OBJ: Students will understand the difference between Limited and Unlimited Government.

What is your life like today? What are five freedoms that you enjoy? What happens if drop something

important in school? How are you punished?

Drill Answers? What is your life like today? What are five freedoms that you enjoy? What happens if drop something

important in school? How are you punished?

Drill Answers? What is your life like today? What are five freedoms that you enjoy? What happens if drop something

important in school? How are you punished?

Age of EnlightenmentStandard 7-2: The student will demonstrate an

understanding of the concepts of limited government and unlimited government as they functioned in

Europe in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.

Limited and Unlimited Government

Limited government-a government that has restraints placed upon the power and authority of government

In a limited government, citizens can participate in government decisions.

Unlimited government-a government that has no limits placed upon the power and authority of government.

Limited and Unlimited Government

Limited government-a government that has restraints placed upon the power and authority of government( Constitution and Bill of Rights)

In a limited government, citizens can participate in government decisions.( VOTE!)

Unlimited government-a government that has no limits placed upon the power and authority of government.(One person/one power!)(Individuals have no rights!)

Unlimited Government In an unlimited government:

› There is no limit to prevent the government from becoming a tyranny.

› The citizens have no rights and freedoms.› Citizens are expected to totally obey the

government and ruler.

› Lets listen to life in North Korea:› http://www.npr.org/2012/03/29/149061951/

escape-from-camp-14-inside-north-koreas-gulag

Lets Break down the story: On the back of your paper!

Is he treated the same as prisoners in this country?

Why is he in prison?

What did he do that he felt was right? Why?

OBJ: Students will understand the difference between Limited and Unlimited Government.

What is your life like today? What are five freedoms that you enjoy? What happens if drop something

important in school? How are you punished?

How is this life different then yours? Separate sheet of paper!

Compare and contrast life in a dictatorship(unlimited government) vs democracy( Limited Government) :

Paragraph one: What are you talking about? Introduction!

Two: Life in the United States Three: Life in North Korea Four: How is life alike and different

In Europe in the 1600s and 1700s, the absolute monarchies (ruled by kings or queens) were UNLIMITED governments.

There was no way to stop the governments from mistreating the citizens.

The absolute monarchies (monarchies in which the king/queen had all of the power) were based on the idea of divine right, or the idea that their power came directly from God.

Because of this, no one ever questioned their rule.

OBJ: Students will understand the difference between Limited and Unlimited Government.

Why did James want to get rid of Parliament?

I would like you to think of some way to make sure government does its job?

How can you make sure government stays Limited?

OBJ: Students will understand the difference between Limited and Unlimited Government.Students will begin their essay10/23/12

On your desk: Composition book, PBIS, Class Notes, Get your

composition book and notes. WARM UP!!! Label what each of the paragraphs will be about

in your outline.

French and Russian Absolute Monarchies

Louis XIV of France Peter I of Russia

Age of EnlightenmentStandard 7-2: The student will demonstrate an

understanding of the concepts of limited government and unlimited government as they functioned in

Europe in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.

Groups:Groups:Only the group leader is allowed to talk to the teacher.Group leaders need to ask everyone what facts they have and where they go on the outline!7-11 per paragraph.If some facts are missing or need checked 2 people can use the I pad.

Closing.

3 Things You Found Out

2 Interesting Things

1 Question You Still Have

Your Essay on Peter the Great or Louis XIV:

I.(5-7) Introduction( You king and did he believe in limited or unlimited government)a. Thesis

II.(7-11)Body Paragraph(About your Kings Life)a.Document support (1st Limited/Unlimited)

III.(7-11) Body Paragraph(What did he do for the country good and bad)a. Document support (2nd Limited/Unlimited)

IV.(7-11) Body Paragraph(Why did he believe in unlimited Government)a. Document support (3rd Limited/Unlimited)

V .(5-7) Conclusiona. Restate thesisb. Summarize

OBJ: Students will understand the difference between Limited and Unlimited Government.Students will explain the people who began the Scientific Revolution.

On your desk: Agenda book, PBIS, Class Notes, WARM UP!!! Please tell me about one change from England,

France or Russia that you have studied in the last 3 weeks: How did the change help or hurt the King?

What is the Scientific Method?

French and Russian Absolute Monarchies

Louis XIV of FranceWho was he?Where did he live?Palace of VersaillesWhy is he important?What did he tax?What problems did he face when he was king?Would you have liked to live in his country if you were rich or poor?

Peter I of RussiaWho was he?Where did he live?The HermitageWhy is he important?What did he tax?What problems did he face when he was king?Would you have liked to live in his country if you were rich or poor?

France and Russia had an unlimited government that put all of the power in the hands of the monarch.

These nations displayed their unlimited authority by:› Raising taxes› Dissolving, or getting rid of the legislative

(law-making) body› Using the military to enforce policies

Changes in Europe There were changes that began to take

place in Europe that restrained the power of government.

In 1215, King John signed the Magna Carta, or Great Charter, to show that the king was no longer above the law.

This led to the creation of constitutional monarchies, or monarchies that had to obey a constitution.

King John signs the Magna Carta

The Scientific Revolution STEPS OF THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD Analyze data Form a Hypothesis State the Problem Draw a Conclusion Gather Details on the Problem Conduct Experiments

The Scientific Revolution The Scientific Revolution began

because of advancements made in areas of science and math in the late 1500s and early 1600s.

After the Age of Exploration, new truths and research challenged previous ideas.

Scientists began questioning teachings of the Roman Catholic Church.

Ptolemy’s Theory

Copernicus’ Theory

OBJ: Students will understand the difference between Limited and Unlimited Government.Students will explain the people who began the Scientific Revolution.

On your desk: Agenda book, PBIS, Class Notes, WARM UP!!! Please tell me about one change from England,

France or Russia that you have studied in the last 3 weeks: How did the change help or hurt the King?

Taxed, Got rid of the elected Government, Enforced the laws with the army

What is the Scientific Method?

The scientists used reason, or the process of thinking things through carefully, rather than placing their beliefs in faith.

People first began questioning Ptolemy’s geocentric theory (the idea that the earth is the center of the universe and everything revolves around it).

Nicolas Copernicus believed in a heliocentric theory, or the idea that the sun was the center of the universe.

Galileo and Newton

Galileo Newton

Bacon and Descartes

Bacon Descartes

Galileo also believed in a heliocentric theory and confirmed it using a telescope.

Isaac Newton came up with the laws of gravity which also challenged old theories.

The Scientific Method also established a series of steps to find proof. It was developed by Francis Bacon and Rene Descartes.

This procedure included: begin with a question, form a hypothesis, test it, and analyze the data.

Conflicts Between Science and Religion

There was a major conflict between religious thought and scientific thought during this time.

Theories and books that were published caused this conflict.

The Bible, as the Roman Catholic Church interpreted it, served as the authority for society before science.

Because new books were published on these theories, the Catholic Church felt threatened by this because their authority was on the line.

Galileo, a Catholic, was forced to stop his teachings and admit he was wrong about the heliocentric theory, or he would be excommunicated.

He was put on house arrest for heresy, or going against church teachings.

Application: How did science influence the church and

government during the Scientific Revolution? Why? Please explain in 3-5 sentences?________________________________________________

Closing: 3 Things You Found Out

2 Interesting Things

1 Question You Still Have:

Read 245-248

Turn in: HW, Essay, Classnotes, Scientist Head

OBJ: Students will understand the difference between Limited and Unlimited Government.Students will explain the people who began the Scientific Revolution.

On your desk: Agenda book, PBIS, Class Notes, WARM UP!!!: What is the Enlightenment?

The Enlightenment The Enlightenment was an intellectual

movement of the 17th and 18th centuries (1600s and 1700s).

It was a time when people used reason to better understand and improve society.

Politics was the main area where reason was applied.

Absolutism, or the idea that absolute or total power was in the hands of the rulers, was how most governments operated at this time.

The Enlightenment challenged this belief.

The idea of a state of nature, or the thought of life without government was used by Enlightenment philosophers.

The idea of a social contract, or an agreement between rulers and the people, was also an important idea of this time.

Research: First column: Please tell me what the person wrote: What they wrote about:

Second Column: How was what they wrote about part of

the enlightenment: How was it different then absolutism:

John Locke John Locke was an Enlightenment

philosopher from England who was influenced by a time known as the Glorious Revolution.

Locke saw the state of nature as good and a social contract as a voluntary agreement to make life better.

He believed all humans were born with natural rights (life, liberty, right to own property).

Locke said that the social contract was an agreement between citizens and the government and it was the government’s responsibility to protect those rights.

He said if the government did not protect these rights, then the people could break the contract by getting rid of the current government and setting up a new one.

This led to the idea of the consent of the governed, or the belief that a government gets it’s approval, or consent from the people.

He influenced Thomas Jefferson when he wrote the Declaration of Independence

Jean-Jacques Rousseau Jean-Jacques Rousseau of France

shared Locke’s beliefs about state of nature, but he said society corrupts people and the government protect the general will of the people.

This means the government should do what the majority of the people want.

This would go along with the idea of a limited government.

Rousseau and Locke’s ideas led to the idea of popular sovereignty, or the idea that governments get their power from what the citizens want.

Strangely, Rousseau’s ideas influenced totalitarian governments.

OBJ: Students will understand the difference between Limited and Unlimited Government.Students will explain the Enlightenment.

On your desk: Agenda book, PBIS, Class Notes, WARM UP!!!: What is the Enlightenment.

You need your book.

QUOTATIONS FROM THE ENLIGHTENMENT

“Without government life would be, “solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short.” Thomas Hobbes

“I disagree with everything that you say but I will defend to the death your right to say it.” Voltaire

“Man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains.” Rousseau

“Power should be a check to power.” Montesquieu

“All peaceful beginnings of government have been laid in the consent of the people.” John Locke

Baron de Montesquieu Baron de Montesquieu of France focused

on government organization by promoting the ideas of separation of powers and checks and balances.

Separation of powers means that each branch of government would have separate but equal amounts of power.

Checks and balances means that each branch has powers that “check” each other.

Legislative branch-law making body; Parliament or Congress

Executive branch-enforces laws and signs bills; President or King

Judicial branch-makes sure laws are constitutional; Supreme Court

All of these ideas are in the US Constitution.

Voltaire Voltaire of France focused on civil

liberties like freedom of speech and freedom of religion.

He disliked people not having the freedom to choose their own religion and he supported a separation of church and state.

Getting Ahead with a Philosopher!

Please tell me about EACH the Philosophers we have studied.

Please give me EACH of the Philosophers names and the most important Idea they had.

Finally tell me what the most important of the idea is and WHY.(CHOOSE ONE TO EXPLAIN WHY IT IS IMPORTANT) Read 245-248 (3-5 sentences!!!!!)

John Locke Jean-Jacques Rousseau Baron de Montesquieu Voltaire Thomas Hobbes

Application: What ideas about government were introduced by

Locke, Montesquieu, and Rousseau? Why are they important?

7-11 sentences. ________________________________________________ Closing: 3 Things You Found Out

2 Interesting Things

1 Question You Still Have:

HW Study Progress report Book tomorrow

Your Essay on Peter the Great or Louis XIV:

I.(5-7) Introduction( Your king and did he believe in limited or unlimited government)a. Thesis

II.(7-11)Body Paragraph(About your Kings Life)a.Document support (1st Limited/Unlimited)5-7 specific facts

III.(7-11) Body Paragraph(What did he do for the country good and bad)a. Document support (2nd Limited/Unlimited)5-7 specific facts

IV.(7-11) Body Paragraph(Why did he believe in unlimited Government)a. Document support (3rd Limited/Unlimited)5-7 specific facts

V .(5-7) Conclusiona. Restate thesisb. Summarize

English Civil War The English Civil War was a struggle

between the people represented by Parliament and the monarch.

Parliament wanted King Charles I to allow Parliament to make decisions on laws, which would limit the powers of the king. This challenged divine right.

All of this “drama” had been going on since Charles I’s father James I had ruled.

Parliament wanted more input in the government because this went along with the Magna Carta.

Charles, just like his father James, refused to let Parliament meet.

He locked them out of Parliament (Eleven Years Tyranny).

Parliament and Charles also argued over issues related to raising money by collecting taxes and allowing people to buy titles.

Example: John Hampden, a member of Parliament, refused to pay a tax called the “Ship Tax” because Parliament hadn’t agreed on it. He was put on trial and found guilty.

Oliver Cromwell

In 1642, Charles sent soldiers to arrest five members of Parliament that didn’t like him.

Civil War broke out between supporters of Charles I, called Royalists, and the supporters of Parliament, led by Oliver Cromwell and his “New Model Army.”

Charles I surrendered in 1646, but escaped in 1647.

Civil War resumed and the Royalists were defeated again.

Execution of Charles I

Charles II

Charles I was tried for charges of abuses of power against Parliament and the people.

He was found guilty and beheaded. Charles II, Charles I’s son, began

trying to get power in Scotland while Oliver Cromwell ruled over England.

Charles II tried to takeover England and failed.

Cromwell died and his son took over as “lord protector”. He was a weak leader and resigned.

James II/William and Mary

James II William and Mary

Charles II was invited to come to the throne and when he died, his brother James II took over.

James II was Catholic, and Protestant leaders were afraid of this.

William of Orange, king of Scotland, was a Protestant and married to James II’s daughter, Mary.

William came to England with an army and James fled.

William and Mary became the king and queen.

The Glorious Revolution The Glorious Revolution was when

William and Mary came to the throne. Parliament arranged for William and

Mary to sign the English Bill of Rights, which promoted a limited government in England and the monarch had to share power with Parliament.

OBJ: Students will understand the difference between Limited and Unlimited Government.Students will explain the origins of the Constitution.11/14/12

On your desk: Agenda book, PBIS, Class Notes, WARM UP!!!: Tell me about one philosopher and why

they were important? Does the USA use what this philosopher said in its constitution?

You need your book.

Book: Read 249-252 What happened during the American

Revolution? How does it relate to the ideas of

peoples rights and Government we have talked about?

Book: Read 249-252 What happened during the American

Revolution? Revolted against England because of

taxation and no representation in Parliament

How does it relate to the ideas of peoples rights and Government we have talked about?

Montiseque, Hobbes, Locke ideas used to set up government, use a social contract, and give people rights

Inspiration from the Enlightenment

The American Revolution was inspired by the Enlightenment.

The French Revolution (next unit) was inspired by the Enlightenment and the success of the American Revolution.

Both led to the formation of limited governments and served as models for the world.

Thomas Jefferson, writer of the Declaration of Independence, used a lot of Locke’s ideas.

He argued that the colonists were rebelling because their rights had been violated.

After gaining independence, the US Constitution also used Enlightenment ideas to set up a new limited government.

Taxation without representation.

OBJ: Students will understand the difference between Limited and Unlimited Government.Students will explain the origins of the Constitution.11/15/12

On your desk: Agenda book, PBIS, Class Notes, WARM UP!!!: On the back of your review question

sheet. What is the US Constitution? What are the 3 branches of government in the

USA?

You need your book.

The US Constitution

Constitutions A constitution is the law which

establishes the structure and operation of government and details the relationship of the people to their government.

The role of a constitution is to place limits on the government's power by outlining what powers the government does or does not have, or what the government can or cannot do.

Constitutions:› Provide the framework for the operation of

the 3 branches› Establishes the relationship between the

national and local/state governments› Defines the relationship of government to

citizens and rights of citizens Each of these qualities come from

different philosopher’s ideas. The constitution requires citizen

responsibility in electing representatives and becoming representatives.

The Bill of Rights in our Constitution protects individual rights (Locke and Voltaire).

The US Constitution includes 3 branches of government (Montesquieu).

Our nation does what is best for the majority of the people (Rousseau).

Types of Constitutions Written Constitution:

› Single, written document› US had the first one

Unwritten Constitution› A collection of documents over time› Great Britain has this (We took a lot of ideas from it.)

Positive Constitution› Gives a government power› Centers on roles and responsibilities of government

Negative Constitution› Focuses on limitations, or takes away a government’s power› US has this type