normal lab values

Normal Lab ValuesHematology Values

HEMATOCRIT (HCT)o Normal Adult Female Range: 37 - 47%

Optimal Adult Female Reading: 42%Normal Adult Male Range 40 - 54%Optimal Adult Male Reading: 47Normal Newborn Range: 50 - 62%Optimal Newborn Reading: 56

HEMOGLOBIN (HGB)o Normal Adult Female Range: 12 - 16 g/dl

Optimal Adult Female Reading: 14 g/dlNormal Adult Male Range: 14 - 18 g/dlOptimal Adult Male Reading: 16 g/dlNormal Newborn Range: 14 - 20 g/dlOptimal Newborn Reading: 17 g/d

R.B.C. (Red Blood Cell Count)o Normal Adult Female Range: 3.9 - 5.2 mill/mcl

Optimal Adult Female Reading: 4.55Normal Adult Male Range: 4.2 - 5.6 mill/mclOptimal Adult Male Reading: 4.9Lower ranges are found in Children, newborns and infants

W.B.C. (White Blood Cell Count)o Normal Adult Range: 3.8 - 10.8 thous/mcl

Optimal Adult Reading: 7.3Higher ranges are found in children, newborns and infants.

PLATELET COUNTo Normal Adult Range: 130 - 400 thous/mcl

Optimal Adult Reading: 265Higher ranges are found in children, newborns and infants

NEUTROPHILS and NEUTROPHIL COUNT - this is the main defender of the body against infection and antigens. High levels may indicate an active infection.

o Normal Adult Range: 48 - 73 %Optimal Adult Reading: 60.5Normal Children’s Range: 30 - 60 %Optimal Children’s Reading: 45

LYMPHOCYTES and LYMPHOCYTE COUNT - Elevated levels may indicate an active viral infections such as measles, rubella, chickenpox, or infectious mononucleosis.

o Normal Adult Range: 18 - 48 %Optimal Adult Reading: 33Normal Children’s Range: 25 - 50 %Optimal Children’s Reading: 37.5

MONOCYTES and MONOCYTE COUNT - Elevated levels are seen in tissue breakdown or chronic infections, carcinomas, leukemia (monocytic) or lymphomas.

o Normal Adult Range: 0 - 9 %Optimal Adult Reading: 4.5

EOSINOPHILS and EOSINOPHIL COUNT - Elevated levels may indicate an allergic reactions or parasites.o Normal Adult Range: 0 - 5 %

Optimal Adult Reading: 2.5 BASOPHILS and BASOPHIL COUNT - Basophilic activity is not fully understood but it is known to carry

histamine, heparin and serotonin. High levels are found in allergic reactions.o Normal Adult Range: 0 - 2 %

Optimal Adult Reading: 1

Electrolyte Values SODIUM - Sodium is the most abundant cation in the blood and its chief base. It functions in the body to

maintain osmotic pressure, acid-base balance and to transmit nerve impulses. Very Low value: seizure and Neurologic Sx.

o Normal Adult Range: 135-146 mEq/LOptimal Adult Reading: 140.5

POTASSIUM - Potassium is the major intracellular cation. Very low value: Cardiac arythemia.

o Normal Range: 3.5 - 5.5 mEq/LOptimal Adult Reading: 4.5

CHLORIDE - Elevated levels are related to acidosis as well as too much water crossing the cell membrane. Decreased levels with decreased serum albumin may indicate water deficiency crossing the cell membrane (edema).

o Normal Adult Range: 95-112 mEq/LOptimal Adult Reading: 103

CO2 (Carbon Dioxide) - The CO2 level is related to the respiratory exchange of carbon dioxide in the lungs and is part of the bodies buffering system. Generally when used with the other electrolytes, it is a good indicator of acidosis and alkalinity.

o Normal Adult Range: 22-32 mEq/LOptimal Adult Reading: 27Normal Childrens Range - 20 - 28 mEq/LOptimal Childrens Reading: 24

CALCIUM - involved in bone metabolism, protein absorption, fat transfer muscular contraction, transmission of nerve impulses, blood clotting and cardiac function. Regulated by parathyroid.

o Normal Adult Range: 8.5-10.3 mEq/dlOptimal Adult Reading: 9.4

PHOSPHORUS - Generally inverse with Calcium.o Normal Adult Range: 2.5 - 4.5 mEq/dl

Optimal Adult Reading: 3.5Normal Childrens Range: 3 - 6 mEq/dlOptimal Childrens Range: 4.5

Renal Related B.U.N. (Blood Urea Nitrogen) - Increases can be caused by excessive protein intake, kidney damage, certain

drugs, low fluid intake, intestinal bleeding, exercise or heart failure. Decreased levels may be due to a poor diet, malabsorption, liver damage or low nitrogen intake.

o Normal Adult Range: 7 - 25 mg/dlOptimal Adult Reading: 16

CREATININE - Low levels are sometimes seen in kidney damage, protein starvation, liver disease or pregnancy. Elevated levels are sometimes seen in kidney disease due to the kidneys job of excreting creatinine, muscle degeneration, and some drugs involved in impairment of kidney function.

o Normal Adult Range: .7 - 1.4 mg/dlOptimal Adult Reading: 1.05

URIC ACID - High levels are noted in gout, infections, kidney disease, alcoholism, high protein diets, and with toxemia in pregnancy. Low levels may be indicative of kidney disease, malabsorption, poor diet, liver damage or an overly acid kidney.

o Normal Adult Female Range: 2.5 - 7.5 mg/dlOptimal Adult Female Reading: 5.0Normal Adult Male Range: 3.5 - 7.5 mg/dlOptimal Adult Male Reading:5.5

BUN/CREATININE - This calculation is a good measurement of kidney and liver function.o Normal Adult Range: 6 -25 (calculated)

Optimal Adult Reading: 15.5

Protein PROTEIN, TOTAL - Decreased levels may be due to poor nutrition, liver disease, malabsorption, diarrhea, or

severe burns. Increased levels are seen in lupus, liver disease, chronic infections, alcoholism, leukemia, tuberculosis amongst many others.

o Normal Adult Range: 6.0 -8.5 g/dlOptimal Adult Reading: 7.25

ALBUMIN - major constituent of serum protein (usually over 50%). High levels are seen in liver disease(rarely) , shock, dehydration, or multiple myeloma. Lower levels are seen in poor diets, diarrhea, fever, infection, liver disease, inadequate iron intake, third-degree burns and edemas or hypocalcemia

o Normal Adult Range: 3.2 - 5.0 g/dlOptimal Adult Reading: 4.1

GLOBULIN - Globulins have many diverse functions such as, the carrier of some hormones, lipids, metals, and antibodies(IgA, IgG, IgM, and IgE). Elevated levels are seen with chronic infections, liver disease, rheumatoid arthritis, myelomas, and lupus are present, . Lower levels in immune compromised patients, poor dietary habits, malabsorption and liver or kidney disease.

o Normal Adult Range: 2.2 - 4.2 g/dl (calculated)Optimal Adult Reading: 3.2

A/G RATIO (Albumin/Globulin Ratio)o Normal Adult Range: 0.8 - 2.0 (calculated)


Lipids CHOLESTEROL - High density lipoproteins (HDL) is desired as opposed to the low density lipoproteins (LDL),

two types of cholesterol. Elevated cholesterol has been seen in artherosclerosis, diabetes, hypothyroidism and pregnancy. Low levels are seen in depression, malnutrition, liver insufficiency, malignancies, anemia and infection.


LDL (Low Density Lipoprotein) - studies correlate the association between high levels of LDL and arterial artherosclerosis

o Normal Adult Range: 62 - 130 mg/dlOptimal Adult Reading: 81 mg/dl

HDL (High Density Lipoprotein) - A high level of HDL is an indication of a healthy metabolic system if there is no sign of liver disease or intoxication.

o Normal Adult Range: 35 - 135 mg/dlOptimal Adult Reading: +85 mg/dl

TRIGLYCERIDES - Increased levels may be present in artherosclerosis, hypothyroidism, liver disease, pancreatitis, myocardial infarction, metabolic disorders, toxemia, and nephrotic syndrome. Decreased levels may be present in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, brain infarction, hyperthyroidism, malnutrition, and malabsorption.


CHOLESTEROL/LDL RATIOo Normal Adult Range: 1 - 6


Table of Cardiac markersSerum Markers of Myocardial Injury

Detected Peak FallsMyoglobin 1-3 1-8 12-18CK/CK-MB 3-8 12-16 24-48MB Isoforms 1-6 4-8 12-48Troponin Complex 3-6 10-24 cTnI: 5-9 days

cTnT: 7-14 days

Blood GasesBicarbonate (HCO3

-)

Normal Value: 22-26 mEq/L

Blood pH

Normal Value: 7.34-7.44

Partial Pressure of Carbon Dioxide (pCO2)

Normal Value: 35-45 mmHg

Partial Pressure of Oxygen (pO2)

Normal Value: 75-100 mmHg

Cardiac Enzymes

Creatine Kinase Index (CK-Index)

Normal Value: 0-3

Creatine Kinase-MB (CK-MB)

Normal Value: 0-3 ng/ml

Total Creatine Kinase (Total CK)


Troponin

Normal Value: <0.4 ng/ml

Blood Chemistry

Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT)

Normal Value: 7-56 U/L

Albumin

Normal Value: 3.5-4.8 U/L

Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP)


Amylase


Anti-streptolysin O Titer (ASO)

Normal Value:

Adult: <125

Child: <250

Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST)


Bicarbonate (HCO


Bilirubin

Normal Value:

Calcium (Ca

Normal Value: 8.9-10.4 mg/dl

Chloride (Cl


Cholesterol

Normal Value: 120-200 mg/dl

Creatinine (Cre)


Gamma GT


Glucose

Normal Value: 65-110 mg/dL

Lipase


Potassium (K

Normal Value: 3.6-5.0 mEq/L

Sodium (Na


Total Protein

Normal Value: 6.3-8.2 gm/dl

Triglycerides


Urea Nitrogen (BUN)


Uric Acid


Cerebral Spinal FluidCSF Glucose

Normal Value: 50-80 ng/dl

CSF Protein


CSF RBCs

Normal Value: 0/?l

CSF WBCs

Normal Value: 0-3/?l

Endocrine17-Hydroxycorticosteroid (17-OHCS)

Normal Value: <4 mg/day

Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone (ACTH)

Normal Value: 20-100 pg/ml

Prolactin (PRL)


Serum Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP)


HematologyCD4+

Normal Value:

Fibrinogen


Hematocrit (Hct)

Normal Value:

Male: 40-52%

Female: 37-46%

Child: 31-43%

Hemoglobin (Hg, Hgb)

Normal Value:

Male: 13.2-16.2 gm/dL

Female: 12.0-15.2 gm/dL

Partial Thromboplastin Time (PTT)

Normal Value: 18-28 seconds

Platelet Count (Plt)

Normal Value: 140-450x10

Prothrombin Time (PT)

Normal Value: 12-14 seconds

RBC Mean Cell Volume (MCV)

Normal Value:

Male: 82-102 fL

Female: 78-101 fL

Red Blood Cell Count (RBC)

Normal Value:

Red Cell Distribution Width (RDW)

Normal Value:

Reticulocyte

Normal Value:

Adult: 0.5-1.5%

Infant: 0.5-3.1%

Newborn: 1.1-4.5%

White Blood Cell Count (WBC)

Normal Value: 4.1-10.9x10

Mean Cell Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC)

Normal Value: 31-35 gm/dl

Male: 4.3-6.2x10

Female: 3.8-5.5x10

Child: 3.8-5.5x10

Iron StudiesFerritin

Normal Value:

Male: 18-250 ng/ml

Female: 12-160 ng/ml

Total Iron-Binding Capacity (TIBC)

Normal Value: 262-474 ?g/dl

Total Serum Iron (TSI)

Normal Value:

Male: 76-198 ?g/dl

Female: 26-170 ?g/dl

Transferrin


ThyroidFree Thyroxine (T4 Free)

Normal Value: 0.8-1.5 ng/dl

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)

Normal Value: 0.4-4.5 U/ml

Thyroxine-binding Globulin (TBG)

Normal Value: 12-30 mg/L

Total Thyroxine (T4 Total)

Normal Value: 5.5-12.3 ng/ml

Total Triiodothyronine (T3 Total)


UrinalysisUrine Bilirubin

Normal Value: Negative

Urine Blood


Urine Ketone


Urine Leukocytes

Urine Micro

Normal Value:

Urine Nitrite


Urine Protein

Normal Value: Negative-Trace

Urine pH

Normal Value: 5-7

Urobilogen

Normal Value: 0.2-1.0 Ehr U/dl


Specific Gravity

Normal Value: 1.002-1.030

normal lab values

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