.

SOCIAL DIARY

CPL & Mrs Edema H During their wedding in Lagos.

AIR TRAINER PAGE 64

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