The The CirculatoryCirculatory System System

•Carries needed substances to cells and waste products away.

•Links all parts of the body (highway system)

•Helps maintain balance (regulates body temperature and pH)

•Contain cells that fight disease.

STRUCTURE

AND BEHAVIOR

of main

componentsCreates fo

rce to push

blood

Pathway for blood

Vehicle/transport

HEART•Muscular pump (makes force to push blood)

•Consists of an upper chamber (atria) and lower chamber (ventricle)

•The atria collects blood and the ventricles pump the blood

LA

LV

RV

RA

DOB

OB

VALVES

Flap-like structures

that prevent

backflow of blood

BLOOD VESSELSServes as a pathway for

blood to flow

ARTERIES•Carries blood away from the heart

•Oxygenated blood (OB)

•Thick-walled vesselsADAM Animation: Coronary artery disease

VEINS•Returns blood to the heart

•Deoxygenated blood (DOB)

•Thin-walled vessels with valves to prevent backflow of bloodADAM animation- Blood Flow

CAPILLARIES

CAPILLARIES•One-celled vessels•Site of material exchange

•Contains tissue fluids•Connects to venules and arterioles

ADAM animation- Nutrient exchange

Blood Vessels

Arteries Capillaries VeinsThick muscular wall

Thin floppy wall

Large lumen (hole)

Small lumen (hole)

Very Small lumen

Thin wall(1 cell thick)

Oxygenated BloodExcept pulmonary

artery

Deoxygenated BloodExcept pulmonary

veinO2 CO2

Blood Vessels

Arteries Capillaries VeinsHigh PressureFast moving

Low PressureVery slow

Low PressureSlow moving

Small lumen to maintain high

pressure

1 cell thick lumen for exchange of

gas

Large lumen so less resistance to

flow of blood

No valves , blood is at high pressure

No valves Valves to prevent back flow

Pulse No pulse No pulse

BLOODRiver of life

Consists of red cells, white cells and platelets floating in a liquid called plasma

PLASMAPLASMA Liquid part of the blood

Consists of water and dissolved

substances

ions ,proteins,food substances

Hormones,Excretory product, Urea

FACTSFACTS5–6 liters of blood in the

body of an adult

each cubic centimeter contains about 5 billion red blood cells

RED BLOOD CELLS

tiny,disc-like cells; no nuclei

contains red pigment

Hemoglobin (carries oxygen)

Blood

Component Structure Function

Red Blood Cell (RBC)

O2 transport from lungs to all cells

Biconcave disc

No nucleus

Contains haemoglobin(red)

WHITE BLOOD CELLSWHITE BLOOD CELLS• larger cells with

nucleus• 1 WBC per 600 RBC• act as soldiers of the

body; to fight infections

Blood

Component Structure Function

White Blood Cell (WBC)

Phagocytes

Lymphocytes

Lobed nucleus

Large nucleus

Fight infection

Engulf bacteria(swallowing)

Antibodies(chemicals that destroy bacteria)

PLATELETSPLATELETS•Promotes blood clotting

•Prevent bleeding

clotting

Blood

Component Structure Function

Platelets

Plasma

Yellow / straw coloured

Cell fragments(broken pieces of cells)

90% water10% dissolved substancese.g. glucose,CO2 , enzymes, hormones, antibodies

Blood clotting

Transport

Double Circulatory System

Pulmonary Vein

Aorta(main artery)

Pulmonary Artery

Vena Cava(main vein)

CO2 O2

O2

O2CO2

CO2

Rest of body

Heart

Lungs

Arteries carry bloodAway from the heart

Veins carry bloodtowards the heart