orientalhydrocyphon(coleoptera:scirtidae:scirtinae ......nyholm, 1967 spain...

Hindawi Publishing CorporationPsycheVolume 2012, Article ID 603875, 16 pagesdoi:10.1155/2012/603875

Research Article

Oriental Hydrocyphon (Coleoptera: Scirtidae: Scirtinae):Seven New Species from Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia, and India

Hiroyuki Yoshitomi

Ehime University Museum, Bunkyo-Chô 3, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan

Correspondence should be addressed to Hiroyuki Yoshitomi, [email protected]

Received 29 September 2011; Accepted 27 December 2011

Academic Editor: Brian Forschler

Copyright © 2012 Hiroyuki Yoshitomi. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License,which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Application Specific Instruction-set Processors (ASIPs) expose to the designer a large number of degrees of freedom. Accurate andrapid simulation tools are needed to explore the design space. To this aim, FPGA-based emulators have recently been proposedas an alternative to pure software cycle-accurate simulator. However, the advantages of on-hardware emulation are reduced bythe overhead of the RTL synthesis process that needs to be run for each configuration to be emulated. The work presented inthis paper aims at mitigating this overhead, exploiting a form of software-driven platform runtime reconfiguration. We presenta complete emulation toolchain that, given a set of candidate ASIP configurations, identifies and builds an overdimensionedarchitecture capable of being reconfigured via software at runtime, emulating all the design space points under evaluation. Theapproach has been validated against two different case studies, a filtering kernel and an M-JPEG encoding kernel. Moreover, thepresented emulation toolchain couples FPGA emulation with activity-based physical modeling to extract area and power/energyconsumption figures. We show how the adoption of the presented toolchain reduces significantly the design space explorationtime, while introducing an overhead lower than 10% for the FPGA resources and lower than 0.5% in terms of operating frequency.

1. Introduction

The genus Hydrocyphon Redtenbacher is represented by 100species divided into 13 species groups from the Palaearcticand the Oriental Regions (see, e.g., [1, 2] and Tables 1 and 2).The larvae of this genus inhabit running water, for example,small rivers and streams, and the adults are frequently collec-ted by sweeping around the larval habitat. The genus is welldefined by certain characteristics (e.g., small body, deeplynotched anterior margin of the mesosternum, well-develo-ped parameres and parameroids), and has been comparati-vely well studied taxonomically [1, 2]. In the present paper,I describe seven new species from Indonesia, Thailand,Malaysia, and India. In addition, new combination and addi-tional specimens examined are presented.

This is the twelfth part of my comprehensive study of“Scirtidae of the Oriental Region” [2–12].

2. Materials and Mandhods

This study was conducted based on the dried specimens pre-served in the following public collections.

Ehime University Museum, Matsuyama (EUMJ).Systematic Entomological Laboratory, Hokkaido Univer-

sity (SEHU).Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart (SMNS).The methodology was as shown in a previous study [2].

The photographs in Figure 1 were taken under a Leica MZ95and produced by automontage software Combine ZM.

The abbreviations used in the present paper are as fol-lows: PL: length of pronotum; PW: width of pronotum; EL:length of elytra; EW: width of elytra; TL: total length (PL plusEL). The average value is given in parentheses after the range.

3. Description of the New Species

3.1. Hydrocyphon jogjaensis sp.n. (See Figures 1(a), 1(b), 2, and

11(a))

Type Material. Holotype male (EUMJ): “Ngaglik, Yogya-karta 7◦42′28.34′′S 110◦24′45.34′′E Java, INDONESIA 28.II. 2010 H. Yoshitomi leg.”

Paratype female (EUMJ): same data as for the holotype.

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Psyche 5

(a) (b) (e)

(g) (h) (i)

(c) (d) (f)

Figure 1: Habitus of Hydrocyphon spp., holotypes, male (a, c, e–i) and paratypes, female (b, d). (a, b) H. jogjaensis sp.n.; (c, d) H. takizawaisp.n.; (e) H. sagittiger sp.n.; (f) H. serratibasialis sp.n.; (g) H. doiinthanonensis sp.n.; (h) H. klapperichi sp.n.; (i) H. deformis sp.n. Scale =1.0 mm.

Table 2: The list of the species excluding from the genus Hydrocyphon. An Excel file version is also available at the following URL: https://sites.google.com/site/waterbeandlesofjapan/home/support-files-on-articles/Appendix 2.xls.

No. Species Description Distribution Zoobank LSID Transferred

1Hydrocyphon

atratusMotschulsky,

1863Ceylon urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7CE1145A-0783-4196-A201-B05397235AE5 Cyphon

Male Description. Body oval, well-convex dorsally, shiny,closely covered with short yellowish-white setae. Colorationof body blackish-brown, but antennal segments I–V, lateralpart of pronotum and legs yellowish-brown.

Head moderate in size, lightly convex dorsally, finelypunctuate, with straight front margin of clypeus; the distancebetween eyes about 1.9 times as long as the maximum dia-meter of an eye. Eyes moderate in size, prominent. Antennaeshort, slender, reaching at basal part of elytra. Pronotum

punctuate as in head, lightly convex dorsally, lightly dep-ressed ventrally in lateral parts; front margin almost straight;anterolateral corners obtuse; posterolateral corners right-angle; lateral and posterior margins gently arcuate; PW/PL2.69. Scutellum small, equilateral-triangular, punctuate asin head. Elytra oval, convex dorsally, broadest at basal 1/3,punctuate as in head; humeral parts indistinct; EL/EW 1.22;EL/PL 4.80; EW/PW 1.47; TL/EW 1.47. Legs relatively long,slender.

6 Psyche

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)

(g)

(h)

(a), (d)(b), (c)

(g)

(h)

(e), (f)

1 m

m

0.1

mm

0.5

mm

0.1

mm

0.1

mm

Figure 2: Hydrocyphon jogjaensis sp.n., holotype, male (a–c) and paratype, female (d–h). (a, d) Sternites V–VII; (b) tegmen; (c) penis;(e) tergite VIII; (f) sternite VIII; (g) ovipositor; (h) prehensor.

Caudal margin of sternite VII gently arcuate. TergitesVIII—IX moderately sclerotized, trapezoidal. Tegmen short,well sclerotized; proximal part short, fan-shaped, arcuate inbasal margin; parameres stout, gently expanded laterally inbasal parts, arrow-like shape in apical parts. Penis long, wellsclerotized, asymmetrical, about 1.7 times as long as tegmen;pala subtrapezoidal, widest at base; parameroids long andslender, slightly asymmetrical, gently widened and punctuatein apical parts, obtuse at apices; trigonium with one long andslender projection, a little shorter than parameroids, obtuseat apex; median plate indistinct.

Female. Similar to male; pronotum yellow (probably teneralspecimen); antennae relatively stout; PW/PL 2.55; EL/EW1.23; EL/PL 4.25; EW/PW 1.35; TL/EW 1.52.

Caudal margin of sternite VII slightly pointed. TergiteVIII moderately sclerotized, trapezoidal, bearing short setaein caudal parts, with long apodemes; sternite VIII slightlysclerotized, oblong, bearing short setae along caudal margin.Ovipositor relatively short; relative length of stylus, coxite,and baculus (n = 1) as 1.0 : 4.0 : 15.3. Prehensor small, wellsclerotized, oblong, bearing short spines in mesal part.

Measurements. Male (n = 1): TL 2.03 mm; PW 0.94 mm;PL 0.35 mm; EL 1.68 mm; EW 1.38 mm. Female (n = 1):TL 2.10 mm; PW 1.02 mm; PL 0.40 mm; EL 1.70 mm; EW1.38 mm.

Remarks. The species belongs to the pallidicollis speciesgroup. It is similar to H. trilobus Yoshitomi and Satô and H.subtrilobus Yoshitomi and Satô with respect to the shape of

Psyche 7

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d) (e)

(f)

(g)

(h)

(a), (f)(b)–(h)

1 m

m

0.1

mm

Figure 3: Hydrocyphon takizawai sp.n., holotype, male (a–e) and paratype, female (f–h). (a, f) Sternites V–VII; (b) tergite VIII; (c) sterniteIX; (d) tegmen; (e) penis; (g) ovipositor; (h) prehensor.

the penis, but differs from them by the apices of the para-meres which have an arrow-like shape.

Biological Notes. The type locality was a small river situatedhalfway up Mount Merapi (Figure 11(a)). The river wassomewhat polluted by waste water flowing from cichlid fishfarms.

Etymology. The species is named after the type locality.

3.2. Hydrocyphon takizawai sp.n. (See Figures 1(c), 1(d), 3, 4, 5,

and 11(b))

Type Material. Holotype male (EUMJ): “Kinabalu Park, HQSabah, MALAYSIA 2–4. V. 2010 H. Yoshitomi leg.”

Paratypes 2 females (EUMJ): same data as for the holo-type.

Male Description. Body oval, well convex dorsally, shiny,closely covered with yellowish white short setae. Colorationof head, mouth parts, antennal segments I–IV, prothorax and

legs yellowish-brown, but posterior part of head and tarsiinfuscate; antennal segments V–XI, scutellum, elytra, meso-and metaventries, and abdominal segments brown.

Head moderate in size, slightly convex dorsally, finelypunctuate; clypeus rather long, straight in front margin; thedistance between eyes about 1.7 times as long as the maxi-mum diameter of an eye. Eyes moderate in size, prominent.Antennae short, reaching about proximal 1/6 of elytra. Pro-notum punctuate as in head, slightly convex dorsally, dep-ressed ventrally in lateral parts; front margin straight; antero-and posterolateral corners obtuse; lateral and posterior mar-gins gently arcuate; PW/PL 2.51. Scutellum small, equila-teral-triangular. Elytra oval, convex dorsally, broadest at themiddle; humeral parts gently projecting dorsally; EL/EW1.41; EL/PL 4.83; EW/PW 1.36; TL/EW 1.70.

Caudal margin of sternite VII arcuate. Tergite VIII mod-erately sclerotized, transversal trapezoidal, bearing shortspines in caudal part, with a pair of short apodemes. SterniteIX well sclerotized, consisting of a pair of hemisternites, withpointed at apices. Tegmen large, well sclerotized; proximalpart short, subparallel-sided; parameres long, minutely ser-rate in apical 1/3 of inner parts, distinctly protruding

8 Psyche

(a)

(b)

(c)(d) (e)

(f)

(a)

(b)–(f)1 m

m

0.1

mm

Figure 4: Hydrocyphon takizawai sp.n., larva. (a) Dorsal habitus; (b) labrum in ventral aspect; (c) mandible in ventral aspect; (d) maxillarypalpus in ventral aspect; (e) ditto in dorsal aspect; (f) hypopharynx.

postero-interiorly in postero-lateral corners, projecting ante-riorly in anterolateral corners. Penis asymmetrical, short,well sclerotized, about 0.8 times as long as tegmen; palaoblong, widest near base, tapered in proximal 2/3; para-meroids short and almost straight, obtuse at apices, finelypunctuate, left one long and slender, right one short andstout; trigonium consisting of a small lobe.

Female. Sexual dimorphism indistinct, but mesal part ofpronotum infustate in paratype; PW/PL 2.24; EL/EW 1.42;EL/PL 4.59; EW/PW 1.45; TL/EW 1.73.

Caudal margin of sternite VII arcuate. Ovipositor rela-tively short; stylus with two pairs of apical setae; coxite bear-ing short spines; baculus without branch; relative length ofstylus, coxite and baculus (n = 1) as 1.0 : 2.3 : 7.5. Prehensorsmall, slightly sclerotized, Y-shaped, bearing short spines ininner margins of apices.

Measurements. Male (n = 1): TL 2.04 mm; PW 0.88 mm;PL 0.35 mm; EL 1.69 mm; EW 1.20 mm. Female (n = 1):TL 2.07 mm; PW 0.83 mm; PL 0.37 mm; EL 1.70 mm; EW1.20 mm.

Larvae. Body about 4.0 mm length in fully expanded spec-imens, subparallel-sided in thorax and abdomen which

bearing short and long setae on lateral and posterior margins.Coloration of body right brown.

Head slightly protruding laterally, with three pairs ofnonmelanized stemmata situated near anterolateral corners.Antennae relatively long, reaching at abdominal segment I;scape slightly curved posteriorly; flagellum 51–73 (64) seg-mented (n = 4). Labrum transverse, covered with long setaeon dorsal surface; ventral lobes projecting anteriorly, with 12pairs of stout and short setae on inner margins. Maxillarypalpi long and slender; 1st segment covered sparsely withshort and long setae on dorsal surface; 3rd rounded at apex,with widely apical sensory area; relative length of each seg-ment (n = 1) as 1.0 : 1.0 : 1.3. Mandibles and hypopharynxtypical for the genus. Thorax widest at posterior margin ofmesothorax. Abdomen subparallel-sided, widest at segmentV, then gently tapering posteriorly, bearing two (II–V) orone (VI–VII) pairs of short setae on lateral part. TergiteVIII trapezoidal, shallowly concave in posterior margin, witha pair of very long setae protruding from posterolateralcorners. Sternite VIII semicircular, bearing long setae onlateral and posterior margins, two of those very long. TergiteIX semicircular, convex at apex, with a pair of long setae atapex, bearing pectinate short setae on lateral margin. SterniteIX transversal semicircular, with pectinate setae on posteriormargin.

Psyche 9

(a) (b)

(c) (d)

(a)–(d)

0.1

mm

Figure 5: Hydrocyphon takizawai sp.n., larva. (a) Sternite VIII; (b) tergite VIII; (c) tergite IX; (d) sternite IX.

Measurements of Larvae (n = 3). TL 5.40–6.50 (5.80) mm;HW 0.80–0.90 (0.83) mm; PL 0.50–0.55 (0.52) mm; PW1.05–1.20 (1.15) mm; TW 1.20–1.40 (1.33) mm.

Specimens Examined of Larvae. 29 exs. (mature larvae), Kin-abalu Park, HQ Sabah, Malaysia, 2–4. V. 2010, H. Yoshitomileg.; 5 exs. (mature larvae), Liwagu river, Kinabalu Park, HQ,Sabah, Malaysia, 28. II. 2009, H. Uno leg.

Remarks. The species belongs to the pallidicollis speciesgroup. Judging from the shape of the penis, it is similar to H.palawanensis Yoshitomi and Satô, H. javanicus Yoshitomi andSatô, H. baliensis Yoshitomi and Satô, H. manfredi Yoshitomiand Satô, and H. sarawakensis Yoshitomi and Satô, but dif-fers from them by the shape of the parameres projectingposteriorly and serrate in the inner margin.

The larva of this species is distinguished from the threepreviously known species of the larvae in the genus (H. def-lexicollis [13], H. satoi [14], H. sp. [4]) by the following cha-racteristics: (1) segment III of maxillary palpi somewhatshort (about 1.5 times as long as segment I in H. deflexicollisand H. satoi); (2) the short setae on the lateral and posterior

margins of tergite IX and sternite IX pectinate (simple setaein H. satoi and H. sp.).

Biological Notes. The type locality was a small stream in theKinabalu National Park (Figure 11(b)). The stream was clear,and many aquatic insects were collected with this species.

Etymology. The species is named after Dr. H. Takizawa.

3.3. Hydrocyphon sagittiger sp.n. (See Figures 1(e) and 6)

Type Material. Holotype male (EUMJ): “(Indonesia) WestSumatra Batipuh 26. XI. 1974 T. Kobayashi,” “Egyptian kid-ney bean.”

Holotype male (EUMJ): “(Indonesia) West SumatraBatipuh 26. XI. 1974 T. Kobayashi,” “Egyptian kidney bean.”

Male Description. Body oval, well convex dorsally, shiny,closely covered with yellowish-white setae. Coloration ofbody blackish-brown, but anterior part of head, lateral partsof pronotum, antennal segments I–V, and legs right-brown.

10 Psyche

(a) (b)

(a), (b)

0.1

mm

Figure 6: Hydrocyphon sagittiger sp.n., holotype, male. (a) Tegmen; (b) penis.

Head moderate in size, flat in dorsally, finely punctuate;clypeus short, straight in front margin; the distance betweeneyes about 2.1 times as long as the maximum diameter ofan eye. Eyes moderate in size, prominent. Antennae short,reaching about proximal 1/8 of elytra. Pronotum punctuateas in head, slightly convex dorsally, depressed ventrally inlateral parts; front margin straight; antero- and postero-lateral corners obtuse; lateral and posterior margins gentlyarcuate; PW/PL 2.57. Scutellum small, equilateral-triangular.Elytra oval, strongly convex dorsally, broadest at the middle;humeral parts gently projecting dorsally; EL/EW 1.26; EL/PL4.65; EW/PW 1.43; TL/EW 1.54.

Tegmen large, well sclerotized; proximal part long, peg-like; parameres wide, distinctly projecting anteriorly inantero-lateral corners, projecting subtriangularly in innerand outer corners of apices. Penis long, slightly asymmetri-cal, well sclerotized, about 1.5 times as long as tegmen; palashort, oblong, widest at proximal 1/3 of pala; parameroidsvery long, asymmetrical, almost straight, left one slightlylonger than right one, excised at inner margin of left apex;trigonium consisting of a long lobe, straight, shorter thanparameroids, obtuse at apex; median plate indistinct.

Female. Unknown.

Measurements. TL 2.09 mm; PW 0.95 mm; PL 0.37 mm; EL1.72 mm; EW 1.36 mm.

Remarks. The species belongs to the pallidicollis speciesgroup, and is related to H. jogjaensis sp.n., H. trilobus Yoshit-omi and M. Satô, 2005, and H. subtrilobus Yoshitomi andM. Satô, 2005. It differs from them by the following charac-teristics: inner corner of parameres projecting interiorly; leftparameroid excised at apex; pala oblong.

Etemology. The species name refers to the shape of the apicesof the tegmen.

3.4. Hydrocyphon serratibasialis sp.n. (See Figures 1(f) and 7)

Type Material. Holotype male (SEHU): “INDIA: KERALADhony Hills 180–450 m 7 DEC 1978 JAP-IND CO TR”.

Male Description. Body oval, well convex dorsally, shiny,closely covered with yellowish-white setae. Coloration ofhead, scutellum, elytra, and ventral surface of thorax andabdomen blackish-brown; pronotum, legs, and antennaeyellowish-brown.

Head moderate in size, slightly convex dorsally, finelypunctuate; clypeus short, straight in front margin; the dis-tance between eyes about 2.2 times as long as the maximumdiameter of an eye. Eyes moderate in size, prominent. Anten-nae rather stout. Pronotum punctuate as in head, lightlydepressed ventrally in lateral parts; front and lateral marginsstraight; antero-lateral corners about 120◦; postero-lateralcorners right-angle; posterior margin gently arcuate; PW/PL

Psyche 11

1 m

m0.

1 m

m

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d) (e)

(a)

(b)–(e)

Figure 7: Hydrocyphon serratibasialis sp.n., holotype, male. (a) Sternites V–VII; (b) tergite VIII; (c) sternite IX; (d) tegmen; (e) penis.

2.78. Scutellum small, equilateral triangular. Elytra oval,strongly convex dorsally, broadest at the middle; humeralparts gently projecting dorsally; EL/EW 1.21; EL/PL 4.59;EW/PW 1.36; TL/EW 1.48.

Caudal margin of sternite VII gently arcuate. TergiteVIII moderately sclerotized, trapezoidal, bearing short spinesalong caudal margin, sparsely covered with short setae incaudal part, with a pair of slender apodemes, Sternites IXslightly sclerotized, upturned in postero-lateral parts, with apair of long apodemes. Tegmen long, well sclerotized; prox-imal part short, expanded antero-laterally; parameres long,minutely serrate in mesal part of inner margin, distinctlyprotruding postero-laterally in apical parts, projecting ante-riorly in antero-lateral corners. Penis asymmetrical, long,well sclerotized, about 0.9 times as long as tegmen; palaoblong, widest at basal 1/6; parameroids longer than tri-gonium, finely punctuate; trigonium consisting of two lobes,longer one forked, shorter one slender; median plate indis-tinct.

Female. Unknown.


Remarks. The species belongs to the deflexicollis speciesgroup, but is a distinct species having a characterized tegmen.

Etymology. The species name refers to the shape of the teg-men: “serrati−” = serrate + “basialis” = basal.

3.5. Hydrocyphon doiinthanonensis sp.n. (See Figures 1(g) and

8)

Type Material. Holotype male (EUMJ): “[North THAI]Maeo Khun klang 1350 m, Doi Inthanon 19. X. 1983 M.Sakai”.

Male Description. Body oval, well convex dorsally, weaklyshiny, closely covered with yellowish-white setae. Colorationof body brown, but antennae, apical part of femora, tibiae,and tarsi pale brown.

Head moderate in size, slightly convex dorsally, finelypunctuate; clypeus short, straight in front margin; the dis-tance between eyes about 2.3 times as long as the maximumdiameter of an eye. Eyes moderate in size, prominent. Anten-nae rather stout. Pronotum punctuate as in head, slightlydepressed ventrally in lateral parts; front and lateral marginsstraight; antero-lateral corners about 120◦; postero-lateralcorners almost right-angle; posterior margin gently arcuate;PW/PL 2.45. Scutellum small, equilateral triangular. Elytraoval, broadest at basal 1/4; humeral parts indistinctly pro-jecting; EL/EW 1.28; EL/PL 4.63; EW/PW 1.48; TL/EW 1.55.

Caudal margin of sternite VII gently arcuate. TergiteVIII moderately sclerotized, trapezoidal, bearing short spinesalong caudal margin, sparsely covered with short setae in

12 Psyche

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d) (e)

(a)

(b)–(e)

0.5

mm

0.1

mm

Figure 8: Hydrocyphon doiinthanonensis sp.n., holotype, male. (a) Sternites V–VII; (b) tergite VIII; (c) tergite IX; (d) sternite IX; (e) tegmen.

caudal part, with a pair of short apodemes. Sternite IXslightly sclerotized, bearing irregular setae in caudal part,with a pair of long apodemes. Tergite IX slightly sclerotized,trapezoidal, concave and bearing short spines in caudalmargin, upturned in postero-lateral parts, bearing shortsetae in caudal part, with a pair of long apodemes. Tegmenlarge, well sclerotized; proximal part short, subparallel-sided;parameres long, projecting laterally in apices, projectingsubtriangularly in anterior corners. Penis missing.

Female. Unknown.


Remarks. The species belongs to the deflexicollis speciesgroup. This species is distinguished from the previouslyknown species by the concave posterior margin of the sterniteand tergite IX and the shape of the parameres of the tegmen.

Etymology. The species is named after the type locality.

3.6. Hydrocyphon klapperichi sp.n. (See Figures 1(h) and 9)

Type Material. Holotype male (SMNS): “INDONESIEN:Sumatra, Prov. Aceh-Selatan, Babahrot 15–20. 8. 1983 leg. J.KLAPPERICH”.

Paratypes 2 female (SMNS): same data as for the holo-type.

Male Description. Body oval, convex dorsally, shiny, closelycovered with yellowish-white setae. Coloration of bodyblackish-brown, but lateral parts of pronotum and legs paler.

Head moderate in size, flat in dorsal surface, finely punc-tuate; clypeus short, straight in front margin; the distancebetween eyes about 2.2 times as long as the maximumdiameter of an eye. Eyes relatively large, prominent. Prono-tum punctuate as in head, slightly depressed ventrally inlateral parts; front and lateral margins straight; antero-lateral corners 120◦; postero-lateral corners right-angle;

Psyche 13

0.5

mm

0.1

mm

(a)

(b)(c) (d)

(a)

(b)–(d)

Figure 9: Hydrocyphon klapperichi sp.n., holotype, male. (a) Sternites V–VII; (b) tergite IX; (c) tegmen; (d) penis.

posterior margin gently arcuate; PW/PL 2.53. Scutellum rel-atively large, equilateral-triangular. Elytra oval, rather convexdorsally, broadest at basal 1/3; humeral part indistinctlyprojecting; EL/EW 1.20; EL/PL 4.27; EW/PW 1.41; TL/EW1.48.

Caudal margin of sternite VII gently arcuate. Tergite VIIImoderately sclerotized, trapezoidal, with a short apodemes.Tergite IX slightly sclerotized, bearing short setae in apicalpart, with a pair of long apodemes. Tegmen relativelylarge, moderately sclerotized; proximal part peg-like, short;parameres obscure, serrate at lateral margins, projecting andbifid in antero-lateral corners, punctuate; lateral projectionsvery long, as long as parameres. Penis asymmetrical, long,well sclerotized, about 2.1 times as long as tegmen; palaoblong, gently tapered anteriorly; parameroids distinctlyasymmetrical, closely punctuate, almost straight, left onewider and longer than right one; trigonium consisting of along lobe, shorter than parameroids, obtuse at apex; medianplate indistinct.

Female. Sexual dimorphism indistinct in external features,but body is somewhat larger; PW/PL 2.50–2.67 (2.58);EL/EW 1.46–1.47 (1.47); EL/PL 4.05–4.56 (4.30); EW/PW1.10–1.17 (1.13); TL/EW 1.79–1.84 (1.81).

Measurements. Male (n = 1): TL 1.58 mm; PW 0.76 mm; PL0.30 mm; EL 1.28 mm; EW 1.07 mm. Female (n = 2): TL 2.02& 2.50 mm; PW 1.00 & 1.20 mm; PL 0.40 & 0.45 mm; EL 1.62& 2.05 mm; EW 1.10 & 1.40 mm.

Remarks. The shape of the tegmen of this species is similar tothat of the mirabilis, the tamilensis, the kinabalensis, and therenati species groups, but this species is easily distinguishedfrom the latter by the serrate parameres and the shape of the

penis. Judging from the shape of the penis (e.g., asymmet-rical parameroids and single projection of trigonium), thisspecies probably belongs to the pallidicollis species group.

Etymology. The species is named after Dr. J. Klapperich, whowas the collector of the holotype.

3.7. Hydrocyphon deformis sp.n. (See Figures 1(i) and 10)

Type Material. Holotype male (SEHU): “INDIA: KERALADhony Hills 180–450 m 7 DEC 1978 JAP-IND CO TR.”

Male Description. Body oval, well convex dorsally, stronglyshiny, closely covered with yellowish-white setae. Colorationblackish-brown, but lateral parts of pronotum, mouth parts,antennae, and legs paler.

Head moderate in size, flat in dorsal surface, finely punc-tuate; clypeus relatively long, straight in front margin; thedistance between eyes about 2.5 times as long as the maxi-mum diameter of an eye. Eyes moderate in size, prominent.Antennae short and stout, reaching about proximal 1/3 ofelytra. Pronotum strongly transverse, punctuate as in head,depressed ventrally in lateral parts; front and lateral mar-gins straight; antero-lateral corners obtuse, postero-lateralcorners almost right-angle; posterior margin arcuate; PW/PL2.80. Scutellum relatively large, equilateral triangular. Elytrasemicircular, well convex dorsally, broadest at basal 1/3;humeral parts slightly projecting dorsally; EL/EW 1.14; EL/PL 4.57; EW/PW 1.43; TL/EW 1.39. Legs relatively long.

Caudal margin of sternite VII gently arcuate. Tergite VIIImoderately sclerotized, trapezoidal, bearing short setae andspines along caudal margin, with a pair of short apodemes.Tergite IX membranous, with a pair of long and slender apo-demes. Sternite IX slightly sclerotized, oblong, bearing shortsetae in postero-lateral parts. Tegmen moderately sclerotized;proximal part peg-like, short; parameres short, obtuse at

14 Psyche

1 m

m0.

1 m

m

(a)

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)

(b)–(f)

Figure 10: Hydrocyphon deformis sp.n., holotype, male. (a) Sternites V–VII; (b) tergite VIII; (c) tergite IX; (d) sternite IX; (e) tegmen;(f) penis.

(a) (b)

Figure 11: Habitats of Hydrocyphon spp. (a) Ngaglik, Yogyakarta (type locality of H. jogjaensis sp.n., 28. II. 2010, photo by H. Yoshitomi);(b) Kinabalu Park, Sabah (type locality of H. takizawai sp.n., 4. V. 2010, photo by H. Yoshitomi).

Psyche 15

apices; lateral projections long. Penis asymmetrical, long,about 2.1 times as long as tegmen; pala oblong, subparallel-sided, arcuate in caudal margin; parameroids distinctlyasymmetrical, left one wide and closely punctuate, diagonalin apical margin, right one distinctly curved inwardly,slender, with rather pointed apex; trigonium a little shorterthan parameroids, serrate at apex; median plate short.

Female. Unknown.


Remarks. Judging from the shape of the penis in having anasymmetrical trigonium projection, this species belongs tothe pallidicollis species group; however, the shape of thetegmen of this species is similar to that of the mirabilis, thetamilensis, and the renati species groups. This species is alsosimilar to H. kinabalensis Yoshitomi and Satô, 2005 [2] in theshape of the tegmen and the left parameroid of the penis, butdiffers from it by the presence of trigonium and plate-likesternite IX.

Etymology. The species name refers to the shape of the teg-men.

4. New Combination of the Species

4.1. Hydrocyphon sieberi [15], Comb.n

Remarks. Judging from the original description and figures[15], this species clearly belongs to the pallidicollis speciesgroup of the genus Hydrocyphon. It is closely similar to H.guangxiensis Yoshitomi and Klausnitzer, 2003 [1], knownfrom China, and differs from it by the shape of the rightparameroid which has small projections at the inner marginof the apex (lacking projection in guangxiensis).

Distribution. India.

5. Additional Specimens Examined

5.1. Hydrocyphon sakaii Yoshitomi and Satô, 2003 [4]

Additional Specimens Examined. 9 Males (EUMJ), “(LAOS)Ban Saleui Xam Neua 30-31. III. 2005 J. Yamasako leg.”; 1female (EUMJ), “Mt. Phu Pan, 1500–1800 m, N20′11E104′01 Houaphan Prov. N. E. Laos 21–25. V. 2004 T. Mizu-sawa”; 1 male (EUMJ), “Phu Pan (Mt.) alt. 1500–1800 mN20◦11′/E104◦01′ Laos 25. IV-5. V. 2004′′; 2 males (EUMJ),ditto, but “16–19. V. 2004, M. Sato leg.”

Distribution. Laos.

5.2. Hydrocyphon wakaharai Yoshitomi and Satô, 2003 [4]

Additional Specimens Examined. 1 Male (EUMJ), “[N. Laos]Phu-Pan Alt. ca. 1600–1750 m Xam Neua Pref. Houapanprovince 21. V. 2005 T. Kurihara leg.”; 3 males (EUMJ), “N-VIETNAM: Tam Dao 21◦28′N 105◦38′E 19. 5.–13.6., 800–1000 m leg. Malicky 1995,” genit. s. nos. HY 857, 878, 882; 1male, “Mt. Phu Bia Saisombun Laos 21-III-2005 M. Sato leg.”

Distribution. Laos, Vietnam.

5.3. Hydrocyphon javanicus Yoshitomi and Satô, 2005 [2]

Additional Specimens Examined. 3 Males and 3 females(EUMJ), “(Indonesia) Ciburum alt. 1,600 m Mt. Gede, JawaBarat VII. 27. 1977 Shinji Nagai leg.”; 1 male (EUMJ), dittobut “20. VII. 1997.”

Distribution. Indonesia (Java Isl.).

5.4. Hydrocyphon triforius Yoshitomi and Satô, 2005 [2]

Additional Specimen Examined. 1 Male (EUMJ), “Ban AChia 890 m Lai Chau N. Vietnam 8-V-1995 Y. Nishikawa”,genit. s. no. HY 1098.

Distribution. Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam (new record).

5.5. Hydrocyphon tamilensis Yoshitomi and Satô, 2005 [2]

Additional Specimens Examined. 2 Males & 1 female (SEHU),“INDIA: TAMIL N. Coonoor 1700–1900 m 29 NOV 1978JAP-IND CO TR.”

Distribution. India.

Acknowledgments

The author wish to express his sincere gratitude to Dr.Masahiro Ohara (SEHU), Dr. Wolfgang Schawaller (SMNS),and H. Uno (Kyoto University) for providing the opportu-nity to examine the specimens, and Dr. Nugroho SusandyaPutra, Ahmad Taufiq Arminudin, Mohammad Ikbal, andAtu Ira (Gadjah Mada University), Dr. Haruo Takizawa(Saitama), and Yusuke Minoshima (Hokkaido University)for their help in the field investigations in 2009-2010. He alsothanks Ruth Vergin for checking an early draft.

References

[1] H. Yoshitomi and B. Klausnitzer, “Scirtidae: world check list ofHydrocyphon Redtenbacher, and revision of the Chinese spe-cies,” in Water Beetles of China, M. A. Jäch and L. Ji, Eds., vol. 3,pp. 519–537, Zoologisch-Botanische Gesellschaft and WienerColeopterologenverein, Wien, Austria, 2003.

[2] H. Yoshitomi and M. Satô, “Scirtidae of the Oriental region,part 8. New species and additional record of the genus

16 Psyche

Hydrocyphon (Coleoptera: Scirtidae),” Entomological Review ofJapan, vol. 60, no. 1, pp. 153–206, 2005.

[3] H. Yoshitomi, “Scirtidae of the Oriental region part 1. Anew species of the genus Elodes (Coleoptera, Scirtidae) fromLaos, with a species list of the genus Elodes known from theOriental region,” Special bulletin of the Japanese Society ofColeopterology, no. 6, pp. 227–231, 2003.

[4] H. Yoshitomi and M. Satô, “Scirtidae of the Oriental region,part 2. The genus Hydrocyphon (Coleoptera, Scirtidae) ofLaos,” Japanese Journal of Systematic Entomology, vol. 9, no. 1,pp. 223–235, 2003.

[5] H. Yoshitomi and M. Satô, “Scirtidae of the Oriental regions,part 3. A new species of the genus Prionocyphon (Coleoptera:Scirtidae) from Laos, with a world check list of the species,”Entomological Review of Japan, vol. 58, no. 2, pp. 187–190,2003.

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orientalhydrocyphon(coleoptera:scirtidae:scirtinae ......nyholm, 1967 spain...

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