Presentation:Organization of Islamic Co-Operation(OIC)

MUHAMMAD JAHANGIRM.SC. PCS 1ST SEMESTERNUML

Outlines…

• ORIGIN AND FOUNDING OF THE OIC• ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE OF THE OIC• AIMS OF THE OIC• PRINCIPLES OF THE OIC• A CHRONOLOGY OF KEY EVENTS OF OIC• ACHIEVEMENTS• WEAKNESSES OF OIC• COMPARISON WITH SAARC• CONCLUSION

ORIGIN AND FOUNDING OF THE OIC

• THE ORGANIZATION OF ISLAMIC COOPERATION IS THE 2ND LARGEST ORGANIZATION AFTER THE UNITED NATIONS ORGANIZATION. IT WAS FORMED ON SEPTEMBER 25, 1969 IN RESPONSE TO FIRE-RAISING ATTACK ON MOSQUE AL AQSA IN JERUSALEM BY ZIONIST EXTREMIST.

• THE ORGANIZATION OF ISLAMIC COOPERATION (OIC) IS AN INTERGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION WITH A STRONG RELIGIOUS ELEMENT THAT REGROUPS 57 MUSLIM OR PREDOMINANTLY MUSLIM MEMBER STATES. • ITS PRIORITIES ARE PROMOTING THE INTERESTS OF MUSLIM

COMMUNITIES ACROSS THE WORLD AND FIGHTING ISLAMOPHOBIA, ESPECIALLY IN THE WESTERN WORLD.

• IT IS FINANCED BY CONTRIBUTIONS AND DONATIONS OF ITS MEMBERS. • ANY MEMBER STATE MAY WITHDRAW FROM THE ISLAMIC CONFERENCE BY

SENDING A WRITTEN NOTIFICATION TO THE SECRETARIAT GENERAL, TO BE COMMUNICATED TO ALL MEMBER STATES.

• THE 57 MEMBERS OF THE OIC ARE: AFGHANISTAN, ALBANIA, ALGERIA, AZERBAIJAN, BAHRAIN, BANGLADESH, BENIN, BURKINA FASO, BRUNEI, CAMEROON, CHAD, COMOROS, CÔTE D'IVOIRE, DJIBOUTI, EGYPT, GABON, GAMBIA, GUINEA, GUINEA-BISSAU, GUYANA, INDONESIA, IRAN, IRAQ, JORDAN, KUWAIT, KAZAKHSTAN, KYRGYZSTAN, LEBANON, LIBYA, MALDIVES, MALAYSIA, MALI, MAURITANIA, MOROCCO, MOZAMBIQUE, NIGER, NIGERIA, OMAN, PAKISTAN, PALESTINE, QATAR, SAUDI ARABIA, SENEGAL, SIERRA LEONE, SOMALIA, SUDAN, SURINAM, SYRIA, TAJIKISTAN, TURKEY, TUNISIA, TOGO, TURKMENISTAN, UGANDA, UZBEKISTAN, UNITED ARAB EMIRATES, YEMEN.

BESIDES MEMBERS THERE ARE CERTAIN STATES AND ORGANIZATIONS WITH OBSERVER STATUS:

• Observer states are: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Central African Republic, Russia and Thailand.

• Observer Muslim organizations are: Moro National Liberation Front, Turkish Cypriot State.

• Observer international organizations are: Economic Cooperation Organization, African Union, League of Arab States, Non-Aligned Movement, and the United Nations.

Organizational structure of the OIC• In order to achieve its objectives, the Organization has main organs,

secondary organs, committees and specialized institutions.

• Main Organs:

The Conference of Kings and Heads of State and Government .

The Conference of Foreign Ministers.

The General Secretariat.

• Beside the above main organs, there are several standing committees and specialized institutions;

Standing Committees;

The Al-Quds Committee

The Standing Committee for Information and Cultural Affairs.

The Standing Committee for Economic and Trade Cooperation.

The Standing Committee for Scientific and Technical Cooperation.

The Islamic Peace Committee.

Specialized institutionsThe number and types of secondary organs and institutions, working toward the achievement of the OIC objectives, have been steadily increasing, and cover various areas of cultural, scientific, economic, legal, financial, sports, technological, educational, media, as well as vocational, social and humanitarian. Depending on their degree of autonomy vis-à-vis the parent organization, they are classified as subsidiary and specialized organs, or affiliated institutions. To-date, four specialized institutions have been established and they are located in different capitals and cities in the Islamic World;

Islamic Development Bank

Islamic Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization

Islamic States Broadcasting Organization

AIMS OF THE OICEnhance and consolidate the bonds of fraternity and solidarity among the

Member States.

Safeguard and protect the common interests and support the legitimate causes of the Member States and coordinate and unify the efforts of the Member States in view of the challenges faced by the Islamic world in particular and the international community in general.

Respect the right of self-determination and non-interference in the domestic affairs and to respect sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity of each Member State.

Ensure active participation of the Member States in the global political, economic and social decision-making processes to secure their common interests

Reaffirm its support for the rights of peoples as stipulated in the UN Charter and international law.

Strengthen intra-Islamic economic and trade cooperation; in order to achieve economic integration leading to the establishment of an Islamic Common Market.

Exert efforts to achieve sustainable and comprehensive human development and economic well-being in Member States.

Protect and defend the true image of Islam, to combat defamation of Islam and encourage dialogue among civilizations and religions.

Enhance and develop science and technology and encourage research and cooperation among Member States in these fields

PRINCIPLES OF THE OIC

Total equality between Member States.

Respect of the right of self-determination, and non-interference in the domestic affairs of Member States.

Respect of the sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity of each Member States.

Settlement of any conflict that may arise by peaceful means such as negotiation, mediation, reconciliation or arbitration.

Abstention from the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity, national unity or political independence of any Member States.

A chronology of key events of OIC

1979 - Egypt suspended from OIC after signing peace agreement with Israel.

1981 - OIC summit calls for broad struggle "for the liberation of Jerusalem and the occupied territories", including an economic boycott of Israel; general agreement for economic, technical and commercial cooperation comes into force. 1982 - OIC foreign ministers resolve to create Islamic offices for boycotting Israel and for military cooperation with the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO).

1984 - Egypt readmitted.

1987 - OIC summit resolves that Islamic Peace Committee should make efforts to prevent the sale of military hardware to Iraq and Iran; requests holding of UN summit to define international terrorism and to differentiate it from legitimate struggle for freedom.

1990 - OIC condemns Iraq's invasion of Kuwait and demands the withdrawal of Iraqi troops.

1993 - OIC calls on UN Security Council to remove arms embargo against Bosnian Muslims in order to allow them to defend themselves against Bosnian Serbs; OIC members pledge 80 million dollars in emergency assistance for Muslims affected by the war in Bosnia; seven OIC states commit themselves to providing up to 17,000 troops to the UN peacekeeping force in Bosnia (UNPROFOR).

1991 - OIC calls on UN Security Council to take all necessary steps against Serbia and Montenegro, including military intervention, in order to protect Bosnian Muslims.

1994 - OIC summit proclaims UN arms embargo on Bosnia- Herzegovina null and void as far as the Muslim authorities there were concerned.

1995 - OIC foreign and defense ministers endorse the creation of an "assistance mobilization group" to supply military, economic, and other assistance to Bosnia-Hercegovina.

1999 - OIC decides to send humanitarian aid to Kosovar Albanian refugees.

2000 - OIC summit pledges solidarity with Palestinian people and accuses Israel of large-scale systematic violations of Palestinian human rights.

2001 September - OIC condemns the September 11 terrorist attacks against the US, describing them as "barbaric and criminal".

2001 October - OIC emergency session held in Qatar to discuss September 11 attacks and US strikes against Taliban in Afghanistan. Delegates urge Washington not to target other countries in its campaign against terrorism.

2002 February - OIC rejects US President George W Bush's assertion that member countries Iran and Iraq are part of an "axis of evil".

Achievements

In 1970 when a conflict broke out between Jordan and Palestine Liberation Organization, the Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Naseer and Saudi Arabia’s King Faisal jointly led the Organization of Islamic Cooperation and the Arab League initiative to resolve the clash.

In 1974, the conflict between the newly formed Bangladesh and Pakistan was successfully solved by the Organization.

The organization of Islamic Cooperation leadership also gained confidence on the issue of Ramadan War in 1973 against Israel. OIC leadership also successfully solved the issue of oil restriction against the supporters of Israel in 1974.

The Organization also adopted various resolutions declaring the Jihad in numerous fields against the Israeli occupation of Palestine land and to force Israel to follow the United Nation resolutions on the matter.

Weaknesses of OIC

The OIC fails to establish a Peaceful Muslim world;Failure of establishing a security and peaceful Muslim world: Considering of what

kind of goal, OIC established in 1967 for the Muslim world, it has become totally failure to fulfill of those goal.

The crisis of Palestine; It has been saying since the establishment of OIC that, to give Arabian right, to

establish Arabian rule in Jerusalem, to give the right for the Palestine peoples and abdicate from Arabian land which was grabbed by Israel but OIC couldn’t do anything for the Muslim world except passing a few regulations.

Afghanistan crisis; OIC played a minimum role by giving support of ethical and materialism to

Afghanistan during the Soviet Aggression.

Failure of advancement economic and build up relation; since the establishment OIC has taken few steps to build infrastructure of economic

and to increase economic cooperation between the member states of OIC.

Except these crises OIC has more failure like Balkan crisis, Gulf crisis, Egypt crisis and Libya crisis as well as Syria crisis OIC is playing minor role to mitigate of these crises.

COMPARISON WITH SAARC

Conclusion

All the summit conferences clearly shows that the prime objective of O.I.C is to promote greater harmony and co-operation amongst the Muslim world and to protect their interest in international system. It is also aimed at the Islamic countries and to create co-operation amongst them in these spheres. The O.I.C also stood for the fraternal feelings which had existed for centuries amongst the Muslims of the world.