OBESITY, INSULIN RESISTANCE AND

POLYCYSTRIC OVARIAN SYNDROME

PRESENTED BY

SHAKILUR RAHMANCSIR- INDIAN INSTITUTE OF CHEMICAL BIOLOGY4, Raja S.C. Mullick road, Kolkata- 700032, India

INTRODUCTION

• What is Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)?Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy in

reproductive-age women (5-10%) and is characterized by hyperandrogenism and disordered gonadotropin secretion. In addition to reproductive manifestations consisting of chronic anovulation and cutaneous manifestations of androgen.

• What is Obesity?Obesity is a medical condition in which excess body fat has accumulated.

People are considered obese when their body mass index (BMI), a measurement obtained by dividing a person's weight by the square of the person's height, exceeds 30 kg/m2, with the range 25-30 kg/m2 defined as overweight.

POSSIBLE CAUSES BEHIND PCOS

The exact cause of PCOS is unknown, but experts believe it is related to the production of an excess amount of androgens, a group of male sex hormones (Hyperandrogenism).

Excess insulin may be a factor in developing PCOS. Excess insulin leads to insulin resistance, which in turn decreases your ability to use insulin effectively results in Hyperinsulinemia.

Heredity is also a factor. If your mother or sister has PCOS, you may have a greater chance of having PCOS.

Finally, even conditions before birth in the mother’s womb can be a factor contributing to PCOS.

Does being Overweight Cause PCOS or Does PCOS Result in Obesity?

Both are possible.

The link between PCOS and obesity is complicated.

Women with PCOS produce too much insulin, or the insulin they produce does not work as it should.

The inability of insulin to function normally is one reason why women with PCOS tend to gain weight or have a hard time losing weight.

OBESITY AND PCOS

Adapted from http://themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/insulin.php

OBESITY AND PCOS

Adapted from http://themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/insulin.php

OBESITY AND INSULIN RESISTANCE

Insulin resistance (IR) refers to the situation whereby insulin interaction with its receptor fails to elicit downstream signalling events. Metabolically and clinically the most detrimental effects of IR are due to disruption in insulin mediated control of glucose and lipid homeostasis in the primary insulin responsive tissues: liver, skeletal muscle, and adipose tissue.

Adapted from http://themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/insulin.php

OBESITY AND INSULIN RESISTANCE

Adapted from http://themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/insulin.php

HYPERINSULINIMEIA, OBESITY AND HYPERANDROGENISMExcess FFA results in down regulation of Insulin action. This results in the increase of

Insulin in bloodstream and causes hyperinsulinemia. And hyperinsulinemia causes hyperandrogenism.

HYPERINSULINIMEIA, OBESITY AND HYPERANDROGENISM

ALL THESE RESULT IN THE FORMATION OF PCOS

CONCLUSION

Obesity

Insulin Resistance

HyperinsulinimiaHyperandrogenimia

PCOS

Hyperinsulinemia and obesity are so closely linked it is hard to determine whether hyperinsulinemia causes obesity or obesity causes hyperinsulinemia, or both.

What is clear is that women affected by obesity have a greater risk for PCOS and women with PCOS have a greater risk for obesity.

Thank You For Your Patience.