Nuclear Engineering 2013-2014 Research Projects Faculty

 Hany S. Abdel-Khalik, Associate Professor (919/ 749-9717); PhD, Nuclear Engineering, NC State

University (2004); computational methods and algorithms used in complex models simulation, reactor design and analysis calculations. [abdelkhalik@ncsu.edu]

Dmitriy Y. Anistratov, Associate Professor (919/ 513-4353); PhD, Mathematical and Physical

Sciences, Institute for Mathematical Modeling, Russian Academy of Sciences (1993); computational physics and numerical analysis of methods for solving particle transport and radiative transfer problems. [anistratov@ncsu.edu]

Yousry Azmy, Professor and Head (919/ 515-3385); PhD, Nuclear Engineering, University of Illinois,

Urbana-Champaign ( 1985); development, implementation, and analysis of advanced methods and solution techniques for radiation transport problems. [yyazmy@ncsu.edu]

Igor Bolotnov, Assistant Professor & joint faculty appointment with Oak Ridge National Laboratory

(518/ 542-8939); PhD, Engineering Physics, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (2008); development of new generation of multiphase boiling flow models based on experimental and direct numerical simulation data. [igor_bolotnov@ncsu.edu]

Mohamed Bourham, Professor (919/ 515-7662); PhD, Electrical Engineering-Plasma Physics, Ain

Shams University, Egypt (1976); plasma-matter interactions, ablation/erosion behavior of solid surfaces in contact with plasmas under high heat loading, and plasma-propellant mixing process; [bourham@ncsu.edu]

Nam Dinh, Professor & joint faculty appointment with Oak Ridge National Laboratory (919/ 515-

5421); DSc, Nuclear Engineering, Moscow Power Engineering Institute (1994); modeling and analysis of multi-phase thermal-fluid phenomena of importance to nuclear reactor design and safety; [ntdinh@ncsu.edu]

Joseph Doster, Professor (919/ 515-3658); PhD, Nuclear Engineering, North Carolina State

University (1982); nuclear reactor and reactor-related heat transfer and fluid flow problems; [doster@ncsu.edu]

Jacob Eapen, Assistant Professor (919/ 515-5952); DSc, Nuclear Engineering, Massachusetts Institute

of Technology (2006); science-based modeling and simulation of nuclear materials behavior for various applications; [jacob.eapen@ncsu.edu]

Robin Gardner, Professor & Director CEAR (919/ 515-3378); PhD, Fuel Technology, Pennsylvania

State University (1961); industrial and medical radiation and radioisotope measurement applications; [gardner@ncsu.edu]

John Gilligan, Professor & Executive Associate Dean (919/ 515-3939); PhD, Nuclear Engineering,

University of Michigan (1977); nuclear fission and fusion systems, high power density plasmas, Plasma-material interactions, and engineering educational methods; [gilligan@ncsu.edu]

Ayman Hawari, Professor & Director Nuclear Reactor Program, (919/ 515-4598); PhD, Nuclear

Engineering, University of Michigan (1995); experimental and computational simulations studies for interaction of radiation with matter; [ayman.hawari@ncsu.edu]

John Mattingly, Associate Professor & joint faculty appointment with Oak Ridge National Laboratory (919/ 515-0224); PhD, Nuclear Engineering, University of Tennessee (1998); basic research in radiation measurement and analysis methods applied to nuclear security applications; [john_mattingly@ncsu.edu]

Korukonda Murty, Professor (919/ 515-3657); PhD, Materials Science, Cornell University (1967);

deformation, creep, fatigue and fracture behaviors of nuclear core and pressure boundary materials; [murty@ncsu.edu]

Steven Shannon, Associate Professor (919/ 515-3292); PhD, Nuclear Engineering, University of

Michigan (1999); industrial applications of plasma discharges to enhance current plasma applications and develop new plasma applications; [scshannon@ncsu.edu]

Paul Turinsky, Professor & Chief Scientist CASL (919/ 513-2275); PhD, Nuclear Engineering,

University of Michigan (1970); computational reactor physics and uncertainty quantification for simulations of physical phenomena; [turinsky@ncsu.edu]

Bernard Wehring, Research Professor (919/ 515-4599);PhD, Nuclear Engineering, University of

Illinois at Urbana Champaign (1966); radiation science, neutron and fission physics; [bwwehrin@ncsu.edu]

  Development of GPT-Free Sensitivity Analysis Methodology for PHISICS Hany Samy Abdel-Khalik (PI) Idaho National Lab (INL) $79,938 10/01/12 - 09/30/13 The objective of this project is to implement the GPT-free approach into INL’s PHISICS code to demonstrate its capability in support of sensitivity analysis and uncertainty quantification calculations. These analyses are otherwise computationally intractable if completed with a GPT implementation, currently unavailable in the PHISICS code package. GPT stands for generalized perturbation theory. It is a well-established approach in the neutronics community employed to calculate sensitivity coefficients of general user-defined responses with respect to cross-sections. Development of Subspace-Based Hybrid Monte Carlo-Deterministic Algorithms for Reactor Physics Calculations Hany Samy Abdel-Khalik (PI) & Robin P. Gardner (Co-PI) Nuclear Energy University Program (NEUP), US Department of Energy $479,358 10/01/09 - 09/30/13 This project develops a mathematically-justified, computationally-efficient, massively-parallelized framework for coupling Monte Carlo (MC) and deterministic models to achieve: a) improved convergence of MC via enhanced biasing methods; b) reliable and efficient MC inverse analysis; c) accumulate sensitivity coefficients of all responses, including reactor core attributes with respect to input data; d) estimate all reactor core attributes uncertainties due to basic nuclear data uncertainties; e) determine energy-collapsed cross-sections for deterministic methods based on MC solutions. To be performed routinely as part of the design process, most of these objectives are currently considered computationally intractable despite the anticipated growth in computer power.

A Novel Algorithm for Solving the Multidimensional Neutron Transport Equation on Massively Parallel Architectures Yousry Y. Azmy (PI) Nuclear Energy University Program (NEUP), US Department of Energy $350,004 10/01/09 - 09/30/13 This project devises a novel parallel algorithm suitable for solving the discrete ordinates approximation of the transport equation on massively parallel platforms. We achieve this goal by abandoning the mesh sweep algorithm that is at the core of traditional solution schemes, in favor of an equivalent formulation that naturally decomposes the spatial domain into decoupled subdomains. However, unlike earlier efforts, the solution of the transport equation within each subdomain is not based on a mesh sweep but rather on direct solution of a matrix equation resulting from an equivalent integral formulation of the discretized transport operator. Academic Career Development for a Nuclear Engineering Junior Faculty at North Carolina State University Igor A Bolotnov (PI), John Mattingly (Co-PI), Yousry Y. Azmy US Nuclear Regulatory Commission $385,000 04/01/12 - 03/31/15 The goal of this project is to assemble an attractive package to help the Department recruit a top-notch candidate and provide them a reliable resource to supplement the standard startup package. The benefit to the Department is ability to attract top talent to apply for the position, and retain them in an academic career. The benefit to nuclear science and engineering is replenishing and rejuvenating the cadre of academicians who will shape the future of nuclear energy in the US and globally through their research and by educating a new generation of nuclear professionals essential to implementing the nation’s nuclear agendas. Accurate Holdup Calculations with Predictive Modeling and Data Integration Yousry Y. Azmy (PI) Nuclear Energy University Program (NEUP), US Department of Energy $875,000 10/01/12 - 10/01/15 In nuclear materials processing facilities it is important to account accurately for the fissile material that enters and leaves the plant to prevent or detect theft or misuse. During normal operation small amounts of material stick to walls or get trapped in equipment. Over years, these small material “holdups” accumulate into significant quantities. Thus, accurately estimating the holdup is an important component of material accounting. The approach developed in this project fully couples predictive computational radiation transport models while integrating all data. Advanced Radiation Transport Methods on Unstructured Grids & Solution Algorithms for Multiprocessors Yousry Y. Azmy (PI) Idaho National Lab (INL) $29,610 02/17/14 - 09/30/14

The PI has a standing interest in the development and implementation of advanced numerical methods for solving radiation transport problems using the discrete ordinates approximation, and of advanced algorithms for solving the resulting systems of equations on multiprocessor platforms. Meanwhile INL as the designated nuclear energy lab is spearheading efforts to modernize computational capabilities in the nuclear field, a field that has become heavily reliant on modeling and simulation. This project establishes a framework for computational transport scientists at INL and NCSU will share their experiences and coordinate the evolution of their respective methods, algorithms and codes. INEST Advisory Board Chair - North Carolina State University Yousry Y. Azmy (PI) Idaho National Lab (INL) $57,004 03/04/13 - 09/30/13 The Institute for Nuclear Energy Science and Technology (INEST) was created to align various nuclear energy research initiatives within INL and Nuclear University Consortium (NUC) institutions. INEST comprises a director’s office, an Advisory Board (AB) and five Centers of Research and Education (COREs): nuclear fuels and materials; space nuclear power; fuel cycles; safety and licensing; and nuclear hybrid energy system. The PI will collaborate with INL and chair AB. In this capacity he will work directly with INEST’s director and deputy director, CORE directors, CORE university leads and other AB members. Joint Appointment Agreement Between INL/BEA and NC State University for NEUP program - Dr. John Gilligan Louis A Martin-Vega (PI), Yousry Y. Azmy (Co-PI) Battelle Energy Alliance, LLC $776,881 10/01/12 - 09/30/14 The INL-NCSU joint appointment for Dr. John Gilligan supports his efforts as the Nuclear Energy University Program Integration Office Director. NEUP awards approximately $60M annually in a competitive process to US universities for research and development and infrastructure awards. Half of Gilligan’s time is dedicated to the NEUP program to provide guidance, advice, program plans, summaries, and coordinated discussions and meetings at various locations including DOE-HQ, INL, workshop locations and universities. Joint Faculty Appointment Between Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) and NC State University for Dr. Nam Dinh Yousry Y. Azmy (PI) Oak Ridge National Laboratory - UT-Battelle LLC $180,394 02/01/13 - 06/30/15 Joint appointment as Dr. Nam Dinh is considered NCSU employee with NCSU as the assigning party and ORNL CASL as the receiving party pursuant to Joint Faculty Agreement NO JFA-2001-2. Joint Faculty Appointment Between Oak Ridge National Laboratory and NC State University for Dr.

Igor Bolotnov Yousry Y. Azmy (PI) Oak Ridge National Laboratory - UT-Battelle LLC $238,565 02/28/11 - 06/30/15 Joint appointment as Dr. Bolotnov is considered NCSU employee with NCSU as the assigning party and ORNL CASL as the receiving party pursuant to Joint Faculty Agreement NO JFA-2001-2. Joint Faculty Appointment Between UT-Batelle-ORNL and NC State University for John Mattingly Yousry Y. Azmy (PI) Oak Ridge National Laboratory - UT-Battelle LLC $57,660 08/16/13 - 05/15/14 The work comprising this project will support development and use of nuclear computational tools and methods for application in nuclear nonproliferation, nuclear security, and homeland security. Dr. Mattingly will be responsible for developing and utilizing computational methods for performing analyses of nuclear detection technologies for projects supported by the DOE/NNSA nonproliferation programs, the DHS Domestic Nuclear Detection Office, and the DOD Defense Threat Reduction Agency. He will engage with technical staff in ORNL’s Nuclear Security Modeling Group and other ORNL staff to support existing projects, develop joint proposals and identify relevant subjects and research programs for NCSU students. Joint Faculty Appointment for Dr. John Mattingly Yousry Y. Azmy (PI) Oak Ridge National Laboratory - UT-Battelle LLC $19,228 08/16/13 - 05/15/14 This project supports development and use of nuclear computational tools and methods for application in nuclear nonproliferation, nuclear security, and homeland security. Dr. Mattingly will for develop and utilize computational methods for performing analyses of nuclear detection technologies for projects supported by the DOE/NNSA-NA22 Nonproliferation Research and Development programs, the NA42 Office of Emergency Services, the DHS Domestic Nuclear Detection Office, and the DOD Defense Threat Reduction Agency. He will engage technical staff in ORNL’s Nuclear Material Detection and Characterization Group and other staff to support existing projects, develop joint proposals, and identify relevant subjects and research programs for NCSU students. Nuclear Energy University Programs - Fellowship and Scholarship Support North Carolina State University Yousry Y. Azmy (PI), Korukonda L. Murty (Co-PI), Joseph M. Doster (Co-PI) US Dept. of Energy (DOE) $390,000 07/01/09 - 06/30/17 This project establishes eligibility to participate in DOE’s Fellowship and Scholarship Support program where Nuclear Engineering eligible students can apply for scholarships and fellowships per the annual Funding Opportunity Announcement. This is a 5 year cooperative agreement program and may run up to 8 years to accredited US Colleges and Universities for the US Department of Energy’s Office of Nuclear Energy Fellowship and Scholarship Awards.

Nuclear Engineering Faculty Development Project John Mattingly (PI), Igor A Bolotnov (Co-PI), Yousry Y. Azmy US Nuclear Regulatory Commission $450,000 05/01/10 - 04/30/14 NCSU’s Department of Nuclear Engineering is undergoing rapid and significant growth in graduate and undergraduate enrollments, and in funding of its educational mission. Commensurate with this growth, the Department’s faculty continues to grow at a vigorous pace to keep up with pressing demands in teaching and research. At present, the Department is running active searches for two faculty positions to be filled in Fall 2010 and Fall 2011, subject to identifying suitable candidates. This project is designed to amend the standard startup package for the target junior faculty to improve his/her chances of developing a successful academic career. Verification & Validation of High-Order Short-Characteristics-Based Deterministic Transport Methodology on Unstructured Grids Yousry Y. Azmy (PI) Nuclear Energy University Program (NEUP), US Department of Energy $377,538 10/01/09 - 09/30/13 This project involves the modeling and comparison of numerical results to experimental measurements of criticality parameters and power distribution of the ATR performed in 1994. The use of experimental measurements will allow the project investigators to better understand the performance of the AHOT method for a real engineering application with a very significant level of complexity with respect to all of the independent variables energy, space and angle). The final product of this proposed work will further qualify the production, core level transport code, THOR through verification and validation against reactor physics parameters for a complex, heterogeneous well-characterized integral reactor experiment. Simulation and Modeling of the Interactions of Liquid Turbulent Eddies and Gas Bubbles Igor A Bolotnov (PI) National Science Foundation (NSF) $275,764 07/15/13 - 06/30/16 The objective of the proposed research is to quantify bubble/turbulence interactions in a wide variety of flow conditions by analyzing experimentally validated interface tracking simulations and developing new turbulence-spectrum aware interfacial force models for CMFD and multiphase large-eddy simulations (LES). Fundamental understanding of forces governing bubble/turbulence interactions is a major key to the new generation of multiphase CFD and LES models which will allow virtual testing and design of multiphase flow systems. Simulation of Turbulent Multiphase Flows for Nuclear Reactor Safety Igor A Bolotnov (PI) US Dept. of Energy (DOE) Time on Leadership Class Computer

01/01/12 - 12/31/14 Direct numerical simulation of turbulent bubbly two-phase flows at a leadership computing facility allows obtaining an unprecedented level of turbulent two-phase flow resolution and can answer fundamental questions about the interaction between the bubbles and the liquid turbulence. This knowledge will be used to improve the safety of light water nuclear reactors. A New Light Weight Structural Material for Nuclear Structures Afsaneh Rabiei (PI), Mohamed A. Bourham (Co-PI) Nuclear Energy University Program (NEUP), US Department of Energy $399,490 10/25/11 - 10/25/14 In this project a novel composite structural material will be designed, manufactured, tested and modeled for light weight and maximized efficiency of shielding. Enhanced Shielding Performance of HLW Storage Packages via Multi-Component Coatings Mohamed A. Bourham (PI) Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (aka Virginia Tech) $85,799 02/15/14 - 12/01/16 The proposed waste package provides a barrier to prevent air/soil contaminants from making contact with packages causing damage/weakening, and protects the structural materials used in the packages enhancing their mechanical properties to allow movement/transportation of the waste package over the storage lifetime. This project will develop, evaluate, and optimize a three-component coating for the outside of waste packages that will provide a multi-purpose barrier. It is proposed to add components to the shield coatings that will provide a diffusion barrier, enhance wear and corrosion resistance, improve thermal cycling tolerance, and that will guarantee long-term adhesion of the shield coating. GAANN Interdisciplinary Doctoral Program in Nuclear Science and Engineering Christopher R. Gould (PI), Mohamed A. Bourham (Co-PI), David M. Shafer (Co-PI) US Dept. of Education (DED) $396,456 08/16/12 - 08/15/13 This project allows NCSU to increase its commitment to graduate training in nuclear science and engineering (NS&E). The goal is to increase U.S. citizens and permanent-residents pursuing teaching and research careers in NS&E, thereby developing the workforce necessary for enhancing US competitiveness in energy and medical research. The program’s strategy: Recruit six GAANN doctoral fellows, including women, minorities and persons with disabilities, to NS&E; ensure GAANN fellows benefit from available world-class NS&E resources, obtain doctoral degrees, and find suitable employment. Anticipated outcomes: Six additional NS&E PhDs; Post-doctoral opportunities for fellows; enhanced interdisciplinary focus through recruiting outstanding students interested in academic careers. New Course Development in Accelerator and Reactor Health Physics under the Duke University-North Carolina State University He Mohamed A. Bourham (PI)

Duke University $85,766 04/01/12 - 03/31/14 The objectives of this project are to (a) develop new graduate health physics (HP) courses in accelerator and reactor HP in a collaboration between Duke University’s Medical Physics (MP) and NCSU’s Department of Nuclear Engineering (NE), and (b) make these courses available to MP students (HP Track) and NE under the Cooperative Registration Program between the two universities. Joint courses under this Consortium will provide unprecedented opportunities to graduate students at both universities. Particularly this regional HP Consortium will comprise one of the most comprehensive HP programs in the world encompassing medical HP, accelerator HP and reactor HP. Characterization of Severe Accidents in a Small Modular Reactor Nam Dinh (PI), Joseph M. Doster (Co-PI) Babcock & Wilcox mPower, Inc. $1,693,489 11/01/13 - 10/31/16 This project will perform analytical, modeling, computational, and experimental research to support safety analysis of mPower’s SMR design by characterizing hypothetical severe accident scenarios. The work supports preparation of a design-specific severe accidents evaluation methodology for mPower’s design. While core degradation scenarios are highly improbably, remote and speculative in the mPower design, treatment of severe accidents is central to defense-in-depth and risk considerations for advanced nuclear power plants. The project’s systematic approach to severe accidents characterization includes identification of design-specific severe accident phenomenology, severe accident phenomenology verification and validation, severe accidents test scaling, and severe accident prevention and mitigation requirements. Integration of a Fortran-based, Dynamic Small Modular Reactor Model with the Nuclear Hybrid Energy System Model in the Mode Joseph M. Doster (PI) Battelle Energy Alliance, LLC $10,241 06/06/13 - 09/30/13 A high fidelity model incorporating a reactor, power conversion system, and local electrical grid with sufficient detail for controls engineering has been developed at NCSU for preliminary investigation of SMRs as a dynamic stability aid in small electrical grid applications. This project continues integrating NCSU’s model with INL-NHES simulation framework to allow full integration of the SMR model in the NHES Modelica simulation environment. This will enhance the value proposition for NHES and clarify key requirements for a nuclear power source that would be coupled to a NHES and will help identify key challenges in the integrated system operation. Modeling Solute Thermokinetics in LiCL-KCL Molten Salt for Nuclear Waste Separation Jacob Eapen (PI) University of Wisconsin - Madison $285,110 07/20/10 - 07/31/13 This project will develop first-principles based molecular modeling and simulation approaches to predict fundamental thermokinetic properties of dissolved actinides and fission products in molten

salts. Present nuclear waste separation methods are controlled by solute and salt properties that are often difficult to measure experimentally. The simulation results, derived from first principles, are of utmost value for interpreting experimental results, validating analytical models, and optimizing waste separation by potentially developing new salt configurations and operating conditions. The methods will focus on first-principles and derived interatomic potential based simulations with molecular-dynamics. Results will be validated against literature and ongoing experimental effort at UW. SunShot Lab Proposal Development Process Concentrating Solar Power Merit Review Jacob Eapen (PI) US Dept. of Energy (DOE) $4,000 09/25/12 - 09/27/13 The PI participated in the DOE SunShot Lab Proposal Development Process Concentrating Solar Power Merit Review in Washington DC. The remuneration is used to strengthen the PI research and laboratory activities. Associates Program - Nuclear Techniques in Oil Well Logging Robin P. Gardner (PI) Weatherford International Ltd. $20,000 01/01/13 - 12/31/13 Membership fee to be a participant in the Associates Program Nuclear Techniques in Oil Well Logging in support of the Center for Engineering Applications of Radioisotopes (CEAR). Associates Program-Nuclear Techniques in Oil Well Logging Robin P. Gardner (PI) Exxon Mobil Upstream Research Company $215,000 01/01/13 - 12/31/14 This Associates Program is for providing applied and basic research and development in the nuclear techniques for oil well logging. Associates Program-Nuclear Techniques in Oil Well Logging Robin P. Gardner (PI) Baker Atlas $195,000 01/01/13 - 12/31/13 The Associates Program - Nuclear Techniques in Oil Well Logging (APNTOWL) of research supporting the Center for Engineering Applications of Radioisotopes (CEAR) at NCSU is being expanded to include up to ten organizations engaged in oil well logging by nuclear methods. The primary area of research under the APNTOWL that is relevant to the expanded membership is the modeling and design of new nuclear oil well logging devices with the general purpose Monte Carlo code MCNP or special purpose Monte Carlo codes developed within CEAR.

Associates Program-Nuclear Techniques in Oil Well Logging Supporting Center for Engineering Applications of Radioisotopes Robin P. Gardner (PI) China Oilfield Services Limited $50,000 01/01/13 - 12/31/13 The Associates Program - Nuclear Techniques in Oil Well Logging (APNTOWL) of research supporting the Center for Engineering Applications of Radioisotopes (CEAR) at NCSU is being expanded to include up to ten organizations engaged in oil well logging by nuclear methods. The research focus is modeling nuclear oil well logging devices with MCNP or CEAR’s special purpose Monte Carlo codes. CEAR is also interested in developing fast semi-empirical models based on simulated data using existing Monte Carlo codes for both generic and proprietary nuclear logging tools. They can be used for real time log interpretation such as borehole/formation effects. Development of Computational Models of Tool Response to Neutron Sources for Radioisotope Source Replacement Robin P. Gardner (PI) Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) $30,000 07/25/13 - 12/31/13 This project will develop computational models of tool response to neutron sources for radioisotope source replacement particularly for the oil-well logging industry. The PI shall use their computational resources at NCSU in support of LANL’s effort to generate computational models of generic logging tool responses to neutron source for Radioisotope Source Replacement (RSR). For each source type (D-T, D-D, and T-T) the PI will report: 1) tool response using the point isotropic source approximation; 2) optimum detector spacing; 3) response using LANL provided neutron spectra and yield. Production of Gamma-Ray Spectral Libraries for Nuclear Threat Cargo Monitoring Robin P. Gardner (PI) US Dept. of Energy (DOE) $899,446 06/01/12 - 05/31/14 This project is to investigate the fundamental limitations and their solution to the library approach for the inverse radiation spectrum application for detecting nuclear terror radiation sources. Nuclear Energy University Program (NEUP) Integration Office Program Assistant John G. Gilligan (PI) Battelle Energy Alliance, LLC $352,110 03/03/10 - 09/30/14 This award continues specialized administrative and program support for the DOE NEUP program for the Director Dr. John Gilligan. A Positron Generator System in Support of High Brightness Materials Characterization at the

PULSTAR Reactor Ayman I. Hawari (PI) US Dept. of Energy (DOE) $200,000 12/09/13 - 12/08/14 This project aims at establishing a high brightness low-energy positron generator stage with record-high positron intensity. The proposed development builds upon the great success of a state-of-the-art positron beam that is located at NCSU’s PULSTAR reactor. The generator will be optimized to produce the highest possible primary positron rate with the best possible phase space. A Positron Microprobe Spectrometer for Defects and Nano-Vacancy Characterization in Materials Ayman I. Hawari (PI) US Dept. of Energy (DOE) $325,000 01/01/14 - 12/31/14 This project aims at establishing a positron microprobe spectrometer. The proposed development builds upon the great success of a state-of-the-art positron beam that is located at NCSU’s PULSTAR reactor. The microprobe spectrometer will be optimized to examine micron-sized regions of interest in the tested samples. Accurate Development of Thermal Neutron Scattering Cross Section Libraries Ayman I. Hawari (PI) Nuclear Energy University Program (NEUP), US Department of Energy $1,089,703 10/01/09 - 09/30/13 NCSU and Oak Ridge National Laboratory will develop a fundamental and accurate approach for generating thermal neutron scattering cross section libraries for important neutron moderators and reflectors. The primary components of this approach are physical accuracy and completeness of generated data libraries. Consequently, for the first time, thermal neutron scattering cross section data libraries will be generated that are based on accurate theoretical models, that are carefully benchmarked against experimental and computational data, and that contain complete covariance information that can be used in propagating the data uncertainties through the various components of the nuclear design and execution process. Beta-Decay Measurements with Ultracold Neutrons Albert R. Young (PI), Ayman I. Hawari (Co-PI), Bernard W. Wehring National Science Foundation (NSF) $729,745 09/15/10 - 08/31/15 This project comprises an REU supplement to support an undergraduate to be trained in the procedures required to construct a unique, variable energy electron accelerator for use in beta-decay and multi-disciplinary research. In particular, this device will be used to provide detailed calibration information for several beta-decay experiments, as well as providing fundamental data on meta-stable formation in air due to ionizing radiation. Collaborative Research: Beta-Decay Angular Correlation Measurements with Cold and Ultracold

Neutrons Albert R. Young (PI), Ayman I. Hawari (Co-PI), Bernard W. Wehring National Science Foundation (NSF) $493,400 08/01/13 - 07/31/16 This collaborative research program involving angular correlation measurements with neutrons comprises two experiments: one utilizing ultracold neutrons (UCNA) the other uses an unpolarized cold neutron beam (Nab). The intellectual merit for these projects stems from their strong motivation and unique technical approach. Fuel Boxes for the NCSU PULSTAR Reactor (Fabricated equipment, University property) Ayman I. Hawari (PI) Idaho National Laboratory $113,042 09/03/13 - 06/30/14 This is a project to acquire new fuel boxes for the NCSU PULSTAR reactor. Generation of Thermal Neutron Scattering Law Ayman I. Hawari (PI) Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC $80,000 01/22/14 - 09/30/16 NCSU will develop models for executing molecular dynamics simulations for selected materials. The models will be used to calculate the scattering law in ENDF format and will be provided to the National Nuclear Data Center at Brookhaven National Laboratory. Nuclear Energy University Program - Reactor Upgrades - A High Resolution Laser Scanner in Support of Digital Neuron Imaging Ayman I. Hawari (PI) US Dept. of Energy (DOE) $123,840 07/15/12 - 12/15/13 The objective of this project is to acquire a high resolution laser scanner for applications in neutron imaging. The performance of this device is expected to result in digital neutron images with a resolution approaching that of standard film. However, the digital approach will be free from the drawbacks of film imaging including the limited dynamic range and the susceptibility to noise. Nuclear Engineering University Program - Infrastructure Major Upgrade to the PULSTAR Reactor From 1-MWth To 2-MWth Ayman I. Hawari (PI) US Dept. of Energy (DOE) $1,378,987 08/16/10 - 12/31/14 The objective of this project is to enhance the operational and performance capabilities of the North Carolina State University (NCSU) PULSTAR reactor through a power uprate from 1-MWth to 2-MWth and to establish much of the infrastructure that might be needed when considering future higher powers (e.g., 5-MWth). In general, the power uprate is anticipated to provide enhanced

radiation (neutrons, gamma-rays, positrons, etc.) intensities at all in-core and ex-core irradiation locations. Consequently, this will benefit the mission objectives of the PULSTAR reactor, namely, education, scientific research and community service. One-Dimensional Nanostructures for Neutron Detection Yong Zhu (PI), Ayman I. Hawari (Co-PI), Jacob Eapen Nuclear Energy University Program (NEUP), US Department of Energy $455,629 09/28/11 - 09/30/14 Compact size, low operating voltage, fast charge-collection speed and high sensitivity are important measures of neutron detectors. Other measures include low radiation damage and compatibility with different substrates. Recent advances in materials processing show that low dimensional structures such as nanotubes and nanowires have superior electrical sensitivity relative to bulk materials. This proposal aims to develop high efficiency, pixel array neutron detectors using boron carbon nitride nanotubes. Optimizing Neutron Thermal Scattering Effects in Very High Temperature Reactors Ayman I. Hawari (PI) Nuclear Energy University Program (NEUP), US Department of Energy $862,077 10/01/09 - 09/30/13 Accurate knowledge of thermalized neutrons’ energy distribution enhances the ability to predict operational and safety aspects of reactors including cycle energy, fuel economics, optimum moderator-to-fuel ratio, radionuclide inventories. Details of this energy distribution depend directly on the ability to model the process of energy exchange (through inelastic scattering) between low energy neutrons and the moderator lattice. At energies below 1 eV, neutrons begin to recognize the chemical binding between moderator atoms. Consequently, understanding the dynamics of the moderator’s atomic structure becomes essential to calculating the exchange of energy between neutrons and moderator to establish the thermal spectrum within a reactor core. Reactor Fuel Assistance and Fuel Elements Ayman I. Hawari (PI), Andrew T. Cook Battelle Energy Alliance, LLC No dollar amount, fuel provided 08/01/08 - 12/31/17 This project provides for the utilization of the PULSTAR reactor (owned by NCSU) in a program of education and training of students in Nuclear Science and Engineering, and for faculty and student research. The project provides for the continued possession and use of Department of Energy (DOE)-owned nuclear materials, including enriched uranium, in reactor fuel without incremental charge of use, burn-up, and reprocessing while used for research, education and training purposes. Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) Combating Weapons of Mass Destruction (CWMD) Research and Technology Development John Mattingly (PI) Applied Research Associates, Inc. (ARA)

No dollar value assigned 09/24/12 - 09/24/13 The North Carolina State University (NCSU) Nuclear Engineering (NE) department will conduct basic R&D to support Applied Research Associates development of gamma and neutron imaging systems for DTRA. NCSU will provide assistance in the requirements definition, trade study, design, and testing of alternative systems for gamma and neutron imaging. Design, Evaluation, and Testing of a High-Efficiency Single-Volume Neutron Scatter Camera John Mattingly (PI) Sandia National Laboratories $76,608 01/30/14 - 09/30/14 North Carolina State University (NCSU) Department of Nuclear Engineering (NE) will support ongoing efforts at Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) to develop a high-efficiency single-volume neutron scatter camera (SVNSC). Development of a New Course on Nuclear Nonproliferation and Safeguards John Mattingly (PI) Oak Ridge National Laboratory - UT-Battelle LLC $27,054 02/22/13 - 12/31/14 This project supports NE students’ field trip to ORNL as a part of the NCSU Graduate Course on radiation detection. The purpose of this project is to develop a new graduate level course, titled “Nuclear Nonproliferation and Safeguards” to teach nuclear security and safeguards from both global and technical perspectives. The students will be equipped with state-of-the-art techniques of nuclear safeguards and security and develop holistic understanding of these issues. Learning will be enhanced through class projects, web-based on-line interactions with subject matter experts, and a field trip to ORNL’s safeguards laboratory. Development of High-Speed Monte Carlo Simulations of Radiation Sensors in Mixed Neutron-Gamma Fields John Mattingly (PI) Oak Ridge National Laboratory - UT-Battelle LLC $43,148 01/09/13 - 09/30/13 NCSU will analyze Monte Carlo coupled neutron-photon transport simulations to characterize the energy- and angle-dependent distribution of photons resulting from subsurface neutron capture and inelastic scatter. The analysis will inform the future implementation of the Sandia National Laboratories MUSHU Ray-Trace enhanced Monte-Carlo Transport code, similar to the Oak Ridge National Laboratory-developed SimpleMC code currently being implemented. Development of High-Speed Monte Carlo Simulations of Radiation Sensors to Mixed Neutron-Gamma Fields John Mattingly (PI) Sandia National Laboratories (SNL)

$32,123 01/16/13 - 12/31/13 NCSU will analyze Monte Carlo coupled neutron-photon transport simulations to characterize the energy- and angle-dependent distribution of photons resulting from subsurface neutron capture and inelastic scatter. The analysis will inform the future implementation of the Sandia National Laboratories MUSHU Ray-Trace enhanced Monte-Carlo Transport code, similar to the Oak Ridge National Laboratory-developed SimpleMC code currently being implemented. Fission Physics Parameter Estimation and Uncertainty Quantification John Mattingly (PI) National Science Foundation (NSF) No dollar value assigned 07/01/13 - 06/30/14 The properties of fissionable materials that govern the propagation of fission chain-reactions are known, but only inexactly and imprecisely. In this project we use the massively scalable radiation transport code Denovo to demonstrate new techniques for neutron transport physics parameter adjustment and uncertainty quantification. We have modified Denovo to implement adjoint sensitivity analysis, propagation of uncertainty, and new data assimilation methods for parameter adjustment. Preliminary analysis of a subcritical plutonium experiment revealed significant errors in fission neutron multiplicity of plutonium-239. We complete this study: first complete application of data assimilation to the analysis of a relevant set of subcritical experiments. Nuclear Forensics Junior Faculty Award Program John Mattingly (PI) University of South Carolina $240,000 04/30/12 - 12/31/14 North Carolina State University’s (NCSU) Department of Nuclear Engineering will develop a program of research and education to support the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS), Domestic Nuclear Detection Office (DNDO) initiative to restore and sustain an enduring pipeline of expertise in nuclear forensics. NCSU will work with Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) to jointly devise (1) topics for course study that emphasize existing methods in nuclear forensics: and (2) topics for graduate research that advance the state of the art in nuclear forensics. Research topics will be focused on improving analyses of nuclear and non-nuclear materials and post-detonation derbies. XSEDE Startup Account Application: Development of an Inverse Radiation Transport Modeler's Toolkit John Mattingly (PI), Richard T Evans National Science Foundation (NSF) No dollar value assigned 07/01/13 - 06/30/14 We use this XSEDE account to verify and validate Denovo’s ASAP implementation on the benchmark experiment “Polyethylene-Reflected Plutonium Metal Sphere: Subcritical Neutron and Gamma Measurements”, Mattingly, (2009) - where neutron and photon count rates at specified distances from a plutonium source were measured. The verification and validation of the implementation will be performed at various spatial, angular, and energy discretizations. We estimate 1011 degrees of freedom to obtain consistency with the experiment, requiring ~800 gigabytes of

memory. This requires ~700 cores on Kraken to store the problem state, and additional cores to store Krylov vectors used by Denovo's Trilinos-based GMRES routine. Fuel Aging in Storage and Transportation: Accelerated Characterization and Performance Assessment of the Used Nuclear Fuel Storage Korukonda L. Murty (PI), Jacob Eapen (Co-PI) Texas A&M University (TAMU) $709,999 12/15/11 - 09/30/14 This is a subcontract to TAMU (Dr. Sean McDevitt) with NCSU’s PIs to work on creep of spent fuel as a part of the Integrated Research Project (IRP) project on aging of used nuclear fuel in storage funded by the US Department of Energy’s Nuclear Energy University Program (NEUP). MRI: Development of a Miniature, High Temperature, Multiaxial Testing Equipment for Advanced Materials and Engineering Research Tasnim Hassan (PI), Korukonda L. Murty (Co-PI), Gracious Ngaile, Yong Zhu National Science Foundation (NSF) $438,951 08/15/13 - 07/31/16 A novel testing system will be designed and developed for mechanical testing of miniature tubular specimens under any combination of axial, torsional, and internal pressure monotonic and cyclic loading in the room to 1000oC temperature range. The proposed test system size and orientation will be designed such that it can be set under an optical microscope (OM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) for in-situ microstructural studies and will create research opportunities in material design and component manufacturing, integrated through constitutive and computational modeling research. Development of the system will performed by detailed thermo-mechanical analysis. National Academy for Nuclear Training Fellowship Program 2013-2014 Korukonda L. Murty (PI), Yousry Y. Azmy (Co-PI) National Academy for Nuclear Training $25,000 01/01/14 - 12/31/14 This project supports continued participation of NCSU’s Department of Nuclear Engineering in the National Academy for Nuclear Training Fellowship Program. The support level of one student per year at $25,000 is provided. North Carolina State University’s Graduate Fellowship in Nuclear Engineering (NCSU-GFINE) Korukonda L. Murty (PI), Yousry Y. Azmy (Co-PI) US Nuclear Regulatory Commission $381,436 07/31/09 - 07/31/14 This project provides financial aid mechanism for graduate students in nuclear engineering named NCSU-GFINE whose primary objective is to enhance the ability of the Department to recruit and retain outstanding individuals and to incentivize the selected Fellows to maintain high academic performance. The selection formula promotes diversity in the department's graduate student

population. Ultimately, the collective effort by US educational institutions to raise the admission standards and to diversify their graduate student populations will translate into a highly competent and diverse cadre of leaders for the nuclear engineering endeavor at large. North Carolina State University’s Graduate Fellowship In Nuclear Engineering (NCSU-GFINE) Korukonda L. Murty (PI), Yousry Y. Azmy (Co-PI) US Nuclear Regulatory Commission $400,000 08/01/13 - 07/31/17 This project provides financial aid mechanism for graduate students in nuclear engineering named NCSU-GFINE whose primary objective is to enhance the ability of the Department to recruit and retain outstanding individuals and to incentivize the selected Fellows to maintain high academic performance. The selection formula promotes diversity in the department's graduate student population. Ultimately, the collective effort by US educational institutions to raise the admission standards and to diversify their graduate student populations will translate into a highly competent and diverse cadre of leaders for the nuclear engineering endeavor at large. Study on High Temperature Creep Behavior of Zirconium Alloys Korukonda L. Murty (PI) Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI) $53,504 09/01/13 - 08/31/15 This project reviews creep of Zirconium alloys using literature data and information from KAERI and will provide: general advice on creep test methods for zirconium-based alloys up to high temperatures; specific advice on creep mechanisms with alloy composition, texture, microstructure, and irradiation effect; specifications for establishing a tube type testing technique for zirconium cladding tubes; progress report on experimental results. The PI will collaborate with KAERI researchers in submitting journal articles on research results and on identifying and soliciting additional funding for this research. Transitional Creep Mechanisms in Textured Low C/A-Ratio Hexagonal Close Packed Metals Korukonda L. Murty (PI) National Science Foundation (NSF) $432,000 09/15/10 - 08/31/15 This project is a request for REU supplement for one undergraduate student to participate in the research activities supported by NSF grant # DMR-0968825, titled “Transitional creep mechanisms in textured low c/a-ratio hexagonal close packed metals”. Understanding Creep Mechanisms in Graphite with Experiments, Multiscale Simulations and Modeling Jacob Eapen (PI), Korukonda L. Murty (Co-PI) Nuclear Energy University Program (NEUP), US Department of Energy $803,623 10/01/09 - 09/30/13

Renewed interest in radiation effects in graphite is motivated by its use in advanced reactor cores. This project develops a mechanistic understanding of irradiation and thermal creep mechanisms in graphite through experiments, multiscale simulations and theoretical modeling. Deliverables include: (1) experimental creep data on irradiated reactor grade graphite, (2) XRD and high definition TEM data, (3) mechanical and thermal properties, (4) multiscale simulation results, and direct comparisons to XRD and TEM data, and (5) mechanistic models that underpin the fundamental behavior of irradiation and thermal creep in graphite. Advancing the Underlying Science of Nano-Structured Refractory Materials for Nuclear Energy Systems Steven Christopher Shannon (PI), Jacob Eapen (Co-PI) Nuclear Energy University Program (NEUP), US Department of Energy $1,129,304 07/14/10 - 07/31/14 This project will improve radiation tolerance and diffusion characteristics of materials for next generation reactor systems through micro-scale and nano-scale design of materials and interfaces. Combining investigators’ experience in controlled synthesis of nanostructured materials, computational analysis and prediction, and modeling irradiation experiments, our team will explore effects of oriented and random structures fabricated on refractory materials and their benefit with respect to radiation tolerance and fission-product diffusion. Thin film synthesis, top-down device fabrication technology, and in-situ irradiation measurements will enable a new focus on the interaction of radiation with nano-scale inhomogeneities and provide design rules their incorporation into next generation reactors. Development of RF field Diagnostic using Stark Effect Steven Christopher Shannon (PI) Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) - UT-Battelle LLC $227,932 09/24/10 - 07/31/14 This project develops an experimental apparatus to measure Stark splitting phenomena in hydrogen and helium spectral emission on the current experimental configuration at ORNL and collaborating facilities elsewhere for ICRF characterization and study. We will develop analysis techniques to correlate field characteristics such as field magnitude and spectral characteristics to hydrogen and helium atomic emission using quasi-static and dynamic Stark splitting. Finally, we will develop experimental and theoretical matrices to validate this model via controlled measurement using the aforementioned experimental apparatus as well as validated sheath models. This research will provide a unique capability for characterizing ICRF antennae systems. Goali: Advancing the Underlying Science of In-line RF Metrology and Pulsed RF Power Delivery for Low Temperature Plasma Steven Christopher Shannon (PI) National Science Foundation (NSF) $300,000 07/01/12 - 06/30/15 The purpose of this project is to improve plasma assisted material processing with advanced pulsed RF power delivery systems.

I/UCRC: Proposal to Add North Carolina State University as a Center Site for the Existing I/UCRC “Center for Lasers and Plasmas in Advanced Manufacturing” Steven Christopher Shannon (PI) National Science Foundation (NSF) $60,000/year 03/01/14 - 02/28/19 NCSU gained membership into the NSF IUCRC titled “Center for Lasers and Plasmas in Advanced Manufacturing” headquartered at the University of Virginia, Charlottesville, with current members University of Michigan, Southern Methodist University, and University of Illinois. This successful proposal is a joint proposal with the University of Texas at Dallas that also gained membership in the center and has partnered with NCSU in the planning phase and full proposal submission. New water Treatment Technology Utilizing Non-Thermal Plasma Technology. Steven Christopher Shannon (PI), Detlef R. Knappe Chancellor's Innovation Fund (CIF) $72,213 07/01/13 - 09/30/14 A compact water treatment source capable of displacing existing technologies due to its lower cost of operation and potential zero-chemical operation for applications ranging from water treatment to sterilization to fertigation of agricultural water supplies will be investigated in this project. Particle-In-Cell Simulation of Radio Frequency Field Structure Near Plasma Facing Antenna Components Steven Christopher Shannon (PI) Oak Ridge Associated Universities $75,000 01/01/12 - 12/31/14 This project will simulate the electromagnetic fields produced between a plasma and an RF driven antenna structure. This simulation will be used to elucidate understanding of plasma material interaction in antenna structures and serve to validate new diagnostic techniques for non-invasive field measurement currently ongoing in partnership with NCSU and ORNL. Consortium for Advanced Simulations for Light Water Reactors (CASL) Paul J. Turinsky (PI), Carl T. Kelley, Ralph C. Smith, Donald W. Brenner, Joseph M. Doster, Dmitriy Y. Anistratov, Korukonda L. Murty, Jacob Oak Ridge National Laboratory - UT-Battelle LLC $5,280,530 11/16/10 - 09/30/14 The Consortium for Advanced Simulation of Light Water Reactors, CASL, supports the broad national missions of enabling energy independence; supporting economic growth through the offering of superior technology; and being good stewards of the environment, by enabling predictive simulation of nuclear power plants. Such capability will make possible power uprates, lifetime extension and higher fuel burnups for currently operating and new Generation III+ nuclear power plants. The scope of work for this project addresses the portion which will not incur at State of TN tax.

Consortium for Advanced Simulations for Light Water Reactors (CASL) - Taxable Projects Only Paul J. Turinsky, Hany Samy Abdel-Khalik, Ralph C. Smith, Carl T. Kelley, Hong Luo, Dan G. Cacuci Oak Ridge National Laboratory - UT-Battelle LLC $651,798 11/23/11 - 09/30/14 The Consortium for Advanced Simulation of Light Water Reactors, CASL, supports the broad national missions of enabling energy independence; supporting economic growth through the offering of superior technology; and being good stewards of the environment, buy enabling predictive simulation of nuclear power plants. Such capability will make possible power uprates, lifetime extension and higher fuel burn ups for currently operating and new Generation III+ nuclear power plants. This proposal is for work that ORNL will pay TN state taxes on. Development of Adaptive Model Refinement Capability for Multiphysics and Multifidelity Problems Paul J. Turinsky (PI), Hany Samy Abdel-Khalik (Co-PI) Nuclear Energy University Program (NEUP), US Department of Energy $471,359 10/01/09 - 03/31/14 To enhance simulation capabilities the inclusion of high fidelity models of different physics coupled in a tight fashion is required thus challenging available computer resources. Utilizing multifidelity models requires determining the accuracy of the combined fidelities for different physics employed so that higher-fidelity physics models are called upon when necessary to satisfy stated accuracy requirements. The proposed work develops the capability to complete uncertainty quantification for model introduced errors for the collection of fidelity-level models employed, and automatically change the fidelity-level models as necessary to just meet stated accuracy requirements. More concisely, an Adaptive Model Refinement capability will be developed. GAANN Interdisciplinary Doctoral Program in Scientific Computation Duane K. Larick (PI), Harvey T. Banks, Paul J. Turinsky US Dept. of Education (DED) $787,692 08/15/11 - 08/14/14 This project allows NCSU to increase its commitment to graduate training in high-performance scientific computation (HPSC). The goal is to increase U.S. citizens and permanent-residents pursuing teaching and research careers in HPSC, thereby developing the workforce necessary for enhancing US competitiveness in basic and applied research. The program’s strategy: Recruit eight GAANN doctoral fellows, including women, minorities and persons with disabilities, to HPSC; ensure GAANN fellows benefit from available world-class HPSC resources, obtain doctoral degrees, and find suitable employment. Anticipated outcomes: Eight additional HPSC PhDs; Post-doctoral opportunities for fellows; enhanced interdisciplinary focus through recruiting outstanding students interested in academic careers. GAANN Interdisciplinary Doctoral Program in Scientific Computation Harvey T. Banks (PI), Paul J. Turinsky, Duane K. Larick US Dept. of Education (DED) $408,315

08/16/12 - 08/15/15 This project allows NCSU to increase its commitment to graduate training in high-performance scientific computation (HPSC). The goal is to increase U.S. citizens and permanent-residents pursuing teaching and research careers in HPSC, thereby developing the workforce necessary for enhancing US competitiveness in basic and applied research. The program’s strategy: Recruit six GAANN doctoral fellows, including women, minorities and persons with disabilities, to HPSC; ensure GAANN fellows benefit from available world-class HPSC resources, obtain doctoral degrees, and find suitable employment. Anticipated outcomes: Six additional HPSC PhDs; Post-doctoral opportunities for fellows; enhanced interdisciplinary focus through recruiting outstanding students interested in academic careers. National University Consortium (NUC) Involvement and University Academic Center of Excellence (ACE) Activities at NCSU Paul J. Turinsky (PI), Nam Dinh, Stephen D Terry, Hany Samy Abdel-Khalik, Igor A Bolotnov, Korukonda L. Murty Battelle Energy Alliance, LLC $970,457 02/01/05 - 09/30/14 This project provides support for the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) through collaboration with NUC universities (MIT, NCSU, Oregon State University, Ohio State University, and University of New Mexico), in this case specifically North Carolina State University. The goal is to more closely align the NUC research activities with the mission and objectives of the three INL research directorates: Energy and Environment Science and Technology, Nuclear Science and Technology, and National and Homeland Security Science and Technology. Development of an Inverse Radiation Transport Modelers’ Toolkit (PDP10-04) John Mattingly (PI), Man S. Yim, Dan G. Cacuci National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) $898,600 07/01/12 - 06/30/15 Various efforts continue to understand the determinants of nuclear proliferation and develop quantitative tools to predict nuclear proliferation events. However, use of predictive models yielded mixed success frequently producing false alarms. This project aims at critically analyzing the process of variable and model selection in modeling nuclear proliferation behaviors of a country. Scenarios of nuclear proliferation by a state will be characterized and linked with selection of a model’s variables. This process will be examined via rigorous mathematical/statistical analysis. This will guide the process of variable selection and model comparisons for model-based tool development to support world’s nuclear nonproliferation regime.