opportunities and scientific development for the implementation of the south africa ska project in...
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Opportunities and scientific development for the implementation of the South Africa SKA project in Madagascar
Dr RAKOTONJANAHARY XavierMinistry of Higher Education and Scientific ResearchProf RAMBOLAMANANA GérardDirector, Institute Observatory of Geophysic of Antananarivo, University of AntananarivoProf RAKOTOMALALA MinosonDirector, Institute for Energy Managing
Scientific developmentREPARTITION DES ETUDIANTS INSCRITS PAR ETABLISSEMENT
Ecole Normale Supérieure
4,1%
Ecole Sup.Polytechnique
5,7%Ecole Sup.des
Sc.Agronomiques2,8%
Faculté des Lettres & Sc.Hum.
17,7%
Faculté de Médecine15,0%
Faculté de D.E.G.S.42,6%
Faculté des Sciences
12,2%
Scientific disciplines12%Laws 43%Health 15%Literature and Human Sciences: 18%Agronomy: 3%Engineering: 6%High school education: 4%
Scientific development
DISCIPLINE DEA 6 years Doctorat 7 years
M F M F Total
Mathematiques 19 1 2 0 2
Physics-Chemistry 61 12 15 2 17
Naturalnces 60 61 8 2 10
Total 140 74 25 4 29
Astronomy and physics education.
History of the astronomical research In 1889, an astronomic telescope was installed at the
Observatory of Antananarivo, Ambohidepona, a hill in the city of Antananarivo.
Characteristics: Ø = 133 mm Focal = 720 mm (PERL-VIXEN). Astronomers : Father Poisson and Father Colin. From 1972 to 1980: Dr De Comarmond initiated the first
monitoring of radioastronomy and astrophysics at the Observatory of Antananarivo.
1986: observation of Halley cometPresent times….. For Madagascar, astronomy in infancy. But thanks to the co-operation with SKA Project, since 2006,
students were sent at the University of Capetown, South Africa to carry out studies and research on the various aspects of astronomy.
At the celebration of the international year of Astronomy in 2009, the Department of Physics of the Faculty of Science of the University of Antananarivo, decided to follow the step in radio astronomy by installing a small radio telescope.
A small dish is mounted on the roof of the building of the Physics Department. The apparatus is still simple but gives satisfactory results with some stars already known like the sun.
Astronomy and physics education (cont’d)
Two students use this antenna for their thesis memory of DEA (MsC)
1. “Radio operator observation of the sun using a radio telescope built from an aerial parabolic of the type "prime x-ray"
2. “Data analysis of the solar radiation from an experimentation on a radio telescope”.
Astronomy and physics education (cont’d)
Motivation
Enhancing science, engineering and technology capacity in developing countries is important to their growth and development.
Reform of the education system of Madagascar (reorganisation of the syllabus in the LMD's system)
In Madagascar, astronomy is seen as a window for tourism. Its promotion is a way of attracting school leavers to consider a career in science or engineering, in line with the country needs.
Astrophysics and astronomy could play a crucial role in teaching and capacity building.
The program
Started in 2006 at the Physic Department of the Faculty of Sciences with the SKA Program in South Africa
There is yet a very little course in Astronomy in formal curricula, but initiatives have been made to offer courses and professional training.
Access to research outputs in this domain is one focus of the Physic department. It gives potential to develop and encourage a positive attitude to stimulating interest and appreciation of astronomy.
The courses offered (in French): Physique et Applications/ Spécialité Physique du Globe, de l'Energie et de l'Environnement/ Parcours Astrophysique et Astronomie.
Number of students : 3 per year
Schedules Master 1 Specialty: ASTROPHYSICS
Modules Lectures Tutorials Lab works Units
SEMESTER I (jointly with other Physical Master)
UE1Mathematical
Techniques applied to Physics
33 33 06
UE2Statistical Physics
33 33 06
UE3Quantum Physics
16,50 16,50 03
UE4Vibrations and Waves
16,50 16,50 03
UE5Data processing
33 33 06
English 33 03
Management 33 03
TOTAL (Semester I) 198 99 33 30
SEMESTER II
Modules Lectures Tutorials Lab works Units
Introduction and levelingAstrophysics
Numerical analysis and data processing33 33 06
UE6- Goals of astrophysics
33 33 06
UE7Astrophysical mediums, kinetics and
fluids33 33 06
UE8- Data treatments, processing and digital
simulations in astronomy
33 33 06
UE9- Statistical methods
16,50 16,50 03
TOTAL (Semester II) 165 165 30
TOTALOver the year
363H 264H 33 60
Schedules Master 2 Specialty: ASTROPHYSICS
Modules Lectures Tutorials Lab works Units
SEMESTER I (S9)
UE1- Data bases and information
systems applied to astronomy
10 20 06
UE2- The opposite methods
20 20 06
UE3- Radiation modeling in stellar and
interstellar environment 20 20 06
UE4Astrophysical of high energies and
compact objects20 20 06
UE5Dynamic and gravitational systems
20 20 06
TOTAL SEMESTER I (S9) 90H 100 30
SEMESTER II (S10)
Modules Lectures Tutorials Lab works Units
UE6Galactic evolution
20 20 04
UE7- Training course
150 22
TOTAL (Semester II) 26
TOTAL over the year 20 170 30
Total Master 2 110H 270H 60
Person in charge for speciality Randriamananatany Zely Arivelo Full professor Department of Physics Faculty of Science B.P. 906 Tel. 261 20 22 547 58 [email protected]
Secretariat Secretariat of Physics Department of Physics Faculty of Science B.P. 906 Tel. 261 20 22 547 58
261 20 24 334 49 [email protected]
Opportunities
Geographical and strategic location of Madagascar
Facilitation for regulation of bandwidth interference (OMERT, IOGA)
Participation of Madagascar in the International knowledge-based consortium; training in South-Africa and Madagascar.
Connectivity with other African countries and the world through EASSY
Multiple choice for site location
Site physical parameters
Road access Geology Meteorological Data (Temperature, Wind
velocity, rainfall, air humidity) Geophysical data (Tectonic and seismic
stabilities) Bandwidth interference (sites surrounded
by mountains are prioritized) Two sites were identified (Ankaramena and
Betroka)
Ankaramena site location
ANKARAMENA site elevation
Betroka site Location
BETROKA Site
…Regarding the seismicity of Ankaramena and Betroka Regions …..
Normal monthly temperature Ankaramena 1949 – 2008
Mean temperature Ankaramena (1949 – 2008)
21°8 C
Wind anomalies Ankaramena (1949 – 2008)
Normal Wind Ankaramena (1949 – 2008)
Monthly mean wind speed Ankaramena (1949 – 2008)
2,6 – 3,0 m/s
Temperature Anomalies Betroka (1949 – 2008)
Normal monthly temperature Betroka (1949 – 2008
Mean Temperature Betroka (1949 – 2008)
21°8 C
Wind anomalies Betroka (1949 – 2008)
Tropical storms are violent in the North and North West region, but are rare and weaker in the South West. They occur mainly in January-February (50%)
Normal Wind Speed Betroka (1949 – 2008)
Mean Wind Speed Betroka (1949 – 2008)
2,6 – 3,0 m/s
GEOLOGY and Other Geophysical Data
Geology: both sites belong to the sedimentary part of Madagascar but on site, endogenous rocks could be found
Other Geophysical Data such as electrical and seismic: missing because of lack of funds
LAND ACQUISITION
Law in Madagascar with regard to the use of land for science education exist.
The Institute and Observatory of Geophysics of Antananarivo is very familiar to face this situation (e. g. seismic stations land acquisition)
BANDWIDTH FREQUENCIES
The IOGA has the equipment to measure the bandwidth frequency.
Supervision of the SKA team
Road Access
The two proposed sites are accessible during the year.
The national road RN7 passes next to both sites and is not far away from main localities
But…..The main Electricity Power for both sites is the main difficulty to be solved.
Connectivity
Madagascar EASSY (East Africa Submarine Cable System)
EASSYTelma
φ1 Optical Fibre
La Réunion
Mauritius
Undersea FutureOptions
Metropolitan Fibre Network
EASSy
Thank you !!!