California Education and the Environment InitiativeVisual Aids

On the Move

History-Social Science Standard

1.4.2.

Supports ELA Standard:Reading 1.2.6.

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California Education and the Environment InitiativeApproved by the California State Board of Education, 2010

The Education and the Environment Initiative Curriculum is a cooperative endeavor of the following entities:California Environmental Protection Agency

California Natural Resources Agency

California State Board of Education

California Department of Education

Department of Resources Recycling and Recovery (CalRecycle)

Key Partners:Special thanks to Heal the Bay, sponsor of the EEI law, for their partnership

and participation in reviewing portions of the EEI curriculum.

Valuable assistance with maps, photos, videos and design was provided by the

National Geographic Society under a contract with the State of California.

Office of Education and the Environment1001 I Street • Sacramento, California 95814 • (916) 341-6769

http://www.CaliforniaEEI.org

© Copyright 2011 by the California Environmental Protection Agency© 2013 Second Edition

All rights reserved. This publication, or parts thereof, may not be used or reproduced without

permission from the Office of Education and the Environment.

These materials may be reproduced by teachers for educational purposes.

Lesson 1 Moving On Land

1 Past-To-Present 3

Lesson 2 Boats, Planes, and Trains

None required for this lesson

Lesson 3 Getting There

2 Story of a Road: Walking Path 4

3 Story of a Road: Horse Trail 5

4 Story of a Road: Wagon Trail 6

5 Story of a Road: Early Road and Rail 7

6 Story of a Road: Modern Road and Rail 8

7 Story of a Road: The Highway 9

Lesson 4 Ways and Means

8 USPS 10

9 Story of the Mail: Sending Letters 11

10 Story of the Mail: The Stagecoach 12

11 Story of the Mail: Across State Lines 13

12 Story of the Mail: Horse Power 14

13 Story of the Mail: The Way Station 15

14 Story of the Mail: Resting and Eating 16

15 Story of the Mail: A Long Trip 17

16 Story of the Mail: The Pony Express 18

17 Story of the Mail: A Relay Race 19

Contents

18 Story of the Mail: Engine Power 20

19 Gas Station 21

Lesson 5 Short and Long Trips

20 Going the Distance: Page 1 22

21 Going the Distance: Page 2 23

CALIFORNIA EDUCATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT INITIATIVE I Unit 1.4.2. I On the Move I Visual Aids 3

Past-To-Present

Visual Aid

Instructions: Match the photographs of past and present vehicles. (2 points each)

VA #1 Past-To-Present

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Past Present

4 CALIFORNIA EDUCATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT INITIATIVE I Unit 1.4.2. I On the Move I Visual Aids

Story of a Road: Walking Path

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VA #2 Story of a Road: Walking Path

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CALIFORNIA EDUCATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT INITIATIVE I Unit 1.4.2. I On the Move I Visual Aids 5

Story of a Road: Horse Trail

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VA #3 Story of a Road: Horse Trail

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6 CALIFORNIA EDUCATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT INITIATIVE I Unit 1.4.2. I On the Move I Visual Aids

Story of a Road: Wagon Trail

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VA #4 Story of a Road: Wagon Trail

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CALIFORNIA EDUCATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT INITIATIVE I Unit 1.4.2. I On the Move I Visual Aids 7

Story of a Road: Early Road and Rail

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VA #5 Story of a Road: Early Road and Rail

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8 CALIFORNIA EDUCATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT INITIATIVE I Unit 1.4.2. I On the Move I Visual Aids

Story of a Road: Modern Road and Rail

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VA #6 Story of a Road: Modern Road and Rail

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CALIFORNIA EDUCATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT INITIATIVE I Unit 1.4.2. I On the Move I Visual Aids 9

Story of a Road: The Highway

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VA #7 Story of a Road: The Highway

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10 CALIFORNIA EDUCATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT INITIATIVE I Unit 1.4.2. I On the Move I Visual Aids

USPS

Visual Aid

VA #8 USPS

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CALIFORNIA EDUCATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT INITIATIVE I Unit 1.4.2. I On the Move I Visual Aids 11

Story of the Mail: Sending Letters

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VA #9 Story of the Mail: Sending Letters

Many years ago, people living in California got their mail only about once a month. They wanted it more often. They also wanted the mail to come faster.

12 CALIFORNIA EDUCATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT INITIATIVE I Unit 1.4.2. I On the Move I Visual Aids

Story of the Mail: The Stagecoach

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VA #10 Story of the Mail: The Stagecoach

John Butterfield started a stagecoach company that carried the mail faster. The stagecoach carried people and other things, too.

CALIFORNIA EDUCATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT INITIATIVE I Unit 1.4.2. I On the Move I Visual Aids 13

Story of the Mail: Across State Lines

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VA #11 Story of the Mail: Across State Lines

The Butterfield Stagecoach ran from St. Louis, Missouri to San Francisco, California. It made this trip two times each week. This map shows the stagecoach route connecting St. Louis and San Francisco.

Butterfield Overland Mail & Other Stage Lines 1850s–1860s

Stage LinesButterfield Overland MailOther RoutesCities

Mountain Passes

Warner’s Ranch

VallecitoFort Yuma

Carrizo

San Diego

San Felipe

Ft.Tejon

Cajon Pass

San Luis Obispo

San Miguel

Visalia

Fresno

MariposaCounterville

ColumbiaJackson

Stockton

San Francisco

Los Angeles

TucsonFranklin (El Paso)

Ft. Chadboume

Calbert’s Ferry

Ft. Smith

St. Louis

Tipton

Ft. Yuma

Bodie

TehamaRed Bluff

ReddingShastaWeaverville

Eureka

Yreka

Susanville

Pacheco Pass

Cassen Pass

Jaminson PassDownievilleNevada CityDonner PassGrass ValleyColomaCarson PassPlacerville

Rich Bar

Oroville

Colusa

Chico

MarysvilleSacramento

SonomaBenicia

San FranciscoOakland

San JoseGilroy

Santa CruzMonterey

Tejon PassSanta Barbara

Los EncinosLos Angeles

Chino Hills

N

S

EW

MILES

0 100 200

MILES

0 250 500

14 CALIFORNIA EDUCATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT INITIATIVE I Unit 1.4.2. I On the Move I Visual Aids

Story of the Mail: Horse Power

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VA #12 Story of the Mail: Horse Power

Galloping horses pulled the stagecoach all day and all night.

CALIFORNIA EDUCATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT INITIATIVE I Unit 1.4.2. I On the Move I Visual Aids 15

Story of the Mail: The Way Station

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VA #13 Story of the Mail: The Way Station

The stagecoach made short stops at way stations along the way.

16 CALIFORNIA EDUCATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT INITIATIVE I Unit 1.4.2. I On the Move I Visual Aids

VA #14 Story of the Mail: Resting and Eating

Horses got something to eat and drink at the way stations. Sometimes tired horses were replaced with rested horses. People also got something to eat and drink.

Story of the Mail: Resting and Eating

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CALIFORNIA EDUCATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT INITIATIVE I Unit 1.4.2. I On the Move I Visual Aids 17

Story of the Mail: A Long Trip

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VA #15 Story of the Mail: A Long Trip

The trip was long and hard for the passengers. The ride was bumpy and dusty. Some passengers were on the stagecoach for 22 days.

18 CALIFORNIA EDUCATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT INITIATIVE I Unit 1.4.2. I On the Move I Visual Aids

Story of the Mail: The Pony Express

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VA #16 Story of the Mail: The Pony Express

Some people were still not happy with the mail service. They wanted to get their mail even faster. The Pony Express started. “Express” means fast.

CALIFORNIA EDUCATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT INITIATIVE I Unit 1.4.2. I On the Move I Visual Aids 19

Story of the Mail: A Relay Race

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VA #17 Story of the Mail: A Relay Race

The Pony Express used galloping horses. Horses changed every 15 miles. Riders carried the mail in leather pouches. The mail arrived much faster.

20 CALIFORNIA EDUCATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT INITIATIVE I Unit 1.4.2. I On the Move I Visual Aids

Story of the Mail: Engine Power

Visual Aid18

VA #18 Story of the Mail: Engine Power

Once the engine was invented, the mail was no longer delivered by horse. Steam trains, then trucks, and then planes carried the mail from place to place.

CALIFORNIA EDUCATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT INITIATIVE I Unit 1.4.2. I On the Move I Visual Aids 21

VA #19 Gas Station

Gas Station

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22 CALIFORNIA EDUCATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT INITIATIVE I Unit 1.4.2. I On the Move I Visual Aids

Going the Distance: Page 1

Visual Aid

VA #20 Going the Distance: Page 1

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Instructions: Read about each person and circle the best answer. (2 points each)

1. José is a farmer. He wants to take some tomatoes and lettuce to the farmers’ market in town. What kind of vehicle do you think he should use?

2. Alexa lives in California. She wants to visit her brother in New York. This is very far away and she wants to get there fast. What kind of vehicle do you think she should use?

3. Eli wants to travel down the river near his house. What kind of vehicle do you think he should use?

CALIFORNIA EDUCATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT INITIATIVE I Unit 1.4.2. I On the Move I Visual Aids 23

VA #21 Going the Distance: Page 2

4. Lili lived more than a hundred years ago. Her family moved from St. Louis to California. They had to travel very far. What kind of vehicle do you think they used?

5. Roy lived on a farm in California before cars were made. He went to school every day near the farm. How do you think Roy traveled to school?

Going the Distance: Page 2

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California Education and the Environment InitiativePrinted on post-consumer recycled paper142VA