operation and maintenance for village water supply

7/28/2019 Operation and Maintenance for Village Water Supply

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Operation and Maintenance Ka Domat


PRINCIPLES AND GUIDELINES UNDERLYING

WATER MANAGEMENT

- Available water should be distributed equitably to

end users.

- Water conservation should be given due emphasis

- Each member users should be aware of the

limitations of the completed water system


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IMPORTANCE OF OPERATION &

MAINTENANCE- To maximize the use of the Water System

- To prolong the life of the structure (designed life=15-

20 years)- To prevent high cost of Maintenance

- To satisfy the demand of the users

-

To ensure proper distribution and use of the system- To serve as monitoring of the system.


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SUCCESS FACTORS IN THE OPERATION AND

MAINTENANCE OF THE WATER SYSYTEM

- Continuous availability of water

-Save time in fetching from the spring or source

- Conflicts with neighbor caused by insufficient water will be

minimized

- Quarrels between siblings on who should fetch water will be

minimized- Improve hygiene and sanitation

- Backyard gardening and animal raising is possible

- Everybody will be happy.

BENEFITS OF PROPERLY MAINTAINED WATER SYSTEM


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TRADITIONAL WAYS OF OPERATING AND

MAINTAINING A WATER SYSTEM

By requiring all affected Water users to work for freein repairing and improving the water system.

By requiring all users to contribute cash, rice, in-kindtoward Maintenance of the Water System

By waiting for the Government or Politicians todonate materials or improvement of the WaterSystem.


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Is it important for the Water

Association to have funds?

The answer most probably is YES. The Associationcan not move without money. Without funds,

Water System repair and improvement can not be

done.

Some may answer NO in the sense that traditionalways of Operation and Maintenance in Water

System are working without funds.


7/25Operation and Maintenance Ka DomatOperation and Maintenance Ka Domat

ADVANTAGES OF HAVING FUNDS FOR

WATER SYSTEM There will be money to be used for repairs and operations

There will be money to purchase new pipes, accessories, toolsand etc.

There will be money to pay people to work when voluntarismis over done already (No one can volunteer forever).

The Water Association has funds, the officers/members canmove and can do the things for benefit of the association ingeneral and the members in particular.



DISADVANTAGES OF HAVING FUNDS

FOR WATER SYSTEM The WA cannot move immediately when the need arises

The WA officers have to spend their own money

The WA have to collect money from the member first

The WA have no money to use for the O & M of the Water

System



SOURCES OF FUNDS

1. Membership Fees- These are one-time fees paid by each member uponjoining the association. This is not withdrawable, even if the member willwithdraw from the association.

2. Water Fees- These are free charged for the use of the water based on thehousehold volume of water consumed.

3. Fines- These amounts collected from the member/s who failed to meettheir obligations properly (ex. If the member did not come on thedesignated day to repair the broken pipes or other structural components,or if the member did not attend the meeting, etc.)

4. Cash Contributions- The village water system is repaired or improved at acertain cost. The WA does not have enough money so each household isasked to member is not available to provide labr.

5. Loans- The WA may borrow money (Long Term Loan) to improve or repairthe WS (Such Loans should be discussed and approved by the GeneralAssembly)



COMMON PROBLEMS OFOPERATION AND

MAINTENANCE

(Water Supply System)



Technical Problems

The tap (faucet) is broken and need repairs One tap has been stolen

The standpost is cracked and in danger of breakingup

The drainage channel is blocked

The soak away needs repair and stones have beentaken away

The meter box lock is broken and the cover hasbeen moved

No efforts has been made to keep the surroundingsclean, both for water source area, reservoirs andtap stands.

Leaks at the pipelines are evident



Managerial Problems

Nobody has taken the responsibility for thestandpost

There is lack of motivation to look after thestandpost

The users lack basic skills for maintenance andrepairs

The children are undisciplined and play around the

supplyAnimals are allowed around the standpost

Washing and bathing is allowed at the standpost



Community Problems No one is looking after the supply

No cement for the repair

No tools or spare parts for repair

No report that the meter box lock was broken

No key for the meter box

Parents allow their children to vandalize the supply

No arrangement for the users to contact the wateragency

No monthly water contribution for the cost of repair

Bad taste of water, so no collection from the systemare collected

Bad sites standpost so no one is looking after by thevillagers.



Operation and Maintenance

Activities



Daily Activities

At each standpost Unlock taps and open the valve on the service line

Check if the tap operates correctly

Check if the flow of water is normal

Attend to any dripping tap

Attend to any leaking valve

Clean the standpost platform, drain and

surroundings

Inspect standpost structure, platform and drain

(repair any cracks with cement mortar)



Weekly Activities

Check at the Reservoir

For leaks;

The overflow is in good order;

Valves are in correct positions;

Clear water is flowing into the reservoir at the requiredrate.

Walk the route of the distribution pipeline

Check for pipeline leaks Check for disturbed sections of pipe (e.g. erosion)

Check valves are not leaking and correctly set



Monthly Activities

Collect water contributions/fees Scheduled meeting

Inspect the pipeline after heavy rain and

control erosion around the pipes



Annual or Semi-Annual

Inspect spring box and diversion trench

above the spring.

Check the perimeter fence

Check the walls of the spring for cracks

Check for the box cover, overflow pipes

Check for the surroundings

Maintain vegetation cover at the area



Annual or Semi-Annual

Drain reservoir, clean and inspect

Check air release valves operate correctly Open wash-outs to flush pipeline

In the dry season, remove soak away stonesand clean pit before replacing the stones.

Take periodic water samples



HOW DO WE OPERATE THE

COMPLETED SUB-PROJECT?

The community must form anorganization/association who will handle the

operation and management of the sub-project. The community will identify potential core group

members who will formulate policies, by-laws thatwill govern the operational and approved first by theGeneral Assembly.

Officers and members of the association to strictlyfollow the agreed policies and to impose sanctionsfor any violations committed.


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Operation and Maintenance Ka DomatOperation and Maintenance Ka Domat

A water tariff is the rate at which users

are charged for water.

To set a water rate, a community needsto estimate the costs of running their

water supply and draw up the budget.

This is followed by deciding how muchand how often users need to pay to

match the budget.


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Users pay a flat rate per person, or per

household, for a public standpost or private

tap connection

In communities with significant difference

in water use and benefits, users may pay

different rates on a graded system

Connections are metered and users may

pay per household (private tap) or per user

group (public taps)


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Outline procedure for the selection of a water

supply and associated O&M

Choice of

technology

Initial degreeof community

management

Division of cost

Step Decisions Considerations

Is the technology &

Service level manageable,

Affordable and agreed

Between partners?

1

3

4

2

-Existing & potential sources-Users preference by gender-Service level-Skills & spare parts availability-Cost and reliability

sharing of management responsibilities

between partners capacity to organize/functions cost of management womens involvement

-users ability to pay

-users willingness to pay-availability of subsidies-other external financial support


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operation and maintenance for village water supply

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