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This is a student talk, at the Knowledge Engineering course, each student is is

asked to present his/her synthesis paper.

Course Page: http://jarrar-courses.blogspot.com/2011/09/knowledgeengineering-fall2011.html

Ontology-Based

Data Integration

Knowledge Engineering Course (SCOM7348)

University of Birzeit, Palestine

December, 2012

Synthesis Paper Talk

Ali Ahmad Al Jadaa

Master of Computing, Birzeit University

Ali.ps@live.com

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Abstract

• We are need to obtain information from

several local or external sources, Each

source may be built in different ways, so we

will face many various conflicts in the

meaning or structure and other conflicts.

We'll see also examples show why need

data integration .

• Ontology provides effective solutions to data

integration in different ways, and which you

will highlight about it

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What is Data

• Data is a collection of facts, such as values

or measurements. It can be numbers,

words, measurements, observations or

even just descriptions of things.

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What is data integration

• Data coming from different sources

and providing users with a unified view

of these data .

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What is Semantic

• Understand the meaning .

• Relation between signifiers .

• Difference with other

≠

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What is Ontology

• Set of concepts within a domain, and the

relationships between pairs of concepts. It

can be used to model a domain and support

reasoning about entities .

• Dictionary Computers can be understand

• List of things that exist

• Description of the kinds of entities there are

and how they are related

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Why need data integration

• The world turns to a small village, and

became a speed factor in the completion of

transactions of the most important features

of any state.

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example

• if any student want to travel to complete his study , he

must visit many of ministries to prepare :

• 1 - General Certificate of Secondary Education of school.

• 2 - Ratification certificate from the Ministry of Education.

• 3 - Identification of the Ministry of the Interior.

• 4 - Valid passport of the Ministry of the Interior.

• 5 - Disease free certificate from the Ministry of Health .

• 6 - Guarantee from a bank

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The problem of data integration

• Since the data come from different sources,

and all data source built in a different way

and different meaning, we will face many

problems

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Name Heterogeneities

• which mean different names for the same concepts

(Synonyms) ,

• for example schema use (Code)

• and anther one use (Number) or (No.) ,

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Meaning Heterogeneities

• which mean Same name for different

concepts(Homonyms),for example schema

use City as a Birth City , but another

schema use it to mean work city

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Structure Heterogeneities

• which means that different information

systems store their data in different

structures ,

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Type Heterogeneities

• which mean same attribute in different data type

,example attribute "Gender" in schema use String data

type ("Male"," Female"), but in another schema use

Boolean data type (0,1).

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Rules and Constraints Heterogeneities

• which mean different cardinalities in the same

relationships, example in schema the Age of student

between(18-25) year but in another one it's between

(18-30)

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Model Heterogeneities

Occurs when different databases adheres to

different data models,

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Service Oriented Architecture

• Is a set of principles and methodologies for

designing and developing software in the

form of interoperable services[1]

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Publish-Subscribe Architecture

• networking technologies and products

enable a high degree of connectivity across

a large number of computers, applications,

and users[5]

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Consolidation

• involves capturing of data from multiple

source systems and integrating into a single

persistent data store. The latency of the

information in the consolidated data store

depends upon whether batch or real time

data consolidation is being used and how

often the updates are being applied to the

data store.[2]

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Multibase system

• A multibase (multiple database) system

allows the users to view the database

through a single global schema ,simulating

to users that a federated data base

exists.[3]

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Data Warehouse

• Is a database used for reporting and data

analysis[4]

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Federated systems (Virtual Data Integration)

• It is characterized by the existence of a

federated schema which establishes the

interface to this integrated system.[4]

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example

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Solution

• Can be solved with relational Views (A to B)

CREATE VIEW Men As

SELECT Code , Name FROM Person

WHERE Gender="Male"

CREATE VIEW Women As

SELECT Code , Name FROM Person

WHERE Gender="Female"

• Or can be solved with relational View (B to A)

CREATE VIEW (Code , Name , Gender) As

SELECT Code , Name ,"Male"

FROM Men

UNION

SELECT Code , Name , "Female"

FROM Women

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References

1. Bell_ Michael (2010). SOA Modeling Patterns for Service-Oriented Discovery and

Analysis. Wiley & Sons. p. 390. ISBN 978-0-470-48197-4.

2. Amit P. Sheth, and J.A. Larson, Federated Database Systems for Managing

Distributed, Heterogeneous, and Autonomous Databases, ACM Computing

Surveys,Vol 22, No. 3, pp. 183-236, September 1990.

3. Manuel Garcia-Solaco, Felix Saltor, and Malu Castellanos, Semantic heterogeneity in

multidatabase systems, In Object-oriented Multidatabase Systems: A Solution for

dvanced Applications, Omran A. Bukhres and Ahmed K. Elmagarmid, editors, Prentice-

Hall, 1996 Chapter 5, pp. 129-202.

4. Oracle® Database Application Developer's Guide – Fundamentals 10g Release 1

(10.1) Part Number B10795-01

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Thank You