nsf iii events and experiences 100422
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© Ramesh Jain NSF III Workshop April 23, 2010
Ramesh Jain
Department of Computer Science University of California, Irvine
Events and Experiences
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Data Data Everywhere but Not a relevant byte of
Information/Knowledge/Wisdom
to help.
Too many silos with too much data = CONFUSION
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Inventing the Future by
Learning from the Past
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What is most Important in inventing the future?
Imagination is more important than knowledge. For knowledge is limited to all we now know and understand, while imagination embraces the entire world, and all there ever will be to know and understand. Albert Einstein
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The only source of knowledge is experience.
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Mechanics: Statics and Dynamics
Statics is the branch of mechanics concerned with the analysis of loads (force, torque/moment) on physical systems in static equilibrium, that is, in a state where the relative positions of subsystems do not vary over time, or where components and structures are at a constant velocity. The study of moving bodies is known as dynamics, and in fact the entire field of statics is a special case of dynamics. From Wikipedia
Issac Newton 1643- 1727 1687
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Newton’s Laws Law 1: Every object in a state of uniform
motion tends to remain in that state of motion unless an external force is applied to it.
Law 2: The relationship between an object's mass m, its acceleration a, and the applied force F is F = ma.
Law 3: For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.
http://teachertech.rice.edu/Participants/louviere/Newton/
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The role of these laws
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Newton: Mechanics Einstein: Theory of relativity. Babbage: Digital Computer. Tesla: AC Gutenberg: Moveable print Edison: Electric Bulb . . .
What is the most important invention in the last 1000
years?
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Life is a set of experiences.
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Experiences Life =
Events
+
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The Story of Human Civilization is the Story of Experiential
Communication among Humans.
Sharing Experiences Recording Experiences
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Share experiences : Languages
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Across Time : Writing
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Making it portable : Paper
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Democratization : Gutenberg’s Movable Press
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Telegraph: Instantaneous Remote
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Telephone: Remote Speech
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Photography: Recording Visual Experience
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Audio Recording: Electrical Signals enter recording space
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Radio: Live Broadcast
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Television: Live Broadcast combines two Media
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Digital Processing
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Internet: The Game Changer
Medium is the message. – McLuhan was right THEN. Medium is just that – Medium. NOW
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Communicating Experiences: Spatial and Temporal
Inventions Application Impact
Languages Communicate symbolic experiences
Written Languages Record Symbolic experiences (time)
Paper Portability (space)
Print Mass distribution (time and space)
Telegraph Remote narrow communication (space)
Telephone Remote analog communication (space)
Radio Analog broadcasting of sound (space)
Television Combining two senses – media (space)
Recording media Photos, audio, video (time)
Digital processing Machine enhancement and processing
Internet Interactive Multimedia communication
Most influential Invention in history
Future of Communication
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Why is Gutenberg’s Moveable Print so influential?
Brought knowledge to masses: creation, dissemination, and access .
Resulted in increased awareness of scientific approaches.
Reduced misinformation and influence of religions.
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History: Gopher to Google
We had Internet. Lots of computers were connected to each other. Computers had files on them. We had GOPHER and other FTP mechanisms.
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Tim Berners-Lee thought:
Suppose all the information stored on computers everywhere were linked.
Suppose I could program my computer to create a space in which anything could be linked to anything.
Others – including Bush -- had that idea earlier but the technology was not ready.
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That gave us WWW, Google, …
Search Maps Instantaneous access to immense amount of
knowledge in documents
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Continuing On
Flickr YouTube Facebook Twitter
The 4 most popular companies that emerged in the last 4 years.
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And the 4 most popular Internet concepts in the last 4 years.
Social Networks Micro-blogging (Ambient Awareness) Tags Real Time Search
Surprisingly, they did not come from Academia or GYM.
Why???
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Interesting!!!
Social Networks Microblogging Tags Real Time Search
Flickr YouTube Facebook Twitter
What does this tell us?
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Messages are clear
New media: Text based media is not enough. Medium is NOT the message: medium is just
the medium. Experiences: People want to experience and
share experiences – with minimal latency. Socialize: Family and friends remain a strong
influence in all facets of life. Family and friends are closer to each other today
than ever!!!
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Bits and Bytes
Alphanumeric Characters
Lists, Arrays, Documents, Images …
Transforma)ons
Crossing the Structure Chasm: Semantic Gap
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Computer Science: Modeling the World
Data Objects Events
Both Objects and Events are essential to model the real world. Remember mechanics?
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Events
Take place in the real world. Captured using different sensory
mechanism. Each sensor captures only a limited aspect of the
event. Are used to understand a Situation.
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Event Representation
EXPERIENTIAL
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Events: Different types and Granularities
Conferences Days
Sessions Talks
Purpose of the talk Clicking for the next slide-event
Wedding An Earthquake The Big Bang 9/11 Formation of Google Attending WWW Me
My Birth, Being here, and Dying in 100 years.
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Tim
e
1- dimensional Space Events Events Everywhere, …
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Butterfly effect:
Does the flap of a butterfly’s wings in Brazil set off a hurricane in Florida?
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Continuing the Evolution of the Web
Consider a Web in which each node Is an event Has informational as well as experiential data Is connected to other nodes using
Referential links Structural links Relational links Causal links
Explicit links can be created by anybody This EventWeb is connected to other Webs.
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Tim
e
1- dimensional Space EventWeb
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Stages in EventWeb Cyberspace: Every event is ‘created’ in
cyberspace and exists there. Calendars, Status updates, Twitter,
Physical and Cyberspace: Events in real space are also linked. Sentient EventWeb linked with the Web. Foursquare, Geomapping, my camera, …
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Sensors are the Bridge
Our 5 Senses are connectors to the world. We use our sensors (vision, audio, …) to
experience the world. Sensors are placed for ‘detecting events’.
Would you put a sensor if nothing interesting ever happens at a place?
Sensors are the bridge connecting the Cyberspace and the Real World.
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Creating a Sentient EventWeb Imagine Sensors Tweeting – in addition to
human sensors. All video cameras Your refrigerator Each Phone Many more …
Infrastructure to create and link all such events. Filter – in Real Time Detect Situations Create proper Situation Indexes Create alerts for relevant recipients.
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Social Pixels
Traditional Pixels Photons aggregating at locations
Social Pixels User interest at geo-locations
Create social Image, social Video… Image Processing operators Situation
Detection operators
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Spatio-temporal aggregation using social pixels
Intuitive visualization Dashboards
Effective representation for spatio-temporal data Acts as common format for representing any geo-spatial
data e.g. weather, demographics, laws, interest levels … Applicability of media processing inspired tools
e.g. Convolution Image processing inspired, but semantics are geo-
spatial
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Architecture
Situation Detection Engine
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Micro-blogs: Twitter
Each Tweet: Used to be: What are you doing Now it is: What’s happening
Really an event reported by human sensors Can associate experiential data along with
information. Time and location associated with each
Tweet I consider Twitter as a phenomena – have no investment in the company. Also, this concept can be further extended to more interesting cases.
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iPhone
Expression of interest in iPhone release.
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Operators
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Aggregation of operators
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Swine flu social image and operation on it (segmentation)
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Situation awareness: Swine Flu
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Recommendation System: Swine Flu
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Network/ Transmis
sion
Environment Model
Environment Server
Situation Detection and
Control
Actuator / Presentation
Model
MMDB
Sensors
Actuators / Presentation
Devices
Physical Environment
EventBase
From Micro-events to Environments and Situations
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Env. 1
Env. 4
JSM 2
JSM 1
Env. 5 Env. 3
Env. 2 Connecting Environments
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Extending Environments
TCS mKrishi: If experts can not go to a farm; lets bring the farm to experts.
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Sensors in the field
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© Ramesh Jain Irvine TLG October 30, 2009 60
Query No. 276 In text: I think because of salt in water, the leaves are getting damages. I am sending pictures of leaves. Please advise.
Expert’s Advise
Meaning: Please use compost in the soil in large quantity for next two years
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Expert Console
Voice query
Picture
Info specific to crop
From public website
Ready references for expert
Sensor data – if applicable
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Building an ‘AVIARY’
Humans Tweeting Sensors Tweeting Environments detecting Situations and
reporting Aggregating and analyzing Indexing Accessing the Web
For every day use.
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Goal: Person-context-sensitive just-in-time Information
Data from various sensors, including human sensors, to understand situations. Sensor Networks (including Billions of cameras) Social Networks
Building (evolving) personal profile from social graph and status updates for filtering immense amount of data.
Crowd-source knowledge to improve social and environmental conditions
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Thanks for your time and attention.
For questions: [email protected]