------------------------------------------------------------------<>"~,,O(llC~l 0'0 OHIO

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, 19 6 \ aOOllll~YAn Affiliate (1963) of the Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG)

IVolume 35, Number 5 ., TheNewsletter ofthe OhiO;.GeoIogicalSociety~_

FROM OUR PRESIDENT. ..

The January meeting was very well attended by OGSMembers and students from Ohio State and WrightState, Dr. Handford's lecture gave all of us an excellentinsight of paleokarst reservoirs. Although, Dr.Handford's examples of cave systems and karstenvironments may have been on a larger scale, it is stillapplicable to our Post-Knox unconformity reservoirs.Talking with Dr. Handford during dinner, I found itsurprising that he didn't realize that Paleokarstreservoirs were actively being explored in Ohio, I wishwe would have had some log samples and seismic linesfor Beekmantown or Trempealeau wells to give him abetter understanding of our paleokarst explorationtargets. . .

Now on to some Executive notices. The NominatingCommittee has informed me that they have filled theslate of officers and trustees to be elected in May.Thank you to those who volunteered to become officersand trustees of the OGS. I mentioned at the Januarymeeting that the Society is seeking A.A.P.G. delegates.I stand corrected Jim Noel and James Collinson are thepresent delegates with the alternates being MarkBaranoski and Carl Heinrich. Their terms will expire in1997.

Monthly Meeting - February 19, 1996

ODNR Conference Room - Building E

Meeting Time: 7:30 p.m,

Dinner @ 5:00 p.m. at Don Pablos on St. Rt. 161

1777 E. Dublin-Granville Road

Monthly Speaker - Bryan L. RothAbstract -

The variety of Rose Run trap styles has outgrownsimple interpretation on a black-and-white paperseismic section. A Rose Run remnant (or what lookslike a remnant?) is easily identified with moderatelygood quality seismic data, but the critical details of theprospect remain concealed within the seismic data.The key to greater drilling success in the Rose Runplay is to first understand the geology, relate thegeology to the seismic data, and then interpret thatdata to exploit the concealed details within by usingadvanced seismic interpretation techniques.

The advanced seismic interpretation process beginswith quality seismic acquisition and processing.Acquisition and processing should be designed on thesignal and for high frequency content. The second stepis to phase-correct the seismic data and, if applicable,enhance frequencies (whiten data) using interpretivewavelet processing that requires a sonic log. A soniclog provides reflection coefficients which are used tocorrect for phase (and reflection identification inwildcat areas). Once the correct phase is established,the amplitude spectra are analyzed for frequencyrange and balance. The amplitude spectra are easilywhitened if the seismic data contain high frequenciesand is not high-frequency cut. After identification andinterpretation of key reflectors is complete, isochrongraphing is compared to known geology and canindicate thickening or thinning of rock section at theKnox Unconformity. Next, analysis of individual

Continued on Page 2..

Abstract contin ued from Page 1...

Next, analysis of individual reflectors is performed to enhance details in seismic waveform and amplitude.Waveforms exhibit different charac.er with different frequencies and with different geology and can provideclues to formation thickness and geologic sequence. Detailed wavelet character is interpreted by understandingthe relationship of the local geology to the seismic information, regional geology and the frequency content ofthe seismic data. Amplitude graphs support lithology interpretations and can indicate changes in reservoirporosity and fluid/gas content. Time picks from reflection interpretations are then used to construct time-structure maps of two or more seismic lines and show local and/or regional geological relationship betweenremnants. Time picks are also used to show 2-D seismic anomaly shapes and are interpreted for clues topaleotopography and remnant trends (important for guiding lease andseismic programs). Rose Run seismicanomalies typically exhibit a low-angle dip slope (backside) and an escarpment face (frontside). Finally,detailed seismic modeling is the answer for questions concerning seismic anomalies, detailed seismic character,and amplitude tuning.

From your Program Chairman ...

Here's a little something loosely based on a cross between Cooper Thompson's Pipeline magazine interview,OOGA's member interviews, and Playboy magazine's centerfold (the back of it). You know, where they listtheir favorite actors, books, movies ...

Quick Look: Five Questions for our Speaker

OGS: What's the most common mistake companies make using seismic in exploration?Roth: The most basi..c. error is a lack of good basemaps showing well locations, geology, and seismic lines.

The bi22est error is interpreting seismic using only visual techniques with paper sections and not usingcomputer technology. The second biggest error is not running sonic logs to make synthetics. This playis slightly seismic oriented.

OGS: What technology or application appears the most promising for seismic interpretation in Ohio?Roth: I know what the answer is but I'm not sure I want to give it Just kidding. I would say 1) 3D seismic

2) wavelet processing 3) computer interpretation techniques e.g. isochroning, structural mapping etc.

OGS: Why did you move back to Ohio?Roth: No, I wasn't fired. I left Amoco International Production Co. because I was disappointed in the lack of

involvement I had in the complete exploration process; because of the opportunities in Ohio; and toescape Houston.

OGS: What's the best part of working in the Appalachian Basin?Roth: The challenge of the subtle trap.

OGS: What would you do if you were King?Roth: Make everybody spell Geophysicist with a capital G.

· ....• ..,.",., ...,........ .....

MORROW COIJNTY, OHIOh,PIL BOOM"; 1961-1967 andTHE CAMBRO:ORIiOVICIAN RES:ERV6IR"OF"'C'EN'TRAL OHIO..... ~:; ~;£.

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;, THE ANtHOLOGY NEEDS YOUR HELP.::::::: .;; ';: /

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The Ohio Geological Society membership has supported the.Anthology endeavor very well.I cannot imagine that we have a member amongst.us whodQ~ not own a copy (although Imust admit Ih~ve not cross refere~s~~:l'mylists. to ,identify sueli~~person, you know whdj~ouare, don't mak~.me filldyou).····""·+::" " \ .' \", ·ii:.

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WHEREAS: /t 'OGS.!.~~so14:~~Q,()ftheJ:OOO Anthol,o~i~~.:prmt~;:·

WHERE -,'," ' ",,:,::.'"'''''' .,,,,-,..,,'..

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oAnlocado no$55.00The Ohio'more informa

ete MacKenzie 614/888-9588

J. E. BARKDULL & ASSOC.PETROLEUM CONSULTANTS

107 Merryhill Street 0 Marietta, Ohio 45750Phone: (614) 374-2627 0 Fax: (614) 374-2627

ASPECTS OF UNBIASED AND BIASEDCONTOURING OF GEOLOGICAL DATA

BY HUMAN AND MACHINE OEERATORS

Part 2by

Jim Barkdull

I am pleased to report the high level of interest in Part I of this little exercise andconcomitant reader response. The maps I have received show extremely contrasting versionsparticularly with respect to the locations of highs and lows. This will be a good demonstrationof the relative magnitude of variation in estimates that can occur without violating the control.I look forward to more Part I submittals, but in the best interest of time we can now begin withPart 2. Part I involved the representative (unbiased) contouring of an unknown surface in anattempt to depict the most likely configuration. Part 2 will involve interpretive (biased)contouring. Contouring in this mode is biased since estimates of surface values are largelygoverned by the operator's prior experience related to the surface or to additional dataindependent information. As an example, if the data represent the contact at the base of abraided stream channel deposit and the regional trend of the channel system was previouslyknown, the likely interpretation would mimic or replicate the regional trend on a local basis.If the same data set were known to represent pinnacle reefs developed on a carbonate platform,another interpretation would result. There are several members who have experience in the GulfCoast and I might ask them for a sale dome interpretation. .

. I will now propose two models for your consideration and you are welcome to submitboth. The are Pinnacle Reefs on Platform Interpretation and The Post-Knox UnconformityPaleotopographic Surface (someplace in Ohio as developed on a carbonate terrain-eitherthe Upper Copper Ridge or Beekmantown).

Later, if you can make the time, we should look at some submittals contoured by yourmachines--I think you will be surprised, if you do this, at how much better your hand-contouredbiased or unbiased interpretations appear. Lastly, remember, that your interpretation is yoursalone. As it might contrast with the interpretations of your peers, it is equally legitimate (withrespect to the data control).

Thanks in advance for your continuing interest and participation. As Martha said,Contouring is a good thing".

Jim

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'~ SO«l:llmTY

SOCIETY INFORMATION & APPLICATION FORM DATE:-----

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Mailing Address (Please CHECK which address you want your NEWSLETTER sent)

L-J Business Address:Company Name:__________ Title: _Street, P.O. Box Phone _City , State Zip _

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Interpretive 1. Pinnacle Reefs on Platform2. Post Knox Unconformity - OhioContouring

.·650 - -1150

• ·800

--900 --750

-·800 -1150·

·1000 •.·650

··900 •·1200

--700

J. E. Barkdull & Assoc. 12/95 Contour Interval = 100' Scale: 1· = 2000'

This model map is to evaluate comparative degrees of variation in human andmachine contouring both from map to map and between various portions of thesame map. The data are elevations. of the top of some geologic unit. The objectiveof interpretive contouring is to depict what the most likely form of the surface isbased on your understanding of its geometry and trend.

1996 Eastern Section AAPG MeetingOctober 13-15, 1996

Charleston, West Virginia

Twenty-fifth Anniversary Meeting

Silver Ideas, Golden Prospects

Hosted by Appalachian Geological Society and West Virginia Geological Survey

Call Katharine Lee Avary for papers and more information @ 304-594-2331

PAPERS ARE DUE MARCH 1, 1996

Alan Jacobs has organized a 9-day field trip to the volcanoes of southern Italy(Versuvius, Stromboli, Lipari, Vulcano, and Mt. Etna) leaving June 13, 1996. Thecost, including airfare, hotels, bus and cruise, meals, etc. is approximately $2,200per person. Space is still available. For a brochure, contact Alan at 412-793-6944(telephone), 793-6115 (fax), or AJacobs323@aol.com.

ARE YOUR DUES DUE?

OGS dues, when paid, cover the organizational year, beginning this past September.The dues do not run through the calendar year, as previously thought by manymembers. If OGS does not receive your 1995-96 dues by February 29, then youwill be dropped from the mailing list and the 1996 Membership directory. This isyour LAST ISSUE as a non-member.

Celebrati~150 Years ..

-1770 IndianoJa Av«.Columbus, Ollio -Ill U

(6U) 888-95881-800-686-U; 7

~AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAr~ ~: EASTERN MICROBES, INC~. ~: ·'.Imhori:ed Appalachian Bm:in Distributor ~~ ~: • Increase Oil and Gas Production ~~ • Reduce Paraffin II. Emulsion problems ~: • Lower Monthly Operating Costs ~~ • Replace Tolulene Treatments ~: • Non Toxic. All Organic Products ~~ ~~ - Call Tod.l~for Details - ~~ 1-800-192-10tl or FAX (5lJ) 898-3869 ~~. ~~~••••••••••••• y.y.y••••••yy.~

Publications

Janssens. A . I <)70 Guidebook to the Middle Devonian rocks of North-central Ohio. 30 p (M: $2.00) (NM: $2.50)

Kahle. C F. and Flo\'d. J C. 1972. Geology of Silw:ian rocks. northwestern Ohio' Field Trip Guide Book for FirstAnnual Mccung, [astern Section American Association of Petroleum Geologists. Columbus. Ohio. 91 p. (M: $6.00)

(NM $700)

Ohio Geological SOClCty.1977. Seminar on industrial self-help programs for natural gas supplies, 55 p., 15 figs., 1table (M $300) (NM s 350)

Ohio Geological Society. 1985. Clinton sandstone papers presented at the Ohio Oil and Gas Association WinterMecungs 1961 to 1978 (Abridged repnnt of 1980 volume), 228 p. (M: S20.00) (NM S25.00)

Ohio Geological Society. 1985. The new Clinton collection-1985. 2nd printing, 243 p. Also included in this edition isthe Ohio Geological Society, 1986 transcript: Deeper Clinton-Medina drilling in southeastern Ohio, from an OhioGeological Society meeting held March 24, 1986 in Marietta, Ohio, 14 p. (M: S20.00) (NM: $25.00)

Ohio Geological Society, 1987, Principles of seismic exploration, a collection of papers from a seminar presented atthe 1987 AAPG Eastern Section Meeting, Colwnbus, Ohio. out of print

Ohio Geological Society, 1987, Computer-aided analysis of geologic data, a collection of papers from a seminarpresented at the 1987 AAPG·Eastern Section Meeting, Columbus, Ohio. (N: $12.00) (NM: $ 15.00)

She arrow, G. G., 1987, Maps and cross sections of the Cambrian and Lower Ordovician of central Ohio, 31 p., 8 plates«(1.1: s 10.00) (NM: SI2.oo)

Ohio Geological Society, 1993, An update on Ohio's subsurface geology: Proceedings from the October 1993 specialmeeting held in Canton, Ohio. 11 papers. (M: $20.00) (NM: $25.00)

Ohio Geological Society, 1994, The Ohio Geological Society Anthology, the Morrow County, Ohio "Oil Boom"1961-1967 and the Cambro-Ordovician reservoir of central Ohio. 452 p. (M: $55.00) (NM: $65.00)

Ohio Geological Society, 1994, Major natural gas plays of the Appalachian basin and surrounding areas: Proceedingsfrom the October 1994 special meeting held in Canton, Ohio. 11 papers. (M: $20.00) (NM: $25.00)

To order the above in print publications, make check payable to the Ohio Geological Society, PO Box 14322,Columbus, Ohio 43214. M=member, NM=nonrnember

OffICe (614) 34~1HSFax (614) 349·1814

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February 1996 Issue Next Meeting February 19, 1996