1

Overview of Singapore

Water Management

Mr Tay Teck Kiang

Deputy Director (Water Supply Network)

2

Singapore

Land Area 710 km2

Population 5.18 mil (Jun 11)

Average Annual Rainfall 2,400 mm

Average Water Demand 1.73 mil m3/day

Country

Information

3

To ensure a sustainable quality

environment in Singapore To ensure an efficient, adequate and

sustainable supply of water

To deliver and sustain a clean and healthy environment and

water resources for all in Singapore.

PUB : Part of Singapore’s MEWR Family

Clean Land

Clean Air

Public Health

Water Supply

Used Water

Drainage

Background of PUB

4

Early Days of Singapore 1950s -Population = 1m, Demand = 142,000m3/d

Scarce

water

resources

Poor living condition

Water Bill

Payment

5

6

sea

From sourcing, collection, purification and supply of drinking water, to treatment of used

water and turning it into NEWater, drainage of storm water

The Water Loop

rain stormwater

management

collection

of rainfall

in drains &

reservoirs

treatment of

raw to potable

water

reclamation

of

used water

collection

of used water

in sewers supply of

water to the

population &

industries

treatment

of

used water

desalination

7

Ensuring Water Sustainability

for Singapore

Local catchment

Imported water

NEWater

Desalinated water

4 National Taps 3P Approach

“Conserve Water”

“Value Our Water”

“Enjoy Our Waters”

“Water for All” “Conserve, Value, Enjoy”

8

Integrating the Water Loop : Water for All

9

Punggol

Legend

Unprotected Water Catchment

Protected Water Catchment

Recently Completed

Protected Catchment

Unprotected Catchment

Urban Stormwater Collection

System

o Punggol-Serangoon Reservoirs and Marina Reservoir completed

o Catchment area increased to two thirds in 2011

o Potential to reach 90% in future with R&D

MacRitchie Reservoir

Marina Reservoir

Punggol Serangoon Reservoir

Local Catchments : Harvesting Every Drop

First National Tap

10

Creating a reservoir in the city

• Urban catchment - 1/6 of Singapore

• 3-in-1 function: water storage, flood

control, lifestyle attraction

• Officially opened by the Prime

Minister on 31st Oct 08

• > One million visitors to date

Local Catchments: Marina Barrage

11

Imported Water from Johor

• Two water agreements with Johor, Malaysia

o1961 to 2011

o1962 to 2061

Second National Tap

12

NEWater capacity currently meets 30% of Singapore’s water needs and will increase to 50% by 2060

NEWater Third National Tap

•Kranji

•Bedok

•Ulu Pandan NEWater Plant by Keppel Seghers – DBOO

•Sembcorp NEWater Plant - DBOO

13

SingSpring Desalination Plant

Officially opened by PM Lee on

13 Sep 2005

136,000 m3 per day

20 year DBOO plant by

SingSpring Pte Ltd, a Hyflux

subsidiary

Desalinated Water Fourth National Tap

14

Ensuring Water Sustainability

for Singapore

Local catchment

Imported water

NEWater

Desalinated water

4 National Taps 3P Approach

“Conserve Water”

“Value Our Water”

“Enjoy Our Waters”

“Water for All” “Conserve, Value, Enjoy”

3P Approach

“Conserve Water”

“Value Our Water”

“Enjoy Our Waters”

“Conserve, Value, Enjoy”

15

UFW Control

Good

Customer

Service –

Reliability

&

Quality

Leakage Control

Accurate Metering

Good Quality Network &

Efficient Management

Strict Legislation OUTCOME

Low UFW

Customer Relationship

Management

Water Conservation

Water

Conservation

Strategy

Pricing

Reflect the strategic

importance and

scarcity value of water

Facilitation

3P approach

Funding

Promote ownership of

water conservation

Mandatory

Cut down on excessive

flow and wastage of

water

0.0

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

10.0

12.0

1989

1990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

10.6

9.5

7.7

6.7 6.4

6.0 6.2 5.9

4.9 4.7 5.1 5.2 5.3

4.8 5.0 5.2 4.7 4.5 4.4 4.4 4.6

~ 5 4.96

% O

F T

OT

AL

OU

TP

UT

Water Demand Management

UFW < 5% 166

165 165 165 165 165

162 160

158 157 156

155 154

153

150

155

160

165

170

19

98

19

99

20

00

20

01

20

02

20

03

20

04

20

05

20

06

20

07

20

08

20

09

20

10

20

11

Pe

r C

apit

a D

om

est

ic C

on

sum

pti

on

(l

it/p

erso

n/d

ay)

Per Capita Domestic Consumption (1998-2011)

16

Overview of Water Supply System

Pipelines

17

Good Customer

Service –

Reliability & Quality

Leakage Control

Accurate Metering

Good Quality Network

& Efficient Management

Strict Legislation

OUTCOME

Low UFW

Integrated Network Management System

Customer

Relationship Management

18

Good Quality Network & Efficient Management

New Network

• Good planning & design – sizing of pipes, location

of valves, alternate supplies, etc

•Strict supervision & control on workmanship

• Use Good quality / corrosion resistant material – Connections : Copper – Mains (100 – 300 mm) : cement-lined DI – ( ≥ 700 mm) : cement-lined steel

Existing network

• Servicing and maintenance of valves / hydrants

• Mains Renewal Programme - Unlined CI mains and GI connections (in 80s / 90s) - Old problematic CI Mains (2000 – 2004) - Asbestos Cement Mains (2003 – 2008)

• Ongoing pipe replacement programme

19

Active Leakage Control Dynamic Leak Detection Programme

– Divide Singapore into ~ 300 zones

– Frequency of checks based on

age/material type of mains & leak history

– Use of advanced leak detection equipt

including leak localisers

– Cover 10 – 20 km length of pipes / day

Dry weather flow by other PUB in charge of

drains and waterways

20

Accurate Metering

100 % metering for usage and billing

Type of meters in use

• Electromagnetic meters at waterworks

• Class C volumetric meters at

households

• Compound meters to capture both

low and high flows in non-domestic

premises

Domestic Meter

Compound Meter

Electromagnetic meter

15 mm meter

(Replace every 15 yrs

or > 4,000 m3)

Compound meter

(Replace every 2-7 yrs)

21

PUB-One

•Quick Response to Public Reports

– 24 x 7 Contact / Operations Centre:

PUB – One WSOC

Customer Relationships Management

•One-stop contact centre for Board’s

services

•Customers can contact us thru:

Telephone, Email, Fax, SMS, VoIP, WebChat

WSOC (Water Service & Operations Centre)

•Quick response service

van crew

22

Strict Legislation – Deter Illegal Draw-Offs

• Very Few Cases

• Strict Enforcement

• Public Utilities Act

• Prosecution in court - Max Penalties: - $50,000 fine or;

- 3 years jail term or;

- both fine & jail term

23

UFW - Sustainable Work Processes Involving

Everyone

Mainlaying - Use good quality pipes - Good worksmanship

Proper accounting through Metering - use good quality and accurate meters - Size meters according to usage

Enforcement - high penalty - very few cases

Network Optimisation - Optimise system pressure - Reduce likelihood of leaks

PRV

PRV

PRV

Yishun

Park

Yishun Ave 5

N

Network management - Maintenance of network - Replace old/leaking mains -Proper Records - AIMS

Leakage Control - Dynamic leak detection - 24/7 contact centre

Planning & Design - Proper positioning of valves - Optimise network design

Effective Management, Staffing & Training

24

Water Conservation

Strategy

Pricing

Reflect the strategic

importance and

scarcity value of water

Facilitation

3P approach

Funding

Promote ownership of

water conservation

Mandatory

Cut down on excessive

flow and wastage of

water

3-Prong Water Conservation Strategy

25

Potable Water Used Water

Tariff

category

Consumption block

(m3 per mth)

Tariff

(¢/m3)

WCT1

(%)

Total

(¢/m3)

WBF2

(¢/m3)

SAF3

(¢/appliance)

Domestic 1 to 40 117 30 152 30 300

Above 40 140 45 203 30 300

Non-domestic All units 117 30 152 60 300

1: Water Conservation Tax – Tax on consumption to reinforce the water conservation message

2: Waterborne Fee – Volume-based used water fee

3: Sanitary Appliance Fee – Fixed used water fee based on the number of sanitary appliances

Conserve: Pricing

• Volume-based billing

• Regulated by Ministry (Environment & Water Resources)

26

Website Portal

Water Volunteer

Groups (WVGs) Installation of

Dual Flush

LCFCs (Mandatory from

July 2009)

Water

Efficiency

Labeling

Scheme (Mandatory from

July 2009)

Enhanced Water

Efficient Homes

Domestic

Shower taps &

mixers

Sink / Bib taps &

mixers

Dual flush low

capacity flushing

cisterns

Basin taps &

mixers

Urinals & urinal

flush valves

Shower taps &

mixers

Sink / Bib taps &

mixers

Dual flush low

capacity flushing

cisterns

Basin taps &

mixers

Urinals & urinal

flush valves

Shower taps &

mixers

Shower taps &

mixers

Sink / Bib taps &

mixers

Sink / Bib taps &

mixers

Dual flush low

capacity flushing

cisterns

Dual flush low

capacity flushing

cisterns

Basin taps &

mixers

Basin taps &

mixers

Urinals & urinal

flush valves

Urinals & urinal

flush valves

Conserve

27

Non-Domestic Sector

Reduce Replace

Water Efficient Building MWELS

NEWater /seawater/ rainwater /

Technology – air cool, waterless urinal, etc

Reuse

Promote Recycling

Pricing

Mandatory

Requirements

Water Conservation Framework for

Non Domestic Sector

28

10% Challenge Website portal

Water Efficiency Manager Course

Water Efficient Building Design

Guide

Water Efficiency Management Plan

• To challenge the non-domestic sector, particularly the hotels, schools, commercial

buildings, government office buildings, etc, to work towards becoming a WEB and save

10% of their monthly water consumption.

Conserve

To-date, more than 2,300 buildings/premises

are certified as Water Efficient Buildings

Water Efficient Building (WEB)

Non-Domestic: 10% Challenge

29

The Blue Map of Singapore

30

Cultivating environmental responsibility among people

ABC Waters Programme Launched in 2006, ABC Waters Programme is about:

A. ACTIVE

New recreational spaces

B. BEAUTIFUL

Integration of waters with urban landscape

C. CLEAN

Improved water quality

“… Turn Singapore into a city of gardens and water” Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong,

At ABC Waters Public Exhibition Opening

(Feb 07)

31

Before New features include floating platform for performances

and educational interactive water features

Completed in Apr 2008

Completed ABC Waters project – Kolam Ayer Waterfront

32

Completed ABC Waters project – Bedok Reservoir

Before

New Features:

• Landscaping along the banks

• Floating deck with

performance stage and

fishing deck

• Viewing Galleries on

reservoir banks

Completed in June 2008

33

Fishing & viewing platform

Completed ABC Waters project – Pandan Reservoir

Amenities Centre

After Before

34

Completed Project - Sengkang Floating Island

A floating boardwalk connects

the island and the park

A fixed bridge connecting

floating island to the Anchorvale

CC

The floating island helps to filter

water while providing a

transition from community club

to park

Artist Impression. Design subject to amendment

35

Before

Completed ABC Project - Kallang River-Bishan Park

36

• National Research Foundation set aside S$330mil over five years to

grow the water industry

• 2015 Targets:

i. Increase value-add from S$0.5bn to S$1.7bn

ii. Double number of jobs to 11,000

• Agencies

– Funding:

– Key Agencies:

Growing the Water Sector

Ministry of the

Environment and

Water Resources

PUB, the national

water agency

Economic

Development Board

National University

of Singapore

Nanyang Technological

University

37

USED WATER TREATMENT

DIRECTOR (TECHNOLOGY)

INTELLIGENT WATERSHED

MANAGEMENT

MEMBRANE

NETWORK MANAGEMENT

WATER TREATMENT

WATER QUALITY

Pilot

Scale

Demonstration

Scale

Fundamental

Research

38

Sea

Rain

Intelligent

Watershed

Management

Intelligent

Watershed

Management

Membrane

Distillation

Nanostructured

Photocatalyst

Membrane

Bioreactor

Membrane

Bioreactor

Integrated Anaerobic-Aerobic

Used Water Treatment Bio-scrubber

for Odour

Control

Remote

Monitoring

of VOCs

Fish Activity

Monitoring

System

Variable

Salinity Plant

Indirect

Potable Use Direct Non-

potable use

Research and Development in our Water Loop

Water Quality &

Water Security

39

System

Integrators Desalination Wastewater treatment Liquid separation Membrane systems

Consultancy/

Engrg Svcs Feasibility studies Technical consultancy Project Management

Equipment

Suppliers Filtration equipment Disinfection equipment Control system providers

Township

devt

Membranes

Suppliers

Pharma

F&B

UPW

Water Treatment

Chemicals

Utilities

Companies

Govt bodies

BOO contractors

Multi-utilities Financing

Industrial

wastewater

treatment

Testing &

Analysis

Services

Municipal

wastewater

treatment

Materials

•CAWT

•Setsco

•NUS

•NTU

•Keppel Seghers

•Hyflux

•SembEnviro

•Veolia Water

•Darco

•Dayen

•Siemens

•GE Water

•Veolia Water

•Pall

•Chemitreat

•GrahamTek

•CH2MHill

•Black & Veatch

•CDM

•MWH

•CPG

•PUBC

•Nalco

•BioLab

•Chemitreat

• Zenon

• Hyflux

• Memcor/Siemens

Water

• Hydranuatics

• Toray

A vibrant Singapore Water Industry

Building a global hub in environment and water in Singapore

40

• Inaugural event started in 2008

• Gained traction as a premier global water event

• Key highlights include Lee Kuan Yew Water

Prize, Water Leaders Summit (by invitation

only), Water Convention, Water Expo &

Business Forums

• 5th SIWW held in conjunction with World Cities

Summit & CleanEnviro Summit Singapore

The Global Platform for the Sharing and Co-Creation of

Innovative Water Solutions

Programme Concept

Lee Kuan Yew Water

Prize

An international water prize to recognise the achievements of individuals and/or

organisations in the development of breakthrough water technologies

Water Leaders Summit A by-invitation, high-level event bringing together global water leaders to discuss

pertinent water issues and policy solutions

Water Convention A leading-edge international technology conference to share and discuss technical

solutions

Water Expo An international water technologies exhibition showcasing leading water technologies

and products

Business Forums A platform for networking, business matching & sharing of market opportunities

41

SIWW 2014 (1 – 5 June 2014) • Discussions and opportunities focused on the cities-

water-environment nexus, municipal and industrial

areas, and innovative technologies and solutions

• Why you should attend:

Uncover business opportunities in growing water sectors

such as industrial sector, smart water, desalination etc.

Build relationships with leaders from water, cities and

environment via structured networking opportunities

A thematic Water Expo for better profiling and marketing

SIWW 2012 saw: • More than 19,000 delegates • 104 countries/regions • S$13.6 billion worth of announcements • 750 participating companies at the Water Expo

The Global Platform for the Sharing and Co-Creation of

Innovative Water Solutions

42

Thank you Thank you