NORTH SUMATRA BASIN: ITSNORTH SUMATRA BASIN: ITS EVOLUTION AND SEDIMENTATION

EVOLUTIONEVOLUTION

ALIT ASCARIA Ph.D.

CCOP. P1W2: North Sumatra-Mergui Basin Case Study. g yMedan & Parapat, 27 – 30 April 2010

Agenda

• IntroductionIntroduction• Regional Geology of North Sumatra

P l h• Paleogeography• Petroleum Systems• Conclusion

INTRODUCTION

Comparison of the Carboniferous, Permian, and Triassic sequences in the Sibumasu

BASEMENT LITHOLOGY

and Triassic sequences in the Sibumasu terranes of eastern Sumatra, West Malaysia and Thailand, and Gondwana Terrane in NW Australia

(Barber et al., 2005)

C f C fComparison of the Carboniferous, Permian, and Triassic sequences of the eastern Sumatra Sibumasu Terrane and GRDC map sheets, the Indochina Terranes of west S d h M l P i lSumatra and the eastern Malay Peninsula

Cross section of the Sumatra Subduction System from the floor of the Indian Ocean to the Malay Peninsula

(Barber et al., 2005)

BASEMENT TYPE

BASEMENT CONFIGURATION

(In Barber et al., 2005)(Hutchison,1994)

(Barber et al., 2005)

CONFIGURATION

During the Mid – Late Triassic, the whole of Sumatra and Peninsular Malaya were subjected to NE- SW extension with the f ti f l th th d NWformation of several north - south and NW –SE graben structures, the Kualu and Tuhur basins in Sumatra and the Semantan and Semanggol Basin in Malaya, separated by intervening horst blocks.

(Barber et al., 2005)

2741 64 2741 7m Argillaceous

Sample From POLONIA‐1

2741.64 – 2741.7m                       Argillaceous Sandstone (Kualu Fm.); the chief detrital grains of this sample are quartz; the grains have tangential and straight grain contacts withintergranular spaces infilled with authigenic clays and calcite cementclays and calcite cement.

PPT‐2A PPT‐1

Polonia‐1BHR‐1

PPT 2APPT‐2A

Sample PPT‐1 Well, 2595m; fine SS; quartz grains, and chert rock fragments with slightly sutured grain contacts; visible porosity 

l % l ll i d 10 1 %generaly 5%, locally increased to 10 – 15%. 

Mulhadiono, 1984

Kualu Fm.Eq. (2,525 ‐2,725m); Max.porosity is 12%, average 2‐5%, Sw is about 85%, and K is <10mD, with very fresh water <1000ppm Cl. Sample PPT‐2 Well, 2650.8 – 2650.86 m; lithic SS; quartz grains 

dominant, poorly sorted, and individual grains are– 15%.

PPT‐2A PPT‐1

Polonia‐1BHR‐1

Mulhadiono, 1984

(Andreason et al., 1997)

(Andreason et al., 1997)

Schematic cross section showing geological model of N. Sumatra basin

(Widarmayana, 2007)(Widarmayana, 2007)

(Barber et al., 2005 modified)

(Hakim et al 2007)(Hakim et al., 2007)

North Sumatra Tectonic Elements (Present day)

( h d )(Sosromihardjo, 1999)

Tertiary structural and basin 

(Barber et al., 2005)

yevolution of Sumatra

Present day internal framework of the North Sumatra Basin

STRUCTURAL FRAMEWORK OF N SUMATRA BASIN

(modified after Kamili et al., 1976)

(Clure, 2005)

STRUCTURAL  FRAMEWORK OF N.SUMATRA BASIN

(Collins et al., 1996)

Basin development : Syn rift period Basin development : Late rift & Sag periods

Schematic cross section showing geological model of N. Sumatra basin

(Collins et al., 1996)

Play Concept and Risk

BOUGUER GRAVITY IMAGES AND CONTOUR LINES MAP

4.0

4.250km

3.4

3.6

3.8

20

25

30

35

mGal

98 2 98 4 98 6 98 8 99 0 99 2 99 4 99 6 99 8 100 0

3.0

3.2

-15

-10

-5

0

5

10

15

98.2 98.4 98.6 98.8 99.0 99.2 99.4 99.6 99.8 100.0

gravity in mGal, contour intervals 1 mGal

(Geo Prima Energi, 2009) BASEMENT CONFIGURATION (BASED ON SEISMIC MAPPING & GUIDED BY GRAVITY DATA)

BURIAL HISTORY BASED ON POLONIA‐1 WELL 

Top Oil Window at 2400 m

Expulsion onpPliocene (4 Ma)

RANTAU DEEPNorth Sumatra Basin

0 HPPMO MISS SEUREULASEUREULAFm GEBANG LOW

MATURATION MODELLING ON STRUCTURAL HIGH AND LOW

U D

98°00'98°30' 99°00'

NRANTAU DEEP

Dep

th (m

)

1000

2000

3000

4000

KEUTAPANG

BAONG

BELUMAI

PRE-BELUMAIEarly Mature (oil)0.7 to 0.8 (%Ro)Mid Mature (oil)0.8 to 1 (%Ro)Late Mature (oil)1 to 1 3 (%Ro)

North Sumatra Basin

Dep

th (m

)

0

1000

2000

HPPMO MISS SEUREULASEUREULA

KEUTAPANG

BAONG

Fm

D U

U D

U D

U D

4°30'

U D

PTD

KSB

KST

PTT

Age (my) 0102030

50005200

1 to 1.3 (%Ro)Main Gas Generation1.3 to 2.6 (%Ro)

Age (my) 0102030

D

3000

4000

5000

BELUMAI

BAMPO

BSMTEarly Mature (oil)0.7 to 0.8 (%Ro)Mid Mature (oil)0.8 to 1 (%Ro)Late Mature (oil)1 to 1.3 (%Ro)Main Gas Generation1.3 to 2.6 (%Ro)

DARAT UTARA-1ANorth Sumatra Basin

CMP=FM;TH=THF;MAT=LL

TG=1;TI=0.5;EXP=TR;PRM=MKC

DI=1.000

interpreter: nhr

0 HPPMKEUTAPANG

Fm

BURIAL HISTORY & MATURITY DIAGRAM DARAT UTARA-1a WELL

D UD U

U D

D U

4°00'

PPT

PTD

SECGEB

PTTGEBANG LOW

Dep

th(m

)

1000

2000

3000

H KEUTAPANG

BAONG

BELUMAI

BAMPO

Batumandi Selatan-1

North Sumatra Basin

CMP=FM;TH=THF;MAT=LL

TG=1;TI=0.5;EXP=TR;PRM=MKC

DI=1000

interpreter: nhr

0HPPMO MISS SEUREULAFm

BURIAL HISTORY & MATURITY DIAGRAM BATUMANDI SELATAN - 1 WELL

DRU-1A

D UU D

TEBIN

G T

MEDAN

3°30'

LEGEND :

Age (My)0510152022

4000

4500 t = 0

Early Mature (oil)0.5 to 0.7 (%Ro)Mid Mature (oil)0.7 to 1 (%Ro)Late Mature (oil)1 to 1.3 (%Ro)Main Gas Generation1.3 to 2.6 (%Ro)

nana/c/mydocu/bmod-1d/nsb/dru1mat.ppt

h(m

)

1000

SEUREULA

KEUTAPANG

TING

GI D

EEP

3°00'

HIGH

LOCAL LOWBASIN SLOPE

LOCAL HIGH

LOW

BASILAM-A1a

North Sumatra Basin

CMP=FM;TH=THF;MAT=LL

TG=1;TI=0.5;EXP=TR;PRM=MKC

DI=1000interpreter: nhr

h(m

)

0

1000

HPPM MISS SEUREULA

SEUREULA

KEUTAPANG

Fm

BURIAL HISTORY & MATURITY DIAGRAM BASILAM-A1a WELL Dep

th

2000

BAONG

TRANSITIONBELUMAI

BSMT

Early Mature (oil)0.5 to 0.7 (%Ro)

Mid Mature (oil)0.7 to 1 (%Ro)

Late Mature (oil)1 to 1.3 (%Ro)

BAS-

BMS-1

GONDWANA,1980KSBGAS SAMPLES

Age (My)05101520

Dep

th

2000

3000

3600

BAONG

BELUMAIBAMPO

BSMT

t = 0

Early Mature (oil)0.5 to 0.7 (%Ro)Mid Mature (oil)0.7 to 1 (%Ro)Late Mature (oil)1 to 1.3 (%Ro)Main Gas Generation1.3 to 2.6 (%Ro)

Age (My)010203040

3000 t = 0Main Gas Generation1.3 to 2.6 (%Ro)1A

NORTH

Malaysia104

PEUTUSRG - 5

GOS-1

RTU-1

Platform Edge

Outer Platform NORTH

3

0

Sumatra

Index Map

indonesia Sea

0 10 km

PEUTU

Middle Platform

BELUMAI

MALACCA STRAIT

TST-1

RT-52

KS-2

SR-2

KLD-1

ARO-2

ARO-1

GOS-2A

ABS-1

SEC-4BES-1

SCG-1GEB-9

BES-2

SEK-1

DIS-2

P.BERANDAN

WP-2

BAS-AL

DRU-1

BMS-1

PPT-2A

BTM-1BTM-1BTM-1BTM-1

MEDAN

NSO

ASAHAN-01

PUSHUNG

Inner Platform

SumatraLEGEND

TEBING TINGGI

TWA-1

POL-1

BHR-1

Transistional

Middle Neretic

Environmental Set-Up

ra Shear Fault System

Outer-Middle Neretic

Outer Neritic

Sediment Transport Direction

LEGEND

Platform Edge

Sediment Transport DirectionSediment Transport DirectionSediment Transport Direction

Shelf Clastics /Isolated CarbonatesShelf Clastics / Isolated Carbonates

Nearshore Transistional/Inner PlatformLittoral

Open Shelf

Ashan

High

Ash

DEPOSITIONAL FACIES MAP : BELUMAI-PEUTU FM.

Sedimentology, PetrographyMiddle Miocene - NSB

DUYUNG SAND

SW NESL

HSTLST

N 11 - DUYUNG SAND

TSTQuartz arenite

S blithareniteQ

BAMPOBRUKSAH/PARAPAT

SLN 12 - GEBANG SAND

Subarkose Sublitharenite

Lithi

NORTHERN SOURCE

HST/SMSTGEBANG SAND

HST

BRUKSAH/PARAPAT

TSTF

ArkosicArenite

LithicArenite

L0 25 1007550

Q

SL

HST LST

MIDDLE BAONG SAND

GEBANG SAND

Subarkose

SOUTHERN SOURCE

.........Sublitharenite

LST

HST/SMST

HST LST GEBANG SAND

MFS/DLSF

F

ArkosicArenite

LithicArenite

L0 25 1007550

BARISAN UPLIFT

SR-AS NOT TO SCALE

LANGSA

RTU-1MukuLO

KO

P K

RT-521

2

KSTKSB-1

98 FASerang Jaya

TANJU

NG

PU

K.Simpang Timur

Medan

- 3°

- 0°

101 °

N

Rantau Str.

KU

TACA

NE FAU

LT

AULT

UR

A FAULT

SR-02KLD-1SRG-A1

SBU-A

Kuala Dalam

K.Simpang Timur

RANTAUSLP-1

Sungai-A3PTB

Pulau Panjang

SungaiA-1

SUS-A1

P. SembilanA R O

ABYPLW-1

Susu-A1Sem-A1

Paluh Tabuhan Timur

J-O-EIA

R-O-5R-O-6

R-O-7

J-R-E2Pusung-1

SCG-1TKM-1Gebang

PSL-1

SEK-A1

INDEX MAPBTR

Perapen

SCG 1SecuraiPBR-1

Telaga SaidTST-1A1

Telaga DaratB1

DRU-1

TAP-1

SAL-90

A R ULANGKAT - MEDAN Basilam - A1

Pantai Pakam Timur

SEK A1

M E D A N

Pantai Pakam Timur

PPA-1

PPA-2

Wampu

BMS-1

TPS-1

Batu Mandi12

3

Polonia

Diski

DISTRIBUTION MAP OF PROVEN STRUCTURE (Mod. DOH Nad 2005)

TWT Structure Middle BaongGebang-deep & Tanjung Pura AreaTWT Structure Belumai

Gebang-deep & Tanjung Pura Area

TWT Structure Basal SandGebang-deep & Tanjung Pura

Area

Reservoir Thickness and Quality

N-S wells correlationS

NN

BelumaiFmPreTertiary

Carbonate

NSO-NSO

100m

Divs.

PreTertiary

Kerinci-1

1S NSO-3S

PreTertiaryCarbonate

Kambuna-1

Kemiri-1Pusung-1 Kerinci-1

Kambuna-1Kemiri-1Pusung-1Tonjol-1NSO-1S

NSO-3S

Belumai FmTonjol-1

1

Water Bottom

Julu Rajeu

ASH05-43A

Julu Rajeu

Seurula

Keutapang

Middle Keutapang

Baong

BelumaiBelumai

PreTertiary

Series of Half Graben System

W EWater Bottom

Julu Rajeu

Seurula

Keutapang

Middle Keutapangp g

Baong

Belumai

PreTertiary

Glagah oilAccumulation

-fractured PreTertiaryLimestone

Untested Play in West Glagah

East Perlak-1East Perlak 1

Spud date: oct.1981

Objective: Turbidite sandstone Baong Formation, carbonate Peutu FormationFormation, carbonate Peutu Formation and sandstone of Brukash Formation.

Deep well drilled in Perlak Platform

R lt f E t P l k 1Result of East Perlak-1Baong Formation consists mainly of interbedded fine sandstone and shalePeutu Carbonate consists of interbedded fi d t d l kt i ffine sandstone and planktonic foram bioclastic wackestone in the upper part and planktonic foram bioclastic wackestone in the lower part. Depositional environment is

i ditiopen marine condition.Brukash Formation composed of interbedded fine sandstone and shale. TD at Pre-Tertiary Dolomite?

Bouguer Gravity Map

Gravity map showing main structural trends. Blue denotes thick and red denotes thinthick and red denotes thin.

Correlations – Northern Basin

Correlations – Southern Slope Area

Well data with results

NS

NSB-D1

GR DT

Baong

Bampo

Parapat

Baong

Oil Generation

Early Oil Generation

In BLD-1 Well at the time < 4 million year ago estimated had happened early stages of the oil generation in the upper part of Prapat Formation

Thermal Geohistory

OilOil Generation

Estimated the formation of hydrocarbons in the BLD-1 Well happened on the upper part of Prapat Formation at temperature 105° - 120° C and occurred in 2 million years ago

Conclusion

• There are potential for pre-Tertiray play in North Sumatra Basin (NSB)

• Oligo-Miocene carbonate still the main target for exploration in NSB.

• Finding prolific basin like Java and Lho Sukon Deeps is a must in NSB for high impact exploration target (Arun/NSO size).

• Distribution of Middle Baong sandstone still poorly understood g p yespecially in Andaman area.

• For sandstone play need to have a good trap since tectonic is relatively intense during Plio-Pleistocene.y g

• Despite all the risk, NSB still have a potential for exploration to finding big hydrocarbon resources.

• Gas shortage to LNG/PIM/DMO need to fulfilled by explore the NSBGas shortage to LNG/PIM/DMO need to fulfilled by explore the NSB