november new - al islam · published at baithul quddus, g.h. road, kozhikode, edited by a. m....

3

2010 \hw_¿

2010 \hw-_¿

ln.i 1389 ˛ \p_p-ΔØv

1431 Zp¬J-AZv ˛ Zp¬l÷v

]pkvXIw 82 e°w 11

hcn-kwJy 150 I.

H‰{]Xn 15 I.

No^v FUn-‰¿ : aplΩZv Ckvam-bn¬ Mob : 9446656123FUn-‰¿ : G. Fw. apl-ΩZv kenw Mob : 8907182933, 9895263384, E-mail: [email protected]\-P¿ : AlvaZv l ≥ Mob : 9446482108

hnemkw

kXy-Zq-X≥, Pn. F®v. tdmUv, tImgn-t°m-Sv.

^mIvkv : 0495 2721609

e-mail: [email protected]

Akn. amt\-P¿

sI.-Fw. AlvaZv tImb

k¿°p-te-j≥ amt\-P¿

Fkv. apl-ΩZv kenw

FUn-t‰m-dn-b¬ t_m¿Uv

s{]m^. alvaqZv AlvaZv

sI.-hn. Cuk-t°mb

sI.hn. l ≥tImb

]n.-Fw. _jo¿ AlvaZv

sF.sI. AlvaZv Ipń

Printed & Published by M.A. Muhammed, for the Kerala Ahmadiyya Muslim Jama-at at Geethanjali Offset Printers, Kundayithode, Feroke, KozhikodePublished at BAITHUL Quddus, G.H. Road, Kozhikode, Edited by A. M. Muhammed Salim. Typeset, Layout & Cover Design : Victory Creations, Calicut

Hcp \q‰m≠nt\mS-Sp-°p∂ ae-bm-f-Ønse GI CkvemanI {]kn-≤o-I-cWw

ÿm]nXw

1925

apJ-Nn{Xw : Nmhp-I-S¬ Npcp-fp-I-ƒ Is≠-SpØ

C{km-tb-ense Jpwdm≥ Xmgvhc, C≥sk‰n¬ Npcp-fp-

Ifpw Npcp-fp-Iƒ kq£n® cWnbpw.

B[p-\nI ImesØ Xn∑-Iƒ

_nem¬ AXvIn≥k¨

AXn-t{i-jvT-amb Pohn-X-coXn

P\m_v _io¿ AlvaZv Hm¿®mUv

aX-\nμ: dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n(-k)bpsS

{]Xn-I-cWw (Xp-S¿®)

Fw. \Zow AlvaZv kn≤oJv

apkvenw I£n- t\-Xm-°-fpsS t]mcv

Pem-ep-±o≥ Ievt]\n

A¤p-X-ßƒ \nd™ BImiw

Fw. ap_m-d°v AlvaZv, Icp-\m-K-∏≈n

Ipdn-∏p-Iƒ

Ata-cn° Cdm-Jn¬ sNbvXXv

hm¿Ø-Iƒ

25

37

40

32

29

42

35

4

5

bpK-i_vZw

apJ-°p-dn∏v ˛

AXn-{I-an-Iƒ°v A[n-I-\m-fn√

Bflo-b-amb timjWw

lZvdØv AlvaZv (A)

JpXzv_

]mIn-kvXm≥: A{I-an-I-fpsS

ssII-fn¬

lZvdØv an¿km akvdq¿ AlvaZv

teJ\w

Ckvemw temI-k-am-[m-\-Øn\v

òj-Wntbm?

auem\m AXm-D¬ apPo_v dminZv

F¥mWv ssZh-hn[n?

JmenZv iô-bp-√mlv

F o-\n-Ifpw Nmhp-I-S¬ Npcp-fp-I-fpw

G.-Fw. apl-ΩZv kenw

7

6

10

16

21

D≈-S°w

4

kXyZqX≥

lZvdØv an¿km Kpemw AlvaZv (A)

Jp¿-B-\n¬ \n∂v

ASp-Øp-h-cm-\p-≈Xv CXm

ASp-Øn-cn-°p-∂p. A√mlphn\v

]pdsa AXns\ Hgnhm°p∂ Hcp

i‡n-bp-an√. At∏mƒ Cu h¿Ø-

am -\sØ kw_-‘n -®mtWm

\nßƒ A¤p-X -s∏ -Sp -∂Xv?

\nßƒ Nncn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p.

\nßƒ Ic-bp-∂n√! (53:58-˛61)

\_n-h-N\w

A\kv (d) \nth-Z\w: A√m-lp-hns‚

dkq¬ (k) ]d™p: "\nß-fpsS ktlm-

Z-cs\ a¿±-I-\m-bn-cn-°p-tºmgpw a¿±n-X-

\m-bn-cn-°p-tºm-gpw klm-bn-°p-I. A\p-

N-c -∑m¿ tNmZn®p: "A√m-lp -hns‚

dkqte a¿±n-X-\m-bn-cn-°p-tºmƒ Hcmsf

klm-bn-°p-∂Xv icn Xs∂. Hcp a¿±-

Is\ Rßƒ Fßns\ klm-bn-°m-\m-

Wv?' dkq¬ {]Xn-h-Zn-®p: "a‰p-≈-hsc a¿±n-

°p-∂-Xn¬ \n∂pw Abmsf XS-bpI'

(_pJm-cn)

bp-K-i_vZw

`qan-bn¬ ]Xn-°p∂ssZh-tIm]w

CXv Ft∏m-gmWv kw -hn-°pI? Ipd®v \mfp-Iƒ°p-≈ntem Ipd®v BgvN-Iƒ°p-

≈ntem Ipd®v amk-ßƒ°p-≈ntem Ipd®v sIm√-ßƒ°p-≈ntem F∂v Ft∂mSv

]d-b-s∏- n´n-√. ASptØm AIt∂m Ft∏mƒ AXv kw -hn-®mepw AXv Hcp `qI-

ºtam as‰-s¥-¶n-eptam Bbmepw AXns‚ ImTn-\y-ßƒ bm-\Iw Xs∂-bm-bn-cn-

°pw. Fs‚ kl-Po-hn-I-fm-bn- p-≈-h-tcm-Sp≈ AKm-[amb A\p-Iº ImcWw Rm≥

\n¿_-‘n-X-\m-bn-Øo¿∂n- n-s√-¶n¬ Rm\nXv ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. AXpsIm≠v tI´p-

sIm-≠mepw, Rm\nXm \nßƒ°v ap∂-dnbn∏v \¬In-°-gn-™n-cn-°p-∂p. qanbnXm

tIƒ°p∂p. kZvhrØn-bn¬ \n∂v B¿ hyXn-N-en-°p-∂pthm AIr-Xy-ß-fn-te°v

Nm™n-cn-°p-∂pthm qansb Xs‚ ]m]-ß-fm¬ ]¶n-e-am-°p-∂pthm Ah≥ ]nSn-

°-s∏-Spw. Xs‚ tIm]w qan-bn¬ ]Xn-°m≥ t]mIp-∂-Xmbn k¿Δ-i-‡≥ Xm°oXv

sNøp-∂p. F¥p-sIm-s≠-∂m¬ qan-bn¬ ]m]hpw Xn∑bpw \nd-™n-cn-°p-∂p. ("A¬

C≥Zm¿' ˛ 1905 G{]n¬ 5 hn⁄m-]-\w)

400

5

2010 \hw_¿

AXn-{I-an-Iƒ°v A[n-I-\m-fn√

temIN-cn{Xw \mK-cnI kwkvIm-c-ß-fptSbpw km{am- p-I-fp-tSbpw D∞m-\-]-X-\-ß-

fpsS Ncn-{Xw IqSn-bm-Wv. uXn-I-N-cn-{X-Im-c-∑m¿°v Cu D∞m-\-]-X-\-ßƒ°v Ah-cp-tS-Xmb

Imc-W-ßfpw hni-I-e-\-ßfpw hni-Zo-I-c-W-ßfpw ]d-bmdp≠v. ]t£, am\-h-N-cn{Xw [m¿Ωn-

Ihpw ss\Xn-I-hp-amb Hcp Aew-L-\o-b kq{X-hm-Iy-Øn-\-\p-k-cn®mWv Nen-°p-∂-sX∂v kq£va-

Zr-°p-Iƒ°v a\- n-em-hpw. Cu Ncn-{X-]m-T-amWv \mw kzmb-Ø-am-t°-≠-Xv.

km{am-Py-Xz-tam-lhpw sImtfm-Wn-b≥ at\m- m-hhpw sh®p-]p-e¿Øp∂ Al¶m-cn-Ifpw

i‡n-im-en-I-fp-amb P\-ßƒ Xßƒ Iog-S-°nb tZi-ßsf On∂- n-∂-am-°p-Ibpw AhnSsØ

P\-X-bpsS kº-Øn-t\bpw hyh-ÿ-tbbpw XI¿Øv Xcn-∏-W-am-°p-Ibpw sNøpI F∂-Xv

]ucm-WnI Imew apX-te-bp≈ km{am- p-I-fpsS s]mXp-k-{º-Zm-b-amWv. Cu ]mc-º-cysØ Nq≠n-

°mń ti_-bnse cm⁄n _n¬°nkv ]d-™-Imcyw Jp¿-B≥ D≤-cn-°p∂p:

Ahƒ ]d™p: cmPm-°-∑m¿ Hcp \mń¬ {]th-in-®p-I-gn-™m¬ Ah-c-Xns\

XI¿Øp-I-f-bp-Ibpw B \m´p-Im-cmb am\y-∑msc \nμy-cm-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. Ah¿

Aßs\ Xs∂-bmWv sNøpI' (27:35).

]t£, Aßs\ A{I-a-Im-cn-Ifpw a¿±-I-cp-ambn hmW c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-Ifpw P\-X-Ifpw Ncn-

{X-Øns‚ kpZo¿L {]{In-b-bn¬ \in®v \mam-h-ti-j-ambn t]mIp-I-bmWv sNbvX-Xv. Jp¿-

B≥ ]d-bp∂p:

"Ch¿ `qan-bn¬ k©-cn®nńt√, F¶n¬ Ch¿°v aptº D≠m-bn-cp-∂-h-cpsS A¥yw

Fßs\bmbn-cn-°p-sa∂v Ch¿°v t\m°n-°m-Wm-am-bn-cp-∂p. Ah¿ i‡n-bnepw `qan-

bn¬ Ah¿ hn´p-t]mb AS-bm-f-ß-fnepw Ch-tc-°mƒ {]_-e-cm-bn-cp-∂p. ]t£, Ah-

cpsS ]m]-ßƒ \nanØw A√mlp Ahsc ]nSn-Iq-Sn. F∂m¬ A√m-lp-hn-s\-Xn-cn¬ Hcp

c£-I\pw Ah¿°p-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√.' (40:22)

]mh-ß-tfbpw \n -lm-b-tcbpw B{Ian®pw Ahsc Iq -s°me sNbvXpw Imem-Imew

`qan-bn¬ B[n-]Xyw ÿm]n-°m≥ Hcp P\-X°pw c-W-Iq-S-Øn\pw km[y-a-√. Ata-cn-°-bpsS

t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ ]m›m-Xy-cm-Py-ßƒ Cdm-Jn¬ sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂ AIr-Xy-ßƒ temIw

CuønsS Adn™p \Sp-ßn-t∏m-bn. C{km-tb¬ ]mIn-kvXm≥ c-W-°q-S-ßƒ Xß-fpsS kz¥w

`c-Wm-Xn¿Øn-bn-ep≈ P\-ß-tfmSp sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂Xpw CØcw {Iqc-X-I-fm-Wv. Cu

AXym-Nm-c-ßfpw B{I-a-W-ßfpw Ah-cpsS Xs∂ \mi-Øn\v tlXp-hmbnØocp-∂-Xm-Wv.

tkz—m-[n-]-Xnbpw sImSpw-a¿±-I-\p-amb n¿-Hus‚ IpSpw-_-Øn¬s]´ ⁄m\nbpw hnth-

In-bp-amb Hcmƒ {]I-Sn-∏n® Bi¶ ]¶p-sh-®p-sIm≠v Cu Ipdn-∏-h-km-\n-∏n-°mw.

"Fs‚ P\ta, C∂v \nßƒ°m-Wm-[n-]-Xyw. \mń¬ tPXm-°-fmWv \nßƒ. F∂m¬

A√m-lp-hns‚ in£ \ap°v hcp-∂-Xm-bm¬ AXn¬ \n∂v \sΩ c£n®v klm-bn-°p-∂-

h-\m-cm-Wv? (40:30)

apJ-°p-dn∏v

401

6

kXyZqX≥

Cu cmPyØv {]f-b-k-am\w

\nc-h[n aX-hn- m-K-ßfpw aX-ssh-

hn-[y-ß-fp-ap-≠v. Nn¥°pw \nc-¥-

c-ambp≈ shfn-]m-Sp-Iƒ°pw

tijw F\n°v a\- n-em-°m≥

Ign-™-Xv Ah¿ XΩn-ep≈ Ie-

l-Øn\v ImcWw an° Bfp-I-fp-

sSbpw Bflo-b-amb Ign-hp-I-fp-

sSbpw ssZh-` -b-Øn-s‚bpw

timj-WamWv. kXyhpw Ak-

Xyhpw Xncn-®-dn-bp∂ Bflo-b-sh-

fn®w Ah-cpsS an°-h-cp-tSbpw

lrZ-b-Øn¬ \n∂v \njv{I-an-®n-cn-

°p-∂p. temIw \mkvXn-I-Xz-Øn

s‚ h¿Æw kzoI-cn-®p-sIm≠v.

\mhv shdpsX ssZhw, ]c-ta-iz-

c≥ F∂o hN-\-ßƒ am{Xw Dc-

hnSp-I-bm-Wv. lrZbw ISpØv Iq-

Sp-X¬ \ntj-[-Øn-te°v Nmbp-

∂p. kZvIr-Xy-ß-fpsS A`mhw

CXv km£o-I-cn-°p-∂p. cl-ky-

Øn¬ kZvPo-hnXw \bn-°p-∂-h-

cpsS Bflm¿ ∞-Xsb Rm≥

tNmZyw sNøp-∂n-√. ]t£, aX-

Øns‚ s]mXp-th-bp≈ e£yw

Ah-K-Wn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. lrZb]cn-

ip≤n hcp-ØpI, Znhy-Xz-Øns‚

bYm¿∞-kvt\lw, ssZh-kr-jvSn-

I-tfm-Sp≈ bYm¿∞-Øn-ep≈

A\pIº, Icp-W, \oXn, km[p-

Øcw AXv t]mse- kmXzn-I-X,

]cn-ip≤n, kXyw apX-emb aX-

Øns‚ bYm¿∞ ssNX-\y-amb

[m¿Ωn-I-Kp-W-ßfpw ssIh-cp-

Øp-∂-Xn¬ Bfp-Iƒ A{i-≤-

Bflo-b-amb timjWw

lZvdØv AlvaZv (A)

cmWv. aX-]-c-amb hnhm-Z-ßƒ

h¿≤n-®p-h-cn-Ibpw Bflo-bX

timjn-®p-h-cn -Ibpw sNøpI

F∂Xv ZpxJ-I-c-am-Wv. {]]-©

sØ krjv-Sn® ssZhsØ Adn-

b-emWv aX-Øns‚ bYm¿∞

Bh-iyw. Ah-t\m-Sp≈ kvt\lw

Hcp ]cn-[n-sb-Øn-°-gn-™m¬

]ns∂ as‰-√m-‰n-t\m-Sp-ap≈ kvt\

lw Icn-™p-t]m-Ip-∂-Xm-Wv.

Ahs‚ krjvSn-I-tfm-Sp≈ A\p-

Iº D≠m-hp-Ibpw bYm¿∞ ]cn-

ip-≤n-bpsS hkv{Xw AWn-bp-

Ibpw sNøp-∂p. C°m-eØv aX-

Øns‚ Cu e£yw Ah-K-Wn-°-

s∏-Sp -Ibpw an° Bfp-Ifpw

\mkvXn-I-Xz-Øns‚ ]e imJ-I-

fnepw H´n-∏n-Sn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-

°p-∂p. ssZhsØ kw_-‘n®

t_m≤yw ZpxJ-I-c-amwhn[w timjn-

®p-t]m-bn-cn-°p-∂p. CXv ImcWw

Xn∑-Iƒ sNøm-\p≈ [m¿jvSyw

h¿≤n-®p-h-cn-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Hcp

Imcyw hfsc hy‡-am-Wv. t_m

[y-an-√mØ Hcp Imcyw lrZbw

]n¥p-S-cn-√. t_m≤y-an-√msX Hcp

Imcy-tØmSv bmsXmcp kvt\l

hpw Hcmƒ°v P\n-°p-∂n√. AXn

s\ b-s∏-Sp-I-bn-√. F√m-X-c-Øn-

ep≈ `bhpw kvt\lhpw t_m

≤y-ß-fn¬ \n∂mWv kwPm-X-am-

hpI.

C°m-eØv ImWp∂ ]m]-

Øns‚ B[n-Iy-Øn\v ImcWw

ssZh-sØ-∏‰n-bp≈ [mc-W-°p-d-

hm-Wv. Hcp kXy-a-X-Øns‚ G‰

hpw henb AS-bmfw ssZh-sØ-

∏-‰n-bp≈ t_m≤yØn-t‚bpw

Ah-[m-c-W-Øn-t‚bpw \nc-h[n

hgn-Iƒ ka¿∏n-°pI F∂XmWv.

CXmWv a\p-jys\ ]m]-Ir-Xy-ß-

fn¬ \n∂pw XS-bp-∂-Xv. CXv hgn

a\p-jy≥ ssZhn-I-ku-μ-cy-sØ-

]‰n PmK-c-s∏-Sp-Ibpw Ah≥

ssZh-kvt\-l-Øn¬ \na-·-\m-hp-

Ibpw sNøp-∂p. ssZh-Øn¬

\n∂p≈ _‘-hn-tO-Z\w Ah\v

\c-I-Xp-ey-ambn A\p-`-h--s∏-Sp-

Ibpw sNøp-∂p. ]m]-Øn¬ \n

∂pw \n¿ap-‡-\mbn ssZh-kvt\-

l-Øn¬ ka¿-∏n-X-\m-hpI F∂-

Xv a\p-jys‚ al-Ømb Hcp

e£y-amWv. AXmWv G‰hpw

kwXr-]vX-I-c-amb kz¿§ob Pohn

Xw. ssZh-kvt\-l-Øn\v hncp-≤-am-

b-sX√mw \cIm-·n-bm-Wv. AXn

s‚ At\z-j-W-Øn-∂mbn Ah≥

Xs‚ Pohn-Xw ka¿∏n-°p-tºmƒ

Hcp \c-I-Po-hn-X-amWv Abmƒ

\bn-°p-∂-Xv. Fßs\-bmWv

Hcmƒ°v CØcw Pohn-X-Øn¬

\n∂v tamN\-ap-≠m-hpI? ssZhn-

I-Xsb kw_-‘n®v Ahn-I-ehpw

]q¿Æhp-amb bYm¿∞-⁄m\w

Cu \c-Im-·n-bn¬ \n∂pw c£-

s∏-Sm-\p≈ am¿§w CXm-sW∂v

Cu ]cn-t{]£y-Øn¬ ssZhw

⁄m\w aptJ\ Fs∂ Adn-bn-

®n-cn-°p-∂p. (e-IvN¿ emtlm¿ 3˛4)

402

7

2010 \hw_¿

]mIn-kvXm≥ : A{I-an-I-fpsS]mIn-kvXm≥ : A{I-an-I-fpsS]mIn-kvXm≥ : A{I-an-I-fpsS]mIn-kvXm≥ : A{I-an-I-fpsS]mIn-kvXm≥ : A{I-an-I-fpsS

ssII-fn¬ssII-fn¬ssII-fn¬ssII-fn¬ssII-fn¬

lZvdØv an¿km akvdq¿ AlvaZv (AøZ-lp...)

Jeo- -Øp¬ akolv V

08˛10- 2010\v ss_Øp¬ ^pXqlv e≠-\n¬ \n¿Δ-ln®

JpXzv_bn¬ \n∂v

"B ]mc-{XnI `h-\-am-I-s´,

`qan-bn¬ Hu≤Xyw \Sn-°mt\m

Ipg∏-ap-≠m-°mt\m Dt±in°m-

Ø-h¿°v \mw \¬Ip∂-XmWv.

ip -]-cy-h-km\w tZmj-_m-[sb

kq£n-°p -∂-h¿°m-Ip∂p.'

(28:84)

"Ah-cpsS a\- p-Iƒ°v B

ZrjvSm-¥-ßsf kw_-‘n®v

ZrV-hn -izmkap≠mbncns°-

Xs∂ A-{I-a-ambpw Al-¶m-c-

ambpw A-h¿ Ahsb \ncm-I-cn-

°p-I-bmWp≠m--bXv. At∏mƒ

\mi-Im-cn-I-fpsS ]-cy-h-km\w

F-ß-s\-bmbncp-∂p-sh∂v t\m

°pI.' (27:15)

k¬°¿Ωßfpw ]m]hpw,

hn\-bhpw Al-¶m-chpw, k-am-[m-

\hpw kvt\lhpw Ipg-∏-ß-fpw,

A\p-k-c-Whpw [n-°m-chpw AXp

t]mse-bp≈ a‰p Imcy-ßfpw

\∑-Xn≥aI-fn¬ \ap°v ImWm-hp-

∂-XmWv. CXns‚ Hcp mKw Imcp-

Wy-hm-\mb A√m-lp-hp-ambn

_‘w ÿm]n-°p-∂-h-cpsS AS-

bm-fhpw c≠m-a-tØXv ssi

Øms‚ aSn-bn--te°v hogp-∂-

hcpsS A-S-bm-f-Ønte°p-amWv

sh-fn®w hoip-∂Xv. Ch c≠pw

hn]-coX ZniI-fmWv. A√mlp

\∑-Iƒ sNøm-\mbn I¬∏n-°p-

tºmƒ ssi-Øm≥ AXn¬ \n∂v

XSbm-\mbn {i-an-°p-I-bpw, GsX

√mw Xn∑-I-fn¬ \n∂v A√mlp -a-

\p-jys\ XS-bp∂pthm ssiz

Øm≥ AXv sNøm-\mbn I¬]n-

°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p. [n°mcw

F∂Xv ssiØms‚ {]Ir-XØn-

ep≈XmWv . CXns\ Ipdn®v

A√mlp Hcp ÿeØv C{]Imcw

]dbp∂p. Xo¿®-bmbpw ]nimNv

Imcp-Wy--hm-\mb A√m-lp-hns\

[n°-cn-°p-∂-h-\mWv. ssi-Øm

s‚ ]n∂n¬ \S°p-∂-h¿ A√m

lphns‚ ]nSp-Ø-Øn¬ hcp-sa∂-

Xn¬ bm-sXmcp kwibhpan√.

Rm≥ t\csØ tIƒ∏n® c≠v

BbØp-I-fp-sSbpw A¿∞w \n-

ßƒ tI´p Ign™p. AXn¬ c≠v

Xcw B-fp-I-sf-°p-dn-®mWv ]cm-

a¿in°p∂Xv. Hcp hn`mKw Al-

¶m-c-Øn¬ \n∂pw Ipg-∏-ß-fn¬

\n ∂pw kzbw c£-s∏--Sp--∂-hcpw

]ca-Im-cp-Wn-Is‚ Zm-k-cp-amWv.

F∂m¬ A\o-Xnbpw A{I-ahpw

Ipg∏ßfpw D≠m-°p-∂-h¿ Al-

¶m-cn-Ifpw ssiØms‚ in¶n-Sn-I-

fp-amWv. C°m-c-W-Øm¬ Xs∂

A√m-lp-hns‚ \S-]-Sn-{I-a-a-\pk-

cn®v Ch¿ XßfpsS tam-i-amb

]cy-h-km-\-ØnseØnt®-cp-∂-

XmWv.

]mIn-kvXm-\-nse _lp-`q-cn-

`mKw t]cpw akvenwI-fmWv. h-f-

sc-b-[nIw ]mInkvXm\n ktlm-

Zc∑m¿ Fs‚ apºnen-cn-°p-∂p≠v.

tem-I-Ønse ]e mKß-fnepw ]m-

°nkvXm\n AlvaZn-Iƒ hfsc

{i≤-tbmsS JpXzp_ tIƒ°p-∂p-

≠mIpw. \n¿`m-Ky-h-im¬ ssZ-hnI

I¬]-\-Iƒ {]mh¿ØnI-am-°p-∂-

Xn¬ hn-Zq-c-_‘w t]mep-an-√m--Ø-

h-cpsS ssII-fn-emWv C∂v ]m°n-

kvXm≥ AI-s∏-´n -cn -°p-∂Xv.

F∂m¬ A√mlp \ntcm[n®

Imcy-ßƒ AhnsS hym]-I-ambn

\S-∂p-h-cp∂p. Cu hn`mKw C∂v

cmjv{Sob t\Xm-°≥am-scbpw c-

W-Im-cy-ßƒ ssIImcyw sNøp-

∂-h-scbpw Xß-fpsS hcp-Xn-bn-

403

8

kXyZqX≥

em-°n-bn-cn-°p∂p. C-Xns‚ ^-e-

ambn Znh-tk\ Xosh∏pw, Ip-g-∏-

ßfpw sIme]mX-Ißfpw \S-°p-

∂-Xm-bn-°mWmw. Np-cp-°n∏d-

™m¬ cmjv-{Sob ]m¿ń-°mcpw

cm-Py-Øns‚ Imcy-ßƒ {i≤n-®p-

h-cp-∂-h-cp-sa√mw CØ-c-°m-cmbn

amdn-bn-cn-°p∂p. ]m-In-kvXms‚

Bcw`w apX¬ C∂ hsc A“-

Znøm Pam-Øn‚ Jeo-^-am¿

cmjv{Sob t\-Xm°∑mtcmSpw a‰v

s]mXp-P-\-ß-tfmSpw Cu Hcp hn-

`m-K-Øn¬ \n∂v c£s∏´p sIm

≈m-\mbn ]d-™p-sIm-≠n-cp∂p.

Ch¿ Cu cm-PysØ aX-Xo-{h-hm-

Z-Øn-te°v sIm≠vt]mIm-\mWv

B-{K-ln-°p-∂Xv. s]mX-P-\-ß-fm-

sW-¶n¬ Xß-fpsS Adn-hn-√mbva

sIm≠pw Ckveman-t\m-Sp≈ kvt\

lw sIm≠pw Cu ITn\lr-Z-

bcpsS ]nSn-bn¬ AI-s∏ńcn-°p--

bm-Wv. Zmcn{Zyw ImcWw Ah¿°v

Nn-¥n-°m≥ t]mepw k-abw e`n-

°p-∂p-an√ F∂XmWv hmkvXhw.

(A-hn-SsØ `qcn`mKhpw Zcn-{Z-

cmWv) cmjv{Sob t\-Xm-°-∑m-cm-

sW--¶n¬ X-ß-fpsS Imcyem -Øn-

\mbn aXth-j-[m-cn-I-fp-ambn Icm-

dp--I-fn-te¿s∏Sp-Ibpw Ah¿°v

Bh-iy-Øn-e-[nIw kzmX{¥yw

\¬-Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp. C\n C-h-

cn-√msX cmjv{Sob ]m¿ń-Iƒ°v

tim`n °m≥ km[n-°p-I-bn√

F∂v hsc Imcy-sa-Øn-bn-cn-°p

∂p. aX-th-j[m-cn-I-fpsS Iq´v

]nSn-°msX ]m¿ńIƒ°v C\n

\ne-\n¬∏n√ F∂mWv Hmtcm

cmjv{Sob ]m¿ńbpw Icp-Xp-∂Xv.

F√mw Adn-™vsIm≠v Xs∂

Ckvemans‚ \ma-[m-cn-Ifpw thj-

[m-cn-I-fp-amb Ch¿°v C√mØ

{]m[m\yw \¬Inbn-cn-°-bm-Wv.

X¬ -e-ambn ]m-°n--ÿm-\n¬ \n-

ba hyh-ÿbv°v bmsbmcp hn-

e-bp-an-√mØ Ah-ÿ-hsc Im-cy-

-sa-Øn-bn-cn-°p∂p. AXv \mƒ

tXmdpw h¿≤n® hcn-I-bmWv. kn--

hn-en-b≥amcpw \n¿_-‘n-X-cmWv.

Ct∏mƒ hfsc A]-I-S-c-amb Hcp

L -Øn-emWv F-Øn-\n¬°p-∂Xv.

tdbvt©¿kv F∂ tk-\m-hn- m-K-

Øn\v Hcp ImeØv kam[m\w

ÿm]n-°p∂ Imcy-Øn¬ hfsc

{]m[m\yw \¬In-bn-cp∂p. CXv

t]mse a‰v ssk-\y-ßƒ t]mepw

B[p-\n-I-amb Bbp-[-ß-fpsS

Imcy-Øn¬ Xo-{h-hm-Zn-Ifpambn

Xmc-Xayw sNøp-tºmƒ Hcp ÿm-

\-hp-an-√m-bn-cp∂p. Xß-fpsS em`w

am{Xw ImWp-∂-h-cpw X∂n-jvS-

°mcpw Ckvem-ans‚bpw A√m-lp-

hn-s‚bpw t]cn¬ A\o-Xnbpw A-

Xn-{I-ahpw sNøp-∂-hcpw Cu

cmPysØ ]cn-Xm-]-I-c-amb Ah-

ÿ-bn--te-s°-Øn-®n-cn -°p∂p.

{]Xy-£-Øn¬ F-{X-{i-an--®mepw

Cu cmPysØ A{I-a-I-fn¬ \n∂v

c£n-°m≥ AlvaZn-I-ƒ°v km[n-

°p-∂-X√. F-∂m¬ Hmtcm ]m°n-

ÿm\o Alv-a-Zn-bp-sSbpw cm-Py-

kvt\lw Ahcn¬ \n∂m-h-iy-s∏-

Sp-∂-Xv, Xßƒ cmPy-kvt\-ln-I-fm-

sW∂v \Sn-°p∂ Nne \ma[mcn

Iƒ F{X Xs∂ \sΩ cmPy-t{Zm-

ln-Isf∂v ap-{Z-Ip-Øn-bmepw F√m

hn[ AXn-{I-a-ßfpw \S-Øn-

bmepw cm-Py-Øn\v th≠n {]m¿

∞nt°≠-XmWv. CXv ]mIn ÿm

\n AlvaZnI-fpsS I¿Øhy

hpamWv. Cu cmPysØ oXn-bn¬

\n∂v c£--s∏-SpØ-W-sa-¶n¬ AXv

AlvaZn-IfpsS {]m¿∞\Iƒ°v

am{Xta Ignbq. ]m°n--kvXm-\n¬

\S∂v hcp∂ CØcw hn\m-i-I-c-

amb {]-h-W-X-Iƒ ImcWw a‰v

cmPy-ßƒ ]m°n-kvXm\v ta¬ ]n-

Sn-ap-dp-°p-I-bmWv. ]m°n-kvXm-

\n¬ Xs∂ ]e-hn-[- Ip-g-∏-ßfpw

Xo-{h-hm-Z-ßfpw \S-Ønbpw kz

Øp-°ƒ A·n-°n-c-bm-°nbpw

XI¿Øpw Cu cmPysØ Xo¿

Øpw Ch¿ _elo-\-am-°pI-

bmWv. CXmtWm cmPy-kvt\lw?

F√m Xo{h-hmZ kwL-S-\-I-fn¬

\n∂pw CØ-c-Øn-ep≈ {]h¿Ø

\-ß-fmWv -Im-Wm≥ -I-gn-bp-∂Xv.

AlvaZn-Iƒ C-t∏mƒ ]m°n--kvXm-

\n¬ G‰hpw IqSp-X¬ A{I-an-°-

s∏-Sp-∂-h-cmWv. AlvaZnIfpsS

Ah-Im-i-ßƒs°m∂pw bmsXm

cp hne-bp-an√. c-W-Iq-S-hp-ambpw

cmjv{-So-b-hp-ambpw \ap°v bmsXm

cp _‘-hp-an√. F∂m¬ A⁄-

cmb Nne uXn-I-hm-Zn-I-fpsS [mc-

W, AlvaZnøm Pam-AØv hyh-

ÿm-]n-X-amb Hcp kwL-S\-bm-

sW∂pw Hcp ImeØv Ch¿

`cWw ]nSns®Sp-°p-sa∂p-amWv.

Rßƒ°v ]m°n-ÿms‚ c-W-]-

c-amb Imcy-ß-fntem temI-Øn

se at‰Xv cmPy-ß-fnse c-W-Im-

cy-ß-fntem Xm¬]-cy-an√. F∂m¬

Hcp cmPy-°m-cs\∂ \nebv°v B

cmPy-tØmSv hniz -kvXXbpw

Iqdpw ]pe¿ØpI F∂Xv Rß-

fpsS _m≤y-X-bmWv. F√m cmPy-

ß-fnse Ala-Zn-Ifpw Xß-fpsS

cmPyw temI-cm-Py-ß-fpsS ap≥\n-

c-bn¬ ImWm\m{Kln--°p-Ibpw

AXn∂mbn {i-an-°p-Ibpw {]m¿

∞n°pIbpw sNøp∂p. A-ß-s\-

Xs∂-bmWv th≠Xpw. HclvaZn

hy-‡n-]-c-ambn Nnet∏mƒ GsX-

¶nepw cmPy-Øns‚ cmjv{Sob

]m¿ńI-fpambn tN¿-∂v {]h¿Øn-

°p∂p. temI-Øns‚ hnhn[ cm-

404

9

2010 \hw_¿

Py-ß-fn¬ AlvaZn hy‡n-]c

ambn Nnet∏mƒ GsX-¶nepw

cmPy-Øns‚ \∑-°mbn {]h¿

Øn-°p-I-bmsW¶n¬ Nne¿ {]Xn-

]£Øv AWn-\n-c∂v cmPy-Øn

s‚ ]ptcm-K-Xn-°mbn {]h¿Ø

\\n-c-X-cm-Ip∂p. Hcp cmPy-sØ

]uc≥ F∂-Xn-ep-]cn AlvaZnøm

Pam--AØnt\m, AlvaZnøm Jn

em^Ønt\m Hcp cmPy-Øn-s‚

bpw cWw ssI--°-em-°p∂ Imcy-

Øn¬ bmsXmcp Xm¬]-cy-hp-an√.

AXv \-ΩpsS Dt-±-iy-hp-a√. \ap

°v lZvdØv dkq¬ Xn-cp-ta\n(k)

bpsS kXy-k-‘-\mb t{]an- Im

Wn®pXs∂ am¿§w cmPy-Øns‚

`uXnIm[n-Imcßsf sh-´n-∏n-Sn-

°pI F∂-X√. B-flob cmPm-[n-

Imcw Ic-K-X-am-°pI F∂-XmWv

RßfpsS Dt±iw. A√m-lp-hns‚

{]oXn-bpsS IncoSw Ic-ÿ-am-

°pI F∂-XmWv Rß-fpsS

e£yw. GsX√mw cWIq-S-ßƒ

°v cmPy-Øns‚ ]ptcmK-Xn°pw

\ne-\n¬-∏n\pw th≠ A`n-{]mb

ßfpw XymK-ßfpw Bh-iy-ambn

h∂n-´pt≠m AlvaZnøm Pam

AØv AXv \¬In-h-cp∂p. Alv

aZn-I-fmb \mw ]mIn-ÿm-\nepw

a‰pw hy-‡n-]-c-ambpw P-am-AsØ

∂ \n-ebv°pw F√mhn[ A{I-a--

ßfpw kln-®vsIm≠v XßfpsS

cmPy-°m¿ GsX¶nepw Zpcn-X-

ßfn¬ AI-s∏Sptºmƒ hf-sc-b-

[nIw hnj-an--°m--dp≠v. R-ß-fpsS

]cn{iaw c-W-Øn\v th≠n-b√.

RßfpsS ]cn{iaw cmPy-Øns‚

\ne\n¬]n\pw s]mXp-P-\ßƒ

°pw th≠nbmWv. Zpc¥ßƒ

h∂v Ign™m¬ AXn¬ \n∂v

cmPysØ c£-n-°m≥ RßfpsS

Ign-hns‚ ]c-am-h[n Rßƒ ]cn-

{i-an-°p∂p. CXv Rß-fpsS {]nb-

bPam\≥ Rßƒ°v apºn¬

sNbvXv ImWn® amXr-I-Iƒ ]n≥

]-‰p-∂-XvsIm-≠mWv B am¿§-Øn-

te-°mWv A√mlp hgn-Im- p-∂Xv.

dkqens‚ Cu am¿§sØ ]n≥]-

‰pI F∂Xv \nßƒ°v \n¿_-‘-

amWv F∂m Wv A√mlp Adn-bn-

®n-cn-°p-∂Xv.

a\p-jy-kvt\-ln-bmb B

{]hm-N-I≥ \ap°v ap-ºn¬ ka¿

∏n® amXr-I-Iƒ, \nß-fpsS kz¥

k¶-S-ßsf ad∂v sIm≠v a\p-

jy\v th≠n tk-h\w sNøpI

F∂-XmWv. as‰mcp Dt±-iyhpw

\ΩpsS apºnen√. kvt\lw am{Xw

ap-∂n¬sh-®vsIm≠v CsX √mw

sNøp-∂Xv. Ab¬°msc k-lm-

bn-°pI F∂Xns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-

Øn¬ \nß-fpsS cmPy-°mcpw

\nß-fpsS Ab¬°m-sc-t]m-se-

bmWv. cm-Py-Ønse a-‰p-≈-h¿°v

hn-jaw t\cn´mepw k¬{]-Ir-X-

°m-cm-b-h¿°v hn-j-a-ap-≠m-Ip∂p.

\ap°v A\o--Xn--bp-amtbm Ipg-∏-

ßfpamtbm bm-sXmcp _‘-hp-

an√. Rßƒ hn\-b-Øn-s‚bpw

kvt\l-Øn-s‚bpw {]Nm-c-I-cmWv.

P\-ßƒ A√m-lp-hn¬ \n∂-I-ep-

∂-XvI≠v hn-j-an® B \_n-bn¬

hniz-kn-®-h-cmWv \mw. Ah¿

ssZhnI in-£-bn¬ A-Is∏Sp

∂Xv B alm-\p-`m-h\v kln-°p-

am-bn-cp-∂n√. P\-ßƒ A√m-lp-

hns\ a-d∂vsIm≠v \m-i-Øns‚

K¿Ø-ß-fn¬ hogp-∂-Xn¬ \n∂v

c£s∏-Sm-\mbn cm{XnI-fn¬ Ahn-

S∂v {]m¿∞\m-\n-c-X-\mbn.

\ΩpsS bP-am-\-\mb apl-

ΩZv \_nbpsS kaq-l-Øn¬

s]´htcmSv \-ap°v kl-Xm-]-

ap≠v. Cu kaqlw \_nbpsS

ktμiw kzoIcn®v Camw a-

lvZnsb hniz-kn-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn

Rßƒ {iaw \SØnhcp∂p.

Ah¿ Cu temIØpw ]c-tem-

IØpw ssZhnIin£-I-fn¬

\n∂v c£-s∏-Sp-∂-h-cm-Is´.

Ign™ Ipd®v h¿j-ßfn-

embn Rm-s\s‚ {]`m-j-W-

ßfnepw JpXzp--_-I-fnepw ]-d-bm-

\p≈ Hcp Imcyw, `q-I-º-ß-fpa

{]f-bhpw sImSp¶m‰p-sa√mw

Ign™ 100 h¿j-ß-fmbn hf-sc-

b-[nIw i‡n-{]m-]n-®n-cn-°p∂p

F∂mWv. A√m-lp-hn-\m¬ A-b-

°s∏´ Bƒ°p≈ sX-fn-hp-I-fm-

WnXv. l: akolv auDuZv CXn

s\Ip-dn®v hfsc hyIvX-ambn ]d-

™n-cn-°p∂p. AXm-bmXv qI-º-

ßfpw sImSp-¶m‰pw {]f-b-ßfpw

Xs‚ B-Ka-\-Øn\v km£yw ]d-

bp-∂XmWv. At±-l-Øns‚ Im-

eL´w ap-X¬ C∂v hsc Cu ssZ

hnI km£y-ßƒ ]p--e-cp∂p. a‰v

cmPy--ß-sf-t∏mse CØc q-I-º-

ßƒ sIm≠v ]mInÿm-\nepw

\mi-\-jvS-ßƒ D-≠m-bn-sIm-≠n-cn-

°p∂p F∂Xv F√mh¿ °padn-

bmw.

sFIy-cmjv{SkwL-S-\-bpsS

dn-t∏m¿´\p-k-cn®v Cub-Sp-Øp-

≠mb ]m°n-ÿm-\nse sh-≈-

s]m°w ImcWw F{Xtbm kp\m-

an -I-fp -≠m-°p∂ \mi-ß-sf-

°mfpw henb \mijvSßfmWv

kw`hn®v sIm≠n--cn-°p∂ C-Øcw

AS-bm-f-ßƒ akolv auDuZv(A)

s‚ kXy-km-£y-ß-fm-sW∂v

F√m AlvaZnIƒ°pw \∂m-bn- -

dnbmw. temIw CXv a\ nem°n-

bn--s√-¶n¬ AXn- -bm-\-I-amb \mi-

ßfpw hcm≥ km-[y-X-bp≠v.

405

10

kXyZqX≥

Ckvemans\ kw_-‘n®v c≠v

[mc-W-I-fm-Wp-≈-Xv. H∂v Ckvem

ans‚ kXy-k-‘hpw bYm¿∞-

hp-amb A≤ym-]-\-ß-fn¬ \n∂p-

≠m-b-Xm-Wv. AXns\ ]‰n Rm≥

]n∂oSv {]Xn-]m-Zn-°mw. as‰m∂v

C°m-esØ am[y-a-ßƒ hgn {]N-

cn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp∂ as‰mcp apJw. Cu

hisØ∏‰n-bmWv Rm≥ Ct∏mƒ

]d-bm-\m-{K-ln-°p-∂p-≠v. \nßƒ

°v Ckvemans\∏‰n b-ap-s≠-¶n¬

AXv \nc-]-cm-[n-I-fmb Bfp-I-

fpsS c‡samgp-°p-Ibpw oI-cX

krjvSn-°p-Ibpw Nmth-dm-{I-aWw

\S-Øp-Ibpw sNøp∂ Ckveman

s\°pdn-®m-sW∂v Rm≥ Duln-

°p-∂p. As√-¶n¬ aX-k-ap-Zm-b-

ßƒ°n-S-bn¬ kv]¿≤ D≠m-°p-

Ibpw qcn-]£ apkvenw cmPy-ß-

fm¬ i‡n D]-tbm-Kn®v \yq\-]-

£-ßƒ°v ta¬ ico-AØv \S-

∏m-°m≥ {ian-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂

Ckvemans\°pdn-®m-bn-cn-°pw.

AXp-a-s√-¶n¬ CØcw B{I-

aWw \S-Øp-Ibpw CØ-c-Øn-

ep≈ ho£Ww sh®p-]p-e¿Øp-

Ibpw sNøp∂ apkvenw Xo{h-hm-

Zn-Isf kw_-‘n-®m-bn-cn-°pw.

Ckvemw temIkam[m\Øn\v`oj-Wn-tbm?

auem\m AXm-D¬ apPo_v dminZv

(Camw, e≠≥ tamkvIv)

t]mf-≠nse P\-ßƒ°v Ckvemw aXsØ ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m≠v

hmgvkm bqWn-th-gvkn‰nbn¬ e≠≥ tamkvIv Camw sNbvX {]kwKw

AXps√-¶n¬ auen-Im-h-Im-i-

ßƒ \ntj-[n-°p-Ibpw kv{XoI-

tfmSpw AapkvenwI-tfmSpw \n¿

Zb-ambn s]cp-am-dp-Ibpw sNøp∂

Ckvemans\°pdn-®m-bn-cn-°pw.

CØcw Bi-¶-Isf ASn-ÿm-\-

am-°n-bmWv \nßƒ Ckveman-s\-

∏‰n-bp≈ [mc-W-Iƒ cq]o-I-cn-®n-

cn-°p-∂-sX-¶n¬ B Ckvemw

\nß-fpsS cmPy-amb t]mf-≠n\pw

Hcp `oj-Wn-bmbncn°pw. Xo¿®-

bmbpw \nß-fpsS bm-i-¶-Iƒ°v

\ymbo-I-c-W-ap-≠v. \nßƒ°v

am{X-a√ Rm\-S°w temI-Ønse

F√m-h¿°pw CØcw b-∏m-Sp-I-

sf-°p-dn®v ktμ-l-s∏-Sm≥ Ah-

Im-i-ap-≠v. Rm≥ Xs∂ CØcw

Incm-X-amb Ckveman¬ \n∂v HmSn-

sbm-fn-°m≥ _≤-{i-≤-\m-Wv.

F¥m-bn-cp -∂mepw Rm≥

\nßƒ°v Dd∏v Xcm-\m-{K-ln-°p-

∂Xv CsX√mw Xs∂ Ckvemans‚

hnI-e-am-°-s∏´ cq]-ßfpw [mc-

W-IfpamWv. AXn\v bYm¿∞

Ckvemap-ambn bmsXm-cp-_-‘-hp-

an-√. ta¬ {]kvXm-hn® F√m

AXn-{I-a-ß-tfbpw Ckvemw Ak

∂nKv[ambn FXn¿°p-∂p.

hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\nepw Ckv

emanI {]am-W-ß-fnepw tcJ-s∏-

Sp-Ø-s∏´ dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n(-k)-

bpsS I¿Ω-ß-fpw, At±-l-Øns‚

hN-\-ßfpamWv bYm¿∞ Ckv

eans‚ A≤ym-]-\-ßƒ. AXn-\p-

hn-cp-≤-am-b-sXm∂pw Ckveman-I-

a-√. AXp-sIm≠v \nßƒ bYm¿

∞ Ckvemw F¥msW∂pw Ckv

emans\ Zpcp-]-tbmKw sNøp∂h

cpsS kzbw-IrX CkvemanI ho

£-W-sa-¥m-sW∂pw Xncn-®-dntb

≠-Xp-≠v.

\n¿`m-Ky-I-c-sa∂p]d-bs´,

C°m-e-Øvv hen-sbmcp P\-hn- mKw

Bfp-Iƒ Ckvemans‚ bYm¿∞

kuμcyw F¥m-sW∂v a\- n-em-

°p-∂-Xn¬ ]cm-P-b-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p.

Ckvemw im¥n-bpsS Xnf-ßp∂

sshUq-cyw t]mse-bm-Wv. GXv

tImWn¬ \n∂v t\m°n-bmepw

AXv tIhew kam-[m-\-a-√msX

as‰m∂pw {]Zm\w sNøp-∂n-√.

ip≤-amb im¥n-am-{Xw. Ckvem

ans\ F¥mWv kam-[m-\-Øns‚

aX-am°n am‰p-∂-Xv. Ncn{Xw apgp-

h≥ ]c-Xn- t\m-°n-bmepw "kam-

[m\w' F∂ t]¿ kzoI-cn® Hcp

406

11

2010 \hw_¿

aX-ambn Ckvemans\b√msX

ImWm≥ km[y-a-√. B ]Z-Øn\v

ssZh-Øns‚ C—°v ap∂n¬

kºq¿Æ-ambpw Iog -S -ßpI

F∂pw A¿∞-ap-≠v.

Ckvemw aXw Bflm¿∞-

ambn hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw AXns\

A\p-[m-h\w sNøp-Ibpw sN

øp∂ hy‡n-sb-bmWv apkvenw

F∂v ]d-bp-∂-Xv. Hcp apkvenan\v

Ckvemw aX-ÿm-]-Icmb dkq¬

Xncp-ta-\n(-k) \¬Inb \n¿Δ-N-\w

Cß-s\-bm-Wv.

"GsXmcp hy‡n-bpsS \m

hn¬ \n∂pw Ic-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw

as‰-√m-hcpw kpc-£n-X-cmbncn-

°p-∂pthm B hy‡n-bmWv

apkvenw' (kp-\≥ \kmbn thm.

8 InXm-_p¬ Cuam≥). \n¿`m-Ky-

I-c-sa∂p ]d-bs´, C°m-eØv

Ckvemw `oI-c-X-bp-tSbpw c‡-

s®m-cn-®n-e-t‚bpw ]cym-b-ambn

amdn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. P\-X-Iƒ°n-S-

bn¬ kv]¿≤ bp-≠m-°p∂ aX-

amWv Ckvemw F∂v Hcp henb

hn`mKw P\-ßƒ Icp-Xp-∂p.

hkvXp-X-sb-¥m-sW∂v sh®m¬

Ckvemw aXw kam-[m\ Øns‚

G‰hpw al-Xz-am¿∂ aXhpw apl-

ΩZv \_n(-k) kam-[m-\-Øns‚

G‰hpw henb ]pc-kvI¿Ømhpw

a\p-jy-k-ap-Zm-b-Øn\v im¥n

bpsS ktμ-i-a-cp-fnb G‰hpw

henb ktμ-i-hm-l-I-\p-amWv.

Cu hnj-b-ßsf kw_-‘n®v

hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ F¥mWv ]d-

bp-∂-sX∂v t\m°mw.

hnizm-k-kzm-X{¥yw

hnip≤ Jp¿-Bs‚, hfsc

i‡-amb Hcp {]kvXm-h\ C{]-

Im-c-am-Wv.

aX-Øn¬ bmsXm-cp -hn[

_em¬°m-cp-h-an√ (2:257).

F√m -h¿°pw Ah-cpsS

hnizmkw kztb— {]Imcw Xnc-

s™-Sp-°m-\p≈ kzmX{¥y ap≠v

F∂v Jp¿-B≥ Ak-∂n-KvZ-ambn

{]Jym -]n -°p -∂p. `qan -bn¬

Hcmƒ°pw-Xs∂ as‰m-cp-hs‚

hnizm-k-Im-cy-Øn¬ ssII-S-Øm-

t\m, Ckvemw aXw \n¿_-‘n®p

kzoI-cn-∏n-°mt\m bmsXm-c-h-Im-

i-hp-an-√. hnizm-k-kzm-X{¥yw

F√m a\p-jy-cp-tSbpw auen-Im-

hImi-am-Wv. Hmtcm Bƒ°pw

Ah¿ Xnc-s™-Sp-°p∂ aX-

Øn¬ hniz-kn-°m≥ ]q¿W A[n-

Im-c-ap-≠v.

Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp∂p:

]d-bp-I, CXv \nß-fpsS

\mY-\n¬ \n∂p≈ kXyamWv.

AXp-sIm≠v GsXm-cmƒ Dt±-in-

°p-∂pthm Ah≥ hniz-kn-°-

s´. GsXm -cmƒ Dt± -in -°p -

∂pthm Ah-¿ Ahn-iz-kn-°p-

Ibpw sNø-s´. (18:30)

Ckvemw hy‡-amb Hcp

kXy-am-Wv. GsXm-cm-sfbpw Abm-

fpsS hn-izm-k-Øn-\-\p-k-cn®v

Pohn-°m≥ Ckvemw A\p-h-Zn-°p-

∂p. kzoI-cn® hnizmkw Dt]-£n-

°m\pw Abmƒ°v ]cn-]q¿Æ

kzmX-{¥y-ap-≠v. hnizm-k-Im-cy-

Øn¬ bmsXmcp \n¿_-‘hpw

]mSn-√. Hcm-fpsS hnizm-ksØ

\n¿_-‘-]q¿Δw am‰n Ckvem

ans‚ ]£-tØ°v sIm≠ph-c¬

Ckveman¬ A\p-h-Z-\o-b-a-√.

aX-]-cn-Xym-K-Øn-\p≈

in£

\n¿`m-Ky-I-c-sa∂p ]d-bs´,

Nne apkvenwIƒ aXw Dt]-£n-

°p-∂-hs\ h[n®p-I-f-b-W-sa∂v

]d-bp∂p: F∂m¬ hmkvXhw

t\sc adn-®m-Wv. Jp¿-B≥ Fhn-

sSbpw aX-]-cn-Xym-Knsb h[n-

°m≥ ]d-bp-∂n-√. Jp¿-B≥ ]d-

bp∂p:

hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw ]n∂oSv

Ahn-iz-kn-°p-Ibpw ]ns∂bpw

hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw Ahn-iz-kn-°p-

Ibpw ]n∂oSv Ahn -izmkw

h¿≤n-°p-Ibpw sNbvX-h-cmtcm

A√mlp Ah¿°v Hcn-°epw

s]mdpØp-sIm-Sp -°p-I-bn -√.

Ah¿°v Ah≥ tam£-am¿§w

ImWn-®p-sIm-Sp -°p-I-bp-an -√.

(4:138)

aXw Dt]-£n-®p-t]m-b-h\v

h[-{In-b-bmWv in£sb¶n¬

Abmƒ°v ]ns∂ c≠m-aXpw

Fßs\-bmWv Ckveman-te°v

Xncn-®p-h-cm≥ Ign-bp-I? Nne Imc-

W-ß-fm¬ Hcmƒ aXw Dt]-£n-®p-

t]m-Ip-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Abmƒ

B{K-ln-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Xo¿®-

bmbpw Xncn-®p-h-cmw. aXw hn´p-

t]m-hm\pw XncnsI hcm-\p-ap≈

Ah-kcw F√m-bvt∏m-gp-ap-≠v.

bmsXm-cp-hn[ `uXn-I-in-£bpw

C°m-cy-Øn-en-√. kΩ¿±tam A[n-

Im-c-i-‡ntbm {]tbm-Kn-°m≥

B¿°pw A\p-hm-Z-an-√.

Ckvemw aX-{]-Imcw aXw

F∂Xv XnI®pw Hcm-fpsS kzIm-

cy-amb CjvSm-\n-jvS-ß-fpsS ASn-

ÿm-\-Øn-ep-≈-Xm-Wv. Ckvemw

aX-Øns‚ A[ym-]-\-ß-fn¬

Hcmƒ ]q¿Æ-ambpw kwXr-]vX-\m-

sW-¶n¬ Xo¿®-bmbpw Abmƒ°v

Ckvemw aXw kzoI-cn-°m-hp-∂-Xm-

Wv. Abmƒ°v Ckvemw aXØn¬

{]th-in-°m≥ Xr]vXn-bns√-¶n¬

Abm-fn¬ bmsXm-cp-hn[ kΩ¿±

hpw sNep-Øm≥ ]mSp-≈-X-√.

Ckvemw aXw Bt«-jn-®-Xn-\v ti

jw Hcmƒ Ckvemw aXw hn´p-t]m-

407

12

kXyZqX≥

hm≥ Xocp-am-\n-®m¬ Xo¿®-bmbpw

Abmƒ°v AXn-\p≈ kzmX-{¥y-

ap-≠v. k¿Δ-i-‡-\mb ssZhw

C°m-cy-Øn¬ ]c-tem-IØv sh®v

hn[n ]d-bpw. ]t£, Hcmƒ°v

C°m-cy-Øn¬ Cl-tem-IØv

in£ \¬Im≥ A[n-Im-c-an-√.

aX-\n-μ-°p≈ in£

\nc-¥cw tNmZn-°-s∏-Sp∂

ASpØ tNmZyw Ckvemanse aX-

\n-μsb ]‰n-bp-≈-Xm-Wv. aX-hn-izm-

kn-I-fmb \nc-h[n t]¿ {]tXy-

In®v apkv enwI-fn¬s∏´ [mcmfw

t]¿ hniz-kn-°p-∂Xv aX-\n-μ-

°p≈ in£ ac-W-in-£-bm-sW-

∂mWv. AØ-c-Øn-ep≈ hnizm

kw XnI®pw sX‰m-Wv.

hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ Hcn-SØpw

aX-\n-μ-°p≈ in£ h[-in-£-bm-

sW∂v ]d-™n-ń-√. h[-in£

t]mbn´v AXn-t\-°mƒ Ipd™

in£ t]mepw Jp¿-B≥ ]d-™n-

ń-√. hkvXp-X-sb-s¥∂v sh®m¬

Cu Ip‰-Øn\v bmsXmcp uXn-I-

in-£bpan√. Ckvemans\ kw_-

‘n-t®-S-tØmfw aX-\n-μ-sb-∂Xv

AXn-\o-N-amb Hcp Ip‰-Ir-Xy-am-

Wv. ]t£ AXn-\p≈ in£ ]q¿

Æ-ambpw A√m-lp-hns‚ ssII-

fn-em-Wv. Ah≥ aX-\n-μ-°m-c\mb

Ip‰-hm-fnsb Cu temIØv sh®v

in£n°mw As√-¶n¬ ]c-tem-

IØv sh®v in£n-°mw. F√m a\p-

jycpw ssZh-tØmSv Ahs‚

Pohn-XsØ kw_-‘n®v adp-]Sn

]d-tb≠n hcp-sa-∂n-cns° Hcp-

\mƒ ssZhw a\p-jys‚ Pohn-X-

Øn-\p-ta¬ hn[n ]d-bp-∂-XmWv.

CXv kw_-‘n®v uXn-I-tem-IØv

in£ \¬Im≥ ssZhw Bscbpw

Npa-X-e-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn- n-√.

a‰p aX-ß-fp-am-bp≈ _‘w

a‰p aX-hn-izm-kn-I-tfm-Sp≈

Ckveman-s‚ kao-]-\-sa-¥mWv

F∂-XmWv Nne-cpsS a\- ns\

Ae-ń-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ {]iv\w.

Ckvemw A\ya-X-kvXsc shdp-

°m≥ t{]cn-∏n-°p∂pthm? AX√

a‰p-≈-h-tcmSv A\p-I-ºbpw Imcp-

WyhpamtWm Ckvemans‚ kao

]\w? Cu hnj-b-Øn¬ hnip≤

Jp¿-B≥ DNn-X-amb am¿§-Z¿i\w

\¬Ip-∂p.

]d-bp-I, Hm {KŸm-\p-km-cn-

Itf! Hcmƒ°pw \nßƒ°pw

CS-bn¬ Xpey-k-am-\-amb Hcp

Imcy -Øn-te°v. A√m-lp -h-

√msX \mw Btcbpw Bcm-[n-

°p -I -bn -s√∂pw Ah-t\mS v

bmsXm-∂n-t\bpw ]¶p-tN¿°p-

I-bn-s√∂pw \Ω-fn¬ Nne¿ a‰p

Nnesc A√m-lp-hn\v ]pdsa

c£m-[n-Im-cn-I-fm-°p-I-bn-s√

∂pw (D≈ XXz-Øn-te°v hcn-

I) (3:65) Jp¿B≥ as‰m-cn-SØv

{]kvXm-hn-°p-∂p.

"\∑-bnepw b-`-‡n-bnepw

\nßƒ ]c-kv]cw klm-bn-°p-

I. ]m]-Ønepw AXn-{I-a-Ønepw

\nßƒ At\ym\yw klm-bn-°-

cp-Xv. (5:3)

ChnsS aXsØ kw_-‘n®v

bmsXmcp {]Xn-]m-Z-\hpw C√

F∂ Imcyw {it≤-b-am-Wv. \√

Imcy-Øn-\p-th-≠n-bp≈ GsXmcp

£Whpw \nßƒ kzoI-cn-°-W-

sa∂v Jp¿-B≥ ChnsS ]d-bp-∂p.

AXv PqX-\n¬ \nt∂m {InkvXym-

\n-bn¬ \nt∂m, lnμp-hn¬\n-t∂m,

_u≤-\n¬ \nt∂m, \nco-iz-c-hm-Zn-

bn¬ \nt∂m Bcn¬ \n∂m-bmepw

icn. AØcw Blzm-\-ß-tfmSv

AXm-cm-bn-cp-∂mepw apt∂m v h∂v

Bflm¿∞-ambn Ah-cp-ambn

kl-I-cn-°-W-sa-∂mWv Jp¿-B≥

]d-bp-∂-Xv. Ah¿ GsXm-∂n\v

th≠n-bmtWm £Wn-°-s∏-´Xv

AXv am{Xw t\m°n-bm¬ aXn.

BcmWv £Wn-®-sX∂v t\mt°-

≠-Xn-√.

a\p-jy-cm-in-°m-I-am\w e-

sa-Sp-°m-hp∂ as‰mcp kph¿Æ-

XXzw Jp¿-B≥ {]Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂p.

AXm-bXv F√m a\pjyhyh-lm-

c-ßfpw \oXn-bpsS ASn-ÿm-\-

Øn-em-bn-cn-°-W-sa-∂m-Wv. hnip

≤ Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp∂p:

hniz -kn -® -h-tc, \nßƒ

\oXn°v km£yw hln-°p-∂-h-

cmbn A√m-lp-hn\v th≠n \ne-

sIm-≈p-I. Hcp kap-Zm-b-Ønt\m

Sp≈ hntcm-[w. Ah-tcmSv \oXn-

]m-en-°m-Xn-cn -°m≥ \nßsf

t{]cn-∏n-°m-Xn-cn-°-s´! \nßƒ

(F-t∏m-gpw) \oXn-]m-en-°p-I.

AXv ssZh- -‡n-bp-ambn G‰hpw

ASp-Ø-XmWv. \nßƒ A√m-lp-

hns\ `b-s∏-Sp-I. Xo¿®-bmbpw

A√mlp \nßƒ {]h¿Øn-°p-

∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v kq£va-ambn

Adn-hp-≈-h-\m-Wv. (5:9)

i{Xp-°-tfmSv t]mepw \oXn-

]q¿Δw h¿Øn-°m-\mWv Ckvemw

AXns‚ A\p-bm-bn-Isf DZvt_m-

[n-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. CØ-c-Øn¬ P\-

ßƒ°n-S-bn¬ kulr-Zhpw kvt\

lhpw Duń-bp-d-∏n-°m≥ {]Xn-

⁄m-_-≤-amb Hcp aX-Øn\v

A\y¿°v ta¬ A{I-ahpw hntZz-

jhpw {]N-cn -∏n-°m≥ km[n-

°ptam?

\nb-a-hm-gvN-tbm-Sp≈

hnt[-bXzw

Hcp cmPysØ \nb-asØ

A\p-k-cn -°pI F∂Xv Hcp

hnizm-kn-bpsS aX-]-c-amb I¿Ø-

hy-am-sW∂v Ckvemw A\p-im-kn-

°p-∂p. A√m-lp-hn-t\mSpw ]cn-

408

13

2010 \hw_¿

ip≤ {]hm-N-I-t\mSpw am{Xw

hniz-kvXX Im´m-\√ Jp¿-B≥

hnizm-kn-Isf Blzm\w sNøp-

∂Xv. GsXmcp A[-n-Im-c-ÿ-cpsS

Iogn-emtWm \nßƒ Pohn-°p-∂Xv

Ah-tcmSpw hniz-kvX-bpw Iqdpw

Im -W-sa∂v Jp¿-B≥ \njvI¿jn-

°p-∂p.

hniz-kn-®-h-tc, A√m-lp-

hns\ A\p-k-cn -°p-I. ZqX-

t\bpw \nß-fn¬ \n∂p≈ A[n-

Im-c-ÿ-tcbpw A\p-k-cn-°pI

(4:60)

Cusbmcp I¿Øhyw \n¿Δ-

l-W-sØ-]‰n AlvaZnøm Jeo^

lZvdØv an¿km akvdq¿ AlvaZv

C{]-Imcw hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂p:

"Hcp bYm¿∞ apk¬am≥

Xs‚ cmPysØ kl-]u-c-s\-

Xnsc hntZz-j-Øns‚ i_vZ-ap-

b¿Øn-√. A{]-Imcw `c-W-

I¿Øm-°ƒs°-Xn-sctbm c-W-

Iq-S-Øn-s\-Xn-sctbm Abmƒ

i_vZ -ap -b¿Øn-√. CXv Hcp

bYm¿∞ apk¬ams‚ I¿Ø-hy-

am-Wv. Ah≥ cmPy-tØmSv Ft∏m

gpw Iqdp-≈-h-\m-bn-cn-°p-Ibpw

Ah≥ ]uc-Xz-ap≈ cmPy-Ønse

\nb-a-ßƒ Bflm¿∞-ambn A\p-

k-cn-°p-Ibpw thWw (tam-¿U≥

k¿td-bnse "ss_Øp¬ ^qXq

lv' tamkvIv DZvLm-S-\-th-f-bn¬

sNbvX {]kw-K-Øn¬ \n∂v

HIvtSm-_¿ 2003)

F¥mWv PnlmZv?

e£y-km-^-ey-Øn-\m-bp≈

ITn-\-{iaw \S-Øp-∂-Xn-s\-bmWv

PnlmZv F∂ Ad-_n-]Zw D]-tbm-

Kn-°p-∂-Xv. hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\n¬

A√mlp a\p-jy-t\mSp Pnlm-Zn¬

]s¶-Sp-°m≥ Blzm\w sNøp-

∂p. AXm-bXv kZvIm-cy-Øn-ep≈

ITn-\-{]-b-Xv\-amWv CXp-sIm-≠p-

t±-in-°p-∂-Xv. Ckveman¬ "PnlmZv'

]e {]Im-c-Ønepw \n¿Δ-ln-°mw.

F√mw Xs∂ kaq-l-Øn¬ kam-

[m-\-{i-a-Øn-\p≈ {]h¿Ø-\-ß-

fm-Wv. G‰hpw henb PnlmZv

kz¥w Bflm-hns‚ {]tem- -\-ß-

tfm-Sp≈ Pnlm-Zm-Wv. AXm-b-Xv,

AXym-{Klw, Ima-hn-Im-cw, a‰p

ùXnIamb Zpc-Iƒ F∂n-hsb

ian-∏n-°p-∂Xn\p≈ ka-cw. Pn

lmZv Hcmsf IqSp-X¬ Bfl-\n-b-

{¥-W-Øn¬ sIm≠p-h-cp-∂p.

AXv GsXmcp apkvenan-t‚bpw

[¿Ω-am-Wv.

hnth-I-tØm-sS-bpw, kln-

jvWp-X-tbm-sSbpw A\y-cpsS aX-

hn-izm-ksØ _lp-am-\n®pw bm

sXmcp \n¿_-‘tam i‡ntbm

sNep-ØmsX Ckvemw aX ktμ

iw {]N-cn-∏n-°p-∂Xv Hcp Xc-Øn-

ep≈ PnlmZv BWv. hnizm-kw,

hwiw, tZiw, h¿Æw Ch-°-Xo-X-

ambn a\p-jysc tkhn-°pI F∂-

Xv Ah\v as‰m-cp-hn-[-Øn-ep≈

Pnlm-Zm-Wv. CXv kaq-lØnse

bmX-\-Ifpw thZ-\Ifpw C√m-Xm-

°p∂p F∂v am{X-a√ ]W-°m-

c\pw ]mh-s∏-´-h\pw XΩn-ep≈

kwL¿jw eLq-I-cn-°p-Ibpw

kmaq-lnI kam-[m\w km[yam

°-p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

thsdm-cp-Xcw PnlmZpw kzbw-

{]-Xn-tcm-[-Øn-t‚-Xm-Wv. AXv

{]tXyI kml-N-cy-Øn¬ am{Xw

{]k-‡-amb Hcp Imcy-am-Wv.

apkvenwIƒ a¿±n-°-s∏-Sp-I-bm-

sW-¶n¬ kzbw c£-°mbn am{Xw

Bbp-[-sa-Sp-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. aX-]-

c-amb Imc-W-Øm¬ am{Xw Ah¿

a¿±n-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw AhcpsS hoSp-

I-fn¬ \n∂v Bń-tbm-Sn-°-s∏-Sp-

Ibpw Ah-cpsS Poh\v Xs∂

òj-Wn-bmbnØocp-Ibpw sNøp-

tºmƒ am{X-amWv CØcØn¬

Bbp-[-sa-Sp-°m≥ A\p-hm-Z-ap-

≈Xv.

hnip≤ {]hm-N-I≥ (k)

a°Øv \n∂v a¿±-\-Øm¬ Zqsc-

bp≈ aZo-\-bn-te°v t]mIm\pw

\n¿_-‘n-X-\m-bn. a°-°m¿ {]hm-

N-I-tcbpw A\p-N-scbpw aZo-\-

bnepw Pohn-°m-\-\p-h-Nn-®n-√.

Ah¿ At±-lsØ Ahn-sSbpw

CS-°nsS B{I-an-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂p.

F√m bp≤-ßfpw aZo-\°v Np‰n-

ep-am-bn-cp∂p \S-∂-Xv. Bcm-bn-

cp∂p a¿±-I-sc∂v CXv hy‡-

ambpw kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p.

hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ apkvenwI-

tfmSv Xncn®v bp≤w sNøm≥ A\p-

hmZw \¬Inb Ah-k-c-Øn¬

apkvenwIƒ a¿±n-X-cm-bn-cp-∂p.

Ah¿°v kzbw {]Xn-tcm-[n-°m-

\pw, Xncn®v B{I-an-°m\pw Ah-

cpsS am\hpw kzØpw Poh\pw

kwc-£n-°m\pw A\p-hmZw \¬

I-s∏-Sp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. hnip≤ Jp¿-

B≥ ]d-bp-∂p.

bp≤w ASn-t®¬∏n-°-s∏-´-

h¿°v (Xn -cn®pw bp≤w sN

øm≥) A\p-aXn \¬I-s∏- n-cn-°p-

∂p. Fs¥-∂m¬ Ah¿ A{I-an-

°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. Xo¿®-

bmbpw A√mlp Ahsc klm-

bn-°p-hm≥ Ign-hp-≈-h-\m-Ip∂p

(22:40)

kzbw-c-£-°mbn Xncn®v

bp≤w sNøm≥ A\p-hmZw \¬I-

s∏-Sp-tºmgpw Ckvemw A\p-h¿

Øn-°p∂ a\p-jy-Xz-Øn-t‚bpw

alm-a-\-kvI-X-bp-sSbpw ]mT-ßƒ

{i≤-n-°p-I. AXm-bXv Cu A\p-

hmZw Hcn-°epw ]cn[n ewLn-°p-

∂-hn[w Zpcp-]-tbmKw sNøm≥

]mSp-≈-X-√. hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ ]d-

bp∂p:

409

14

kXyZqX≥

....""AXp-sIm≠v h√-h\pw

\nß-fpsS ta¬ B{I-aWw \S-

Øp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Ah-s\-Xnsc

Ah≥ \nßsf B{I-an -®-Xv

t]mse \nß-fpw B{I-an-®p-sIm-

≈p-I. A√m-lp-hns\ b-s∏-SpI;

\n›-b-ambpw A√mlp `b-s∏-

Sp-∂-h-cpsS IqsS-bm-sW∂v Adn-

™n-cn-°pI (2:195)

kam-[m-\-Øns‚ G‰hpw

henb h‡m-hmb Ckvemw, A{I-

a-Øn-s\-Xnsc {]Xn-tcm-[n-°p-

tºmƒt]mepw ]cn[n ewLn-°m≥

]mSn√ F∂v \njv°¿jn-°p-∂p.

A{I-a-Øn-s\-Xnsc {]Xym-{I-aWw

\S-Øm≥ apkvenwIƒ A\p-h-Zn-

°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p-sh-¶nepw Ah¿

B{I-aWw \n¿Øn-bm¬ DS≥

Xs∂ {]Xym-{I-a-Whpw \n¿Øn-

sh-°-W-sa-∂mWv Jp¿-Bs‚

Iev]-\. apkvenwIƒ°v AX

sIm≠v F¥v \jvSw kw`-hn-®m

epw {]Xn-tcm[ {]Xym-{I-aWw

{]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ \n¿Øn-sh-t°-

≠-Xm-sW-∂mWv Ckvemans‚

Iev]-\.

"F∂m¬ Ah¿ hnc-an-°p-

I-bm-sW-¶n¬ (A-dn-bp-I) A{I-

an-I-f-√m-Ø-h-cpsS ta¬ bm

sXmcp Itø-‰hpw DNn-X-a√'

(2:194)

Hcp apkvenans\ kw_-‘n-

®nS-tØmfw bp≤w {]Xn-tcm-[-]-c-

am-Wv. Hcn-°epw B{I-a-W-]-c-a√.

hnip≤ Jp¿-Bs‚ Cu {]kvXm-

h\ ho≠pw Bh¿Øn-®p-d-∏n-°p-

∂p.

"\nß-tfmSv bp≤w sNøp-∂-

h-cp-ambn A√mlphns‚ am¿§-

Øn¬ \nßfpw bp≤w sNøp-

I. F∂m¬ \nßƒ AXn-{Iaw

{]h¿Øn-°-cp-Xv. A√mlp AXn-

{I-a-Im-cn-Isf CjvS-s∏-Sp-I-bn√

Xs∂ (2:191)

Hcp {]Xn-tcm-[-bp≤w Bh-

iy-ambn hcn-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ F¥v

sNø-Ww, F¥v sNøm-Xn-cn-°Ww

F∂Xv kw_-‘n®v apkvenwIƒ

°p Ckvemw hy‡-amb \n¿t±-i-

amWv \¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. DZm-l-

c-W-Øn\v Ckveman-s\-Xnsc kPo-

h-bp≤w \S-Øm-Xn-cn-°p∂ knhn-

e-b≥amsc Hcn-°epw B{I-an-

°m≥ ]mSn-√. Irjn, AXv t]mse

`£y-I-e-h-d-Iƒ, Pe-t{km-X- p-

Iƒ, Bip-]-{Xn-Iƒ, A\m-Ym-e-b-

ßƒ, Bcm-[-\m-e-b-ßƒ F∂nh

\in-∏n-°-cpXv. kv{XoIƒ, Ipń-

Iƒ, hr≤-∑m¿ F∂n-h-cpsS ta¬

ssIsh-°m≥ ]mSp -≈-X -√.

CØcw I¿i-\-amb \n¿t±-i-ßƒ

Hcn-°epw B{I-a-W-]c-amb Hcp

bp≤-Øn-\p≈ \n¿t±-i-ßfs√∂v

hy‡-am-Wv. kam-[m-\-hm-Zn-I-fpsS

bp≤-\n¿t±-i-ß-fm-Wh. AXp-

sIm≠v PnlmZv F∂m¬ qan-bn¬

kam-[m\w ÿm]n-°m-\p≈ ]cn-

{i-a-am-Wv. kam-[m\w ÿm]n-

°m≥ ]cym-]vX-a-√mØ Hcp {ia

hpw bp≤hpw Hcn-°epw PnlmZv

Bhp-I-bn-√.

òI-cX

\n¿`m-Ky-I-c-sa∂p]d-bs´,

Nne Bfp-Iƒ C°m-eØv ]e-hn[

òI-c-{]-h¿Ø\-ß-fnepw G¿s∏-

ń-cn-°p-∂p. Ckvemw aX-Øn\v IS-

I-hn-cp-≤-amb Bi-b-ßƒ°v

th≠n Ah-cpsS kz¥w aXsØ

Ah¿ h©n-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. Ah-

cpsS aX-hn-izm-ksØ Xs∂

Ah¿ oI-c-ambn A]-Io¿Øn-s∏-

Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. Ckvem

ans\ {]Xn-\n-[m\w sNbvXp-sIm

≠v A\y¿s°-Xnsc Ckvemans‚

t]cn¬ CØcw B{I-a-W-ßƒ

\S-Øp-∂-h¿ Ckvemans‚ kpμ-

c-amb \maw A]-l-cn-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-

Wv. BZy-ambn Ah¿ Ah-cpsS

kz¥w aX-Øns‚ ewL-I-cm-Wv.

IqSmsX A\ysc A{I-an-°p-∂-

Xns‚ t]cn¬ ITn-\-amb in£

A¿ln-°p-∂-hcpw A]-e-]n-°-s∏-

tS-≠-h-cp-am-Wv. Ah-cmWv Ckv

emans‚ kpμ-c-ap-JØv Icn-hmcn

tØ°p-∂-h¿.

Ckvemanse AlvaZnøm Pam-

A-Øns‚ \memw Jeo^ lZvdØv

an¿km Xzmln¿ AlvaZv oI-c-hm-

ZsØ kw_-‘n® Xs‚ ho£

Ww hy‡-am-°n-bn- p-≠v.

Ckvemans\ kw_-‘n-®n-S-

tØmfw Xo{h-hm-Z-Øns‚ F√m

cq]-ß-tfbpw AXv A]-e-]n-°p-

∂p. hy‡n-Itfm {Kq∏p-Itfm

Kh¨sa‚p-Itfm Bcm-bn-s°m-

≈s´ A{Iaw {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-h-

cpsS GsXmcp {]hrØn-tbbpw

\ymbo-I-cn-°mt\m aqSn-sh-°mt\m

Ckvemw A\p-h-Zn -°p-∂n-√...

Ign™ Hcp \q‰m-≠p-Im-e-ambn

òI-c-Xbpw {Iqc-Xbpw G‰p-hm-

ßnb Hcp kaq-l-Øns‚ Xe-h≥

F∂ \ne°v òI-c-hm-Z-Øns‚

F√m {]h¿Ø-\-ß-tfbpw cq]-

ß-tfbpw AXn-I-Tn--\-ambn Rm≥

A]-e-]n-°p-∂p. am{X-a√ aX-ß-

sf√mw Xs∂, Ah-bpsS \ma-

ßƒ F¥p-am-bn-s°m-≈-s´, \nc-

]-cm-[n -I-fmb a\p-jy-scbpw

kv{XoI-sfbpw Ip™p-ß-sfbpw

ssZh-Øns‚ t]cn¬ tNmc-bn¬

ap°n-s°m-√m≥ A\p-h-Zn-°n√

F∂Xv Fs‚ AKm-[-kv]¿in-

bmb hnizm-k-am-Ip-∂p. (Murderin the name of Allah - P 116-119)

hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\nse GXm

\pw Nne A≤ym-]-\-ßƒ am{X-

amWv Rm\n-hnsS {]Xn-]m-Zn-®-Xv.

Ckvemw Fhn-sSbpw Xo{h-hm-

410

15

2010 \hw_¿

Zhpw `oI-c-hm-Zhpw t{]m’m-ln-

∏n-°p--∂n√ F∂v CXn¬ \n∂pw

hy‡-am-Wv. am{X-a√ bYm¿∞-

k-am-[m\w B{K-ln-°p∂ Hcp

hy‡n am{Xta apkvenw F∂ \ma-

t[-b-Øn\v A¿l-\m-hp-I-bp-≈q.

A{I-ahpw ssItø-‰hpw AXv

t]mse Bfl-l-Xym-t_mw_v

t]mse-bp≈ ss]im-Nn-I-amb

{]h¿Ø-\-ßfpw \S-Øp-Ibpw

sNøp-∂-h¿ apkvenw F∂ hnti-

j-WØn\v tbmKy-c√

apkvenw oI-c-hmZn F∂v ]d-

bp-tºmƒ AXv Ccp´pw -sh-fn-®-hpw

t]mse sh≈hpw Xobpw t]mse

c≠v hncp≤ [zμzßƒ kamkn-

®p-]-d-b-em-Wv. Ah c≠pw ]c-kv]-

c-hn-cp-≤-ß-fm-Wv. Rm≥ Dd-∏mbpw

]d-bp∂p. Hcp bYm¿∞ apk¬

am∂v Hcn-°epw Xo{h-hm-Zn-bm-

hm≥ km[y-a-√. Hcp `oI-c-hm-

Znsb Hcn-°epw Hcp apkvenw

F∂v hnti-jn-∏n-°m\pamhn-√.

AXm-bXv Ckveman¬ oI-c-hm-Z-

Ønt\m Xo{h-hm-Z-Ønt\m bm

sXmcp CS-hp-an-√. Ah XnI®pw

Ckveman\v A\y-am-Wv.

Ckvemw aX-Ønse

AlvaZn-øØv ]cn-N-b-s∏-SpI

AØcw Ckvemw BN-cn-

°p∂ GsX-¶nepw Hcp kwLw

C∂v `qap-J-Øpt≠m F∂v t]m

f≠v \nhm-kn-I-fmb \nßƒ

B›-cy-s∏-t´-°mw. F∂m¬

AØ-c-Øn-ep≈ Hcp apkvenw

kaqlw Chn-sS-bp≠v. AXmWv

AlvaZnøm apkvenw kaq-lw.

AXv Bflo-b-Xbn¬ {]tNm-Zn-X-

amb Hcp BtKmf apkvenw kaq-

l-am-Wv. Ah¿ hnip≤ Jp¿-B-

\n¬ {]Xo-£-n-°p-∂-hn[w Ckv

emans‚ bYm¿∞ ktμiw ]p\-

cp-÷o-hn-∏n-°m≥ th≠n \ne-sIm-

≈p-∂p. apl-ΩZv \_n(-k)°v Ah-

X-cn-® shfn-]m-Sp-I-fmWv Jp¿-B≥.

B Jp¿-B≥ A≤ym-]-\-ßƒ \S-

∏n¬ hcp-Øp∂ Hcp BtKmf

kaq-l-amWv AlvaZnøm apkvenw

kaq-lw.

Ah-km-\-Im-eØv am\-h-cm-

in-bpsS kºq¿ÆtamN-\-Øn\v

th≠n Ckvemans‚ ÿm]-I-cmb

lZvdØv apl-ΩZv \_n(-k)-bpsS

Bflob k¥m-\-ambn Hcp alm-

flm-hns\ AXm-bXv Camw alvZn

sb, k∑m¿§n-bmb t\Xm-hns\

Ckvemw aX-Øns‚ ]p\-cp-÷o-h-

\m¿∞w A√mlp Ab-°p-sa∂v

hmKvZm\w sNbvXn-cp-∂p. Cu

hmKvZm\w lZvdØv an¿km Kpemw

AlvaZn-emWv ]q¿Øn-bm-b-Xv.

1835¬ C¥y-bn-emWv At±lw

`qPm-X-\m-b-Xv. 1908¬ Znhw-K-X-\m-

hp-Ibpw sNbvXp. ssZh-Øn s‚

Adn-bn∏pw B⁄-bp-a-\p-k-cn®v

At±lw 1889 am¿®v 23\v Alv

aZnøm apkvenw Pam-AØv cq]o-

I-cn-®p. Cu kwL-S\ temI Øv

kam-[m-\w ÿm]n-°m≥ {]Xn-

⁄m-_-≤am-Wv. kzO-amb Ckv

emw aXsØ {]Xn-\n-[m\w sNøp-

∂Xpw Ckvemans‚ F√m aln-X-

k-tμ-i-ß-fp-tSbpw km£m-XvIm-

c-hp-am-Wv Cu {]ÿm-\w. AXv

bmsXm-cp-hn[ cmjv{Sob Xmev]-

cyßfp-an-√mØ Hcp aX-kw-L-S-\-

bm-Wv. temIØv am\-h-cm-in-bpsS

t£a-Øn\pw tkh-\-Øn\pw th

≠n AlvaZnøm {]ÿm\w \ne-

sIm-≈p-∂p. Ah-cpsS e£yw

Ckvemw aX-Øns‚ kw{K-l-km-

c-amb F√m-h-tcmSpw kvt\lw

Btcm-Sp-an√ hntZzjw F∂- ap{Zm-

hm-Iy-am-Wv. AlvaZnøm kaqlw

\qdp-I-W-°n\v kvIqfp-Ifpw tIm

tf-Pp-Ifpw ¢n\n-°p-I-fpw, Bip-

]-{Xn-Ifpw F√m-h¿°p-ambn ÿm

]n-®p-sIm≠v \SØn hcp-∂p.

AlvaZn-I-fpsS Poh-Im-cp-Wy-{]-

h¿Ø-\-Øn-∂m-bp≈ kwL-S-\-

bmWv lyqam\n‰n Ãv. Cu Poh-

Im-cp-Wy-kw-L-S-\sb sF Iy-cm-

jv{S-k` Aw-Ko-I-cn-®-Xm-Wv. am\-

h-cmin FhnsS ZpcnXw A\p- -hn-

°p-∂pthm Ahn-S-ß-fn¬ tZiw,

hwiw, mjm, hnizmkw F∂n-h-

°-Xo-X-ambn tkh-\-Øn-\mbn

lypam-\n‰n ^Ãv {]h¿Øn-°p-

∂p.

temIw apgp-h≥ Cu kaq

lw bYm¿∞ Ckvemans‚ kam-

[m-\-k-tμiw {]N-cn-∏n-®p-sIm≠v

{]h¿Øn-°p-∂p. 69-e-[nIw mj-

I-fn¬ hnip≤ Jp¿-Bs‚ ]cn-

`mj AlvaZnøm kaqlw {]kn-

≤o-I-cn®p -I-gn-™p. 120 `mj-I-

fn¬ a‰p CkvemanI kmln-Xy-

ßfpw A®-Sn®p {]kn-≤o-I-cn-®n-

´p-≠v. AlvaZn-Iƒ°v Fw.Sn. -

F.(MTA) F∂ t]cn¬ Ccp-]-Øn-

\mev aWn-°qdpw kwt{]-£Ww

sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cn -°p∂ Hcp

BtKmf sSen-hn-j≥ s\‰v h¿°p-

≠v. `qan-bpsS F√m tImWp-I-

fnepw Ckvemans‚ ktμiw Cu

Nm\¬ aptJ\ FØn-°m≥ Ign-

bp-∂p. alislam.org F∂ t]cn¬

i‡-amb Hcp C‚¿s\‰v sh_v

ssk‰v AlvaZn-Iƒ°p≠v. Hmtcm-

am-khpw ]Øv e£w t]¿ Cu

sh_vssk‰v kμ¿in-°p-∂p.

121 h¿jw aptº Bcw-`n®

AlvaZnøm apkvenw kaqlw

B[p-\nI apkvenw Ncn-{X-Ønse

kPo-hhpw Ne-\m-fl-I-hp-amb

km∂n-[y-am-Wv. 195 cmPy-Øn-e-

[nIw AXn\v kPo-h-amb imJ-

I-fp -≠v. t]mf-≠nse anj≥

c≠mw temI-a-lm-bp-≤-Øn-\p-

tijw 1990-emWv ]p\-ÿm-]n-°-

s∏- -Xv. (tijw 20 ¬)

411

16

kXyZqX≥

Nne Bfp-Iƒ ]d-bp-∂p, a\p-

jy\v {]h¿Øn-°m-\p≈ kzmX-

{¥y-ap-s≠∂v. F∂m¬ a‰p Nne-

cpsS ho£-W-{]-Imcw ]d-bp-∂p,

a\p-jy≥ XJvZo-dns‚ (ssZ-h-hn-[n-

bp-sS) _en-bmSv am{X-amWv F∂v.

lZvdØv AlvaZv (A) ]d-

bp∂p: "ssZhw GI-\mWv F∂-

Xns\ kw_-‘n®pw F√m-‰n -

s‚bpw {]` -h -ÿm-\hpw

e£yhpw A√m-lp-hmWv F∂

kn≤m¥w sXfn-bn-°p-hm\pw

hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ Nne hkvXp-X-

Iƒ \nc-Øp-∂p. AXn¬ \n∂pw

Nne hnUvVn-I-fmb hna¿i-I-∑m¿

\n¿_-‘-Øns‚ kn≤m¥w Bhn-

jvI-cn-°p-∂p. Ah≥ Xs∂-bmWv

Imcy-Im-c-W-ß-fpsS hn[m-Xm-hv.

k¿Δ-Zm-Xmhpw Ah-\m-Wv. Cu

Imc-W-ß-fm¬ hnip≤ Jp¿-

Bs‚ Nne ÿe-ß-f-n¬ as‰mcp

D]m-[nsb∏‰nbpw ]d-bm-sX,

ssZhsØ F√m Imc-W-ß-fp-

sSbpw ImcWw F∂v hnh-cn-®n- p-

≠v.

hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ {i≤m-

]q¿Δw hmbn-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬

Nne ÿe-ß-fn¬ Cu D]m-[n-Isf

kw_-‘n®v hfsc hy‡-amb

{]Xn-]m-Zn-®-Xmbn ImWmw. a\p-

jy≥ AXp-kw-_-‘n®v KmV-

ambn Nn¥n-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.

IqSmsX Xn∑ sNbvXm-ep≈

in£sb kw_-‘n®pw AXns‚

]ng-sb-°p-dn®pw hnip≤ Jp¿-

B≥ hnh-cn°p∂p. ssZh-\n-b-a-

hpw, ssZh-hn -[nbpw am‰m≥

]‰mØ Hcp hyh-ÿ-bm-sW-¶n¬

a\p-jy≥ XnI®pw \n¿_-‘n-X-

\mb Hcp ]cnx-ÿn-Xn-bn-em-I-W-am-

bn-cp-∂p. Aß-s\-bm-sW-¶n¬

in£-Iƒ°pw ]ng°pw F¥v

\oXn-I-c-W-amWv D≠m-hpI'? (9)

X n c - s ™ - S p - ° m - \ p ≈

kzmX{¥yw a\p-jy\v hen-sbm-c-

f-thmfw \¬I-s∏- n- p-≠v. Bb-Xn-

\m¬ a\p -jy≥ Ahs‚

{]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°v DØ-c-hm-Zn-bm-

Wv. Ahs‚ \√ {]h¿Ø-\-

ßƒ°v {]Xn-êw \¬I-s∏-Sp-

Ibpw Ahs‚ NoØ {]h¿Ø-

\-ßƒ°v in£n-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw

sNøp-∂p. F¶nepw Xnc-s™-Sp-

°m-\p≈ Cu kzmX-{¥yhpw

Ahs‚ ]q¿Æ-\n-b-{¥-W-Øn-e-√.

a\p-jy\v Hcp Im¬ s]m°n H‰-

°m-en¬ \n¬°m≥ km[n-°pw.

c≠v Imepw s]m°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬

ssZh-Øns‚ `qKp-cp-Xz-\n-b-a-

Øn\v hnt[-b-ambn Ah≥ \new-

]-Xn-°pw. Xo¿®-bmbpw qan-bpsS

Kpcp-Xzm-I¿j-W-i-‡nsb as‰mcp

\nbaw sIm≠v X¬°m-e-tØ°v

AXn-Po-hn-°m≥ a\p-jy\v Ign-

bpw. {]Xy-£-Øn¬ sshcp-≤yam-

sW∂v tXm∂n-°p∂ Cu c≠p

{]Xn-`m-k-ßfpw A√m-lp-hns‚

XJvZo-dns‚ AYhm ssZh-hn-[n-

bpsS {]I-S-\-am-Wv. Hcn-°¬

Ckvemanse c≠mw Jeo- -bm-bn-

cp∂ lZvdØv Da¿(-d)s‚ ImeØv

Hcp ÿeØv ]I¿®-hym[n

s]mń-∏p-d-s∏- p. At∏mƒ AhnsS

hkn-®n-cp-∂-h-tcmSv acp-`q-an-bn¬

AI∂v ]m¿°p-hm≥ At±lw

I¬∏n-®p. At∏mƒ At±-l-tØmSv

Bfp-Iƒ tNmZn®p: "\nßƒ A√m-

lp-hns‚ XJvZo-dn¬ \n∂pw HmSn-

t∏m-hp-I-bmtWm'? Da¿(-d) adp-]Sn

]d™p: "Rßƒ ssZh-Øns‚

Hcp XJvZo-dn¬ \n∂pw as‰mcp

XJvZodnte°v HmSn-t∏m-hp-I-bm-Wv.

]m]hpw Ip‰hpw a\p-

jy-{]-Ir-Xn-bn¬

ap≥Iqń \n-›-bn-®-

XmtWm?

F¥p-sIm-≠mWv temIØv

IqSp-X¬ Ip‰-ß-fpw ]m]-ßfpw

ImW-s∏-Sp-∂Xv? a\p-jys‚ {]Ir-

F¥mWv ssZh-hn[n?

JmenZv iô-bp-√mlv

a\p-jy\v I¿Ωw sNøm-\p≈ kzmX-{¥y-apt≠m? AX-√, Ah≥

hn[n-°-\p-kr-X-ambn am{Xw {]h¿Øn-°m≥ \n¿_-‘n-°-s∏-´-h-\mtWm?

Cu tNmZy-ßƒ°p≈ hni-Zo-I-c-W-amWv teJ-I≥ \¬Ip-∂-Xv.

412

17

2010 \hw_¿

Xn-bn¬ ]m]w sNøm-\p≈ {]h-

WX kl-P-amtWm? AX-√, a\p-

jy\v A\p-h-Zn-°-s∏´ kzmX{¥yw

Ah≥ Zpcp-]-tbmKw sNøp-∂-Xp-

sIm-≠mtWm ]m]w kw`-hn-°p-

∂Xv? Ip‰-Ir-Xy-ßsf aX-]-c-amb

A¿∞-Øn¬ ]m]w F∂mWv

hyh-l-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. hnhn[-X-c-

Øn-ep≈ Nn¥m-{]-ÿm-\-ßƒ

CXp-kw-_-‘-ambn Ah-X-cn-∏n-

°p∂ XXz-imkv{Xw ]cn-tim-[n-

°p-∂Xv {]k-‡-am-bn-cn-°pw.

(1) Hcp aXNn¥m-k-c-Wn-bpsS

A`n-{]m-b-Øn¬ a\p-jy≥ Xn∑-

bpsN _en-bm-SmWv F∂m-Wv.

AtX-k-abw Xn∑-bn¬ \n∂pw

\∑-bn-te°v t]mIm-\p≈ Xncp-

Ø¬ i‡nbpw kzbw kwkvI-

cn-°p-hm-\p≈ Ignhpw Ah\v

\¬I-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. CXv _p≤-a-

X-k-¶-ev]-am-Wv.

(2) {InkvXp-aX kn≤m-¥-{]-

Imcw a\p-jy≥ P∑\m ]m]n-bm-

Wv. ImcWw BZw BZyta Xs∂

sX‰p sNøp-Ibpw ]m]n-bmbn

Øocp-I-bp-am-Wp-≠m-b-Xv. BZ-

ans‚ k¥-Xn-I-fn-te°v B ]m]w

]I¿∂p k¥-Xn-Ifpw ]m]n-I-fm-

bn-Øo¿∂p.

(3) aq∂m-a-Xm-bn, a\p-jy≥

\∑-bpsS {]Ir -Xn -tbmSp

IqsStbm Xn∑-bpsS {]Ir-Xn-tbm-

sStbm P\n-°p-∂n-√. Ah≥

temIØv P\n-°p-tºmƒ kzm`m-hn-

I-ambpw Nne NmbvhpIfpw P∑-

hm-k-\-Ifpw DtØ-P-\-ß-fp-am-

Wp-≈-Xv. ]n∂oSv Ah\v e`n-°p∂

hnZym- ym-khpw kml-N-cy-hp-amWv

Ahs\ \√-h\pw NoØ-bmfpw

B°n-am-‰p-∂-Xv.

(4) Nne anÃn-°p-I-fpsS

ho£-W-{] -Imcw a\p -jy\v

Ahs‚ C—m-i-‡nbpw {]h¿Ø-

\-kzm-X-{¥yhpw, hnth-N-\m-[n-Im-

chpw, Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-°m-\p≈

Ignhpw A]-l-cn-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-I-

bm-Wv. Ah≥ shdpw hn[n-bpsS

\n -lm-b-\mb Ccbm-Wv. AXm-

bXv Hcn-°epw adn-I-S-°m≥ Ign-

bmØ Nne D]m-[n-I-fp-sSbpw

kml-N-cy-ß-fp-sSbpw Cc am{X-

amWv a\p-jy≥.

(5) Bflm-°-fpsS ]p\¿P-∑-

hn-izm-ksØ kw_-‘n® apJy-

kn-≤m¥w a\p-jy≥ `qan-bn¬

P\n-®Xv Ahs‚ ap≥P∑ ]m]-

ß-fpsS e-am-bn- mWv F∂m-Wv.

AXns‚ ip≤o-I-c-W-Øn-\mbn

]e P∑-ßfpw amdn P\n-t°-≠-Xp-

≠v.

Cu kn≤m-¥-ßƒ a\p-jy-P-

∑-Ønse A¥-c-ßƒ, Pohn-X-bm-

X-\-Iƒ, ]cm-P-b-ßƒ, {]Ir-Xn-Zp-

c-¥-ßƒ, ]m]w apX-em-bh Imcy-

ß-sf√mw hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂Xv a\p-

jy≥ P\n -°p -∂-Xn\ v apºv

AsX√mw hn[n-®n-cn-°p∂p F∂

coXn-bn-em-Wv. AXp-sIm≠v Ah-

sb√mw a\p-jy-\n-b-{¥-W-Øn-∂-

Xo-X-am-Wv. ]t£ Cu kn≤m-¥-ß-

sf√mw AXv \¬Ip∂ DØ-c-ß-

tf-°mƒ IqSp-X¬ tNmZy-ßƒ

Db¿Øp-I-bmWv sNøp-∂-Xv. Nne

tNmZy-ßƒ Xmsg tN¿°mw.

(F). P∑-Pm-X-amb sshPm-

Xy-ß-sf-∏‰n Xr]vXn-I-c-amb a‰p-

Nne hni-Zo-I-c-W-ßƒ Ct∏mƒ

\ap°v e`y-am-Wv. sshZy-imkv{Xw

]d-bp-∂-Xv, Nne P∑-PmX P\n-X-

I-tcm-K-ßƒ {`qWm-h-ÿ-bn¬

Xs∂ NnIn-’n®p am‰m-sa-∂m-Wv.

P∑-\m-bp≈ hyXy-kvX-X-Iƒ

{]Ir-Xn-\n-b-a-ß-fpsS ASn-ÿm-\-

Øn-ep-≈-Xm-Wv F∂mWv AXv

kw_-‘n-®p≈ IqSp-X¬ bp‡n-

]-c-amb hni-Zo-I-c-Ww. Hcp a\p-

jy-\n-ep≈ P\n-XI hkvXp-°ƒ

tImSm-\p-tImSn sk√p-I-fn-ep-≈-

Xm-Wv. A≥]-Xn-\m-bncw apX¬

Hcp e£w hsc-bp≈ Po\p-I-

fpsS hn\ymkw Ah-bpsS

hf¿®bpw [¿Ωhpw \n¿Æ-bn-

°p∂p F∂ Imcyw Gsd-°psd

hy‡-am -bn -´p -≠v . Po\p -Iƒ

kpZo¿L-amb Imcy-Im-c-W-]-c-º-

c-bnse IÆn-Iƒ am{X-am-Wv.

(_n) Cu temIØv a\p-jy≥

Ahs‚ ap≥P∑ I¿Ω-^-e -

ßƒ°p≈ in£ A\p-`-hn-°m-

\mWv P\n-°p-∂-sX-¶n¬ F¥p-

sIm≠v a\p-jy≥ in-ip-hm-bn-cn-

°p-tºmtgm K¿`m-h-ÿ-bntem ac-

W-s∏-Sp∂p? ssZhw Xs∂

\¬Inb ]pXnb Pohn-X-Øn¬

in£n®v kwkv°-cn-°m-\mWv Dt±-

in-°p-∂-sX-¶n¬ ssii-h-a-cWw

aqew AXv ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-∂p.

ssZh-Øns‚ ]≤Xn ]cm-P-b-s∏-

Sp-∂-XmtWm?

(kn) Hcmƒ°pw Xs∂ Bfl-

lXy sNømt\m as‰m-cmsf

sIm√mt\m ico-c-Øn-\-IsØ

Bflm-hns\ tamNn-∏n-°mt\m

km[n-°msX htc-≠-Xt√?

(Un) Hcp Zcn-{Zt\m tcmKntbm

Ahs‚ in£ F∂ \ne°v

hn[n°v hnt[-b-\m-b-Xm-sW-¶n¬

Ah≥ Hcn-°epw Xs∂ Imcy-Im-

c-W-\n-b-a-Øn\v hnt[-b-\m-Ip-∂n-

√. AXm-bXv Ah≥ F{X ITn-

\m-≤zm\w sNbvXmepw ]W-°m-c-

\m-hn-√. AXp-t]mse F{X NnIn-

’n-®mepw tcmKw kpJ-s∏-Sp-I-bp-

an-√.

(C) Nne-t∏mƒ Hcp C©-

£≥ FSp-Ømtem B‚n-_-tbm-

´nIv KpfnI Ign-®mtem \nc-h[n

tcmKm-Wp-°ƒ NsØm-Sp-ßp-∂p.

Aßs\ NØXn-\p-tijw B

413

18

kXyZqX≥

_mIvSo-cn-b-Iƒ a\p-jy-cq-]-Øn¬

]p\¿ P-\n-°p-sa∂v hniz-kn-

°m≥ Fßs\ Ignbpw? Cu

kq£vam-Wp-°-fmWv G‰hpw

Ffp-∏-Øn¬ `qan-bn¬ in£°v

hnt[-b-am-hp-∂-Xv. Ah-bm-Is´

kz¥w C—m-i-‡n-sIm-≠√ sX‰v

sNøp-∂-Xv.

(F-^v) Bflm-°-fpsS

]p\¿P-∑-ÿ-e-amWv \ΩpsS

{Klw F∂v hniz-kn-°p-I-bm-sW-

¶n¬ Cu {Kl-Ønse Pohn-temIw

]m]-hp-ambn IS-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p.

]m]-ßƒ C√m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬

ChnsS arK-ß-fpw, _mIvSo-cn-

bbpw kky-Pm-e-ßƒ t]mepw

C√m-Xm-hp-am-bn-cp-∂p.

]cn-Wma kn≤m-¥-{]-Imcw

a\p-jy≥ hfsc ASp-Ø-Im-e-

ØmWv `qan-bn¬ \ne-hn¬ h∂-

Xv. AXn∂p apºp-Xs∂ ChnsS

arK-ß-fp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ]cn-Wma

kn≤m¥w ]p\¿P-∑-Øn¬ hniz-

kn-°p-∂-h¿°v hsc \ntj-[n-

°m≥ km[n-°mØ sXfn-hp-Iƒ

ka¿∏n-°p-∂p-≠v. At∏mƒ a\p-

jy≥ P\n-°p-∂-Xn\v apºv Xs∂

`qan-bn¬ D≠m-bn-cp∂ arK-ßƒ

BcpsS ap≥P∑ ]m]-Øns‚

ê-ambn ]p\¿P-\n-®-XmWv?

F√m aX-ß-fpw ssZh-Øn¬

\n∂p-≈-Xm-sW∂v Rm\n-hnsS ]d-

bm-\m-{K-ln-°p-∂p. AXns‚

ÿm]-I-sc√mw {]hm-N-I-∑m-cm-Wv.

Xo¿®-bmbpw kt¥m-j-

hm¿Ø Adn-bn-°p-∂-h\pw ap∂-

dn-bn∏v \¬Ip-∂-h-\p-ambn kXy-

k-taXw \mw \ns∂ Ab-®n-cn-°p-

∂p. Hcp ssZhnI ap∂-dn-bn-∏p-Im-

c≥ h∂p Ign-™n- n-√mØ Hcp

kap-Zm-b-hp-an√ (35:25).

CX-\p-k-cn®v {]hm-N-I-∑m¿

F√m P\-k-ap -Zm -b-ß-fnepw

Bhn¿`-hn-®n-´p-s≠∂v Rßƒ

hniz-kn-°p-∂p. tamti (A)

tbip( -A), IrjvW≥ (A),

skmtdm-Ã¿ (A), I¨^yq-jykv

(A), _p≤≥ (A) F√m-hcpw

Xs∂ ssZh-Øns‚ _lp-am-\y-

cmb {]hm-N-I-∑m-cm-Wv. a\p-

jys‚ I¿Ω-ßƒ°v Hcp hn[-

Øn-e-s√-¶n¬ as‰m-cp-hn-[-Øn¬

ac-Wm-\-¥-c -tem-IØv sh®v

IW°v ]d-tb-≠n-h-cp-sa∂v F√m

aX-ßfpw hniz-kn-°p-∂p. AXp-

sIm≠v F√m aX-ß-fn-ep-ap≈

s]mXp-hmb Znhy-k-tμiw ac-W-

tØm-Sp-IqSn a\p-jy-Po-hnXw Ah-

km-\n-°p-∂n√ F∂m-Wv. a\p-

jy≥ ]c-tem-IØv XpS¿∂pw

Pohn -°p -∂p. Cu temIØv

\nßƒ GsXmcp Xc-Øn-ep≈

kz`mh KpW-ß-fmtWm B¿Pn-

®Xv AtX-t]m-se-bp≈ Bflo-b-

Po-hnXw ]c-tem-IØpw e`n-°p-∂-

Xm-Wv. a\p-jys‚ kz`m-h-Kp-W-

ßƒ°-\p-k-cn®v Nne-t∏mƒ a\p-

jy¿ kz]v\-Ønepw Z¿i-\-ß-

fnepw kmZr-iy-Øn¬ arK-ß-fmbn

ImWm-dp-≠v. Ime-{I-taW AØ-

c-Øn-ep≈ Z¿i-\m-\p-`-h-ßfpw

A≤ym-]-\-ßfpw ]p\¿P-∑-kn-≤m-

¥-ambn amdn-b-Xm-bn-cn-°mw. a\p-

jy-{]-Ir-Xn-sb-°p-dn®v Jp¿-B≥

]d-bp∂p: "\mw a\p -jys\

G‰hpw \√ \ne-bn¬ krjvSn-®n-

cn-°p-∂p. ]ns∂ \mw Ahs\

A[-a-cn¬ A[-a-\m-°n-am-‰p-∂p.'

(95: 5˛6).

\∑ sNøm-\p≈ {]h-W-X-

tbmsS a\p-jy≥ ]cn-ip-≤-\mbpw

\n¿Ω-e -\mbpw P\n -°p∂p

F∂mWv CkvemanI ho£Ww

AtXm-sSm∏w Xs∂ Ah-\n-—n-°pw-

hn[w Ahs\ kzbw cq]-s∏-Sp-

Øn-sb-Sp-°m-\p≈ [mcmfw kzmX-

{¥yhpw a\p-jy\v \¬In-bn-cn-°p-

∂p. Af-h‰ coXn-bn¬ [m¿Ωn-I-

Kp-W-ßƒ hf¿Øn-sb-Sp-°m-

\p≈ al-Ømb Ign -hp -Iƒ

Ahs‚ {]Ir-Xn -bn¬ Xs∂

ssZhw \¬In -bn -cn -°p -∂p.

ssZhnI KpW-ßƒ {]Xn-^-en-

°p∂ Hcp Z¿∏ Ww t]mse Bbn-

Øo-cm-\p≈ Bflo-b-i-‡n-bn-

te°v Ah\v Db¿∂p-t]m-Im-hp-

∂-Xm-Wv. ]t£, ssZhw Ah\v

Zm\w \¬Inb Ign-hp-Ifpw KpW-

ßfpw Zpcp-]-tbmKw sNøp-I-bm-

sW-¶n¬ Ah≥ arK-ß-tf-°mƒ

Xmgv∂ \ne-bn-te°v A[x-]-Xn-°p-

Ibpw ]nim-Nns‚ Ah-Xm-c-ambn

Øocp-Ibpw sNøpw. \n¿`m-Ky-I-

c-sa∂p ]d-b-s´, C°m-esØ a\p-

jy≥ ssZhw \¬Inb al-Ømb

Ign-hp-Ifpw KpW-ßfpw Zpcp-]-

tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bm-Wv. CXns‚

ê-ambn Ip‰-ßfpw ]m]-ßfpw

h¿≤n-°p-∂p. bp≤-ß-fpw, {Iqc-

X-I-fp-ap-≠m-Ip-∂p. A\o-Xnbpw

]£-]m-Xn-Xz-ßfpw DS-se-Sp-°p-

∂p. a\p-jy≥ Ahs‚ I¿Ω-

ßƒ°v Xs∂ DØ-c-hm-Zn-bm-Wv.

ssZh-hn-[n-sbbpw \nb-Xn-sbbpw

]gn-°p-∂Xv XnI®pw sX‰m-Wv.

ssZ-hØns‚ A\-¥-

amb ⁄m\hpw ssZh-

hn-[nbpw

a\p-jy¿ \n¿_‘-]q¿Δw

hn[n-bpsS _en-bm-Sm-bn-s°m≠v

ap≥hn-[n-{]-Imcw {]h¿Øn-°m≥

hn[n-°-s∏- -h-\mWv F∂ kn≤m-

¥-Øn¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-h¿ ssZh-

Øns‚ A\-¥-amb ⁄m\hpw

ssZh-hn-[nbpw XΩn-ep≈ th¿Xn-

cnhv a\- n-em-°m≥ Ign-bmsX

Bi-b-°p-g-∏-Øn¬ AI-s∏-ń-cn-

°p-I-bm-Wv. ssZh-Øns‚ Hcp

KpWw Aenw F∂m-Wv. AXm-bXv,

F√m temI-ß-sfbpw F√m Ime-

414

19

2010 \hw_¿

ß-sfbpw Nqgv∂p-\n¬°∂ tIh-

ehpw A\¥--hp-amb ⁄m\-ap-≈-

h≥ F∂m-Wv. AXp-sIm≠v uXn-

Ihpw Bflo-b-hp-amb \nb-a-

Øns‚ {]h¿Ø-\-^-e-ambn

F¥mWv mhn-bn¬ kw -hn-°pI

F∂v Ah\v ]q¿Æ-ambpw Adn-

bm-hp-∂-Xm-Wv.

ssZh-Øns‚ as‰mcp KpWw

"JmZn¿' F∂m-Wv. "a\p-jys‚

{]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°v A\p-kr-X-

amb coXn-bn¬ ê-ß-fp-≠m-

°p∂ hn[w \nb-a-ßƒ kwhn-[m-

\n-®-h≥ F∂mWv CXn-\¿∞w.

Cu c≠v KpW-ßfpw c≠v hy

XykvX taJ-e-I-fn-emWv {]h¿

Øn-°p-∂-Xv. ssZh-Øns‚ tI

hehpw A\-¥-hp-amb ⁄m\w

\n¿_-‘-]q¿Δw as‰m-∂ns\

kzm[o-\n-°n-√. ssZhw Aßs\

sNøp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Hcmƒ°pw

Xs∂ Ahs‚ {]h¿Ø-\-

ßƒ°v DØ-c-hm-ZnØw Gs‰-Sp-

°m≥ km[y-a-√. DZm-l-c-W-Øn\v

I≈≥ Ifhv sNøp-sa∂v ssZhw

Adn-™n-´p≈Xn-\m¬ hmkvX-h-

Øn¬ I≈-\√ Ifhv sNøp-∂-

sX-∂mWv Nne-cpsS hmZw. I≈≥

Ifhv sNøpw F∂ Imcyw ssZhw

Adn-™n-´p≠v F∂Xv Imc-W-am-

Wv. I≈≥ Ifhv \S-Øn-bXv

F∂mWv C°q- -cpsS \ymbw. \ap-

°nXv H∂v hni-I-e\w sNømw.

DZm-l-c-W-Øn\v Nne hnZym¿∞n-

Iƒ ]co£ Fgp-Xp-I-bm-Wv. ]co-

£-I≥ \nco-£n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-

∂p. DØcw sX‰mbn Fgp-Xp∂

Hcp hnZym¿∞n tXm‰p-t]m-Ip-sa∂v

At±lw a\- n-em-°p-∂p. hnZym¿

∞n tXm‰p-t]m-Ip-sa∂ ]co-£-

Is‚ Adnhp Imc-W-amWv hn

Zym¿∞n tXm‰-sX∂v ]d-bm-s\m-

°ptam? ]co-£-I\v hnZym¿∞n-

bpsS sX‰v Nq≠n-°m-Wn®p sImSp-

°m≥ ]‰ptam? At±lw Aßs\

sNbvXm¬ hnZym¿∞n kΩm-\-

Øn\v A¿l-\m-hp-I-bn-√t√m? (12)

D]-kw-lmcw

XJvZo¿ AYhm ssZh-hn[n

F∂Xv {]Xy-£hpw ]tcm-£hpw

ùXn-Ihpw Bflo--hp-amb \nc-

h[n hkvXp-X-I-fp-ambpw \n¿Δm-

l-I-cp-ambpw D≈ {]h¿Ø-\- -{]-

Xn-{]-h¿Ø-\-ß-fpsS A¥n-a- -e-

am-Wv. AXv a\p-jys‚ [mc-W-°-

Xo-X-amb AXoh k¶o¿Æ-amb

Hcp {]{In-b-bm-Wv. AXns‚ \n¿Δ-

l-W-Øn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°p∂ LS-I-

ßƒ am-dp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ ehpw

amdp-∂-Xm-Wv. CXn-s\-bmWv am‰-

s∏-Sm-h∂ XJvZo¿ (ssZ-h-hn-[n)

F∂v hnfn-°p-∂-Xv. Bflo-b-hpw,

ùXn-I-hp-amb e£y-ßƒ°v

th≠n km-[y-amb F√m D]m-[n-

I-fn -eq -sSbpw ]cn -{i-an -°pI

F∂Xv \ΩpsS DØ-c-hm-Zn-Ø-am-

Wv. ssZh-Øn¬ hnizm-k-a¿∏n-®p-

sIm≠pw {]m¿∞-\-bn -eqsS

\ΩpsS {]b-Xv\-ßsf \mw klm-

bn-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. Aß-s\-bm-sW-

¶n¬ ssZhw \ap-°-\p-Iq-e-ambn

G‰hpw DNn-X-ambn AXn s‚

êw shfn-s∏SpØp-∂-Xm-Wv.

\ΩpsS _e-lo-\-X-Isf ssZh-

Øns‚ ImcpWyw hebw sNøpw

F∂v IqSn Hcmƒ hniz-kn-°-Ww.

{]tXy-I-ambn Hm¿t°-≠Xv {]m¿

∞-\-tbmSv _‘-s∏´ Imcy-ßƒ

k -e-am-hm≥ Nne-t∏mƒ Ahs‚

C—-Iƒ°-\p-k-cn®v \mw hg-tß-

≠-Xp≠v F∂m-Wv. Nne-t∏mƒ

A¿∞-Is‚ {]m¿∞-\-Iƒ ssZh-

Øns‚ Zmk≥ F∂ \ne°v

Ah≥ \¬Ip-∂p. as‰m-cp-hn-[-

Øn¬ ]d-™m¬ Ahs‚ Xs‚

Zmk-t\mSv Hcp kt\-ln-X-s\-

t∏mse s]cp-am-dp-∂p. a\p-jy≥

ssZh-Øn¬ ]q¿W-ambn hniz-kn-

°p-Ibpw Ahs‚ C—°v h-g-ßp-

Ibpw Ah≥ \¬Ip-∂-sX√mw

kt¥m-j-tØmsS kzoI-cn-°p-

Ibpw sNtø-≠-Xm-Wv.'

apl-ΩZv \_n(-k)-bpsS Hcp

hN-\-{]-Imcw hnizm-kn°v Nne-

t∏mƒ ]\n hcp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬

AXv Ahs‚ `qan-bnse \c-I-am-

Wv. Cu XØzw F√m a\pjy-Zp-cn-

X-ßƒ°pw Btcm-]n-°m-hp∂-Xm-

Wv. AsX√mw As∂ Ahs‚

I¿Ω-^-e-ambn Xs∂ Ah\v

h∂p- -hn-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. As√-¶n¬

B Zpcn-X-ßƒ Ahs\ ip≤o-I-

cn-°p-Ibpw Ahs‚ Bflob

\ne Db¿Øn {kjvSm-hp-ambn

ASp-∏n-°p-Ibpw sN-øp-∂p. Cu

temI-Øn∂pw ]c-tem-I-Øn∂pw

at≤y sNe-hn-t‚bpw hc-hn-t‚

bpw hen-sbmcp hyhÿ {]h¿

Øn-°p-∂p-≠v. ]c-tem-I-hp-ambn

Xmc-Xayw sNøp-tºmƒ \ΩpsS

Cu temI-Po-hnXw Xp—-am-Wv. Zo\n-

X-Øz-ßƒ ]q¿Æ-ambpw ChnsS

{]mh¿Øn-I-am-hp∂p F∂v Icp-

Xp-∂Xv auVy-am-Wv. ]c-tem-I-Po-

hn-X-am-Is´, Cu temI-Po-hn-X-

tØ-°mƒ D∂-X-cq-]-Øn-ep-≈-Xm-

Wv. \ΩpsS K¿`-ÿ-Po-hn-XsØ

At]-£n®v P\n-®-Xn\v tij-ap≈

PohnXw F{X-am{Xw D∂-X-amtWm

AtX-{]-Imcw ]c-temIw hfsc

Hu∂-Xy-ap-≈-Xm-Wv. hnhn[ Zi-I-

fp-≈-Xm-W-Xv. Hmtcm ]cn-Wm-a-Z-i-

Ifpw apº-tØ-Xn-t\-°mƒ ]ptcm-

K-a-\-]-c-am-Wv. Cu temIw \oXn-

bpsS k¿Δ apJ-ßfpw {]I-Sn-∏n-

°m≥ A]-cym-]vX-am-Wv. hnip≤

Jp¿-B≥ {]Imcw ]c-tem-I-Po-hn-

X-Øns‚ {]Xn-—m-b°v t]mepw

aq∂p-am-\-ß-fp-≠v. Ah \ap°v

ChnsS sh®v k¶-ev]n-°m≥ t]m

415

20

kXyZqX≥

AlvaZnøm apkvenw kaq-l-

Øns‚ G‰hpw henb {]tXy-IX

AXv Hcp Jnem- Øv hyh-ÿ-bn-

e-[n-jvTn-X-amWv F∂p-≈-Xm-Wv.

Jnem-^Øv F∂m¬ ssZhnI

amb ÿm]n-X-am-bXpw Bflo-b-

ambn \bn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-amb Hcp

t\Xr-hy-h-ÿ-bm-Wv. Cu BtKm-

f-hy-h-ÿ-bpsS Xe-h≥ Jeo^

F∂mWv Adn-b-s∏-Sp-I. At±-l-

amWv AlvaZnøm BtKm-f-k-aq-l-

Øns‚ Bflo-b-t\-Xm-hpw, aX-]-

chpw `c-W-]-c-hp-amb Xe-h≥.

AlvaZnøm kaq-l-Øns‚ Ct∏m-

gsØ Jeo^ lZvdØv an¿km

akvdq¿ AlvaZv BWv. At±lw

AlvaZnøm {]ÿm-\-ÿm-]-Isc

]n¥p-S¿∂p-h∂ A©m-asØ

Jeo-^-bm-Wv. Cu Jnem-^Øv

hyhÿ Jp¿-B-\nepw dkq¬

Xncp-ta-\n(-k)-bpsS A≤ym-]-\-ß-

fnepw {]Xn-]m-Zn-°-s∏´ Ckv

emanIhyh-ÿ-bm-Wv. BtKmf

AlvaZnøm kaq-l-Øns‚ F√m

{]h¿Ø-\-ßfpw Jnem-^Øv

hyh-ÿ-bn-eqsS GtIm-]n-∏n-°-

s∏-Sp-∂p. CØ-c-samcp kmaq-ln-

I-hy-hÿ a‰v apkvenwIƒ°n-√.

D]-kw-lmcw

Ckvemw aX-Øns‚ im¥-kp-

μ-c-amb A≤ym-]-\-ßfpw Ah

{]mh¿Øn-I-am-°p∂ kwL-S-

\sb∏‰nbpw Rm≥ \nß-tfmSv

hni-Zo-I-cn-®p-I-gn-™p. kam-[m-

\hpw Bflo-b-tam-£hpw am\-h-

cm-in°v \¬IpI F∂-XmWv

Ckvemans‚ ZuXyw. AXv oI-c-

X-bp-tSbpw bp≤-Øn-t‚bpw ktμ-

i-a-√. Hcp-Iq´w Xo-{h-hm-Zn-Ifpw

òI-c-hm-Zn-Ifpw Imń-°q-´p∂

AXn-{I-a-ßƒ aqew \nß-fpsS

lrZ-b-Øn-ep-≠m-bn-´p≈ F√m

òXnbpw AI-‰n-\n¿Øp-I. Ah¿

s°m∂pw Xs∂ ]cn-ip-≤-amb

Ckvemw aXsØ {]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-

°m-\p≈ tbmKy-X-bn-√. Ah-

scm∂pw Xs∂ Ckvemw aX-Øn

s‚ ]Xm-I-hm-l-I-c-√. Ckvemw

aXsØ a\- n-em-°m≥ Ahsc

am\-Z-fi-am-°p-∂-Xn-t\-°mƒ

henb sX‰v as‰m-∂p-an√. Ckvemw

aX-Øns‚ im¥-kp-μ-c -amb

A≤ym-]-\-ßsf Ckvemans‚

t]cp]tbm-Kn®p h©n-®-hcm-W-

h¿. Ah¿ Ckvemw aX-Øns‚

Aw_m-k-U¿am-c-√.

F√m t]mf≠v \nhm-kn-Ifpw

bYm¿∞ Ckvemans\ òXn-Iq-

SmsX ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-I. Ckvemw

\nß-fpsS al-Ømb cmPy-Øn\v

kam-[m-\-Øn\pw kpc-£°pw

Hcp òj-Wn-b-√. Cu Xo{h-hm-Zn-

I-fpsS \ne-]m-Sn¬\n∂v `b-N-In-

X-cm-tI-≠-Xn-√. Ah¿ Ckvemw aX-

Øns‚ D≈n¬ -X-s∂-bp≈ ad-

™n-cn-°p∂ i{Xp-°-fm-Wv. Ckv

emw {]Xo-£-bp-tSbpw Pohn-X-Øn-

t‚bpw kvt\l-Øn-t‚bpw aX-am-

Wv. Bb-Xn-\m¬ Fs‚ {]nbw

\nd™ t]mfnjv ktlm-Z-c-∑mtc

\nßƒ Ckvemans‚ ASn-ÿm-\-

in-e-bmb Jp¿B≥ ]Tn-°m≥

apt∂m-´p-h-cn-I. AXv apgp-h≥

kvt\lhpw kam-[m-\-hpw, ku

lr-Zhpw imiz-X-ap-‡n-bp-am-sW∂v

\nßƒ°v t_m[y-am-Ipw. \nß

sfbpw \nß-fpsS cmPy-tØbpw

ssZhw A\p-{K-ln-°-s´.

(15˛¬ \n∂v XpS¿®)

epw km[y-a-√. ssZhw Ahs‚

A\-¥-amb ⁄m\w sIm≠v

\oXn-bpsS kºq¿Æ \n¿Δ-lWw

\ymb-hn[n \mfn¬ \S-∏m-°p-∂-

Xm-Wv.

B \ymb-hn-[n-\m-fn¬ \Ωp

sS bYm¿∞-Øn-ep≈ Dt±-iy-

ßƒ, {]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ, \∑-Ifpw

Xn∑-I-fpw, {kjvSm-hn-t\mSpw

krjvSn-tbm-Sp-ap≈ IS-∏m-Sp-Iƒ,

\ΩpsS ]c-kv]-c-_-‘-ßƒ,

kz`m-h-io-e-ßƒ, F√mw Xs∂

\ymb-hn-[n°v hnt[-b-am-hp-Ibpw

{]Xn -êw \¬I-s∏-Sp -Ibpw

sNøp-∂-Xm-Wv. XJvZo¿, ssZh-hn-

[n, ap≥hn-[n, apX-em-b-h-sb√mw

Ah-s‚Xp am{X-am-Wv. \sΩ

kw_-‘n-t®-S-tØmfw G‰hpw

A`n-Im-ay-am-bn-´p-≈Xv E-Pp-hmb

am¿§-Øn¬ Ncn-°pI F∂-Xm-Wv.-

hoSp-I-fn¬ sNtø-≠Xv

Pm_n¿(-d)-hn¬ \n∂pw \nth-Z\w: dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n(-k)

Acpfn: "cmhv Ccp-ń-°-gn-™-Xn\v tijw \nß-fpsS Ipń-

Iƒ hoń¬ \n∂v ]pd-Øp-t]m-Ip-∂Xv XS-™p-sIm-≈p-I.

ImcWw B ka-b-ØmWv ]nim-Np-°ƒ `qap-JØv ]c-°p-

∂-Xv. Cim°v tijw Ipd®v kabw Ign-™m¬ \nß-f-

hsc Dd-ßm≥ hnt -°p-I. F∂n v hmXn-e-S®v _nkvan sNm√n

hnf°v sISp-Øn-bp-d-ßm≥ InS-°p-I. At∏mgpw _nkvan

sNm√p-Ibpw sh≈-]m{Xw sI´p-Ibpw sNøp-I. \o \ns‚

Blm-c-∏m{Xw aqSn-sh-°p-Ibpw ho≠pw _nkvan sNm√p-

Ibpw sNøp-I. (_p-Jm-cn)

416

21

2010 \hw_¿

tbiphns‚ ImeØv PqX-

∑m¿ aq∂v hn`m-K-ß-fm-bn-cp-∂p.

]co-i¿, kZp-Iy¿, F o-\n-Iƒ.

]co-iysc Ipdn®pw kZqIysc

Ipdn®pw ss__n-fn¬ ]cm-a¿i-ap-

≠v. F∂m¬ F o-\n-Isf Ipdn®v

ss__nƒ au\w ]men-°p-I-bm-

Wv. {InkvXp-hn\v tij-ap≈

H∂mw \q‰m-≠nse PqX Ncn-{X-Im-

c -\mb tPmk-^kv, ^ntem,

]vfn\n, F∂n-h-cpsS IrXn-I-fn¬

am{X-am-bn-cp∂p F o-\n-I-sf-Ip-

dn-®p≈ ]cm-a¿i-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv.

1947¬ Nmhp-I-S¬ XocØv

BSns\ tabv®p-\-S-°p-I-bm-bn-

cp∂ c≠v CSb _me-∑m¿ Nmhp-

I-S-en\v A`n-apJambn ÿnXn-sN-

øp∂ Jpwdm≥ Xmgvhc-bnse Hcp

Kpl-bn¬ hfsc bmZr-OvNn-I-

ambn a¨`-c-Wn-I-fn-e-S-°-s∏´

Nne tXm¬Np-cp-fp-Iƒ Is≠-Øp-

I-bp-≠m-bn. Nmhp-I-S¬ Npcp-fp-

Iƒ (Dead Sea Scroll) F∂mWv

CXv Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. {InkvXp-

F o-\n-Ifpw Nmhp-I-S¬

Npcp-fp-Ifpw

hns‚ ImeØv Fgp-X-s∏´ Cu

tXm¬Np-cp-fp-I-fpsS Ncn-{X-{]m-

[m\yw Dulm-Xo-X-am-Wv. {InkvXp-

hns‚ Ncn{Xw apgp-h≥ am‰n-Øn-

cp-Øm-\p≈ AXyp-∂X kvt^mS-

-I-ti-jn-bp≈ AXn-{]-[m-\-amb

Ncn-{X-tc-J-I-fm-bn-cp∂p B a¨

`c-Wn-I-fn¬ kq£n-°-s∏-´-Xv.

\n¿`m-Ky-I-c-sa∂v ]d-b-s´, B

Aaqey Ncn-{X-tc-J-Iƒ {InkvXym-

\n-I-fp-tSbpw blq-Zn-I-tfbpw

A[o-\-Øn-em-Wp-≈-Xv. D≈-S°w

Ah-cpsS Xm¬]-cy-ßƒ°v hncp-

≤-am-bXv sIm≠mImw. Nmhp-I-S¬

Npcp-fp-I-fnse enJn-X-ß¬ hfsc

G.-Fw. apl-ΩZv kenw

KqKnƒ F¿Øpw C{km-tb¬ ]pcm-h-kvXp-h-Ip∏pw tN¿∂v C‚¿s\-

‰n-eqsS Nmhp-I-S¬ Npcp-fp-IfpsS clkyw ]pd-Øp-hn-Sm≥ Xocp-am-\n-

®n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. (The Hindu, 2010 Oct. 20) Cu ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ Nmhp-

I-S¬ Npcp-fp-I-sf-]‰n Hcp hni-Zo-I-cWw.

Nmhp-I-S¬ Npcp-fp-I-fnse enJnXw

sNdn-sbmcp `mK-

sam -gnsI C∂v

hsc shfn®w

I≠n-´n -√. Cu

tcJ-I-fn¬ F o-

\n-I-sf-Ip-dn®v hni-

Z-amb ]cm-a¿i-ap-

s≠∂v ]d-b-s∏-Sp-

∂p. Cu tcJ-I-

fpsS I¿Øm-°

fpw Ah¿ Xs∂.

enwK]cn-tO-Z-

\-bpƒs∏sS hf

sc IWn-i-X-tbm

sSbp≈ blq-Z-a-X-

417

22

kXyZqX≥

\n-_-‘-\-Iƒ ]men-°p-Ibpw

I¿i-\-amb k∑m¿§-\n-jvTbpw

]cn-ip≤ Pohn-Xhpw \bn-°p∂

F o-\n-Iƒ GIm¥ hnc‡

PohnXambn-cp∂p CjvS-s∏-´n-cp-

∂Xv. At\Iw khn-ti-j-X-Iƒ

D≠m-bn-cp∂ F o-\n-Iƒ ISpØ

GI-ssZh hnizmknIfm-bn-cp-∂p.

tbiphpw tbml-∂m≥ kv\m]-

I\pw F o-\n-I-fn¬s∏- -h-cm-bn-

cp-∂p. ]co-iy-sc-bpw, skZq-Iy-

scbpw ITn-\-ambn Bt£-]n-

°p∂ tbip F¥p-sIm≠v F o-

\n-Isf Hgn-hm°n F∂-Xn-s\-°p-

dn®v Nne ss__nƒ ]fin-X-∑m¿

]pXnb N¿®°v Bcw`w Ipdn-®n-

´p-≠v. tbip-hns‚ bYm¿∞

A≤ym-]-\-ßƒ Pohn-X-Øn¬

]I¿Øn-bn-cp∂ F o-\n-Isf

ss__nƒ kam-l¿Øm-°ƒ ]n¬

°m-eØv Hgn-hm-°n-bXv A¿∞-

K¿ -am-Wv.

F o-\n-I-sf-°p-dn®v

Ncn-{X-Im-c-∑m¿F o≥ kaq-lsØ Ipdn®v

Jpw{am≥ tcJ-Iƒ e`y-am-Ip-∂-

Xn∂v apºv D≠m-bn-cp∂ Adnhv

H∂mw \q‰m≠nse PqX Ncn-{X-Im-

c-\mb tPmk- vkv, ]vfn\n, ntem

F∂n-h-cpsS IrXn-I-fn¬ \n∂p

am{X-am-Wv. ^ntem (_n.-kn.-˛20)

Fgp-Xnb F∂ {]_-‘-Øn¬

Ah-cpsS kwJy 4000 F∂v ]d-

™n- p-≠v.

a‰p hnh-c-ßƒ C{]-Im-c-am-

Wv. Ah-cpsS Pohn-X-hn-ip≤n

aqew BWv Cu t]cv e`n-®-Xv. GI-

ssZ-hsØ Bcm-[n -®n -cp -∂p.

sh≈ hkv{X-ambncp∂p Ah¿

[cn-®n-cp-∂Xv. arK-_en A¿∏n-®n-

cp-∂p. \K-c-ß-fn¬ \n∂v AI∂p

Pohn-®p, I¿j-I-hr-Øn-bnepw

a‰pw G¿s∏-´n-cp-∂p. F¶nepw

[\w kºm-Zn-®p-h-®n-√. blqZ

acym-Z-Iƒ I¿i-\-ambn ]men-®p.

kaq-l-ambn Pohn-®p, Bcpw

H∂pw kz¥-ambn Icp-Xn-bn-√.

hchpw sNehpw hkv{Xhpw £-

Whpw F√mw s]mXp-hm-bn-cp-∂p.

Fhp-tk-_n-b-kv, ^ntem-bpsS

as‰mcp {]_‘w D≤-cn-®p-sIm≠v

F o-\y¿ {_“-Nm-cn-I-fm-bn-cp∂p

F∂p ]d-bp-∂p-≠v. Irjn, AP-

]m-e-\w, tX\o-®-h-f¿Ø¬, Bim-

cn-∏Wn Ch-bm-bn-cp∂p sXmgn-ep-

Iƒ F∂pw Fhp-tk-_n-bkv D≤-

cn-°p∂ tcJ ]d-bp-∂p. ]vfn\n

BWv as‰mcp tcJ-bpsS

I¿Ømhv. Nmhp-I-S-en\v ASp-Øm-

bn-cp∂p Ch-cpsS apJy-tI{μw

F∂v ]vfn\n ]d-bp-∂p. tPmk

^kv IqSp-X¬ Zo¿L-ambn Ch-

cpsS Imcyw {]Xn-]m-Zn-®n-cn-°p-∂p.

{In. ap. 107-˛¬ bqZmkv F∂ Hcp

F o\n Kpcp `mhn {]h-Nn-°p-

∂Xv Fßs\ F∂v ]Tn-∏n-°p∂

Hcp ]≈n-°qSw \S-Øn-bn-cp-∂p.

tltcmZv cmPm-hn-t\mSv hnt[-bXzw

{]m]n-°p∂ {]Xn⁄ FSp-°p-∂-

Xn¬ \n∂v F o-\n-Isf Hgn-

hm°n (_n.-kn.21) F√mw ssZh-

Øn¬ A¿∏n-°p-Ibpw AtX

kabw hn[n-bn¬ hniz-kn-°p-

Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬,

aq∂v h¿jsØ klhmk-Øn-\p-

tijw Xr]vXn-s∏- m¬ kv{XoIsf

hnhmlw sNøp∂ Hcp imJbpw

D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ]mh-s∏-´-hsc

klm-bn-°pI {hX-am-bn-cp-∂p.

F o-\n-I-fpsS Znhkw kqtcym-

Z-b-Øn\v Gsd apºv kqtcym-Z-b-

Øn\v th≠n {]m¿∞n-®p-sIm-

≠mWv Bcw-`n-°p-∂Xv F∂v

tPmk^kv ]d-bp-∂p. ]Xn-s\m∂v

hsc tPmen. AXp-I-gn™v Ipfn®v

ip{ -hkv{Xw [cn®v Hcp apdn-bn¬

IqSp-∂p. AhnsS a‰m¿°pw {]th-

i\an√. ]ns∂ `£Ww Fs¥-

¶nepw Hcp Iq´w am{Xw. Hcp-t\cw

{]m¿∞n-°pw. XpS-°-Ønepw HSp-

°-hpw. ]ns∂ ip{`-h-kv{X-ßƒ

am‰n ho≠pw tPmen. sshIn´v aS-

ßn-h-cp-tºmƒ AXn-Yn-Iƒ Ds≠-

Npcp-fp-Iƒ kq£n® Pmdp-Iƒ

418

23

2010 \hw_¿

¶n¬ Ah-tcm-sSm∏w A¬]-t\cw

Ccn-°pw. an°-hmdpw au\-am-Wv.

Bsc-¶nepw Hcmtf kwkm-cn-°q.

AXv Xs∂ Xh-W-sh-®v.

F o-\m-Ip∂Xns‚ \S-]-Sn-

{Iaw Cßs\bmWv. F- o\n

\nba-ßƒ ]men-®p-sIm≠v kaq--

lØn\v ]pdØv Hcp h¿jw aew

Ipgn-®p-aq-Sm≥ Hcp ]mc (Spud),Hcp shfp-Ø-tfml, CS-s°´v C-

{Xbpw At∏mtg sImSp°q. B

Hcp h¿jw hn-P-b-I-c-ambn ]q¿

Øn-bm-°n-bm¬ ]ns∂ --c-≠p-

sIm√w Iptd IqSn AIsØ

Bfmbn. AXpw Xr]vXn-I-csa-∂p-

I-≠m¬ AwKXzw. At∏mgmWv

{hX-hm-KvZm\w. ssZhsØ BZ-cn-

-°p-I, a\p-jys\ kvt\ln-°pI,

A\o-Xn-{]-h¿Øn-°p-∂-hsc sh

dp°pI, \oXn-am-∑msc klm-bn-

°pI. A[n-Imcw ssZh-Z-Ø-am-I-

bm¬ A[n-Im-cn-Isf am\n-°pI,

A[n-Imcw A-[n-Imcw e`n-®m¬

AXv Zp¿hn-\n-tbmKw sNøm-Xn-cn-

°p-I, kXysØ kvt\ln°p-I,

Ak-XysØ tZz-jn-°pI, I-c-

ßsf tamj-W-Øn¬ \n∂pw

Bflm-hn\ Ahn-lnX emt`—

bn¬ \n∂pw kwc-£n-°p-I, kaq-

l-Øn\v ]p-d-Øp-≈-h¿°v H∂pw

shfn-s∏-Sp-Øm-Xn-cn-°pI, tI´hn-

izmkw Ie¿∏n-√msX Im°p-I,

kaq-l-Øn¬ {KŸ-ßƒ -kw-c-£n-

°p-I, amemJamcpsS t]cpIƒ

Hm¿°pI CsXm-s°-bm-bn-cp∂p

hmKvZm\w sN-tø-≠n-bn-cp-∂Xv.

F o-\n-Isf°p-dn®v

Jp¿B≥

A¤p-X-I-c-sa∂v ]d-bs´

ss__nƒ Hgn-hm-°nb GI-ssZh

hn-izm-kn-Ifpw {InkvXphns‚

bYm¿∞ injy-cp-amb F o-\n-

I-sf-∏‰n Jp¿-B-\n¬ hy‡-amb

]cm-a¿iap≠v. hn]-XvL´w h∂-

t∏mƒ tb-ip-hns‚ injy≥am¿

At±-lsØ X≈n-∏-d™ kμ¿

`w ss__nƒ hnh-cn-°p-∂p≠v

F∂n´pw Ahsc At∏mkvXe∑m-

cmbn {InkvXym\n-Iƒ hniz-kn-°p-

Ibpw sNøp∂p. F∂m¬ tbip-

hp-s\-Xnsc oI-c-amb ]o-U-\-ßƒ

A-gn-®p-hn-´-Im-eØv At±-lsØ

kzo-I-cn® bYm¿∞ injy-∑m¿

"lhm-cn-Iƒ' F∂v Jp¿B≥

hnti-jn-∏n® F- o-\n-I-fm-bn-

cp∂p. ss__nƒ A-hsc Hgn-hm-

°n-sb-¶nepw Jp¿-B≥ Ahsc ad-

∂n√. ""hn-izm-kn-®-h-tc, \nßƒ

A√mlphns‚ Imcy-Øn¬ Fs∂

klm-bn-°p∂ hcm-cp≠v F∂

tNmZn® Ah-k-c-Øn¬ (kw-`-hn-

®-Xp) t]mse Rßƒ A√m-lp-

hn-s‚ klm-bn-I-fm-sW∂ B

"lhm-cn-Iƒ' ]d™p. Aßs\

C-{km-bo¬ k¥Xn-I-fn¬ \n∂v

Hcp hn-`mKw hniz-kn®p. as‰m-cp-

hn-`mKw Ahn-iz-kn-°p-Ibpw

sNbvXp''. (62:15)

\nßƒ F∂nepw Fs‚ Zq-X-

\nepw hn-iz-kn-°pI F∂v lhmcn-

Iƒ°v Rm≥ Znhy-t_m-[\w

\¬Inb kμ¿`w (kva-cn-°p-I).

Ah¿ ]-d™p: "Rßƒ hniz

kn®p. Rßƒ Iogvs∏´p Pohn-

°p∂hcmWv F∂v \o km£yw

hln-°pI'' (5:112)

"lhm-cn -Iƒ' F∂-Xns‚

A¿∞w hkv{Xw shfp-∏n-°p-∂-

bmƒ, Agp-°n¬ \n∂pw ip≤n

tXSp∂bmƒ, k-Xy-k-‘-ambn

{]h¿Øn-°p-∂bmƒ, sh≈-h-

kv{X-[m-cn-Iƒ Fs∂-s°-bmWv

Ip-cn-ivkw- -h-Øn-\p-j--tijw tb-

ip-hns\ I√-d-bn¬ sh®-t∏mƒ

aKvZ-e-\-°m-cn adnbw AhnsS hcn-

I-bp-≠m-bt√m. I¿Ømhns‚ Hcp

ZqX≥ AhnsS h∂-Xmbn aKvZ-e-

\-a-dn-bw hnh-cn°p∂Xv aØmbn

tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p≠v ""Ahs‚

cq]w an∂-en\p HØXpw Ah

s‚ DSp∏p lnaw t]mse shfp-

ØXpw Bbn-cp∂p''. (28:3) CtX

hnh-cWw am¿t°mkv 16:5 epw,

F o-\n-I-fpsS hmk-ÿew

419

24

kXyZqX≥

eqt°mkv 24:4 epw, tbml-∂m≥

20:12 epw Bh¿Øn-°p∂p. amem-

J-bm-sW∂p sX‰n-≤-cn® B ip{`

hkv{X-[mcn Jp¿-B≥ hn-h-cn®

"lhmcn' A-Yhm F o≥ kwL-

Øn¬s∏´bm-fm-bn-cn-°m-\mWv

km[yX.

NmhpI-S¬ Npcp-fp-Iƒ

1947 ¬ c≠v CS-b-_m-e-

∑m¿°mbn-cp∂p Nmhp-I-S-en-∂- n-

ap-J-ambn InS∂ Jpwdm-\nse

Ip∂p-I-fnse Kpl-I-fn¬ \n∂

Cu Npcp-fp-Iƒ Inń-b-sX∂v ]d-

™p-ht√m. tbip-hns‚ injy-

∑m¿ Kpl-Isf A`bw {]m]n°m

\p≠mb IcmWsa-¥mWv? ss_

_n-fnse Hcp hN\w CXn-te°v

shfn®w ho-ip∂p. AXm-bm-Xv,

{In. -h. 70¬ tdma≥ P\-d¬

ssS‰kv Pdp -ktew B-{I-an -

°pIbp≠mbn. tbipan-in-lmsb

\ntj-[n-°p-Ibpw ]o-Un-∏n-°p-

Ibpw sNbvX blq-ZcpsS ta¬

ssZh-and-°nb ISpØ in-£-bm-

bn-cp∂p Cu A{I-aWw. CXv ssZ-

hnI Adn-bn∏v {]Imcw ap≥Iqń

I≠n-´mImw tb-ip-hns‚ Hcp

{]hN\w ss__n-fn¬ C-ßs\

ImWmw. ""ssk\y-ßƒ sbcp-i--

te-ans\ hf-™n-cn-°-Xp-∂Xv

ImWp-tºmƒ AXns‚ iq\y-

Imew ASpØn-cn-°p∂p F∂-

dn-™p-sImƒhn≥. A∂v blq-

Zy-bn-ep-≈-h¿ a-e-ap-I-fn-te°v

HmSn-t∏m-Is´'' (eqt°m: 21:20).

tbip-hns‚ Cu \n¿t±-i-{]-Im-c-

am-bn-c°mw Xs‚ injy-∑m-cmb

F o-\n-Iƒ Iw{Ko≥ Xmgvhc-

bnse Ip∂p-I-fn¬ A`bw tXSn-

b-Xv. AhnsS aX-Po-hnXw \bn-®-

Xpw.

NpcpƒIn-ńb hnhcw Adn

™ P-dp-ktew Hm¿tØmUIvkv

k`bnse sat{Xm-t]m-eo-Ø-bm-bn-

cp∂ i-ap-th¬ am¿ AØ-\m-kn--

tbm-knkv AXv hne°v hmßn;

\mseÆw ln{_p bqWnthgv-kn‰n

s{]m: C. F≥. kpsI\n°n\v

Inń. sa-t{Xm-t]m-eo-Ø-bpsS Np-

cp-fp-Iƒ ]cn-tim-[n-®Xv AmericanSchool of Oriental Reserch Bbn-

cp∂p. kpsI\n kz¥-amb Kth-

jWw \SØn. Cu Np-cp-fns‚ h-

ºn® Ncn{X {]m[m-\yhpw {In

kvXpaX-Øn\v AXv hcp-Øn-sh-

°p∂ {]-Xym-Lm--Xhpw `b∂v

sat{Xmt]meoØ NpcpfpIfp-

ambn Atacn-°-bn¬ A`bw -tXSn.

1954 C{k-tb¬ Kh¨sa‚ v c≠-

c-e£w tUmf¿ \¬In AXv Xncn-

®p-hmßn. Ah Ct∏mƒ sPdp--k-

te-an¬ {]Z¿i\-Øn-\psh®n-

´p≠v. AXn-\vtijw \S-Ønb

At\zj-W-ßfn¬ \n∂p ho≠pw

Hcp ]mSv Npcp-fpIƒ e`n-°p-I-

bp≠mbn Kplsb kw_-‘n®pw

AXnse Fgp-Øp-Im-cmb Kplm

\n-hm-kn-I-sf kw_-‘n®pw Jp¿-

B-\n¬ ]cm-a¿i-ap≠v. ""Kp-l-

bptS bpw Fgp-Øn-s‚bpw B-

gp-Iƒ \-ΩpsS ZrjvSm-¥-ßfn¬

s∏´ Hcp A-¤p-X-am-bn-cp-∂p-

sh∂v \o [cn-°p--∂pt≠m?''

(18:9)

Nmhp-I-S¬ -Npcpfp-I-fn¬

hfsc Ipd™ Hcp m-K--ta- hm-bn-

°-s∏- Xmbn ]pdw-temIw Adn-bp-

∂p. hmbn-°-s∏´ Npcp-fp--I-fnse

tI{μ IYm-]m{Xw k®-cn-Xm-\mb

"Hcp Kpcp-hmWv' At±lw "]pXnb

Icm-dp-Im¿' F∂-dn-b-s∏´ Hcp aX-

k-aq-l-Øns‚ t{]-£n-X-\m-bm-

aWv Nn{Xo-I-cn-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂Xv.

At±-l-Øns‚ A\p-bm-bn-Iƒ

hfsc Zcn-{Z-cm-bn-cp∂p. k-®-cn-X-

\mb Kpcp ssZh Xn-c-s™-Sp-Ø-

bmfpw I¿i-\-ambn \nbaw ]men-

°p-∂-bm-fp-am-bncp∂p. sPdp--k-te-

anse ]ptcmlnX∑m-cp-ambn Ie-ln-

®n-cp∂ k-®-cn-X-\mb Kpcp tb-ip-

hm-sW∂v Icp-Xm-\mWv Gsd-

\ymbw. At±-lØns\-Xn-cn¬ If-

hns‚ {]hmN-I≥ F∂ Hcp {]Xn-

\m-b-I\pw D≠m-bn-cp∂p. ]gb

\nba-Ønse \n-c-h[n ]pkvX-I-

ß-fpsS bYm¿∞-]-Xn∏pw a‰p-]e

Ncn{X hnh-c-ßfpw Nmhp-I-S¬

Npcp-fp-I-fn-ep≠v.

tb-ip-hns‚ ssZh ]p{XXzw

ÿm-]n-°m≥ F√m Ncn-{XtcJ-I-

fn¬ \n∂pw hkvXpXI-fn¬ \n

∂pw At±-lsØ {InkvXpk`

th¿s∏SpØn \n¿Øp-I-bmWv.

imkv{XØn\pw N-cn-{X-K-th-j

Wßƒ°pw {InkvXp-hns\ {]m]n-

°p--hm-\p≈ kI-e-h-gn-Ifpw {In

kvXp-k` AS-®p-I-f-bp-Itbm

AØcw tcJ-Isf Xa-kv°-cn-®p-

I -f -bp -Itbm BWv ]Xn -h v .

{InkvXp-hns\ kw_-‘n-°p∂

At\Iw kXy-ßƒ shfn-s∏-Sp-

Øm≥ Ign-bp∂ Nmhp-I-S¬ Npcp-

fp-Iƒ Hcp-\mƒ \nh-cpI Xs∂

sNøpw. \ap°v ImØn-cn-°mw.

Ah-km-\-Im-esØ AS-bm-f-ambn

"GSp-Iƒ \nh¿Ø-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ'

(18:11)- F∂v Jp¿-B≥ ]d-™Xv

Nmhp-I-S¬ Npcp-fp-Isf Ipdn-®m-

bn-cn-°ptam? GXm-bmepw Nmhp-

I-S¬ Npcp-fp-Iƒ {InkvXp-a-X-

Øn\v G¬]n-°p∂ {]Xym-LmXw

hºn-®-Xm-bn-cn-°pw. KqKnƒ F¿

Øpw C{km-tb¬ ]pcm-h-kvXp

-h-Ip∏pw tN¿∂v Ct∏mƒ shfn-

s∏-Sp-Øm≥ Xocp-am-\n® Npcp-fn

s‚ cl-ky-ßƒ tbip-hns‚

Pohn-X-Ønte°v IqSp-X¬ sh

fn®w hoip-sa∂v {]Xo-£n-°p-∂p.

420

25

2010 \hw_¿

h¿[\-hn-\p-th-≠n-bp≈ ]c-

kv]c am’cyw \nßsf A{i-

≤-cm-°n-bn-cn -°p-∂p. \nßƒ

ivaim-\-ßƒ kμ¿in-°p-thm

fw. th≠m, Xo¿®-bmbpw \nß-

f-dnb-pw AtX th≠. Xo¿®-

bmbpw \nß-f-dnbpw. Aß-s\-

b√ \nßƒ ZrV-am-b-dn-bp-∂-

]£w Xo¿®-bm bpw \nßƒ \c-

IsØ ImWpw (102-˛2-˛9).

`uXn-I-h-kvXp-°ƒ B¿Pn-

°m-\p≈ B{K-lØnepw AXv

\nd-th-‰m-\p≈ {ia-Ønepw Bfp-

Iƒ kwXr-]vXn Is≠-Øp-∂p.

sSen-hnj≥, kn\n-a, tdUntbm

apX-emb am[y-a-ßƒ P\-ßsf

CØcw D]-t`m-K-h-kvXp-°ƒ

hmßn-°q- m≥ \nc-¥cw {]tem`n

∏n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp

∂p. mj\pw •ma-dn\pw tbmPn®

coXn-bn¬ tjm∏nßv sk‚-dp-Iƒ

tamSn-]n-Sn-∏n®v P\-ßsf AXv

hmßm-\mbn {]tem`n∏n-°p-∂p.

CsX√mw ImWp∂ Bfp-Iƒ°v

D∂X iºfw In´p∂ tPmen,

]q¿Æ-ambpw ¿Wnjp sNbvXp

B[p-\nI hoSv, ]pXnb Im¿, hne-

IqSnb hkv{X-ßƒ, F∂n-h-

sb√mw Ah-cpsS Bh-iy-ß-

B[p-\nI ImesØ Xn∑-Iƒ

_nem¬ AXvIn≥k¨

fpsS ap≥K-W-\-bn¬ hcp-∂p.

CsX√mw AXym-h-iy-h-kvXp-°

fmbn Ah¿ Icp-Xp-∂p. Ah

X\n°v Bh-iy-apt≠m As√-

¶n¬ Ah X\n°v hmWm≥

km[y-amtWm Fs∂m∂pw AØ-

c-°m¿ kzbw tNmZn-°m-dn-√.

`uXn-I-aq -ey -ßfpw kº

Øpw Pohn-X-Øns‚ e£y-ambn

amdp-tºmƒ a\p-jy\v Ah-\m-

hp∂ kºØv hmcn-°q-´m-\p≈

Xzc A\n-hm-cy-ambpw A`n-\n-th-

i-ambn amdp-∂p. kzm¿∞-\mbn

amdp∂ a\p-jy≥ A\y-cpsS

t£a-sØ∏-‰n-bp≈ Nn¥- hn-\-jvS-

am-bh\pw Pohn-X-Øns‚ bYm¿

∞ aqeysØ∏‰n ]cn-K-W\-bn-√m-

Ø-h\pambn amdp-∂p.

Hcp cmPysØ {]tXy-In®p

]m›m-Xy-\m-Sp-I-fpsS kºZv hyh

ÿ H‰-t\m-´-Øn¬ ho£n°p-

tºmƒ Ah¿ kº-∂-cm-sW∂v

{]Xo-Xn-bmWp≠m-°p-∂Xv. AXm-

bXv Ahn-SpsØ P\-ß-fpsS hoSv,

Imdv, ^¿Wn-®¿, hkv{Xw, apJy

Krtlm-]-I-c-Wßƒ F√mw Xs∂

IS-Øn\v hmßn-b-Xm-bn-cn-°pw.

hy‡n-bp-sStbm cmPy-Øn-s‚tXm

BI-s´, Ah¿ A[zm-\n®p kºm-

Zn-°mØ [\w Nne-h-gn-°p-∂Xv

A]-I-S-am-Wv. an° kºZv hyh-

ÿbpw \S-∂p-\o-ßp-∂Xv ]en-

i°v ISambn hmßnb [\-Øn-

em-Wv. _m¶p-I-fm-Is´ ]Ww hmcn-

t°mcn \¬Im≥ Xøm-dpam-Wv.

ap∏Xv h¿j-ßƒ°v apºv ]Ww

ISw hmßm≥ A{X Ffp-∏-a√m-

bn-cp-∂p. C∂v AXv hfsc Ffp-

∏-am-Wv. ISw hmßp-∂-bm-fpsS

hy‡n-]-c-amb hcp-am-\tam ISw

ho´p-hm-\p≈ Abm-fpsS Ignthm

H∂pw Xs∂ [\-Im-cy-ÿm-]-\-

ßƒ ]cn-K-Wn-°p-∂n-√. ISw

\¬Im≥ kzoI-cn-®n-cp∂ ]e

\n_-‘-\-Ifpw C∂v Hgn-hm-°n-bn-

cn-°p-∂p. IS-Øn¬ apßn-b-h¿°v

ho≠pw ]Ww ISw hmßm≥ CXv

t{]cW \¬Ip-∂p. A¥n-ahniI-

e-\-Øn¬ Ah¿ ISw hmßp-∂Xv

_m¶p-I-fn¬ \n∂√ Ah-cpsS

`mhn-bn¬ \n∂p-X-s∂-bmWv.

hmKvZØ alvZn lZvdØv

an¿km Kpemw AlvaZv (A) kº-

Øn\v ]n∂mse t]mIp-∂-Xns‚

A]-I-S-sØ-∏‰n Xm°oXv sN

øp∂p.

"BUw-_-c-]q¿Æhpw, kpJ-

B[p\nI-Im-eØv Ckveman-I-Po-hnXw Fßs\

\bn-°-W-sa∂v teJ-I≥ hnh-cn-°p∂p

421

26

kXyZqX≥

{]-Z-hpw, \ncpØ-c-hm-Z-]-c-hp-amb

PohnXw Hcp im]-am-Wv. AXv

t]mse B PohnXw acym-Z-sI-

´Xpw lrZ-b-iq-\yhpw A\y-cpsS

bmX-\-I-fn¬ {i≤n°mØXp-am-

Wv. F√m [\m-Vy\pw Ahs‚

{k jvSm-hn-t\mSpw AXp-t]mse

kl-N-c-tcm-Sp-ap≈ Ahs‚ IS-a-

Iƒ \nd-th-‰m≥ _m[y-ÿ-\m-Wv.

]mh-s∏-´-h-t\-°m-fpw Xo¿®-

bmbpw ]W-°m-c≥ C°m-cy-

Øn¬ adp-]Sn ]d-tb≠n hcpw.

Cu temIsØ {lkz-amb Pohn-

X-Øn\v ssZh-Øn¬ \n∂pw

]q¿Æ-ambpw apJw-Xn-cn-°p-∂-h≥

F{X-am{Xw \n¿`m-Ky-hm-\m-Wv. (In-

ivXosN \qlv 1902)

CuPn-]vXnse ^tdm-h-Iƒ

Ah-cpsS ih-Ip-So-c-ß-fn¬ ]c-

tem-I-Po-hn-X-Øn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-

°m≥th≠n F√m-hn[ kpJm-Vw-

_-c-h-kvXp-°fpw kw -cn-®p-sh-®n-

cp∂p. sX‰mb k¶ev]-Øn-em-sW-

¶nepw Npcp-ßn-bXv ]c-tem-I-Po-

hn-X-sØ-°p-dn®v Ah¿ Nn¥n-®n-

cp-∂p. F∂m¬ Cu Ime-L-´-

Ønse P\-ßƒ ac-Wm-\-¥c

Pohn-X-sØ-°p-dn®v Atijw

Nn¥n-°m-dn-√. CXmWv Ah-cpsS

Bflo-bhpw [m¿Ωn-I-hp-amb

A[x-]-X-\-Øn\v Imc-Ww. acWw

hsc ùXn-I-hn-`-h-ßƒ B¿Pn-

°m≥ th≠nbp≈ {ia-Øn¬

Ah¿ apgn-In-bn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.

Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp∂p:

hniz-kn-®-htc, {Ib-hn-{I-

btam ssa{Xo-_-‘tam, ip]m¿

itbm C√mØ Hcp \mƒ hcp-∂-

Xn\v apºv \mw \nßƒ°v \¬In-

bn- p-≈-Xn¬ \n∂v \nßƒ sNehv

sNøp-I. \ntj-[n-Iƒ Xs∂-bmWv

A[¿a-Im-cn-Iƒ (2:2550).

Hcp apkvenans‚ amXrI

dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n(-k)-bm-Wv. Ahn-

Sp∂v Atd-_y-bpsS tNmZyw sNø-

s∏-SmØ c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-bmbn amdn

bncp∂n´pw Ahn-SpsØ PohnXw

B¿°pw A\p-I-cn-°m≥ Ign-bp-

∂-hn[w AXoh efn-X-am-bn-cp-∂p.

ùXn-I-hn-`-h-ßsf kw_-‘-n®

{]iv\w h∂m¬ \ΩpsS bYm¿

∞ Bhiyw F¥m-sW∂v \mw

tNmZn-°-Ww. ]Ww ISw hmßp-

∂Xv \mw Hgn-hm-°-Ww. BUw-_-

c-h-kvXp-°ƒ ]en-i°v IS-sa-

SpØv hmßp-∂Xv ]msS h¿Pn°-

Ww. efnX-ambn `£n-°p-Ibpw

`£-W-km-[-\-ßƒ ]mgm-°m-Xn-cn-

°p-Ibpw thWw.

\nc-¥-c-amb {hXm-\p-jvTm\w

Zcn-{Zs‚ Ahÿ a\- n-em-°m≥

klm-b-I-c-am-Wv. Ahs\ klm-

bn-°m\pw Zmcn-{Zy-\n¿am¿÷-\-

Øn\pw AXv klm-b-I-am-Wv.

AXmXv Ime-Øp≈ Jeo-^-am¿

Poh-Im-cp-Wy-{]-h¿Ø-\-ßƒ

°mbn \S-Øp∂ Blzm-\-ß-tfmSv

\mw {]Xn-I-cn-°-Ww. Ckvemw

ùXn-I-hn- -h-ßƒ At\z-jn-°p-∂-

Xn¬ \n∂pw \sΩ XS-bp-∂n-√.

hn⁄m-\hpw kºØpw kºm-Zn-

°p-∂-Xnt\m _nkn-\- ntem hyh-

km-b-Øntem G¿s∏-Sp-∂-Xnt\m

Ckvemw XS w \n¬°p-∂n-√.

ssZh-Øns‚ B⁄-Iƒ°v as‰-

¥n-t\-°mfpw \mw D]-cn-ÿm\w

\¬I-W-sa-∂mWv Ckvemw \njv

I¿jn-°p-∂-Xv. \ΩpsS e£yw

\ΩpsS ssZh-am-Wv. Cu e£yw

\mw Ft∏mgpw Hm¿Ωn°-Ww.

aZyw, NqXm-´w, Ip‰-Ir-Xy-ßƒ

F∂nh-sb√mw C°m-eØv h¿≤n-

®p hcp∂ uXn-I- Xn-∑-I-fm-Wv.

C‚¿s\‰v

\mw C‚¿s\-‰ns‚ ]e hn]-

Øp-I-sf-°p-dn®pw tIƒ°p-∂p.

Nneh DuXns∏-cp-∏n-®-h-bm-Wv.

C‚¿s\‰v hn⁄m-\-k-ºm-Z-Øn\v

hfsc D]-Im-c-{]-Z-amb Hcp D]-

I-c-W-am-Wv. AXv t]mse AXv

Zpcp-]-tbm-Khpw sNømw. hn⁄m-

\tNmcW-Øn\v C‚¿s\‰v D]-

tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. CØcw tNmc-

W-ßƒ XS-bm≥ ê-{]-Z-amb

BtKm-f-\n-b-a-hy-hÿ C‚¿s\-

‰n¬ C√.

C‚¿s\‰v Nne-t∏mƒ {Inan-\-

ep-Iƒ D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øm-dp-≠v.

Nm‰v dqan¬ {]th-in-®m¬ ssew

KnI sshIr-X-ap-≈-hcpw bph-P-

\-ßsf hgn-sX-‰n-°m≥ C‚¿s\-

‰n¬ ]Xp-ßn-bn-cn-∏p-≠v. Bfp-Isf

kw_-‘n®v ]cn-tim-[-\-bp-an-√m-

sX-bmWv Nm‰n-ßn¬ G¿s∏-Sp-∂-

Xv. Nm‰v dqan¬ Bfp-Iƒ ]c-

kv]cw Adn -bm-Xn -cn -°p-∂Xv

Ah¿°v F¥pw GXpw kwkm-

cn-°m-\p≈ kpJ-ku-I-cy-ßƒ

\¬Ip-∂p. Nm‰v dqan¬ an°hcpw

ka-h-b-kvI-cmb Bfp-Isf

At\z-jn-°p∂p. ]t£ Ah¿°v

Xß-fp-ambn _‘-s∏-Sp-∂-bmsf

kw_-‘n®v bmsXmcp bYm¿∞

hnh-chpw e`y-a-√. Hcm-fpsS

bYm¿∞ hnhcw C‚¿s\-‰-n-eqsS

an°-hcpw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂n-√.

AXns‚ ê-ambn Hcm-fpsS

B¥cnI [m¿Ωn-I-t_m-[hpw

kmaq-ln-I-t_m-[hpw Xmgv∂ \ne-

hmcw {]m]n-°p-∂p. Nm‰v dqan¬

kw -hn-°p-∂Xv Hcm-fpsS apJØv

t\m°n ]d-bm≥ aSn-°p∂ Imcy-

ßƒ \n¿e÷w ]d-bpI F∂p-

≈-Xm-Wv. Nm‰v dqanse an° kw`m-

j-W-ßfpw, A{I-a-]-c-hpw, Akm-

∑m¿Knhpw ]c-P-\-hn-tZzjw {]I-

Sn-∏n-°p-∂-Xp-am-bn-cn-°pw.

422

27

2010 \hw_¿

C‚¿s\‰v hfsc kzX-{¥-

ambn tjm∏nw-ßv, kwKo-Xw,

^nenw, ssewKn-IX F∂n-h-bn-

te°v Bfp-Isf B\bn°p-∂p.

BfpIfpsS \nc-h[n hne-s∏´

aWn-°q-dp-Iƒ AXn-\p-ap-∂n¬

Nne-hgn®v C‚¿s\‰ns‚ ASn-a-I-

fmbn amdp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. F{X

\ncp-]-{Z-h-I-c-ambn I≠mepw icn

C‚¿s\‰v ASn-a-Øap-≠m-°p-

Ibpw Hcm-fpsS k¥p-enX Pohn-

XsØ \in-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

C‚¿s\‰v Ipń-Iƒ D]-tbm-

Kn-°p-∂-Xn-s\-Xnsc c£n-Xm-°ƒ

Akz-ÿ-cm-Wv. AXv kzImcyX

kwc-£n-°p-∂ps≠∂v ]d-b-s∏-Sp-

tºmƒ Xs∂ C‚¿s\-‰n-eqsS Ip n-

Iƒ A\m-h-iyhpw A«o-e-I-c-hp-

amb sX‰p-I-fn-te°v B\-bn-°-s∏-

Sp-∂p. ssewKn-I-X. hwio-b-X, hb-

e≥kv F∂nh Ipń-Isf Ffp∏w

kzm[o-\n-°p-∂p. C‚¿s\-‰ns‚

hnime temI-tØ°v Ipń-Isf

hnSp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ AXv Ah-cpsS

bYm¿∞ Pohn-XsØ A]-I-S-s∏-

Sp-Øp-∂-Xm-bn-cn-°pw. Ipń-Iƒ

hnh-c-ßƒ tiJ-cn-°p-tºmƒ

Xs∂ AXv I¿i-\-ambn \nb-{¥n-

°-s∏-S-Ww. C‚¿s\‰v LSn-∏n®

Iºyq- ¿ c£-n-Xm-°-∑m¿ s]cp-am-

dp∂ hońse s]mXp-ap-dn-I-fn-em-bn-

cn-°Ww ÿm]n-t°-≠-Xv. Hcn-

°epw Ipń-IfpsS InS-∏-d-bntem

kzImcy apdn-I-fntem Bbn-cn-°-

cp-Xv. hn⁄m-\-k-ºm-Z-Øn-\p-

th≠n C‚¿s\‰ns\ B{i-bn-°p-

∂-Xn-\p-]-Icw Ipń-Isf ]pkvX-

I-ß-ƒ hmbn-°m-\mWv t{]cn-∏n-

t°-≠-Xv.

B¨s]¨ k¶-e\w

ssewKn-I-Xsb kw_-‘n®v

t_m[w h∂Xv apX¬ BÏp-

ń-Ifpw s]Ïp-ń-I-fpw XΩn¬

CS-I-e-cp-∂-Xns\ Ckvemw hne-

°p-∂p. Cu \n_-‘\ Nne ]cn-

jvIm-cn-Iƒ°v ITn-\-X-c-ambn

tXm∂pw. ]t£ kzOμw B¨

s]Ïpń-Isf IqSn-°-e-cp-hm≥

hnSp-I-bm-sW-¶n-ep-≠m-Ip∂ {]

Xym-Lm-X-ß-sf-]‰n kq£va-ambn

Nn¥n-®m¬ Ckvemw Iev]n® Cu

\ntcm-[-\-Øns‚ bp‡nbpw

hnth-Ihpw a\- n-em-hpw.

[m¿Ωn-Im-h-ÿ-bpsS timj-

W-tØm-sSm∏w kv{Xo]p-cp-j-∑m¿

IqSn-°-ecp∂XmWv C°m-e-Øp-

≠m-Ip∂ an° Ip‰-Ir-Xy-ßƒ

°pw Imc-Ww. ]m›m-Xy-\m-Sp-I-

fn¬ {]tXy-In®v kv{Xo]p-cp-j-∑m¿

A¿≤-\-·-I-fmbn s]mXp-ÿ-e-ß-

fn¬ {]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-∂, Aev]

hkv{X-[m-cn-Wn-I-fmbn \oßp-∂p.

¢_p-I-fn¬ aZy-]m-\hpw Iem-]cn-

]m-SnIfpw \S-Øp-∂p. Ah¿ C—n-

°pw-hn[w ssewKn-I-tI-fn-Iƒ

Bcp-ambpw \S-Øp-∂p. ]m›m-Xy-

P-\Xbn¬ ]≠-tØ-Xn-t\-°mƒ

ssewKn-I-X, hy`n-Nm-cw, hnhm-l-

tam-N-\w, K¿ -On-{Zw, Ahn-hm-ln-

X-cmb kv{Xo]p-cpj∑m-cpsS kl-

Po-h-\w, kzh¿§-hn-hm-lw, Ch-

sb√mw h¿≤n-®n-cn-°p-∂p. AXn- -

bm-\-I-amb Hcp hn]-Øn-te-°mWv

CXv s]mbvs°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. \mw

]d-bp∂ Cu "s]¿an-kohv skm

ssk‰n' \mi-Øns‚ h°n-em-Wv.

IpSpw-_-ß-fpsS {ZX, a\p-jys‚

A¥- v, kzm`n-am\w F∂nh C√m-

Xm-hp-∂p. IpSpw-_-ßƒ On∂-`n-

∂-am-hp-∂p. ]e amc-I-tcm-K-ß-fpw

{ZpX-K-Xn-bn¬ ]c-°p-∂p. P\-ß-

fpsS kz`m-h-ßfpw amdn ad-bp-∂p.

B[p-\n-I-kaql-Ønse ]e

BNm-c-ßfpw ]¿±-k-{º-Zm-bsØ

_m[n-°p-∂p. ]¿±-k-{º-Zmbw

apkvenwk-aq-l-Ønse I¿i-\-

ambn ]men-®n-s√-¶n¬ hºn® hn]-

Øp-I-fn-te°v Ah hgn-sh-°pw.

{]m¿∞-\-Iƒ°v H∂n-®p-tN-

cp-∂Xv IqSmsX AlvaZn-Iƒ

kzmXzn-Icmb Bfp-I-fp-am-bp≈

kl-hmkw In´m≥ ÿnc-ambn

Pam-AØv ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fn¬ ]s¶-

Sp-°Ww. C°m-cy-ßƒ°v ap≥K-

W\ sImSp-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. kv{Xo]p-

cp-j-∑m¿ XΩn-ep≈ k¶-e\w

]q¿Æ-ambpw Hgn-hm-t°-≠-Xm-Wv.

hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ ]¿±bpsS XXz-

c-kXyw \ap°v a\- n-em-°n-Ø-

cp -∂p. BWns‚bpw s]Æn-

t‚bpw kao-]-\-Øn¬ Cu XXzw

{]Xn-^-en-°p-Ibpw thWw. hn

ip≤ Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp-∂p.

"kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fmb ]pcp-

j-∑m-tcmSv ]d-bp-I, Ah¿ Xß

fpsS IÆp-Iƒ XmgvØp-Ibpw

Xß-fpsS Kply-ÿm-\-ßƒ kq

£n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm-≈-s´.

AXv Ah¿°v G‰hpw ]cn-ip-≤-

amb am¿§-am-Wv. A√mlp Ah¿

{]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xns\ Ipdn®v kq

£va-ambn Adn-bp-∂-h-\m-Wv. k-Xy-

hn-izm-kn-I-tfmSv ]d-bpI: Ah¿

Xß-fpsS IÆp-Iƒ XmgvØp-I

bpw XßfpsS Kply-ÿm-\-ßƒ

kq£n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm-≈-

s´. (24:31, 32)

kv{XoIƒ Ah-cpsS icocw

hkv{X-ßƒ sIm≠v amSn ]pX-°p-

Ibpw A]-cn-Nn-X-cmb ]pcp-j-

∑m¿°v apºn¬ ZrjvSn XmgvØp-

Ibpw sNøp-I, ]pcp-j-∑mcpw

]¿± BN-cn-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. AXv

Ah-cpsS [m¿Ωn-I-amb A]-{`w-

i-ßsf XS-bp-∂-Xm-Wv. hfsc

DNn-X-⁄-X-tbm-sS-bm-bn-cn-°Ww

423

28

kXyZqX≥

]¿± BN-cn-t°-≠-Xv. AXv Im¿°-

iy-tØmsS ASn-t®¬∏n-°-s∏-S-

cpXv. \ΩpsS aqey-ßsf kw_-

‘n®v \mw A{i-≤-cm-h-cp-Xv. ]¿±-

bpsS Bflmhv Dƒs°m≠v ]¿±

BN-cn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. C°m-eØv

km[m-cW ImWp∂ aZy-]m-\w,

kwKo-Xw, \rØw, ]m´v F∂n-h-

bp≈ kZ- p-Iƒ \mw Hgn-hm-t°-

≠-Xm-Wv. kv{Xo]p-cp-j-∑m¿ ]c-

kv]cw lkvX-Zm\w sNøp-∂Xpw

Hgn-hm-°-Ww.

kv{Xo]p-cp-j-∑m¿°nS-bn¬

{]IrXym ImWp∂ BI¿jWw

˛ CØcw IqSn-tN-c-ep-I-fn-eqsS

Zpcp-]-tbmKw sNø-s∏-Sp-∂p. CXv

kaq-l-Øns‚ [m¿Ωn-I-Xsb

A]-I-S-s∏-Sp-Øpw. Aßs\ ]Sn-

]-Sn-bmbn A\n-b-{¥nX ssewKn-I-

X-bn-te°pw ssewKnI tcmK-ß-fn-

te°pw AXv hf-cp∂p. [m¿Ωn-I-

X-bpsS A]-Nbw kaq-l-Øns‚

Btcm-Ky-tØbpw _m[n-°p-∂p.

ssewKnI ]I¿®-hym -[n -Iƒ

Db¿Øp∂ ojWn AXoh Kpcp-

X-c-am-Wv. \yqtdm-Un-knkv, am\-kn-

I-tcm-K-ßƒ, apX-emb Zo\-ßƒ

ssewKnI ]cn[n ewL-\-Øns‚

^e-ßƒ IqSn-bm-Wv. FbvUvkv

tcmKw CXnse G‰hpw {]Xy-£-

amb sXfn-hm-Wv. acp-∂p-I-fn-√msX

Cu amdm-tcmKw Hmtcm Znh-khpw-

Bbnc-°-W-°n\v Bfp-Isf

_m[n-°p∂-Xmbn dnt∏m¿´p-Iƒ

kqNn-∏n-°p-∂p. apl-ΩZv \_n

(-k)bpsS Hcp lZokv CXp-kw-_-

‘n®v C{]-Im-c-am-Wv.

"ssewKn-IX \n¿e÷w \S-am-

Sp-∂Xv hsc A√mlp Hcp P\-X-

bnepw AXv kw -hn-∏n°n-√. AXv

Ah¿°n-S-bn¬ \nc-¥-c-ambn ITn-

\-amb kmw{I-an-I-tcm-K-ßfpw a‰p-

tcm-K-ßfpw {]Xy-£-s∏-SpØpw.

Ah-cpsS ]q¿Δ-]n-Xm-°ƒ Hcn-

°epw AØcw tcmK-Øn\v km

£yw hln-®n- p-≠m-hn√ (kp-\≥

C_v\p-am-P, InXm-_p≥ ^nXv≥)

DJq-_mØv thm. 2 Zmdp¬ nIv¿

A¬ Ad_n t]. 1333)

\mw IqSp-X-embn Hu´vtUm¿

sKbn-ap-Iƒ, Imbn-I-hn-t\m-Z-ßƒ,

knssU--\n-ßv, Irjn, Km¿U-\nßv,

apX-em-b-h-bn¬ {i≤n-°p-Ibpw

sSen-hn-j-\nse B`mk-I-chpw

A«oew \nd-™-Xp-amb ]cn-]m-Sn-

Iƒ Hgnhm°p-Ibpw thWw.

Ifhpw NXnbpw

If-hmWv F√m Ip-‰-Ir-Xy-ß-

fp-tSbpw amXm-hv. C∂v temIØv

apgp-h≥ If-hmWv ImW-s∏-Sp-∂-

Xv. \n¿tZm-j-I-c-amb Ifhv kaq

lw C∂v AwKo-I-cn-®Xv t]mse-bm-

Wv. F¥v \ndw \nßƒ AXn\v

\¬In-bmepw Ifhv Ifhv Xs∂-

bm-Wv. [m¿an-Ihpw kmwkvIm-cn-

I-hp-amb temIsØ \nc-h[n

{]iv\-ßƒ D¤-hn-°p-∂Xv kXy-

k-‘-Xbpw B¿Phhpan-√m-bva-

bn¬ \n∂m-Wv. kXy-an-√msX \oXn-

bn-√ F∂v \mw Hm¿°-Ww.

kXyw ]d-bpI F∂Xnt\-

°mƒ al-Ø-c-amb as‰mcp KpW-

hp-an-√. kXyw F∂Xv ico-c-

Øns‚ Ah-bhw t]msebmWv.

Ah-b-h-an-√msX ico-c-Øn\v Nen-

°m≥ km[y-a-√. F¥v Xs∂

\jvS-ap-≠m-bmepw Hcmƒ kXyw

am{Xta ]d-bm-hq. Ifhv ]d-bp-∂-

X-S°w \nc-h[n Zp¿KpW-ß-fp≈

Hcmƒ Hcn-°¬ dkq¬ Xncp-ta-

\n(k)sb kao-]n®p AØcw

]m]-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw c£ t\Sm≥

Xm≥ F¥v sNøWw F∂v

At±lw dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n(-k)-

tbmS v tNmZn -®p. Ahn -Sp∂v

]d™p \o Ifhv Dt]-£n-°-Ww.

Ahs‚ kIe Zp¿Kp-W-ßƒ°pw

ASn-ÿm\ ImcWw Ifhv ]d-

bp∂ Zp»o-e-am-Ip∂p. ]n∂oSv

Abmƒ \√-h-\mbnØocp-I-bm-

Wv. Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp∂p:

. . . . kXy-hn -izm -kn -Ifpw

kXy -h n -i z m -k n - \ nI - f p w . . .

A√mlp Ah¿s°√mw ]m]-ap-

‡nbpw al-Ømb {]Xn- -ehpw

Hcp-°n-sh-®n-´p-≠v. (33:36)

Cu hN-\-Øn¬ kXy-Øn

s‚ kz`m-hhpw XXz-im-kv{Xhpw

AXns‚ kIe hi-ßfpw ]d-

™n-´p -≠v. Cu hN-\-Øn¬

kXyw A√m-lp-hn\v th≠n-

bp≈Xv am{X-am-sW∂v ]d-bp-∂p.

\ap-°-dnbmw Ah-\n¬ \n∂v

H∂pw ad-®p-sh-°m≥ \ap°v

km[y-a-√. k¿Δ-hym-]n-bmb B

ssZh-Øn¬ \mw hniz-kn-°p-I-bm-

sW-¶n¬ Ifhns‚ ]n∂n-sem-fn®v

\ΩpsS sXmen c£n-°m≥ km[y-

a-√. \mw Znt\\ \ΩpsS ssZ\w

Zn\-I¿Ω-ß-sf-°p-dn®pw Nn¥n-°p-

Ibpw Ah Ckvemans‚ A≤ym-

]-\-ßƒ°-\p-k-cn®v kwkv°-cn-

°p-Ibpw thWw.

"\oXn ]pe¿Øp-∂-Xn\pw a‰p-

≈-h¿°v \∑ sNøp-∂-Xn\pw

ASpØ _‘p-°ƒs°-∂-t]m

se klmbw \¬Ip-∂-Xn\pw

A√mlp Iev]n-°p-∂p. \oN-hr-

Øn-tbbpw \njn-≤-I¿Ω-tØbpw

\nb-a-ew-L-\-tØbpw Ah≥ hne-

°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. \nßƒ

Nn¥n®p a\- n-em-°p-∂-Xn\v

th≠n Ah≥ \nßsf D]-tZ-in-

°p∂p (16:91).

hfsc efn-X-kp-μ-c-amb Cu

hN-\-ß-fnse Bi-b-ßƒ GXv

(tijw 34˛ ¬)

424

29

2010 \hw_¿

kZm-Nmc-t_m[w hf¿Øn-sb-Sp-°¬:

kvtIm´vem‚nse FUn≥ _¿en¬ thh¿en

tÃj-\n¬ \n∂pw GXm≠v ap∂q-dSn ZqcØv

{]n≥kkv kv{So‰n¬ Hcp henb kvamcIs°´n-S-ap-

≠v. C°-gn™ \q‰m-≠nse {]i-kvX-\mb Fgp-

ØpIm-c\pw Ncn-{X-Im-c-\p-am-bn-cp∂ k¿ hmƒ´¿

kvtIm´ns‚ Hm¿Ω-bv°mbn ]Wn Xo¿Ø-Xm-WXv.

Cu kvamcIw ImWp-tºm-sgms° F\nbv°v Hm¿Ω

hcp-∂-Xv, At±lw Xs‚ ac-W-°n-S-°-bn¬ InS-∂p-

sIm≠v kz¥w acp-a-I-t\mSp ]d™ Ah-km-\-hm-

°p-I-fm-Wv. ""F\nbv°p \nt∂mSp kwkm-cn-bv°p-

hm≥ Hcp an\n´p e`n-®n-cn-bv°p-∂p. Fs‚ {]nb-a-I-

t\, \o Hcp \√ a\p-jy-\m-bn-cn-bv°p-I, k®-cn-X-\m-

bn-cn-bv°p-I, Cuiz-c-hn-izm-k-ap-≈-h-\m-bn-cn-bv°p-I.

ac-W-°n-S-°-bn-se-Øp-tºmƒ AX-√msX as‰m∂pw

\n\°v Bizmkw \¬IpI-bn-√.''

k¿ hmƒ´¿ kvtIm v kmln-Xy-cw-KØv Hcp-]mSv

{]ikvXn t\Sp-Ibpw et£m-]-e-£w hmb-\-°m-

cpsS Bcm-[-\m-]m-{X-am-hp-Ibpw sNbvX alZv

hy‡n-bm-bn-cp-∂p. F∂mepw At±-l-Øns‚ Pohn-

X-Øns‚ Ah-km\ \nan-j-ß-fn¬ AsXm∂pw At±-

l-Øn \p henb Imcy-ambn tXm∂n-bn√. Xm≥ ]cn-

io-en®p t\Sn-sb-SpØ khn-tij [m¿Ωn-I-Kp-W-ß-

fmWv Xs‚ Pohn-X-Ønse G‰hpw aqey-ta-dnb

kºØv F∂v At±lw a\- n-em-°n.

hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\n¬ ]d-bp∂p: ""Fs∂ Bcm-

[n-bv°m≥ th≠n-b-√msX Pn∂n-t\bpw C≥kn-

t\bpw Rm≥ krjvSn-®n- n-√.'' (51:57). Cu hcn-I-fn¬

"Bcm-[\' F∂-Xp-sIm≠v Dt±-in-°p-∂Xv apd-{]-Im-

c-ap≈ {]m¿∞\ am{X-a-√. \ΩpsS at\m-hym-]m-c-

ß-fn¬, I¿Ω-ß-fn¬, kw`m-j-W-ß-fn¬ F√mw

Xs∂ A√m-lp-hns‚ KpW-K-W-ßƒ {]I-S-am-bn-cn-

°-Ww. AXmWv bYm¿∞-Øn-ep≈ ssZhm-cm-[-\.

\Ωnse [m¿Ωn-I-aq-ey-ßƒ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn-eq-

sS-bmWv ssZhm-cm-[\ ]q¿Æ-am-Ip-∂-Xv. \ΩpsS \ne-

\n-ev]ns‚ Dt±iyw Xs∂ AXm-Wv. AXn-\m¬ AN-

©-e-amb `‡n-tbmSp IqSn \mw \ΩpsS {i≤ Cu

BZ¿i-Øn¬ tI{μo-I-cn-bvt°-≠-Xp-≠v. Znh-k-hpw,

\mw ]d-bp-Itbm Fgp-Xp-Itbm sNøp∂ hm°p-I-

fnepw \ΩpsS {]hr-Øn-I-fnepw Nn¥-I-fnepw F

¥n\v apJ- m-h-ß-fn¬ t]mepw \∑-bpsS tPymXnkp

hnfßn {]k-cn-bv°-Ww.

""A√m-lpth, Fs‚ lrZ-b-Øn-tebv°pw sNhn-

I-fn-te°pw IÆp-I-fn-te°pw \mhn-te°pw Fs‚

he-Xp-h-iØpw Fs‚ CS-Xp-h-iØpw F\nbv°p

apI-fnepw F\nbv°p Iosgbpw \o {]Imiw ]cØn

Øtc-W-ta. ASn-bs\ Aß-bpsS {]Im-i-Øn¬

\na-÷\w sNtøWta.''

Cu {]m¿∞\ \ap°v Hcp {]tNm-Z-\-am-bn-cn-°-

Ww. a\p-jys‚ k¿Δ-{]-[m-\-amb Pohn-X-e£yw

\∑-bpsS ]cn-]q¿Æ-X-bn-se-ØpI F∂-Xm-sW∂pw

AXp \sΩ ssZh-Øns‚ ZrjvSn-bn¬ BZ-c-Wo-b-

amb Hcp ]Z-hn-bn-te-°p-b¿Øp-sa∂pw hnip≤ Jp¿-

B-\n¬ {]kvXm-hn-®n-cn-bv°p-∂p. Hmtcm kXy-hn-izm-

kn-bp-tSbpw BXy-¥n-I-amb A`n-emjw AXm-bn-cn-

°-Ww.

hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\n¬ ]d-bp∂p: ""Xo¿®-bmbpw

A√m-lp-hns‚ ]°¬ \nß-fn¬ ht®-‰hpw

AXn-t{i-jvT-amb Pohn-X-coXn]Whpw kº-Øp-a√, \mw B¿Pn-°p∂ kZmNmc

[m¿ΩnI aqey-ß-fmWv a\p-jy\v a\- -am-[m\w \¬IpI

P\m-_v _io¿ AlvaZv Hm¿®mUv

425

30

kXyZqX≥

_lpam-\y≥ \nß-fn¬ ht®-‰hpw `b-`-‡n-bp-

≈-h-\m-Ip-∂p.'' (49:14)

a\p-jy-kr-jvSn-∏ns‚ Dt±iyw kphy-‡-ambn

Xs∂ hnip≤ Jp¿B\n¬ ]d-™n-cn-bv°p-∂p.

G‰hpw anI® km∑m¿§nI {]hr-Øn-Iƒ sNøm-

\mbn \mw Hmtcm \nan-jhpw ]cn-{i-an-®p-sIm-t≠-bn-

cn-°Ww F∂p hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ \sΩ ]Tn-∏n-°p-

∂p. Aß-s\-bn-cns° \ΩpsS at‰-sX-¶nepw B{K-

l-ßƒ°v ap≥K-W\ sImSp-t°≠ Bh-iy-sa-

¥mWv? Xo¿®-bmbpw \ap°v Pohn-Xm-`n-em-j-ßƒ

C√m-sX-b-√. ]t£ G‰-hpw Xo{h-ambn \ap-°p-≠m-

bn-cn-bvt°≠ A`n-emjw kZm-Nm-c-aq-ey-ßƒ hf¿

Øn-sb-Sp-°pI F∂-Xm-Wv. AXn-\p≈ Hcp am¿§-

am-bn-´mWv da-km≥ amk-Øn¬ {hX-a-\p-jvTn-°m-

\p≈ B⁄ A√mlp \ap°p X∂n-cn-bv°p-∂-Xv.

""hnizm-kn-Itf! \nßƒ°p apºp-≈-h¿°p

\n¿_-‘-am-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse \nßƒ°pw

{hXm-\p-jvTm\w \n¿_-‘-am-°-s∏-´n-cn-bv°p-∂p.

\nßƒ ([m¿Ωn-Ihpw Bflo-b-hp-amb \yq\-X-I-

f-C¬ \n∂pw kpc-£n-X-cmIpw hn[w) tZmj-_m-

[sb kq£n-bv°p-hm≥ th≠n.'' (2:184)

A√m-lp-hns‚ Cu am¿§-Z¿i\w a\- n¬

kq£n®p sIm≠v \mw Ft∏mgpw Gsd Hu’p-Iy-

tØm-sSbpw {]Xo-£-tbm-sSbpw da-km≥ amk-

Øns‚ hchpw ImØn-cn-bn-°p-Ibpw Gsd ipjv

Im-¥n-tbmsS {hX-a-\p-jvTn-°p-Ibpw sNtø-≠-Xm-Wv.

tcmKw, bm{X Aßs\ Nne {]tXyI kml-N-cy-ß-

fn¬ D≈-h¿°v A√mlp C°m-cy-Øn¬ Cfhpw ]cn-

lm-c-am¿§-ßfpw \n¿t±-in®p X∂n- p-ap-≠v.

C∂p qcn- mKw P\-ßfpw kmº-Øn-I-amb A`n-

hr≤n t\Sn-sb-Sp-°m-\p≈ XnSp-°-Øn-em-Wv. Ah-

cpsS F√m {ia-ßfpw {i≤bpw DXvI-WvTbpw C°m-

cy-Øn¬ am{X-ambn Xocp-∂p. kz¿Æ-Øn\p ap∂n¬

sh≈n F∂ t]mse \n m-c-amWv [m¿ΩnI aqey-

ßƒ°p ap∂n¬ kz¿Æhpw kºØpw F∂ bm

Ym¿∞yw Ah¿ ad-∂p-t]m-Ip-∂p.

hnip≤ Jp¿-B-\n¬ a\p-jy-s\∏‰n C{]-Imcw

]d-™n-cn-bv°p-∂p.

""[\-tØm-Sp≈ kvt\l-Øn¬ hfsc Xo{h-

X-bp-≈-h-\m-W-h≥.'' (100:9)

kº-Øp-≠m-bn-cn-°p-∂Xp \√Xp Xs∂. ]t£

AtXm-sSm∏w Xs∂, ]Ww sIm≠p t\Sn-sb-Sp-°m-

\m-hmØ Nne [m¿ΩnI KpW-hn-ti-j-ß-fp-≠v. Ah

\ap°p \jvS-am-Ip-∂pt≠m F∂v ]e {]mhiyw \mw

hne-bn-cp-tØ-≠-Xp-≠v.

bYm¿∞ kºZv kar-≤nsb∏‰n hnip≤ Jp¿-

B-\n¬ A√mlp (d) C{]-Imcw ]d-™n-cn-bv°p-∂p.

""]cn-ip≤nbm¿÷n-°p-Ibpw Xs‚ \mYs‚ \maw

kvacn-°p-Ibpw F∂n´p \a-kvI-cn -°p-Ibpw

sNbvX-h¿ Xo¿®-bmbpw hnPbw {]m]n-®p.'' (87:

15, 16)

ico-c-Øn\v BtcmKyw F∂ t]mse-bmWv

Bflm-hn\p \∑ \nd™ {]hr-Øn-Iƒ F∂ hkv

XpX \mw Hm¿Øn-cn-bn-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. imco-cn-Im-

tcmKyw ImØp kq£n-bv°m-\mbn P\-ßƒ F¥pw

sNøp-∂p. `£Ww \nb-{¥n-bv°m\pw hymbmaw

sNøm-\p-sams° D’p-I-cm-Ip-∂p. Fs¥-¶nepw

Akzmÿyw h∂m-ep-Ss\ Xs∂ G‰hpw {]K-¤-

\mb tUmIvSsd Is≠Øn D]-tZiw kzoI-cn-bv°p-

∂p. ]t£, C°q- ¿ s]mXpth Xß-fnse Poh-ssN-

X-\y-Øn\v Bflob ]cn-t]m-jWw \¬Ip∂ Imcy-

Øn¬ XnI®pw A{i-≤-cmWv F∂p am{X-a√ Ah¿

B≤ym-fln-I-ambn Xßƒ°p≈ XI-cm-dp-Iƒ°v icn-

bmb {]Xn-hn[n tXSn t]mIm-dp-an-√.

F√m \∑-Isf Ipdn®pw {]Xn-]m-Zn-°p∂ ]cn-

]q¿Æ-amb Hcp [¿Ω-kw-ln-X-bmWv Ckvemw aXw

\ap°p {]Zm\w sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂Xv. A√m-lp-hns‚

klmbw tXSn-s°m≠v B \∑-Iƒ \Ωn¬ hf¿Øn-

sb-Sp-°m≥ ]cn-{i-an-°pI F∂Xv \ΩpsS DØ-c-

hm-Zn-Xz-am-Wv. AXp \sΩ Xs∂ klm-bn-°-em-Wv.

AXn-\mbn {ian-°p-∂-hsc A√mlp klm-bn-°p-

Ibpw kwc-£n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

Ckveman-Im-≤ym-]\a\p-k-cn®p \ΩpsS Nn¥-I-

sfbpw {]hr-Øn-I-sfbpw icn-bmb coXn-bn¬ \nb-

{¥n-°pI F∂-XmWv kZm-Nm-c-t_m[w hf¿Øn-sb-

Sp-°m≥ F∂-Xp-sIm≠v ChnsS Dt±-in-®n-cn-bv°p-∂Xv.

kvt\lw Hcp [m¿Ωn-I-Kp-W-am-hp-∂Xv AXv kμ¿

t`m-Nn-X-ambpw icn-bmb coXn-bnepw {]I-Sn-∏n-bv°-

s∏-Sp-tºm-gm-Wv. A√msX \n ¿§-f-am-btXm sX ‰mb

Zni-bn-te-°p-≈tXm BsW-¶n¬ kvt\lw Hcp

[m¿ΩnI KpWa-√. DZm-l-c-W-Øn\p arK-ßƒ Xß-

fpsS Ip™p-ßƒ°p \¬Ip∂ kvt\lhpw kwc-

£-Whpw \n ¿K-f-am-b-Xm-Wv. {]IrXym D≈-Xm-Wv.

AsXmcp \∑ \nd™ {]hr-Øn-bmbn ]cn-K-Wn-bv°-

s∏-Sp-∂n-√. AΩ Xs‚ kz¥w Ip™n\v th≠p-∂-

426

31

2010 \hw_¿

sX√mw hmßns°mSp-°p-∂p. CjvS-ap-≈-sXms°

sNøm≥ A\p-hmZw \¬Ip-∂p. kvt\lhpw hm’-

eyhpw tImcns®mcn-bp-∂p. AXpw "kvt\lw' F∂

[m¿Ωn-I-Kp-W-Øn\v Hcp ZrjvSm-¥-a-√. AXp-t]m-se-

Xs∂ as‰m-cp-hs‚ mcy-sb, Ah-tfm-Sp≈ hnIm-c-

]m-c-hiyw sImt≠m {]Wbw sImt≠m kz¥-am°n

IqsS Xma-kn-∏n-bv°p-∂-Xn\pw "kvt\lw' F∂

hm°v A\p-tbm-Py-a-√. amXr-kvt\-lw, Ian-Xm-°ƒ

XΩn-ep≈ kvt\lw F∂-Xn-s\ms° A∏pdw "kvt\

lw' F∂ kZvKp-W-Øn\v A¿∞-hym-]vXn-bp-≠v.

[m¿Ωn-I-]p-tcm-K-Xn-bpsS L´-ßƒ

a‰p-≈-h-tcmSp s]cp-am-dp-∂-Xn\pw CS-]-g-Ip-∂-

Xn\pw Bh-iy-amb aq∂p {]tXyI L -ß-fn-te°v

hmKvZØ akolv (A) \ΩpsS {i≤ £Wn-®n-cn-bv°p-

∂p. H∂m-asØ L´-Øn\v Bh-iy-am-bn-´p-≈Xv

\tΩmSv a‰p-≈-h¿ Fßs\ s]cp-am-dWw F∂p \mw

B{K-ln-°p-∂pthm AXp-t]mse Ah-tcmSp s]cp-

am-dpI F∂-Xm-Wv. \∑bv°p \Ωƒ \∑ Xncn®p

sImSp-°-Ww. c≠mw L´-Øn\p th≠-Xv, \Ωƒ

kzoI-cn-®n- p-≈-Xn-t\-°mƒ Gsd \∑bpw sa®-amb

s]cp-am-‰hpw a‰p-≈-h¿°mbn ImgvN-sh-°pI As√-

¶n¬ Xncn®p \¬IpI F∂-Xm-Wv. F∂m¬ aq∂mw

L´-Øn¬, \ap°v Fs¥-¶nepw Xncn-®p-In-´Ww

F∂p Nn¥n-bv°pI t]mepw sNømsX a‰p-≈-h¿°p

tkh-\hpw \∑bpw sN-øp-I-bmWp th≠-Xv. \tΩmSv

GsX-¶nepw Xc-Øn-ep≈ IS∏mSv Ds≠∂v Hcp

kqN\ t]mepw \mw \ΩpsS klmbw kzoI-cn-

°p∂ hy‡nbv°v Hcn-bv°epw sImSp-°m≥ ]mSn-

√. Hc-Ωbv°p Ip™n-t\m-Sp≈ kvt\lw t]mse,

Cu am\-kn-Im-hÿ kzm`m-hn-I-ambn hc-Ww. A{X-

tbsd AIr-{Xn-a-am-b, As√-¶n¬ kl-P-amb Hcp-

am-\-kn-Im-h-ÿ-bmWv \mw a‰p-≈-hsc klm-bn-

°p∂ Imcy-Øn¬ hf¿Øn-sb-Sp-t°-≠-Xv.

[m¿Ωn-I-aq-ey-ßƒ:

Hcp-]mSp hy‡n-]-c-amb Kp W-K-W-ßƒ CXn¬

Dƒs∏-Sp-∂p. Bflm-`n-am-\w, {]Xn-]-£-_-lp-am-\w,

A\p-I-º, klm-\p- q-Xn, kXy-k-‘-X, £am-io-ew,

emfn-Xyw, ipNn-Xzw, kuay-{]-Ir-Xw, hn]-Zn-ss[-cyw,

k∑-\- v, alm-a-\-kvIX, kl-\-i-‡n, ÿnc-Nn-

ØX, ÿntcm-’m-lw, Zo\-Z-bm-ep-Xzw, Zm\-io-ew,

hn\-bw, BXn-Yy-a-cym-Z, Imcp-Wyw, \oXn-\n-jvT,

Bfl-kw-b-a-\w, kwXr-]vXm-h-ÿ, Du¿÷-kz-e-X,

klm-b-a-\-kvI-X, IrX-⁄-X, ]mXn-{h-Xyw, kln-

jvWp-X, kvt\lw, \nkzm¿∞X Cßs\ \ap-°p-

≠m-bn-cn-bvt°≠ Hcp-]mSp \√ KpW-ßƒ D≠v.

C°m-cy-Øn¬ apl-ΩZp \_n(-k)sb Ig-n™p

as‰mcp DZm-l-c-W-an-√. \_n(-k) Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS khn-

ti-j-Kp-W-ßsf kvXpXn-®p-sIm≠v hmKvZØ ako

lv (A) Fgp-Xnb Hcp IhnX CXp kphy-‡-am-°p-

∂p.

""F{X alm-\mb a\p-jy≥!

Fs¥mcp BI¿j-IX!

At±-l-Øns‚ izmk-\n-izm-k-ßƒ°p ]q°-fpsS

kpK‘w!

B apJØp ssZhw Zriy-am-Ip∂p!

AXmWm ]pWym-flm-hn≥ khn-ti-j-X.

AXmWm alm-fl≥ X≥ bYm¿∞ -ÿn-Xn.

khn-ti-j-Kp-Wm-Xn-tc-I-Øm¬ a‰m-tc-°mfpw

kvt\ln-bv°-∏- -h-\m-bn-Sp-∂q....

kao-]-ÿ≥, Ipeo-\≥, DZm-c-a-Xn,

ssZh-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ X≥ D‰-kp-lr-Øv,

A\p-]-a-amb DXvIr-jvS-X, al-Xzw,

tXP- v, Bfl-ku-μcyw!

AXyp-ØakrjvSn apl-Ω-Zp-Xs∂

alm-∑m-cpsS ssNX-\y-t{km-X- v,

sXc-s™-Sp-°-s∏- -h-cn¬ hnin-jvS≥,

kIe \∑-I-fp-tSbpw kwK-a-ÿew

F°m-e-sØbpw A\p-{K-l-ßƒ

IpSn-bn-cn-°p∂ hnf-\new

A√m-lp-hn≥ KpW-KW kzcq]w

B alm-flm-hn-eqsS am{X-at√m Ic-KXw!

`‡-cp-sS, hnip-≤-cp-sS, DXvIr-jvS-hy-‡n-I-fpsS

A`n-am-\- m-P\w!

BZ-cn-bv°-s∏- -h-cn¬ A{K-K-Wy≥!

Ime-a√ k¿h-Kp-W-k-ºp-jvSn-bmWv

DXvIr-jvS-X-bv°m-[mcw F∂-Xt√m bmYm¿∞yw.

\sΩ krjvSn-®-Xns‚ Dt±iyw Xs∂ Bcm-[-

\bpw [m¿Ωn-I-aq-ey-ßƒ hf¿Øn-sb-Sp-°-ep-am-

sW∂v hnip≤ Jp¿-Bs\ Bkv]-Z-am°n hy‡-am-

°n-°-gn-™p-h-t√m. AXn-\m¬ \ΩpsS \ne-\n-

(tijw 34˛ ¬)

427

32

kXyZqX≥

Ckvemanse H∂mw Jeo- -bmb lZvdØv A_p

_°dn(-d)s\ Hc-apkvenw AXn-I-Tn\ amb coXn-bn¬

dkq¬ Xncp-ta\n (k) bpsS km∂n-≤y-Øn¬ iIm-

cn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. \_n(-k) kao-]-Øn-cn-°p-∂p≠m-

bn-cp-∂p. Cu iImcw tI´p-sIm≠v A_p-_-°¿ (d)

kl-\-tØmsS \n»-_vZ-\mbn Ccp-∂p. CXv \nco-£n

®p-sIm-≠n-cp∂ Xncp-ta-\n(-k) aμ-l-kn-®p. HSp-hn¬

B Aapkvenans‚ `¿’\w Atß-b-‰sa-Øn-b-

t∏mƒ A_q-_-°¿(-d) adp-]Sn ]d-bm≥ XpS-ßn.

At∏mƒ \_n Xncp-ta-\n(-k) Fgp-t∂‰v \S-∂p-t]m-

bn. ]n∂oSv A_q-_-°¿ (d) \_n Xncp-ta-\n(-k)-

tbmSv At\z-jn-®p. "A√-tbm, {]hm-N-I-tc, Cu

hy‡n Fs∂ NoØ ]d-™p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂-t∏mƒ

Xm¶ƒ AhnsS Xs∂ Ccn-°p-Ibpw aμ-l-kn-°p-

Ibpw sNbvXp. ]t£, Rm≥ adp-]Sn ]d-bm≥ XpS-

ßn-b-t∏mƒ Xm¶ƒ Fgp-t∂‰p \S-∂p-t]m-bn. CsX-

¥p-sIm-≠m-bn-cp∂p? "\_n Xncp-ta-\n(-k) adp-]Sn

]d™p'. Xm¶ƒ im¥-\m-bn-cp-∂-t∏mƒ, Xm¶ƒ°p-

th≠n ae-°p-Iƒ adp-]Sn ]d-bp-∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

Xm¶ƒ kwkm-cn-°m≥ XpS-ßn-b-t∏mƒ ae-°p-Iƒ

t]mbn. ]Icw ssiØm≥ {]Xy-£-s∏-´p. ]ns∂,

F\n-s°-ßs\ AhnsS Ccn-°m≥ km[n°pw?.

\_n(-k)-bpsS Pohn-X-Im-eØv Hcp PqX\pw

Hcd-_nbpw XΩn¬ Xm¥m-ß-fpsS {]hm-N-I-∑msc

kw_-‘n®v iWvT IqSn. Xs‚ Ah-Im-i-hmZw

ÿm]n-°m≥ apkvenw Ah-ew-_n® coXn B PqXs‚

aX-\n-μ-: dkq¬ Xn-cp-ta-\n(-k)-aX-\n-μ-: dkq¬ Xn-cp-ta-\n(-k)-aX-\n-μ-: dkq¬ Xn-cp-ta-\n(-k)-aX-\n-μ-: dkq¬ Xn-cp-ta-\n(-k)-aX-\n-μ-: dkq¬ Xn-cp-ta-\n(-k)-

bpsS {]Xn-I-cWw (Xp-S¿®)bpsS {]Xn-I-cWw (Xp-S¿®)bpsS {]Xn-I-cWw (Xp-S¿®)bpsS {]Xn-I-cWw (Xp-S¿®)bpsS {]Xn-I-cWw (Xp-S¿®)

Xs∂ ]oUn-∏n® P\-X-tbmSpw Atß-b‰w kvt\l-hm-bvt]m-sS-

bmWv dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n(-k) s]cp-am-dnbXv. Ahn-Sp∂v Ah-tcmSv

bmsXmcp {]Xn-Im-chpw sNbvXn-√.

Fw. \Zow AlvaZv kn≤oJv

hnIm-c-ßsf {hW-s∏-Sp-Øn. B PqX≥ CtX-°p-

dn®v \_n(-k) Xncp-ta-\n-tbmSv ]cmXn ]d-™-t∏mƒ

Xncp-ta\n (k) apkvenans\ C{]-Imcw imkn-®p.

"aqk-bpsS ta¬ Fs∂ Db¿Øn-°m- -cpXv' CXm-bn-

cp∂p Xs‚ A\p-bm-bn-I-fn¬ \n∂v \_n Xncp-ta\n

(k) Bh-iy-s∏´ acym-Z-bpsS D∂-X-\n-e-hm-cw. a°

Iog-S-°n-b-tijw (A-apkvenwIƒ kam-[m-\-]-c-ambn

ap…nw-Iƒ°v Iog-S-ßn-b-ti-jw) Xs∂bpw A\p-bm-

bn-I-sfbpw hm°p-Iƒ sIm≠pw imco-cn-I-ambpw

\njvI-cpWw ]oUn-∏n® apgp-h≥ P\-X°pw \_n

(-k) Xncp-ta\n s]mXp-am∏v \¬In. Xs‚ Cu Imcp-

WysØ bqkp v \_n(-k) Xs‚ ktlm-Z-c-∑m-tcmSv

ImWn® Imcp-Wyhpambn Xmc-X-ay-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw

]c-am¿in-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. a‰p hm°p-I-fn¬ ]d-

™m¬ a°-°mcpsS {Iqc-X-Iƒ°pw ]oU-\-

ßƒ°pw apºn¬ \_n-Xn-cp-ta-\n(-k)-bpsS BZy

sØ {]Xn-I-cWw s]mdp-Øp-sIm-Sp°epw arZp-e-X-

bp-am-bn-cp-∂p.

s]mXp-am∏p sImSp-°p∂ \b-Øn¬ \n∂pw hf

sc A]q¿Δ-am-sbm-c-]-hmZw CIvcna°v h[-in£

hn[n-®-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. Abmƒ apkvenwIƒ°v t\sc

Aan-X-amb A{Iaw ImWn-°p-Ibpw \nc-h[n t]sc

h[n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p. CXn-\p≈ {]Xn-Imcw

`b∂v CIvcna a°-bn¬ \n∂v HmSn-t∏m-bn-cp-∂p. F∂n-

cn-°nepw, CIvcna-bpsS mcy IcpW bmNn-®p-sIm≠v

\evInb At]£ {]Imcw Xncp-\-_n(-k) CIvcna

428

33

2010 \hw_¿

°pw am∏p \evIp-Ibpw s]mdp-Øp-sIm-Sp-°p-Ibpw

sNbvXp. CIvcna a°-bn-te°v aS-ßn-sb-Øn-b-t∏mƒ,

X\n°v bYm¿∞-Øn¬ am∏p \evIn-bn- pt≠m F∂v

\_n Xncp-ta-\n(-k)-tbmSp tNmZn-®p. AXn\v Ckvemw

a-X-Ønte ]cn-h¿Ø\w sNtø-≠-Xpt≠m F∂pw

tNmZn-®p. Xm≥ bYm¿∞-Øn¬ am∏p \evIn-bn-´p-

s≠∂v Xncp-\-_n(-k) Adn-bn®p aX-]-cn-h¿Ø-\-

Øns‚ Bh-iy-an√ F∂pw ]d-™p. B \nanjw

kz¥w C— -{]-Imcw CIvcna Ckvemw aX-am-t«-jn-

®p. AØ-c-Øn-ep≈ Hcp lrZ-b-hn-im-eX \_n(-k)

Xncp-ta\n A√m-lp-hns‚ kXy-{]-hm-N-I-\m-sW-∂-

Xn\v sXfn-hm-sW-∂-Xns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-em-bn-cp∂p

Cu a\x-]-cn-h¿Ø-\w.

ap≥ hnh-cn® {]Im-c-ap≈ DZm-l-c-W-ßƒ

sIm≠v \nd-™-Xm-bn-cp∂p \_n(-k) Xncp-ta-\n-

(k)bpsS Pohn-Xw. Cu DZm-l-c-W-ßƒ ImWn-°p-

∂Xv Zp¿`m-j-W-Øn\v Ckvemw am∏v \evIp-∂n-s√-

¶nepw mjW kzmX-{¥y-Øn\v \nb-{¥-W-ta¿s∏-Sp-

Øp-∂n√ F∂pamWv. Fs¥-∂m¬ ssZhw am{X-amWv

A¥n-a-amb IW-s°-Sp-°p-∂-h≥. Ckveman¬

kvt\lhpw klm-\p-`q-Xnbpw \nd-™n-cn-°p-∂p.

AXn¬ aX-kzm-X-{¥yhpw a\x-km-£n kzmX-{¥yhpw

\ne-\n¿Øp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.

Um\njv Im¿´q¨ hnhm-ZsØ kw_-‘n®v \ap-

°-dn-bmw. G{]n¬ 2003¬ {IntÃm-^¿ ko¬ F∂

B¿´nÃv "Pn√‚ v t]mÃ¨' F∂ h¿Ø-am-\-∏-{X-

Øn\v Im¿´q¨ ]c-ºc Ab-®p-sIm-Sp-Øp. AXn¬

tbip-{In-kvXp-hns‚ Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂ev]v {]Xy-£-

Øn¬ hfsc emL-h-tØmsS Nn{Xo-I-cn-®n-cp-∂p.

CXn\v hmb-\-°m¿ Hcp hnebpw Iev]n-°n-s√∂pw

Nne-t∏mƒ hmb-\-°m¿ AXns‚ t]cn¬ H®-∏m-Sp-

≠m-°m≥ km[y-X-bp-s≠∂pw ]d™v ]{Xm-[n-]¿

Ah \nc-kn-®p. c≠c h¿j-ßƒ°p-tijw AtX

]{Xm-[n-]¿ \_n Xncp-ta-\n(-k)sb °pdn-®p≈ Im¿´q-

Wp-Iƒ {]kn-≤o-I-cn-°m≥ A\p-aXn \¬In. Xßƒ

F¥mWv sNøp-∂-sX∂pw AXv ImcWw H®-∏m-Sp-

≠m-hp-sa∂pw Pn√≥dv t]mÃWn\v \√-t]mse Adn-

bm-am-bn-cp-∂p. sU≥am¿°n¬ Aß-s\-Øs∂ kw -

hn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Bhn-jvIm-c-kzm-X-{¥y-Øns‚

t]cn¬ Ah¿ [n°m-c-]q¿Δw hna¿i\w Ah-K-Wn-

®p. 500 aney≥ tUmf¿ \jvS-ap-≠m-°p-∂-hn[w hntZ-

isØ Um\njv £otcm-ev]∂ßfpsS hnev]-\ _ln-

jvI-cn-°-s∏- -t∏mƒ Bhn-jvIm-c-kzm-X{¥yw kmº-

Øn-I-{]-Xn-k-‘n°v hgn-am-dn-s°m-Sp-Øp. Aßs\

Pn√‚ v t]mÃ\pw Um\njv {][m-\-a-{¥nbpw £am-

]Ww \SØn.

IqSm-sX, \ap-°-dnbmw apkvenwIƒ temIsØ

√mbn-SØpw hfsc kwkvIm-c-]q¿Æhpw kam-[m-\-

]-c-hp-amb \ne-bn¬ {]Xn-tj[w tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn.

F∂m¬ Hcp \yq-\-]£w \S-Ønb A{I-a-ß-fn¬

am{X-amWv am[y-a-ßƒ {i≤ sNep-Øn-b-Xv. apkv

enw cmPy-ß-f-n¬ ]te-SØpw `bm-\-Ihpw A{I-am-

k-‡-hp-amb Iem-]-ß-fmWv Ac-tß-dn-b-sX∂v kΩ-

Xnt® Xocq. {it≤-b-amb Hcp Imcyw bqtdm-∏n-sem-

cn-SØpw bqtdm-]y≥ apkvenwßƒ CØcw A{I-am-

k-‡-amb Iem-]-ßƒ \S-Øn-bn√ F∂-Xm-Wv. am[y-

a-ß-fn¬ ImW-s∏´ Cc-´-Øm∏v {i≤n-°m-Xn-cn°

hø. tbip-hns\ (A) kw_-‘n® Im¿´q-Wp-Iƒ

{]kn-≤o-I-c-W-Øn\v h∂-t∏mƒ Ah-bpsS Bt]-

£n-I-aq-eyhpw Ah a‰p-≈-h¿°v D]-{Z-hI-c-am-hpw

F∂ Nn¥-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]{Xm-[n-]-cpsS Bi-¶-Iƒ

tbip-hns‚ {]iv\w h∂-t∏mƒ Bhn-jvIm-c-kzm-X-

{¥y-\n-b-{¥Ww \ymbo-I-cn-°-s∏- p. F∂m¬ \_n

Xncp-ta-\nsb(k)-°p-dn-®p≈ Im¿´q¨ hnhmZw h∂-

t∏mƒ Bhn-jvIm-c-kzm-X{¥yw Hcn-°epw \nb-{¥n-

°-s∏- n-√. Npcp-ßn-bXv £otcm-ev]-∂-ß-fpsS Ib-

‰p-a-Xnsb _m[n-°p-∂-Xp-h-sc-sb-¶nepw AXp \ne-

\n-∂p. Xo¿®-bmbpw blq-Z-h¿§-hn-cp-≤-amb G‰hpw

\n m-c-amb Hcp kqN-\-sb-¶nepw Im¿´p-Wp-I-fn-ep-

≠m-bn-cp-s∂-¶n-¬ AXv km¿Δ-seu-In-I-amb coXn-

bn¬ Xs∂ A]-e-]n-°-s∏-Sp-am-bn-cp-∂p.

Im¿´q-Wn-t\m-Sp≈ {]Xn-tj[ kqN-I-sa∂ \ne-

bn¬ \S∂ F√m A{I-a-tØbpw AlvaZnøm apkv

enw PamAØv i‡-ambn A]-e-]n-°p-∂p. Cu B{I-

aWw kzm`m-hn-Ihpw a\p-jy-Xz-]-chp-amb Hcp {]Xn-

I-c-W-am-sW∂v ]d™p \nc-h[n apkvenwIƒ CXn-

t\mSv A\p- mhw {]I-Sn-∏n-°p-I-bp-≠mbn. As√-¶n¬

temIw apgp-h≥ apkvenwIƒ A\p- -hn-°p∂ ]oU-

\-Øn-t‚bpw Ffn-a-Ø-c-Øn-t‚bpw Imc-W-am-sW

∂p ]d-™p. F∂n-cn-°n-epw, A{I-a-]-c-amb AØcw

{]Xn-tj-[-ßƒ°pw kzØp-\-in-∏n-°-en∂pw Hcp

\ymbo-I-c-W-hp-an-s√-∂mWv Rß-fpsS ho£-Ww.

Hcmƒ CØcw "kzm`m-hn-I' {]Xn-I-cWw Ah-ew-_n-

°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ AXn-s\-°p-dn®v CkvemanIw

F∂pw hnip≤ Jp¿-B\pw Xncp-N-cy-Iƒ°pw A\p-

kr-X-amb Ckveman-Im-Z¿iw F∂p ]d-b-cp-Xv.

429

34

kXyZqX≥

CØcw {]Xn-tj-[-ß-fnepw A{I-a-ß-fnepw

G¿s∏-Sp-∂-Xn\v ]Icw AlvaZnøm apkvenw Pam

AØv Ah-cpsS CkvemanI _m≤y-X- kw_-‘n®v

{i≤m-ep-°-fm-bn. Im¿´q¨ {]kn-≤o-I-cn-®-tijw

lZvdØv an¿km akvdq¿ AlvaZv Aø-Zlp ...)

sU≥am¿°v kμ¿in°p-Ibpw Hcp kzoI-c-W-tbm-

K-Øn¬ Um\njv ]{X-{]-Xn-\n-[n-I-tfbpw Um\njv

Kh¨sa‚ v DtZym-K-ÿ-tcbpw A`n-kw-t_m-[\

sNbvXp. Cu {]kwKw ]{X-ßƒ dnt∏m¿´v sNøp-

Ibpw AsXmcp s]mXp-tc-J-bm-bn-Øo-cp-Ibpw

sNbvXp. Im¿´q-Wp-Iƒ {]tIm-]-\-]-c-am-hp-∂-sX-¥p-

sIm-≠m-W∂v At±lw hnh-cn-®p. hfsc am\y-ambpw

B¿{Z-a-\-kvI-\mbpwsIm≠v AØcw {]h¿Ø-\-ß-

fpsS A[m¿an-IX At±lw hni-Zo-I-cn-®p. \∑ D]-

tZ-in-°p-Ibpw acym-Z-]q¿Æamb \n¿t±-i-ßƒ Ah-

cpsS ap∂n¬ ka¿∏n-°pIbpw sNbvXp. D®-Øn-

ep≈ s]mXp-{]-kvXm-h-\bpw Cd-°n-bn-√. Um\njv

Im¿´q¨ hnhm-Z-Øn¬ AlvaZnøm apkvenw Pam-

AØv {]Xn-I-cn-®Xv hnip≤ Jp¿-B-t‚bpw Xncp-kp-

∂Øp-I-fp-tSbpw A≤ym-]-\-ß-fpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-

em-bn-cp-∂p. XpS°w apX¬ AlvaZnøm apkvenw Pam-

A-Øns‚ \S-]-Sn-{Iaw CXm-bn-cp-∂p. Ckveman-s\-

Xn-cn-ep≈ B{I-a-W-ßƒ AlvaZn-Iƒ Hcn-°epw

Xs∂ _e-{]-tbmKw sIm≠v t\cn- n- n-√. AlvaZn-I-

fpsS ap{Zm-hmIyw "F√m-h-tcmSpw kvt\lw,

BtcmSpw shdp-∏n√' F∂-Xm-Wv. kwhm-Z-Øn\pw

Btcm-]-W-ßƒ Jfin-°m\pw Ah≥ kmln-

Xyhpw am[y-a-ßfpw bp‡n-kw-hm-Z-ßfpw D]-tbm-

K-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. hmKvZØ akolv (A) AlvaZnøm

Pam-A-Øns‚ ÿm]-I≥ ]d-™n-´p≈ CXv t]\

sIm≠p≈ Pnlm-Zns‚ Ime-am-sW-∂m-Wv. XqenI

hmfn-t\-°mƒ i‡-am-Wv.

hnh. sI hn. l ≥tImb, tImgn-t°mSv-

(31˛¬ \n∂v XpS¿®)

ev]ns‚ Dt±-iy-ip-≤nsb Ah-K-Wn-bv°p-∂Xv henb

hnUvVn-Ø-am-Wv. Imc-Ww, Aß-s\-bm-bm¬ \Ωƒ

Ccp-tem-I-ß-fnepw \jvS-s∏-´-h-cm-bn-t∏m-Ipw. as‰-

sX√mw t\Sn-sb-Sp-Ømepw Ah-tb-°m-sfms° D∂-

Xhpw {]Xn- -e-Zm-b-I-hp-am-bXv kZm-Nm-c-aq-ey-ßƒ

hf¿Øn-sb-Sp-°pI F∂-Xm-Wv. AXp \ap°v kwXr-

]vXnbpw kt¥m-jhpw Xcp-∂p. henb ÿm\-am-\-

ßƒt°m kº-Ønt\m H∂pw B am\-kn-Im-hÿ

\¬Im≥ Ign-bn√ F∂-XmWp hkvXp-X. (Xp-S-cpw)

Ah-ew_w : The Review of Religions December2008.

hnh¿Ø\w : tUm. lko\m akqZv ^kn¬.-

_p≤n-Po-hn-Iƒ°pw km[m-cW °m¿°pw a\- n-em-

hpw. Cu hN-\-Øn¬ a\p-jys‚ [m¿Ωn-Ihpw

A≤ym-fln-I-hp-amb F√m kºq¿ Æ KpW-ß-sf-]-

‰nbpw kw{K-ln-®n-cn-°p-∂p. Hcp AlvaZnsb kw_-

‘n-t®-S-tØmfw Ime-Øns‚ Jeo- -bpsS \n¿t±-i-

ßƒ kºq¿Æ-ambpw A\p-[m-h\w sNbvXm¬ AXv

Abmsf kwc-£n-°p-∂-Xm-Wv. Jnem- Øv F∂Xv

A\pKr-lo-X-amb Hcp ÿm]-\-amW,v A√m-lp-hn¬

\n∂p≈ kΩm-\w. \ΩpsS CkvemanI aqey-ßƒ

hf¿Øp-hm\pw ]men-°m\pw Ign-bp∂ Hcp ÿm]-

\-am-Wv. At±-l-Øns‚ Iev]-\-Iƒ \mw Ah-K-Wn-

°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ \ΩpsS [m¿Ωn-I-]-X-\-Øn\v

bmsXmcp \ymbo-I-c-W-hp-an-√.

B[p-\n-I-tem-I-Øns‚ Xn∑-I-sf-∏‰n \mw

t_m[-hm-∑m-cm-tI-≠-Xp-≠v. CØcw Xn∑-I-fn¬

\n∂pw ]cn-ip-≤-cmbn Pohn-°-emWv B[p-\nI

ImesØ PnlmZv. kzbw kwkvI-cn-®p-sIm≠v \mw

apt∂m v t]mI-Ww. \ΩpsS aX-Øns‚ kpμ-c-amb

A≤ym -] -\ -ßƒ \mw AXv Pohn -X -Øn¬

]I¿ØmsX A\y\v a\- n-em-s°m-Sp-°m≥ km[y-

a-√. Jp¿-B≥ ]d-bp∂p;

hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw A√m-lp-hns‚ kvacW aqew

a\- -am-[m\w {]m]n-°p-Ibpw sNbvX-h≥ Adn-

bp-I. A√m-lp-hns‚ kvacW sIm≠p am{Xta

a\- -am-[m\w ssIh-cn-°p-I-bp-≈q. (13:29)

Cu at\m-l-c-amb Jp¿-B≥ hN\w AKm-[-amb

Hcp kXyw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. A[nI a\p-jycpw

Cu temIsØ Xp—-amb ßƒ°v th≠n ]c°w

]mbp-∂-h-cm-Wv. Ahs‚ lrZbØn¬ Ft∏mgpw

B[nbmWv. ]t£ ssZhsØ At\z-jn-°p-∂-h¿

Ah-\n-te°v Xncn-bp-∂p. A[n-ambn Ahs‚ lrZbw

im¥- -cn-X-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂p. CXv ImWn-°p-∂Xv a\p-

jys‚ B¥-c-{]-IrXn ssZhn-Im-t\z-j-W-Øn\p

Bin °p-∂p. B e£yw {]m]n-°-s∏- p-I-gn-™m¬

a\p-jy\v ]q¿Æ-im¥n e`n®p XpSßpw.

(28˛¬ \n∂v XpS¿®)

430

35

2010 \hw_¿

]mInkvXm-\nse kmaq-lnI˛-

kmw-kvIm-cn -I-˛ -cm-jv{Sob {]

h¿Ø-I≥ ae-bm-fn-bmb _n.-Fw.

Ipń-bpsS hm°p-Iƒ IjvSw!!

h¿jw-tXmdpw C¥y-bn¬ sIm√-

s∏-Sp-∂-Xn-t\-°mƒ A[nIw apkv

enwIƒ ]mIn-kvXm-\n¬ sIm√-s∏-

Sp-∂p-≠v. B sIme-Iƒ \S-Øp-

∂Xv apkvenwIƒ Xs∂-bmWv

Ft∂m¿°-Ww. kp∂n- -inbm hg-

°p-I-fpsS Imcyw F√m-h¿°p-a-

dn-bmw. a‰v aX-kw-L-S-\-Iƒ XΩn

epw B kwL-S-\-Iƒ°-IØpw

t]mcm-´-ß-fp-≠v. hnhn[ cmjv{So-

b-I-£n-Iƒ XΩn-ep≈ sXcphv

bp≤-ßƒ thsd. AhnsS Iem]w

\S-°p-∂Xv apkvenwIƒ XΩn¬

XΩn¬ Xs∂-bm-Wv.'' (am-Xr-`qan

BgvN-∏-Xn∏v 2008 G{]n¬ 13)

dkq¬(k)-bpsS ssJdp¬

DΩ-Øn\v h∂p- -hn-°p-sa∂v Xncp-

ta\n Xs∂ {]kvXm-hn® F√m

AS-bm-f-ßfpw C∂v A£-cw-{]Xn

]pe¿∂p-I-gn-™-Xmbn F√m-hn-

`mKw apkvenwI-£n-Ifpw Htc-

t]mse kΩ-Xn-®p-I-gn-™-Xmbn

ta¬Im-Wn® Ah-cpsS D≤-c-Wn-

Iƒ Xs∂ km£n-bm-W-t√m.

De-am-°-∑m-cpsS Ahÿ:

AWn-Isf \∑-bn-te°v \bn-

t°≠ Hmtcm I£n-bn-tebpw De-

apkvenwI£n t\Xm-°-fpsS ]c-kv]c i{XpX apkvenw

kap-Zm-bsØ e÷m-I-c-amb Hcp ]X-\-Øn-se-Øn-®n-cn-°p∂p

Pem-ep-±o≥ Ievt]\n

am-°-fpsS Ahÿ F¥m-sW∂v

C\n t\m°mw. Cu De-am-°ƒ°v

kap-Zm-bsØ apt∂m´v \bn-°m

\pw ssJdp¬ DΩØv F∂ hnti-

j-W-Øn-\¿l-cm-Ipw-hn[w \∑-

bpsS \nd-Ip-S-am-°m\pw A¬]-sa-

¶nepw km[n-®n-´pt≠m? D≠m-bn-

cp-s∂-¶n¬ Cu kap-Zm-b-sØ-∏‰n

apI-fn¬ ImWn-®-hn[w hne-]n-

t°≠n hcn-I-bn-√mbncp-∂p-h-t√m.

C∂sØ De-am-°sf∏‰n dkq¬

Xncp -ta\n ]d-™-sX-¥mWv?

""....-A-h-cpsS ]fin-X-∑m¿ BIm-

i-Øn\v Iogn¬ G‰hpw Zpjn-®-

h-cm-bn-cn-°pw. Ah-cn¬ \n∂mWv

Ipg∏w D¬`-hn-°p-I. Ah-cn¬

Xs∂ AXv sNs∂-Øp-Ibpw

sNøpw....'' (l-Zo-kv)

(D-≤-cWn: Alvep p-∂-Øn-

h¬ PamA: sI. Ip™o-Xp-a-Z-\n,

sI.-F≥.-Fw. {]kn-≤o-I-c-Ww)

Cu lZokv ]pe¿∂pthm Cs√

F∂v \ap°v ]cn-tim-[n-°mw.

""]≈n-bn¬ kwL¿jw; Cam-

ans\ \dp-s°-Sp-∏n-eqsS Xocp-am-

\n®p'' F∂ Xe-s°- n¬ "am[yaw'

]{X-Øns‚ dnt∏m¿´v Im Wp-I.

""s]cn-¥¬aÆ: Ccp-hn- mKw apPm-

lnZv {]h¿Ø-I¿ C∂se s]cn-

¥¬aÆ ke^n Ppam akvPn-Zn¬

G‰p-ap- n. Bcv Jp-Xp_ \S-Ø-W-

sa∂Xn-s\-s®m-√n-bp≈ X¿°-

amWv G‰p-ap-´-en¬ Iem-in-®-Xv.

t]meokv CS-s] v \dp-s°-Sp-∏n-eq-

sS-bmWv Cam-ans\ Xocp-am-\n-®-Xv.

C∂se D®-tbmsS Xß-fpsS

]£-°m¿ Camw BI-W-sa∂

imTy-Øn¬.....'' (am-[y-aw)

hmb-\-°m-cpsS _p≤nbpw

Nn¥bpw B¿°pw ]W-b-s∏-Sp-

Øn-bn-s√-¶n¬ Nn¥n-°p-I. t]m

eokv CS-s]´v \dp-s°-Sp-∏n-eqsS

Cam-ans\ sXc-s™-Sp-°-emtWm

Ckvemans‚ I¬]-\. Camw Fß-

s\-bp≈ Bfm-bn-cn-°Ww; Bcm-

bn-cn-°Ww Fs∂ms° hy‡-

ambn Xncp-ta-\n(-k) ]d-™n´pw

AXv Iq´m-°msX ASn-]nSn \SØn

apkvenwIƒ Dƒs∏-sS-bp≈ t]m

eo-kns‚ km∂n-[y-Øn¬ Xocp-

am\w ssIs°m-t≈≠ KXn-tI-Sn-

te-°m-Wt√m Cu "ssJdp¬

DΩØv' FØn-\n¬°p-∂-Xv. Ch-

cpsS {]hr-Øn-bpsS ew A≥I-

_q-Øns‚ hoSv t]mse Zp¿_-e-

ambXmsW-∂-Xn¬ B¿°mWv

kwi-bw. AtX-]-{X-Ønse as‰m

cp hm¿Ø-bpsS Xe-s°´v Cß-

s\. ""at©-cn-bnepw ASn-]nSn; Pn√m-

I-Ωn‰n Hmôkv ]qń.'' hm¿Ø

CXm-bn-cp-∂p. ""at©cn: s]cn-

¥¬a-Æ-bnse kwL¿j-Øns‚

XpS¿®-bmbn at©-cn-bn¬ Ccp-hn-

`mKw apPm-lnZv {]h¿Ø-I¿ G‰p-

apkvenw I-£n- t\-Xm-°-fpsS t]mcv

a\p-jy≥ ˛ tX\o-®°pw F´p-Im-en-°p-an-S-bn¬ ˛ 2

431

36

kXyZqX≥

ap-ń-b-Xn¬ F´v t]¿°v ]cpt°-

‰p. at©cn Ckvemln Imºkv

]cn-k-cØv sh®mWv ASn-]n-Sn-bp-

≠m-b-Xv. XpS¿∂v t]meokv Xm¬

°m-en-I-ambn Ckvemln Imºkv

AS-®n-ń-cn-°-bm-Wv. Ak¿ \a-

kvImcw Ign™v Imºkv ]≈n-

bn¬ \n∂v ]pd-Øn-d-ßp∂ ka-b-

ØmWv Ccp-Iq-ćpw XΩn¬ ASn-

bp-≠m-b-Xv.'' (am-[y-aw)

kzbw \∂m-hm≥ Ign-bm-Ø-

h¿°v Fßs\ a‰p≈-hsc

\∂m°m≥ Ign-bpw. as‰mcp

apkvenw ]{X-amb "N{μnI'bn¬

""ae-_m-dnse cmjv {Sob {]kwKw

hnhm-Z-ambn'' F∂ Xe-s°-ń¬

h∂ hm¿Ø ImWp-I. ""]d-hq¿:

]d -hq¿ SuWnse id -^p¬

Ckvemw akvPn-Zn¬ C∂se \S∂

Ppam JpØp_m hnizm-kn-I-fn¬

Aº-c-∏p-f-hm-°n. tkmfn-Um-cn‰n

(P-am-AsØ Ckveman-bpsS bph-

P-\-kw-L-S-\) t\Xmhpw a∂w

Ckvemanbm tImtf-Pnse Poh-\-

°m-c-\p-amb "Ipń Caman's‚ hgn-

hn´ ]cm-a¿i-ßƒ cmj-v{So-b-°m-

cpsS Ih-e-{]-kwKw t]mse-bmbn

Cam-ans‚ JpXp_m {]kwKw

]m¿ń-bpsS kwÿm\ A[y-£≥

]mW-°mSv apl-Ω-Zen inlm_v

Xß-sf-t∏mepw Bt£-]n-°p-∂Xv

hsc \o≠ {]kw-Kw.'' (N-{μn-I)

tX\o® (\lv¬) bpsS A®-

S-°hpw A\p-k-c-Whpw sF

Iyhpw I≠p-]n-Sn-°m≥ D]tZin-

®n´pw AXn-s\-∏‰n Nn¥n-°m≥ De-

am-°-∑m¿°v ka-b-an-t√.

""apPm-ln-Zp-Iƒ°n-S-bnse n

∂n∏v BZ¿i-]cw Xs∂: tIcfm

PwC-ø-Øp¬ Dea'' F∂ Xe-s°-

ń¬ "N{μnI'bn¬ h∂ hm¿Ø.

""tImgn-t°mSv: apPm-lnZv {]ÿm-

\-Øn¬ Cubn-sS-bp-≠mb n∂n-

∏ns‚ ASn-ÿm\ ImcWw BZ¿

iw Xs∂-bm-sW∂pw hnL-Sn-®p-

t]m-b-h-cpsS adn-®p≈ {]Nm-cWw

hkvXp-X°v \nc-°m-Ø-Xm-sW

∂pw apPm-lnZv ]finX kwL-S-

\-bmb sI.-sP.-bp. \n¿hm-l-I-k-

an-Xn-tbmKw hy‡-am-°n. tIcf

apkvenw \thm-∞m-\-Øn\v \mb-

IXzw hln® al-Ømb {]ÿm-

\-Øn¬ BZ¿i-cw-KØpw kwL-

S-\m-cw-KØpw t_m[-]q¿Δw {]

iv\-ßƒ krjvSn® hnL-Sn-X¿

{]iv\-]-cn-lm-c-cw-KØv \nc-¥cw

XS- -ßƒ krjvSn-°pI am{X-

amWv sNbvXn- p-≈-sX∂pw tbmKw

A`n-{]m-b-s∏- p......'' (N-{μn-I)

AtX ]{X-Øn¬ ""apPm-lnZv

`n∂n∏v BZ¿i-]-c-sa-∂mWv sXfn-

bn-°-W-sa∂v'' F∂ Xe-s°- n¬

h∂ hm¿Ø

""apPm-lnZv {]ÿm-\-Øn-ep-

≠mb n∂n∏v Bi-b-]cw Xs∂-

sb∂v Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿ AXv

sXfn-bn-°m≥ Xpd∂ kwhm-Z-

Øn\v Xøm-dmtWm F∂v tIcfm

PwC-ø-Øp¬ Deam kwÿm\

{]kn-U≠v kn.-]n. DΩ¿ kp√-

anbpw P\-d¬ sk{I-´dn Fw.

A_vZpƒ laoZv aZ-\nbpw {]kvXm-

h-bn¬ tNmZn-®p... F∂m¬ Nne

hy‡n-I-fn-ep-≠mb Po¿Æ-X-I-

sfbpw kzm¿∞-Xm¬]-cy-ß-sf

bpw AXv kwL-S-\-bn-te°v hym

]n-°p-∂Xv I≠-t∏mƒ FXn¿ Øn-

´p≠v F∂ hkvXpX Rßƒ

\ntj-[n-°p-∂n-√. C√mØ BZ¿

i-hy-Xn-bm-\-am-tcm-]n®v ÿm\-am-

\-ßƒ t\Sm\pw A[n-Im-c-ÿm-

\-ßƒ Iø-S-°m-\p-amWv adp-hn-

`mKw {ian-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.''

(N-{μn-I)

""Ckvemans‚ ASn-ÿm\

kn≤m-¥-amb em Ceml C√-√m-

lp-hn¬, AYhm Xulo-Zn¬X-s∂-

bmWv tIcfm apkvenwIƒ n∂n-

®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.'' (P-am-AsØ Ckv

eman ]cn-h¿Ø-\-Øn-eqsS apl-

Ω-Zen kp√an t]. 105) ""hlm-_n-

Ifpw apkvenwIfpw XΩn¬ imJm-

]-c-amb Imc-W-ßfm¬ thdn´v

\n¬°p-∂-h-cm-sW∂v Hcp hn`m

Kw Bfp-Iƒ [cn®n-´p-≠v. AXv

icn-b-√. XnI®pw ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-

amb Imc-W-ß-fm-emWv hlm-_n-

I¬ Ckvemans‚ apJy-[m-c-bn¬

\n∂v ]pd-Øp-t]m-b-Xv.'' (h-lm_n

˛ h©-\-bpsS ImWm-∏p-d-ßƒ'

l\o v ss^kn s\√n-°m- n-cn)

]ń-°mSv Pamøn: \qcnø:

ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬ dlvaØp≈

Jmknan aptØSw F∂ C.-sI.

kp∂n ]fin-X≥ F.-]n. DkvXm-

Zn-s\-Xnsc {]kw-Kn-®Xv Cßs\:

""F.-]n. hn`m-K-sa-∂Xv Dfp-∏n-

√mØ Juam-Wv. (A-t∏mƒ kZ-

n¬ \n∂pw XIv_o¿ apg-ßn)

\nßƒ XIv_o¿ sNm√m≥ th≠n

]d-bp-I-bm-sW∂v hnNm-cn-°-s´.

Dfp-∏p-s≠-¶n¬ Ah≥ ]en-i-s°-

Xnsc Imº-bn≥ \S-Øp-am-bn-

cpt∂m? ae-bm-f-Øn¬ Dfp∏v

Fs∂mcp hm°p-≠v. AX-bmƒ

°nt√?.... Abmƒ ]d-™Xv c≠v

tImSn Rm≥ ]en-i-Iƒ sImSp-

Øp. _m°n ]en-i-°p≈ ]Ww

Fs‚ Iøn-ep-≠v. \nßƒ adt∂m?

Abmfpw Abmsf t]dn-tbm\pw

\mdpw. c≠v ip≤n-bp-≈-h¿°mWv

XkvIn-bØv sNøm≥ A¿l-X.

ssewKnI ip≤n-bpw, kmº-Øn-I-

ip-≤n-bpw. c≠pw Cbmƒ°n-√.

(ho≠pw XIv_o¿) Cbmƒ Fßn-

s\-bmWv XkvIn-bØv \S-Øp-I.

Fs∂-s°m≠v ]d-bn-∏n-°-≠...

Cbmƒ \mb-tb-°mƒ tami-am-

(tijw 41- ¬)

432

37

2010 \hw_¿

AXv`pX-ßƒ \nd™ BImiwBIm-i-Øn¬ \ap°v Zriy-hpw AZr-iy-hpamb

At\Iw hkvXp-°fp≠v

Fw. ap_m-d°v AlvaZv, Icp-\m-K-∏≈n

N{μn-Ibpw a‰p shfn-®-ß-fpw

C√mØ cm{Xn-I-fn¬ BIm-iØp

hS°p Ing-°p-`m-KØp Hcp sh

fpØ taL-]mfn t]mse CXns\

\· t\{Xw sIm≠p ImWm≥

Ign-bpw. Bt{Um-ao-Usb Im

Wm≥ Bt{Um-ao-U-\-£-{X-cm-in-

bn¬ AXm-bXv \ΩpsS BIm-i-

Kw-K-bn¬ \£-{X-ßƒ sIm≠v

]WnXv Xpd-∂n-´n-cn-°p∂ Hcp

hmXm-b\w D≠v. AXn-\p-≈n-eqsS

t\m°n-bm¬ Bt{Um-ao-Usb

ImWm≥ Ig-n-bpw. tIc-f-Øn¬

D≈-h¿°p \h-º¿ Unk-º¿

amk-ß-fn¬ BIm-i-Øns‚ hS-

°p-In-g°p aqe-bv°mbv CXv Z¿in-

°mw. IrXy-ambn ]d-™m¬

k‘ybv°v Xe-bv°p-ap-I-fn-embn

hcp∂ s]Km-kkv (Square of Pe-gasus ˛ Zm{Z-]-Yw) F∂ \£-{X-

cminsb XpS¿∂p hS-°p-In-g°p

`mK-Øm-bp≈ Bt{Um-ao-U-cm-in-

bnse (B-t{Um-ao-Usb ImWp-∂-

P-\¬ ChnsS Bb-Xn-\m-emWv

BIm-i-Kw-K-bn-ep≈ Cu \£-{X-

cm-inbv°v Cu t]cp h∂-Xv)

A¬amIv F∂ bp‹-Xm-c-Øn\pw

tim`-tb-dnb andm-°n\pw CS-bn-

eqsS t\m°p-tºmƒ G‰hpw Xnf-

°-am¿∂ B¬^m Bt{Um-aosU

AYhm A¬s^-dm‰vkv s]Km-

kkv KW-Øns‚ hS°p Ingt°

aqe°p≈ _o‰m B≥t{Um-aotU

\£-{X-Øns‚ hS-°p-In-g-°p-amdn

Hcp-]m¬ ]mS t]mse Bt{Um-

aoU Kme-Ivknsb \·-t\{Xw

sIm≠p ImWmw. Zqc-Z¿in-\n-

bpsS klm-b-Øm¬ k¿∏nf Ic-

ß-sfbpw a‰p \£-{X-ß-sfbpw

IqSp-X¬ at\m-l-c-ambn ImWm≥

Ign-bpw.

1924¬ l_nƒ, hm°¿ Zqc-

Z¿in\n D]-tbm-Kn®p Bt{Um-ao-

U-bnse Nc-\-£-{X-ß-fpsS Nn{X-

ßƒ FSp-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. 1940epw

1955-ep-ambn hmƒ´¿ _mtZ Cu

Kme-Ivknsb kw_-‘n®v \£-{X-

ßsf th¿Xn-cn®v IqSp-X¬ hnh-

c-ßƒ \evIp-I-bp-≠m-bn. Chn-

sSbpw h≥tXm-Xn¬ AZr-iy-

]nfiw (Dark marks) Hfn-™p-In-

S-°p-∂-Xmbpw hy‡-am-bn.

BIm-i-Kw-Kbpw At{Um-ao-

Ubpw tem°¬{Kq∏v Kme-Ivkn-I-

fn¬s] -Xm-sW∂v ap≥]v kqNn-∏n-

®n-cp-∂p-h-s√m. CXn¬ 35 Kme-

Ivkn-I-fm-Wp-≈-Xv. kvIƒ]¿,

sk‚m-dkv F∂nh tem°¬{Kq∏v

Kme-Ivkn-I-fm-Wv. Cu {Kq∏n¬

s∏´ hnZq-c-Øp-\n¬°p∂ {]Im-

i-Xo-{hX Ipd™p Ip≈≥Km-e-

Ivkn-I-sf°p-dn®v C\nbpw hnh-c-

ßƒ Int -≠-Xm-bn- m-Wn-cn-°p-∂-

Xv. Cu hn`m-K-Øns‚ BsI {]Im-

i-Øns‚ 90 iX-am-\hpw BIm-

i-Kw-K, Bt{Um-aoU Kme-Ivkn-I-

fn¬ \n∂p-am-Wv.

BIm-iØv h≥a-Xn-ep-Ifpw

apdn-Ifpw

Hcp {Kq∏n¬ 50Hm AXn-e-[n-

Itam Kme-Ivkn-I-fp-s≠-¶n¬

AXns\ KmeIvkn ¢Ã¿ F∂p

hnfn-°p-∂p. 1958¬ tPm¿÷v

Bt_¬ 1682 KmeIvkn ¢Ã-dp-

Isf Dƒs∏-SpØn Hcp Im‰-temKv

Xøm-dm-°n (Abell Catalogue).\ΩpsS G‰hpw ASp-Øp ÿnXn-

sN -øp∂ hn¿tKm -¢ -Ã-dn¬

hepXpw sNdp-Xp-amb 2500 Kme-

Ivkn-I-fp-≠v. CXn¬\n∂pw 90 Fw.-

]n.-kn. Zqc-Øp≈ as‰mcp henb

KmeIvkn ¢Ã-dmWv tIma-¢-Ã¿,

KmeIvkn ¢Ã-dp-Iƒ tN¿∂v

kq∏¿ ¢Ã-dp-Iƒ D≠m-hp-∂p.

""hn¿tKm kq∏¿ ¢Ã¿, ssl{U-

kq-∏¿ ¢Ã¿, tIma kq∏¿ ¢Ã¿

XpSßn FÆ-a‰ kq∏¿¢-Ã-dp-I-

fp-≠v \ΩpsS Cu Hscm‰ {]]-©-

Øn¬ Xs∂. CsX√mw {]]-©-

Øn¬ hen-®p-hmcn Fdn-™n-cn-°p-

I-b-√. tImSm-\p-tImSn \£-{X-ß-

433

38

kXyZqX≥

sfbpw a‰p Zriy-h-kvXp-°-sfbpw

t]dn \nev°p∂ KmeIvkn ¢Ã-

dp-Iƒ sIm≠v {]]-©-Øn¬ h≥

a-Xn-ep-Ifpw Ah-bv°p-≈n¬ hn

im-e-amb apdn-I-fpw, AXn-hn-im-e-

amb AXm-bXp a\p-jy-`m-h-\-

bn¬ HXp-ßm-Ø{X hnkvXm-c-ta-

dnb apdn-Iƒ Xncn-®n-´n-cn-°p∂p

F∂p tI´m¬ BcmWv A¤p-X-

s∏-Sm-Ø-Xv. Cu apdn-I-fpsS Dƒ

hiw ]q¿Æ-ambpw iq\y-a-√. Npa-

cp-I-fmb KmeIvkn ¢Ã-dp-Iƒ

Ign-™-m¬ 90 iX-am-\-Øn¬

A[nI ÿehpw AZr-iy-hkvXp-

°-fn¬s∏´ Ccp≠ ]Zm¿∞w

BWv. CXn-∂p-≈n¬ {kjvSmhv

F¥mWv Hfn-∏n®p h®n-cn-°p-∂Xv

F∂v Hcp krjvSnbv°pw Adn-bn√.

F√m hkvXp-°-sfbpw Nne

\n›n-X-hy-h-ÿ-I-f-\p-k-cn-®mWv

\mw krjvSn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv (54:50)

{]]-©-Ønse Zriym-Zr-iy-h-kvXp-

°sf shdpsX hen-®p -hmcn

Fdn™n-cn-°p-I-b√ F∂p apI-

fn¬ hmbn-®p-h-s√m.

(A-h≥) AZr-iy-Im-cy-ßƒ

Adn-bp-∂-h-\m-Wv. Ahs‚ tKm

]y-amb Adnhv B¿°pw shfn-

s∏-Sp-Øn-sIm-Sp-°p-∂-X-√. (72:27)

a\p-jy\v Aev]-⁄m\w

am{Xsa \evIn-bn-´p≈q F∂v

17:85epw {]kvXm-hn-®n- p-≈-Xm-Wv.

\ΩpsS `uXnI {]]-©-Øn¬

Xs∂ A⁄m-Xhpw AZr-iyhp-

amb hnim-e-ta-J-eIfps≠-∂n-

cns°- AZr-iy-amb ]c-tem-I-sØ-

°p-dn®v \ntj-[n-°m≥ F¥mWv

\ymbw. AZr-iy-amb kz¿§-Øn¬

\nßƒ°mbv GsX√mw hkvXp-°-

fmWv Hcq°n Hfn-∏n-®p-h-®n-cn-°p-

∂Xv F∂ Jp¿-B-\nI A≤ym-]-

\-Øns‚ {]k‡n F{X I≠p

h¿≤n-°p-∂p-s≠-s∂m. CXp-

t]mse Hfn-™p-\n¬°p∂ as‰m

cp AZr-iy-bm-Ym¿∞-amWv \c-I-

hpw.

".................. Ahs‚ Adn-

hn¬s]´ Hcp Imcyhpw Ah≥

Dt±-in-®-X-√msX a\p-jy≥ Adn-

bpI C√.' Ahs‚ knwlm-

k\w (B-[n-]Xyw Adn-hv) {]]-

©-ß-fnepw `qan-bnepw hym]n-

®p-\n-ev°p-∂p. Ah-bpsS kwc-

£Ww Ahs\ £oWn-∏n-°p-

∂n-√....' (2:256)

""Hcp hkvXp -hn -s‚bpw

`fimcw \ΩpsS ]°¬ C√m-

Xn-√. ]s£ kp\n-›n-X-amb Nne

Af-hp-I-f-\p-k-cnt® \mw Ah

sb (a-\p-jy¿°pw a‰pw) hn´p-

sIm-Sp-°p-I-bp-≈q. (15:22)

Xo¿®-bmbpw k¿Δ-tem-I-

kr-jvSmhpw k¿ΔXpw Adn-bp-

∂-h\pw \ns‚ c£n-Xmhpw

Xs∂-bm-Wv. (5:87)

"{]]-©-`q-an-I-sfbpw Ah-

bv°n-S-bn-ep≈ hkvXp-°-sfbpw

\ymb-amb Bh-iym¿∞w Xs∂-

bmWv \mw krjvSn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv

(15:86)

"................... Ah≥ k¿Δ-{]-

]-©-ß-fp-sSbpw \mY-\m-Wv.'

(41:10)

c≠p Ip≈∑m¿

Bt{Um-ao-U-sb-°mƒ BIm-

i-Kw-K-tbmSv G‰hpw ASp-Øp-In-

S-°p∂ c≠p Ip≈≥ Kme-Ivkn-

I-fp-≠v. ap≥]v ]d™ hnJymX

Ad_n (t]¿jy≥) tPymXn-im-

kv{X-⁄≥ A¬kq- n) \q‰m-≠p-

Iƒ°p ap≥]v At±-l-Øns‚

InØm-_v-A¬ kph¿ A¬ Ihm-

In_v (Book of the fixed stars) ¬]ip / Imf F∂¿∞-Øn¬

"A¬_-J¿' F∂ t]cp \evIn-bn-

cn-°p∂ h≥sa-K--√m-\nIv taLhpw

sNdp-sa-L-√m-\nIv taLhpw

(Small Megallanic Cloud - SMC)BWnh. F∂m¬ 1519¬ s^¿Un-

\‚ v saK-√≥ Xs‚ k©m-c-Øn-

\n-S-bn¬ CXns\ I≠-Xmbn Adn-

bn-®-Xn-s\-Xp-S¿∂p At±-l-Øns‚

t]cp CXn\p \evIn.

170000 {]Im-i-h¿jw AIse

\nev°p∂ LMC BWv BIm-i-

KwKtbmSv G‰hpw ASpØp

\n¬°p-∂-Xv. CXns‚ hymkw

30000 {]Im-i-h¿j-Øn-\-Sp-Øp-h-

cpw. Z£n-Wm¿≤-tKm-f-Øn¬ IqSp-

X¬ Zriy-am-hp∂ sUmdm-sUm,

sa≥k F∂o cmin-Iƒ°n-S-bn-

eqsS CXns\ t\cn-´p-Im-Wmw.

Ct∏mƒ CXv BIm-i-Kw-K-bpsS

D]-{Kl KmeIvkn t]mse ]cn-{I-

aWw sNøp-∂p-≠v. mhn-bn¬ CXv

BIm-i-Kw-K-bn¬ h∂p tNcm\pw

aXn. Ct∏mƒ Xs∂ c≠n\pw

CSbv°v \£-{Xm-¥-c-]-Zm¿∞-

ßƒ sIm≠p≈ Hcp ]mTw D≠m-

bn-I-gn-™n-cn-°p-∂p. A\-h[n

\£-{X-ßƒ°p P∑w \¬Ip-

hm≥ Ign-bp∂ Sd‚p-e- s\-_pe

Dƒs∏sS 400-e-[nIw {Knlo-b- s\-

_p-e-Ifpw CXn-ep-≠v. Ct∏m-gpw

[mcmfw \h-Xm-c-ßƒ P\n®p

sIm≠n-cn-°p-∂p. BIm-i-Kw-K-

bn¬ ImWmØ Xcw Adp-]-

tXmfw \oe t•m_p-e¿ ¢Ã-dp-

Iƒ 700 Hmfw Cu Kme-Ivkn-bn¬

Is≠-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. G‰hpw Ah-

km-\-am-bp-≠mb kq∏¿t\mh

kvt^mS\w 1987 F. Cu Kme-Ivkn-

bn-em-bn-cp-∂p.

sNdpsa-K-√m-\nIv taLw(SMC)

]Xn-\-øm-bncw {]Im-i-h¿jw

hnkvXr-Xn-bp-≈Xpw, Adp-]-Xn-\m-

bncw {]Im-i-h¿jw ]ndm-bn-

434

39

2010 \hw_¿

te°p hym]n-®p-In-S-°p-∂Xpw

\Ω-fn¬ \n∂pw 1,90,000 {]Im-i-

h¿jw AIse ÿnXn sNøp-∂-

Xp-amb Cu Kme-Ivkn-bv°v, BIm-

i-Kw-K-bpsS samØw ]nfi-

Øns‚ c≠p-i-X-am\w am{X-sa-bp-

≈q. S°m\ cmin-bn-eqsS CXns\

ImWmw. BIm-i-Kw-Ksb Np‰n-

s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ Cu Kme-Ivkn-

bnepw h≥tXm-Xn¬ \£-{X-cq-]o-

I-cWw \S-°p-∂p-≠v.

Xhn-´p-Ip-≈-∑m¿ (SMC)Hcp BIm-i-tKmfw \£-{X-

ambn amd-W-sa-¶n¬ kqcys‚

0.084 aSßp ]nfi-sa-¶nepw D≠m-

bn-cn-°Ww. CXn¬ Ipd-hp≈

\£-{X-ßƒ \£-{X-]-cn-Wm-a-

Øn¬ ]q¿Æ \£-{X-am-Ip-∂-

Xn¬ ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Ibpw Xosc

aßnb tim`tbmSpIqSn {Kl-hp-

a√ \£-{X-hp-a√ F∂ Ah-ÿ-

bn¬ \ne-sIm-≈p-∂p. CXns\

Xhn- p-Ip-≈-∑m¿ F∂v ]d-bp-∂p.

2500 Un{Kn sk¬jy-knepw Xmsg

Dujvam-hp≈ CXn\v hymg-Øns‚

80 Cc´n hen∏w D≠m-hpw. CXv

A[n-Ihpw \·-t\-{X-ßƒ°v

AZr-iyhpw Bbn-cn-°pw. Hmtcm

Kme-Ivkn-I-fnepw \£-{X-ßƒ°p

Xpey FÆw Xhn´p Ip≈-∑mcpw

Ds≠-∂mWv imkv{X-⁄-∑m-cpsS

IW-°p-Iq- ¬.

CXp-hsc Is≠-Øn-b-Xn¬

sh®v G‰hpw henb \£{Xw

V.Y. Im\nkv satPm-dnkv (V.Ys.Canis Majoris) BWv. 4900 {]Im-

i-h¿jw AIse \nev°p∂

CXn\v kqcys‚ 2100 Cc´n hen-∏-

ap -≠v. G‰hpw {]mb-ta -dnb

\£{Xw H.E. 152, 3 ˛ 0901 BWv.

1320 tImSn h¿j-amWv CXns‚

{]mbw.

Cu Hcp {]]-©-Ønse

_ney¨ IW-°mb Kme-Ivkn-I-

fn¬ tIhew c≠p Kme-Ivkn-I-

sfbpw Ah-bpsS c≠v D]-Km-e-

Ivkn-I-sfbpw hfsc Npcp°n

am{Xsa ChnsS {]Xn-]m-Zn-®n- p-≈q.

Our galaxy is only one of somehundred thousand million / galax-ies that can be seen using moderntelescope and each galaxy itselfcontaining some hundred thousandmillion stars. F∂mWv Ata-cn-

°≥ Akvt{SmW-a-dmb FUzn≥

lªns‚ kn≤m -¥-sØ-∏‰n

Ão^≥ lm°nßvkv {]kvXm-hn-

®n- p-≈-Xv. (C-t∏mƒ CXn-s\-°mƒ

F{Xtbm aSßp \£-{X-ßsf

Hmtcm Kme-Ivkn-bnepw Is≠Øn

Ign-™n-cn-°p-∂p).

"\£-{X-\n-_n-U-amb BIm-

isØ sIm≠v kXyw (Jp¿-B≥)

Cc´ \£-{X-ßƒ

BIm-iØp ImWp∂ as‰m

cp AXn-i-b-amWv \mw t\m°p-

tºmƒ H‰ \£-{X-ambn ImWp∂

]eXpw Cc´ \£-{X-ß-fm-sW

∂p≈ hkvXp-X. Nne-t∏mƒ H‰

\£-{X-am-bn-´mWv Zriy-am-hp-I.

CXns\ Cc´ \£-{X-ß -(Bindries)sf∂v ]d-bpw. CXp ]e-t∏m-gpw

`qan-bn¬ \n∂pw hyXykvX Zqc-

ß-fn-em-sW-¶nepw H∂n\v ASp

Ømbn as‰m∂p ImWp-tºmƒ

c≠pw IqSn Hcp \£-{X-am-bnt´

\ap°p ImWs]-Sp -I-bp-≈q.

Chsb Visual binaries F∂p ]d-

bpw. k]vX¿jn afi-e-Ønse

Acp-‘Xn (Mizar) hkn-jvT≥

(Alcor) F∂nh Zriy Cc- -I-fm-Wv.

Iq´p \£-{X-ß-fn¬ H∂ns‚

Im¥n-hm-\hpw mchpw as‰-Xns\

At]-£n®p hfsc IqSp-X-ep-≈-

Xn\v DZm-l-c-W-amWv \mw BIm-

iØp ImWp∂ G‰hpw Xnf-°-

am¿∂Xpw ImgvN-bn¬ G‰hpw

hep-Xp-amb kndn-bkv Abpw kndn-

bkv Bbpw.

BIm-i-°ÆmSn

{]]-©-Ønse hnZq-c-h-kvXp-

°-f-D-sS-bpw, Kme-Ivkn-I-fp-sSbpw

{]Xn-_nw-_-ßƒ ImWn-°p∂

{]Xn-`mkw Kpcp-Xz- e≥knßv

(gravitational lensing) F∂v Adn-

b-s∏-Sp-∂p.

Zqsc -bp≈ Izmkm -dn¬

\nt∂m, Kme-Ivkn-bn¬ \nt∂m

hcp∂ {]Imiw ASp-Øp≈ Kme-

Ivkn-I-fp-sStbm Xtam-K¿Ø-ß-fp-

sStbm km∂n≤yw aqew sF≥-

ssÃ≥ kmam\y Bt]-£n-IXm

kn≤m-¥-a-\p-k-cn®v h{I-Xbv°p

hnt[-b-am-hp-Ibpw {]Im-i-]m-

Xbv°v hyXn-N-e\w kw`-hn-®v,

hnZq-c-h-kvXp-hns‚ t\cn-´p≈

{]Xn-_nw-_hpw CXn\p ]pdsa

se≥kn-ßn-eq-sS-bp≈ {]Xn-_nw-

_hpw D≠m-hm-dp-≠v. se≥kmbn

{]h¿Øn-°p∂ hkvXp KmeIvkn

¢Ã¿ BsW-¶n¬ A\-h[n {]Xn-

_nw-_-ß-fpw D≠m-hm-dp-≠v. 1937¬

{^n‰v kzn°n-bmWv Cu {]Xn- mkw

BZy-ambn Ah-X-cn-∏n-®-Xv. XpS¿

∂v sU\nkv hm≥jv, tdshbva≥,

tdm_¿´p Im¬skz¬ F∂n-h¿

\S-Ønb Iq´mb ]T-\-^-e-ambn

Hcp Cc´ Izmkm-dn-s\bpw AXn

s‚ (0957+561) {]Xn-_nw-_hpw

1979¬ Is≠-Øp-I-bp-≠m-bn.

saIvkn-t°m-bnse Cosmic LensAllsky Survey (CLASS) F∂

ÿm]\w C{]-Im-c-ap≈ 22 se≥

knßv kwhn-[m-\-ßƒ 2009 hsc

Is≠-Øn-bn- p-≠v. (Xp-S-cpw)

435

40

kXyZqX≥

apkm-^n¿

k±mw lpssks‚ oI-c- -c-W-

Øn¬ \n∂pw Cdm-Jn-Isf tamNn-

∏n-°m-\m-sW∂v ]d-™m-Wv Ata-

cn° CdmJv A[n-\n-thiw \S-Øp-

Ibpw k±mw lpssks\ Xq°n-

s°m-√p-Ibpw sNbvX-Xv. B Ata-

cn° Cdm-Jn¬ sNbvXXv a\p-jy-

a-\- ns\ InSnew sIm≈n-°p-∂

arKob ]oU\-ßfpw \c-l-Xy-bp-

am-Wv. A]-k¿]-I-co -Xn -bn¬

At\z-j-Wm-fl-I-ambn hkvXp-X-

Iƒ ]pd-Øp-sIm-≠p-h-cp∂ am[y-

a-ÿm-]-\-amb "hn°neoIvkv'

sh_vssk-‰mWv HIvtSm-_¿ 23

i\n-bmgvN sRń-∏n-°p∂ Cu

hnh-c-ßƒ ]pdØv hn -Xv. CXn-\p-

apºv bp.-F-kv. tk\ A^vKm-\n-

ÿm-\n¬ \S-Ønb \c-th- -I-sf-

]-‰nbpw CtX sh_vssk‰v hnh-c-

ßƒ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cp-∂p.

2004 apX¬ 2009 hsc-bp≈

Ime-b-f-hn¬ ]´mf sN°v t]m

bn‚p-I-fn¬ bmsXmcp {]tIm-]-\-

hp-an-√msX ]n©p _men-I-am-c-

S°w kv{XoI-fpƒs∏-sS-bp-≈-

hsc \n¿±bw shSn-sh®v sIme-

s∏-Sp-ØpI arKo-b-amb ]o-U\w

\S-Øp-I, Pbn-en¬ sh®v a¿±n-

°pI apX-emb {Iqc-X-Iƒ ]e

Ata-cn-°≥ ]´m-f-°m-cp-tSbpw

hnt\m-Z-am-bn-cp-∂p-h-s{X. CØ-c-

Øn-ep≈ \qdp-I-W-°n\v hnh-c-

ßfmWv tcJ-I-fn-ep-≈-Xv. bp.-F-

kv. Ncn-{X-Ønse G‰hpw henb

Ata-cn° Cdm-Jn¬ sNbvXXv

ssk\n-I-c-l-ky-t®m¿®-bmbn

CXv hnh-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. Bdp-h¿j-

°m-e-b-f-hn¬ Cdm-Jn¬ 1,09,032

t]¿ B{I-a-W-ß-fn¬ sIm√-s∏-

´-Xm-bmWv tcJ-I-fn¬ \n∂pw

hy‡-am-Ip-∂-Xv. CXn¬ 66,081

t]¿ km[m-cW knhn-en-b-∑m-cm-

Wv.

hn°n-eoIvkv tNm¿Ønb

tcJ-Iƒ BgvN-Iƒ°v aptº Zn

\yqtbm¿°v ssSwkv, e≠-\nse

Zn Km¿Un-b≥, {^m≥knse

tamsW, P¿a\nbnse sU≥

kv]oK¬ F∂o ]{X-ßƒ°pw

A¬ Pkod sSen-hnj≥ Nme-

\nepw \¬In-bn-cp-∂p. ico-c-

Øn¬ sImSnb ]oU-\-ta‰ ]mSp-

I-tfmsS 95 XS-hp-Imsc Hcp CSp-

ßnb XS-h-d-bn¬ IÆp-sI- n-bn-cp-

Øn- \S-Ønb- \Sp-°p∂ ]oU-\-

ßƒ Hcp tcJ-bn¬ hnh-cn-°p-∂p-

≠v. Iq´-a¿±\w, hoSp-Iƒt°

t\sc hnam-\-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw

B{I-aWw, Dulm-Xo-Xhpw a\p-

jy-a-\- n\v Dƒs°m-≈m≥ Ign-

bm-Ø-Xp-amb amc-I-amb t`Zy-

ßƒ apX-bm-b- FÆn-bm-sem-Sp-

ßmØ bm-\-I-{Iq-c-X-I-fmWv bp.-

F-kv. ssk\yw Cdm-Jn¬ sNbvX-

sX∂v hn°o eoIvkv ]d-bp-∂p.

Kz≠-\m-tam-bnepw A_q-Kp-ssd-_n-

sebpw Incm-X-amb tNmZyw sN

ø¬ apd-I-fpsS t]cn¬ CXv hsc

Ata-cn° {]Xn-°q-ń-em-bn-ń-√.

temIØv a\p-jym-h-Im-i-[zw-k-\-

ap-≠m-bm¬ kS-Ip-S-s™-gp-t∂‰v

AhntS°v IpXn-°p∂ Ata-cn°

]d-bp-∂Xpw sNøp-∂Xpw XΩn-

ep≈ A¥cw oI-c-am-Wv.

k±m-an-s\-Xnsc ]S-\-bn®

Ata-cn° Hcp bp≤-\n-b-ahpw

]men-®n-√. Cu Incm-X-Ir-Xy-ßƒ

bp≤Ip‰-Ir-Xy-ß-fn¬s∏Sp-∂-Xm-

Wv. A¥m-cmjv{S {Inan -\¬

tImSXn (ICC) Ata-cn-°-bpsS Cu

Ip‰-Ir-Xy-ßƒ hnNmcW sNtø-

≠-Xp-≠v. 2006¬ A¥m-cmjv{S

{Ina-\¬ tImS-Xn-bpsS apºn¬

CdmJv A[n-\n-thiw \nb-am-\p-

krX-amtWm F∂ ]cmXn hf-sc-

b-[nIw t]¿ D∂-bn-®n-cp-∂p. Cu

]cmXn ]cn-tim-[n-°m≥ A¥m-

cmjv{S {Inan-\¬ tImS-Xn°v A[n-

Im-c-an-√. AXv t]mse bp≤-Ip-‰-

Ir-Xy-ßsf kw_-‘n® ]cm-

Xnbpw D∂-bn-°-s∏- n-cp-∂p. A∂v

aXn-bmb sXfn-hn√ F∂v ]d™

tImSXn AsX√mw X≈p-I-bm-Wp-

≠m-b-Xv. Ct∏mƒ ho°o-eoIvkv

]pdØv hn´ bp.-F-kv. ssk\nI

tcJ-Iƒ bp.-F-kv. AXn-{I-a-

ßƒ°v aXn-bmb sXfnhv \¬Ip-

∂p. A¥m-cmjv{Sm {Inan-\¬

tImSXn Ata-cn-°≥ ssk\ysØ

hnNm-c-W°v hnt[-b-am-°ptam

F∂mWv temI-Øn\v Adn-tb-

≠Xv.

A[n-Im-c-Øn-t‚bpw i‡n-

bp-tSbpw kº-Øn-t‚bpw _e-

Øn¬ Zp¿_-e-tcbpw \n -lm-b-

436

41

2010 \hw_¿

tcbpw ASn-®-a¿Øn temIw Iog-

S-°m≥ Cdßn ]pd-s∏-´-h-sc√mw

k\m-X-\-amb ssZhn-I-\n-b-\n-b-Xn-

bpsS {]l-c-ta‰v atÆmSv tN¿∂p-

t]mb Ncn{Xw Ata-cn-°bpw

]m›mXy \mK-cn-I-Xbpw Xncn-®-dn-

tb-≠-Xp-≠v. kpJ-k-ar-≤n-bn¬

Bdm-Sn-\n∂v {Iqc-Xbpw a¿±-\hpw

sIm≠v Ccp≠ A≤ym-b-ßƒ Ncn-

{X-Øn¬ FgpXn-t®¿Ø-h¿ Ah-

km\w F√mw \jvS-s∏´v aÆ-Sn-

™p-t]mbhcm-Wv. Cu Ncn{Xw

hnh-cn-®p-sIm≠v Jp¿-B≥ ]d-

bp∂p:

"F∂n´ v At±lw

{]m¿∞n®p: ""Xo¿®-bmbpw C°q-

´¿ Ip‰-hm-fn-Ifmb P\-X-bm-Ip-

∂p... \n›-b-ambpw Ah¿ ap°n-

s°m-√-s∏-Sp-∂ Hcp ssk\y-am-

Wv. F{X-sb{X DZym-\-ßfpw

Acp-hn-I-fp-amWv Ah¿ Dt]-£n-

®p-t]m-b-Xv. F{X-sb{X Irjn-

ÿ-e-ßfpw F{X-sb{X at\m-l-

c-amb hmk-ÿ-e-ßfpw F{X-

sb{X kpJ-ku-I-cy-ßfpw Ah-

c-Xn¬ B\-μn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-

bm-bn-cp-∂p. AX-ßs\ Xs∂-

bmWv. AsX√mw as‰mcp P\-

X°v \mw A\-¥-cm-h-Im-i-ambn

\¬In. At∏mƒ BIm-ihpw

`qanbpw Ah¿°p-th≠n Ic-

™n-√. Ah¿ Ah[n \¬I-s∏-

´-h-cm-b-Xp-an-√. (44:30)

sW∂mav dmkn X^vko-dn¬ ]d-

™-Xv.'' (sk≥knwKv ˛ am¿®v

2008. t]. 150

apI-fnse D≤-c-Wn-I-fnse

hni-Zo-I-c-W-Øn-s\m∂pw Cu

teJ-I≥ apXn-cp-∂n-√. hmb-\-°m¿

kXym-t\z-jn-Ifpw A√m-lp-hn-

t\mSv b-ap-≈-h-cp-am-sW-¶n¬ hn.-

Jp¿B\neqsS A√mlp ]d-™-

X-\p-k-cn®v Ah¿ Nn¥n-°-s´. Cu

DΩ-Øns‚ A[x-]-X-\-sØ-∏‰n

dkq¬(-k) \S-Ønb {]h-N-\-

ßƒ, ]n∂oSv C∂sØ apkvenw

DΩ-Ønepw ]fin-X-∑m-cnepw

I≠p-h-cp∂ aqey-tim-j-W-Øn

s‚ coXn Xmc-X-ay-]-T\w \S-Øp-

I. ssJdp¬ DΩ-Øns‚ ]mX-bn¬

Xs∂-bmtWm Cu DΩØv Ncn-

(36- ¬ \n∂v XpS¿®) ®vsIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂Xv? Ch-cpsS

Benw-Iƒ ^nXv\ krjvSn-°p-

Ibpw AXv Ah-cn-te°v Xs∂

Xncn-®p-t]m-Ip-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xv

F{X kXy-ambn ]pe¿∂p. Ch¿

dkq¬ Xncp-ta-\n(-k)-bpsS Xncph-

cpƒ {]Imcw BIm-iØn\v Xmsg

G‰hpw \nIr-jvS-P-¥p-hmbn A[x-

]-Xn-®n- nt√? Nn¥n-°p-I.

JmZn-bm≥ : tZiob aPvenkv

A≥km-dp-√mlv Jp±m-ap¬ Alva

Znøm ktΩ-f-\-ßfn¬ G‰hpw

\√ A≥km¿ Jp±mw aPvenkp-

Isf Xnc-s™-Sp-Ø-Xn¬ tIc-f-

Ønse aPven-kp-Iƒ ap∂n´p

\n∂p. G‰hpw \∂mbn {]h¿

Øn® aPvenkv A≥km-dp-√m-bpsS

\Kc/{Kma aPven-kp-I-fn¬ Jeo-

^-Øp¬ akolv Xnc-s™-SpØ

10- hoXw aPvenkpIfn¬ \K-c-hn-

`m-K-Øn¬ tIc-f-Øn¬ \n∂p≈

aPven-kp-I-fpsS t]cpw {_m°-

‰n¬ ÿm\hpw bYm - {Iaw:

amtØm´w (4) Fd-Wm-Ipfw (5)

tImgn-t°mSv (6) sIm®n (7) Icp-

\m-K-∏≈n (9) FS∏mƒ (10) {Kma-

hn-`m-K-Øn¬ tNe-°c (3), Icp-

fmbn (5), sFcm-]pcw (7) at©-

izcw (8) am{X (9) BZn-\mSv (10)

F∂nh¿°pw taJ-em-hn- m-K-Øn¬

Fd-Wm-Ipfw (2) Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw

(3) tImgn-t°mSv (5) ÿm\hpw Ic-

ÿ-am-°nbXmbn A≥km-dp√

tIcf kwÿm\ \mknw ]n.-]n.

\mkndp±o≥ kmln_v Adn-bn-®p.

Jp±m-ap¬ AlvaZnøm

AJn-te¥ym Xe-Øn¬ aPv

enkv Jp±m-ap¬ AlvaZnømbpsS

G‰hpw \√ c≠m-asØ tkm

W¬ Jmbn-Zmbn kn. sjanw

kmln_v (tIm-gn-t°m-Sv) t\m¿Øv

CemJm JmbnZv, tIcfw Xnc-s™-

Sp-°-s∏-´p. G‰hpw \√ aPven-kn-

\p≈ c≠mw ÿm\w amtØm- w,

Ggmw ÿm\w Icp-fm-bn, ]Ømw

ÿm\w tImgn-t°mSpw Ic-ÿ-am-

°n -b-Xmbn tIcf t\m¿Øv

CemJm JmbnZ v kn. janw

kmln_v Adn-bn-®p.

tIcf aPven-kp-Iƒ°v AwKo-Imcw

kn. sjanw(t\m¿Øv CemJm Jmbn-Zv, tIc-f)

437

42

kXyZqX≥

sslZ-cm-_mZv : HIvtSm-_¿ 19.

{][m-\-a{¥n tUm. a≥tam-l≥

knwKv ]mIn-kvXm≥ t\m_¬

kΩm-\- tP-Xmhv s{]m^. A_vZp-

-em-ans\ BZ-cm-⁄en-I-f¿∏n-

°p-Ibpw Xm≥ A_vZp- -em-ap-

ambn H∂n®p {]h¿Øn® Imw{_n

UvPv Zn\-ßƒ A\p-kva-cn-°p-

Ibpw sNbvXp. "Z A°m-Zan Hm v

kbn≥kv t^m¿ Uh-e-∏nßv

thƒUv's‚ 21- mw P\-d¬ ao‰nßv

DZvLm-S\w sNøp-I-bm-bn-cp∂p

At±-lw. tX¿Uv thƒUv A°m-

Zan Hm v kbn≥kv F∂ t]cn¬

Bcw-`n® Cu A¥¿t±-iob

ÿm]-\-Øns‚ ÿm]-I-\mWv

s{]m^. A_vZp- -emw. A_vZp-

emw AXyp-÷z-e-\mb `mh-\m-

k-º-∂m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v {][m-\-

a{¥n A\p-kva-cn-®p.

a\p-jy-\m-K-cn-I-X-bpsS ap

t∂m-´p≈ KXn-bn¬ aq∂mw tem-

I-cm-Py-Ønse imkv{X-⁄-∑m-¿

sFIy-tØmsS {]h¿Øn-t°-≠-

{][m-\-a{¥n a≥tam-l≥knwKvs{]m. A_vZp- -em-ans\ A\p-kva-cn-°p∂p

ê-sa-Sp-°m≥ Ign-bp∂ kl-I-

c-W-Øn-t‚bpw ]¶m-fn-Xz-Øn-

t‚bpw ]mX At±-l-amWv ImWn-

®p-X-∂-Xv. 1943 hn≥kv-‰¨ N¿®n¬

lm¿Uvhm¿Uv bq\n-th-gvkn-‰n-bn¬

sh®v ]d™p: "`mhn-bnse km

{amPyw a\- p-I-fpsS km{am-Py-

amWv'. N¿®n-ens‚ Cu {]h-N\w

A_v-Zp- -em-an-t\-°mƒ \∂mbn

{Kln-®-h-cn-√m-bn-cp-∂p. Cu Xe-ap-

d-bnse G‰-hpw Akm-[m-c-W-amb

Hcp imkv{X-{]-Xn-`-bm-bn-cp∂p

At±-lw. {][m-\-a{¥n ]d-™p.

hn⁄m\ km{amPyw sIń-]-Sp-

°m≥ kem-ans\t∏mse \nc-h[n

kv{Xo]p-cp-j-∑msc \ap-°m-h-iy-

ap-s≠∂v {][m-\-a{¥n ]d-™p.

(Yahoo India News 'ManmohanSingh pays tributes to Pakistani Sci-entist Abdul Salam')

* 1979¬ nkn-Ivkn¬ t\mt_¬

kΩm\w t\Snb A_vZp- emw temI-

{]-i-kvX-\mb imkv{X⁄\pw ka¿∏n-

X-\mb AlvaZn-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p.

Xns\ kw_-‘n®v s{]m^. A_v

Zp- -em-an\v hy‡-amb ImgvN-

∏mSpw Ah-cpsS Ign -hn¬

AKm[ hnizm-k-hp-ap-≠m-bn-cp-

∂p. CXmWv 1983¬ tX¿Uv

thƒUv A°m-Zan Hm^v

kbn≥kv ÿm]n-°m≥ A_vZp-

-em-an\v {]tNm-Z-\-am-b-sX∂v

{][m-\-a{¥n a≥tam-l≥knßv

]d-™p.

1950 apX¬ A_vZp- -em-

ans\ ASp-Ø-dn-bm-\p≈ `mKyw

F\n°v e`n-®p. Imw{_n-UvPn¬

sk‚ v tPm¨kv tImtf-Pn¬

Rm≥ A∂v _ncp-Z-hn-Zym¿∞n-bm-

bn-cp-∂p. s{]m^. kemw sk‚ v

tPm¨kv tImtf-Pnse s^tem

bpw Bbn-cp-∂p. ]n∂oSv Xm≥km-

\n-b≥ {]kn-U-≠m-bn-cp -∂p.

s{]m^. Pqen-bkv \tcc Xe-h-

\m -bp≈ kuØv IΩo-j≥

dnt∏m¿ńs‚ {]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ

°mbn Rßƒ H∂n®v {]h¿Øn-

°p-I-bp-≠mbn F∂v a≥tam-l≥

knßv A\p-kva-cn-®p.

Cu Bh-iym¿∞w \nc-

h[n XhW Rm≥ A_vZp-

-em-ans\ kμ¿in-®n-´p-≠v.

At±-l-Øns‚ AKm-[-amb

hnthIw AXn-hn -]p-e-amb

⁄m\hpw hmkvX-h-Øn¬

Akm-[m-cWambn-cp-∂p. Cu

alm-\mb t\Xm-hn\v Rm≥

Fs‚ hn\o-X-amb BZ-cm-⁄-

en-I-f¿∏n-°p-∂p. \aps°√mw s{]m^. A_vZp- emw

438

november new - al islam · published at baithul quddus, g.h. road, kozhikode, edited by a. m....

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