otec - the future of energy€¦ · otec - the future of energy by hans krock ph.d, pe emeritus...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: OTEC - The Future of Energy€¦ · OTEC - The Future of Energy by Hans Krock Ph.D, PE Emeritus Professor University of Hawai’i Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071116/5ffd45b2a521545ad2504485/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
OTEC - The Future of
Energy by Hans Krock Ph.D, PE
Emeritus Professor University of Hawai’i
Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC
![Page 2: OTEC - The Future of Energy€¦ · OTEC - The Future of Energy by Hans Krock Ph.D, PE Emeritus Professor University of Hawai’i Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071116/5ffd45b2a521545ad2504485/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
© Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC
● Largest Energy Resource in the World
● Renewable
● Baseload Power
● Environmentally Beneficial
● Economical
Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion – OTEC
![Page 3: OTEC - The Future of Energy€¦ · OTEC - The Future of Energy by Hans Krock Ph.D, PE Emeritus Professor University of Hawai’i Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071116/5ffd45b2a521545ad2504485/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
© Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC
Earth’s Solar Energy Flux
![Page 4: OTEC - The Future of Energy€¦ · OTEC - The Future of Energy by Hans Krock Ph.D, PE Emeritus Professor University of Hawai’i Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071116/5ffd45b2a521545ad2504485/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
© Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC
● Ocean Temperature in °C at 0 m and 1000 m depth
●
Global Ocean Temperature
![Page 5: OTEC - The Future of Energy€¦ · OTEC - The Future of Energy by Hans Krock Ph.D, PE Emeritus Professor University of Hawai’i Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071116/5ffd45b2a521545ad2504485/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
© Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC
∆T in Pacific Ocean
Source: National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL)
![Page 6: OTEC - The Future of Energy€¦ · OTEC - The Future of Energy by Hans Krock Ph.D, PE Emeritus Professor University of Hawai’i Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071116/5ffd45b2a521545ad2504485/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
© Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC
Where Cyclones Roam
![Page 7: OTEC - The Future of Energy€¦ · OTEC - The Future of Energy by Hans Krock Ph.D, PE Emeritus Professor University of Hawai’i Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071116/5ffd45b2a521545ad2504485/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
© Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC
Closed Cycle OTEC Principle
Rankine Cycle Kalina Cycle
Entropy
Tem
per
atu
re °
C
![Page 8: OTEC - The Future of Energy€¦ · OTEC - The Future of Energy by Hans Krock Ph.D, PE Emeritus Professor University of Hawai’i Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071116/5ffd45b2a521545ad2504485/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
© Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC
Closed Cycle OTEC NELHA Pilot Plant
![Page 9: OTEC - The Future of Energy€¦ · OTEC - The Future of Energy by Hans Krock Ph.D, PE Emeritus Professor University of Hawai’i Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071116/5ffd45b2a521545ad2504485/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
© Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC
Design Innovations of Kalina Cycle
![Page 10: OTEC - The Future of Energy€¦ · OTEC - The Future of Energy by Hans Krock Ph.D, PE Emeritus Professor University of Hawai’i Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071116/5ffd45b2a521545ad2504485/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
© Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC
Excisting Kalina Cycles
2 MW Power Plant Husavik, Iceland 3.4 MW Geothermal Power Plant Unterhaching, Germany
![Page 11: OTEC - The Future of Energy€¦ · OTEC - The Future of Energy by Hans Krock Ph.D, PE Emeritus Professor University of Hawai’i Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071116/5ffd45b2a521545ad2504485/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
© Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC
● Hydrogen Fuel
● Potable Water
● Seawater Air Conditioning
● Ice
● Aquaculture
● Agriculture
OTEC Co-products
![Page 12: OTEC - The Future of Energy€¦ · OTEC - The Future of Energy by Hans Krock Ph.D, PE Emeritus Professor University of Hawai’i Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071116/5ffd45b2a521545ad2504485/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
© Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC
Historic Efforts
![Page 13: OTEC - The Future of Energy€¦ · OTEC - The Future of Energy by Hans Krock Ph.D, PE Emeritus Professor University of Hawai’i Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071116/5ffd45b2a521545ad2504485/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
© Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC
Diego Garcia
![Page 14: OTEC - The Future of Energy€¦ · OTEC - The Future of Energy by Hans Krock Ph.D, PE Emeritus Professor University of Hawai’i Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071116/5ffd45b2a521545ad2504485/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
© Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC
Kwajalein
![Page 15: OTEC - The Future of Energy€¦ · OTEC - The Future of Energy by Hans Krock Ph.D, PE Emeritus Professor University of Hawai’i Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071116/5ffd45b2a521545ad2504485/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
© Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC
Platform Technology
DR. ALFRED A. YEE’S
CIDS PLATFORM
![Page 16: OTEC - The Future of Energy€¦ · OTEC - The Future of Energy by Hans Krock Ph.D, PE Emeritus Professor University of Hawai’i Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071116/5ffd45b2a521545ad2504485/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
© Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC
Platform Technology
DR. ALFRED A. YEE’S
CIDS PLATFORM
![Page 17: OTEC - The Future of Energy€¦ · OTEC - The Future of Energy by Hans Krock Ph.D, PE Emeritus Professor University of Hawai’i Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071116/5ffd45b2a521545ad2504485/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
© Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC
Modular Platform Design
![Page 18: OTEC - The Future of Energy€¦ · OTEC - The Future of Energy by Hans Krock Ph.D, PE Emeritus Professor University of Hawai’i Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071116/5ffd45b2a521545ad2504485/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
© Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC
Modular Platform Design
![Page 19: OTEC - The Future of Energy€¦ · OTEC - The Future of Energy by Hans Krock Ph.D, PE Emeritus Professor University of Hawai’i Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071116/5ffd45b2a521545ad2504485/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
© Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC
Deep Ocean Access
![Page 20: OTEC - The Future of Energy€¦ · OTEC - The Future of Energy by Hans Krock Ph.D, PE Emeritus Professor University of Hawai’i Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071116/5ffd45b2a521545ad2504485/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
© Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC
Deep Ocean Access
![Page 21: OTEC - The Future of Energy€¦ · OTEC - The Future of Energy by Hans Krock Ph.D, PE Emeritus Professor University of Hawai’i Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071116/5ffd45b2a521545ad2504485/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
© Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC
Deep Ocean Pipeline
8’ Cold Water Pipe Test Section Kailua Kona, HI
63” Coldwater Air Conditioning Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
![Page 22: OTEC - The Future of Energy€¦ · OTEC - The Future of Energy by Hans Krock Ph.D, PE Emeritus Professor University of Hawai’i Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071116/5ffd45b2a521545ad2504485/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
© Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC
Coldwater Pipe
![Page 23: OTEC - The Future of Energy€¦ · OTEC - The Future of Energy by Hans Krock Ph.D, PE Emeritus Professor University of Hawai’i Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071116/5ffd45b2a521545ad2504485/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
© Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC
● Material Improvements of Concrete
● Flexible Deep Water Pipe
● Modular Design
● Improved Kalina Cycle
● Dr. Al Yee’s Honeycomb CIDS Platform
● Submersible Pumping System
● 12 pt. Mooring System
● Dynamic Positioning
Major Design Innovations
![Page 24: OTEC - The Future of Energy€¦ · OTEC - The Future of Energy by Hans Krock Ph.D, PE Emeritus Professor University of Hawai’i Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071116/5ffd45b2a521545ad2504485/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
© Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC
● Simple
● Commercially Available
● Scientifically Proven
Major Design Innovations
![Page 25: OTEC - The Future of Energy€¦ · OTEC - The Future of Energy by Hans Krock Ph.D, PE Emeritus Professor University of Hawai’i Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071116/5ffd45b2a521545ad2504485/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
© Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC
OTEC Economics
![Page 26: OTEC - The Future of Energy€¦ · OTEC - The Future of Energy by Hans Krock Ph.D, PE Emeritus Professor University of Hawai’i Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071116/5ffd45b2a521545ad2504485/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
© Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC
Alkaline Electrolysis Plant
OTEC - H2 Production
Source: NEL Hydrogen
![Page 27: OTEC - The Future of Energy€¦ · OTEC - The Future of Energy by Hans Krock Ph.D, PE Emeritus Professor University of Hawai’i Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071116/5ffd45b2a521545ad2504485/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
© Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC
Proton Exchange Membrane - PEM Electrolysis
OTEC - H2 Production
Source: Proton OnSite
![Page 28: OTEC - The Future of Energy€¦ · OTEC - The Future of Energy by Hans Krock Ph.D, PE Emeritus Professor University of Hawai’i Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071116/5ffd45b2a521545ad2504485/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
© Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC
Fueling the world with H2 produced on OTEC floating platforms
Fuel Cell Vehicles
Hyundai ix35 Toyota Mirai
Mercedes GLC F-CELL Honda Clarity Fuel Cell GM Fuel Cell
![Page 29: OTEC - The Future of Energy€¦ · OTEC - The Future of Energy by Hans Krock Ph.D, PE Emeritus Professor University of Hawai’i Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071116/5ffd45b2a521545ad2504485/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
© Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC
Fuel Cell Buses
Wrightbus zero-emission bus EvoBus/Daimler bus
Van Hool Hydrogen bus Solaris Urbino 18,75 Electric
![Page 30: OTEC - The Future of Energy€¦ · OTEC - The Future of Energy by Hans Krock Ph.D, PE Emeritus Professor University of Hawai’i Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071116/5ffd45b2a521545ad2504485/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
© Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC
Fuel Cell Truck
https://nikolamotor.com/one
![Page 31: OTEC - The Future of Energy€¦ · OTEC - The Future of Energy by Hans Krock Ph.D, PE Emeritus Professor University of Hawai’i Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071116/5ffd45b2a521545ad2504485/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
© Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC
Alstrom hydrogen train Coradia iLint
Fuel Cell Train
http://www.alstom.com/press-centre/2017/03/alstoms-hydrogen-train-coradia-ilint-first-successful-run-at-80-kmh/
![Page 32: OTEC - The Future of Energy€¦ · OTEC - The Future of Energy by Hans Krock Ph.D, PE Emeritus Professor University of Hawai’i Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071116/5ffd45b2a521545ad2504485/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
© Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC
Hydrogen Potential
![Page 33: OTEC - The Future of Energy€¦ · OTEC - The Future of Energy by Hans Krock Ph.D, PE Emeritus Professor University of Hawai’i Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071116/5ffd45b2a521545ad2504485/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
© Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC
Global Warming
![Page 34: OTEC - The Future of Energy€¦ · OTEC - The Future of Energy by Hans Krock Ph.D, PE Emeritus Professor University of Hawai’i Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071116/5ffd45b2a521545ad2504485/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
© Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC
“Business as Usual” Predicted ∆T
Best Case Scenario:
~3° C Warmer
Worst Case Scenario:
~8°C Warmer
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Report
![Page 35: OTEC - The Future of Energy€¦ · OTEC - The Future of Energy by Hans Krock Ph.D, PE Emeritus Professor University of Hawai’i Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071116/5ffd45b2a521545ad2504485/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
© Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC
● Reversal of Global Warming
● Technology Proven and Available
● 100% 24/7 Available Power
● Switch to Hydrogen Fuel Economy
● Eliminate need of importing oil and natural gas
● Preserve Existing Fossil Fuels for manufacture of critical goods
● Utilize Earth’s largest energy resource capable of supplying all of humanity’s energy needs
● WE WILL NEVER RUN OUT OF ENERGY
Summary of Advantages of OTEC
![Page 36: OTEC - The Future of Energy€¦ · OTEC - The Future of Energy by Hans Krock Ph.D, PE Emeritus Professor University of Hawai’i Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071116/5ffd45b2a521545ad2504485/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
© Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC
Future Vision
![Page 37: OTEC - The Future of Energy€¦ · OTEC - The Future of Energy by Hans Krock Ph.D, PE Emeritus Professor University of Hawai’i Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071116/5ffd45b2a521545ad2504485/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
© Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC
Future Vision
![Page 38: OTEC - The Future of Energy€¦ · OTEC - The Future of Energy by Hans Krock Ph.D, PE Emeritus Professor University of Hawai’i Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071116/5ffd45b2a521545ad2504485/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
© Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC
Future Vision
![Page 39: OTEC - The Future of Energy€¦ · OTEC - The Future of Energy by Hans Krock Ph.D, PE Emeritus Professor University of Hawai’i Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071116/5ffd45b2a521545ad2504485/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
© Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC
● 750 MW H2 Production Platforms
● H2 and O2 Tankers Supplying Transportation Fuel and Grid Electricity
● No Air Pollution or Oil Spills
● No Dependence on Limited Resources
● Reversal of Global Warming
Future Vision
![Page 40: OTEC - The Future of Energy€¦ · OTEC - The Future of Energy by Hans Krock Ph.D, PE Emeritus Professor University of Hawai’i Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071116/5ffd45b2a521545ad2504485/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
© Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC
● Frontrunner for OTEC Technologies
● Energy Independence
● The „Green“ State
● Role Model for OTEC Powered Hydrogen Society
● Build up a New Industry
● Creat High Tech Jobs
Vision and Benefits for Hawai’i
![Page 41: OTEC - The Future of Energy€¦ · OTEC - The Future of Energy by Hans Krock Ph.D, PE Emeritus Professor University of Hawai’i Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071116/5ffd45b2a521545ad2504485/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
© Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC
MAHALO
Hans Krock Ph.D PE
![Page 42: OTEC - The Future of Energy€¦ · OTEC - The Future of Energy by Hans Krock Ph.D, PE Emeritus Professor University of Hawai’i Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071116/5ffd45b2a521545ad2504485/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
© Energy Harvesting Systems, LLC
● Follows Initial dilution
● Discharge depth = 60 m
● Ambient current = 0.2 m/s
● Initial Temp = 20.9°C
● Ambient Temp = 23°C
● Horizontal Mixing dominates
● At 1 km, ∆T < 0.5°C
● At 3 km, ∆T is neglible
Laboratory Model
Far Field Plume Transport