p1f2 saja nak test
TRANSCRIPT
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C1-1cgdean201
2@smkdbd
Tarikh : ../../.
Bab 1 : DUNIA MELALUI DERIA KITA
1.1 Organ deria
1.1.1 Organ deria & fungsinya
A Lengkapkan pengurusan grafik dibawah dengan perkataan yang diberikan untuk
menunjukkan organ deria, rangsangan yang diterima & jenis deria yang terlibat
Cahaya Penglihatan Telingaata !ulit"au #asa Lidah $idung "unyi
Organ deria
%enis rangsangan yang diterima
"ahan kimia "ahan kimia entuhan
akit
Panas
ejuk
Pendengaran entuhan
akit
Panas
ejuk
%enis deria yang terlibat
B Lengkapkan 'arta alir di bawah tentang aliran impuls melalui saraf setelah rangsanganditerima oleh kulit
#eseptor (organ deria) Otak saraf *fektor (otot)
#angsangan araf impuls
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C1-2cgdean2012@smkdbd
Tarikh : ../../.
1.2 Sense of Touch
1.+.1 !ulit
Tujuan(a) engenal pasti struktur kulit yang terlibat dalam pengesanan
rangsangan
(b) engenal pasti& menyatakan fungsi setiap jenis reseptor
"ahan Carta, model atau transparensi yang menunjukkan struktur kulit
Langkah
1 Perhatikan'arta, model atau transparensi yang menunjukkankeratan rentas kulit
2 "in'angkan dengan guru & rakanrakan anda tentang struktur kulit3 !enal pasti jenis reseptor yang terlibat dalam pengesanan
rangsangan dan label rajah tentang keratan rentas kulit manusia dibawah
Pemerhatian
-nalisis
1 amakan limajenis reseptor yang terdapat pada kulit
Pain , heat ,pressure , touch and cold re'eptors.
2 Padankan reseptor pada kulit dengan jenis rangsangan yang dikesan
#eseptor panas ejuk
#eseptor sejuk Panas
#eseptor sentuhan akit
#eseptor tekanan Tekanan
#eseptor sakit entuhan
3 amakan jenis reseptor yang terdapat dalam tisu adipos (lemak)
Pressure receptors
4 amakan jenis reseptor yang berada dekat dengan permukaan kulit
Pain receptor
5 amakan jenis reseptor yang menerima rangsangan apabila
seseorang diberikan suntikan
!esimpulan !ulit mempunyai reseptor yang peka terhadap
1. 4.
3.
2. 5.
6.
#eseptor panas #eseptor sentuhan #eseptor sejuk#eseptor sakit #eseptor tekanan araf
!eratan rentas kulit
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C1-3cgdean201
2@smkdbd
Tarikh : ../../.
1.+.+ !epekaan kulit
Tujuanenunjukkan kepekaan kulit terhadap pelbagai rangsangan padabahagian badan yang berlainan
"ahan !adbod tebal, pen'ungkil gigi, pita selofan, jaluran kain
Langkah
1 ediakan bahan seperti yang ditunjukkan di sebelah kanan2 Tutup mata rakan anda dengan jaluran kain
3 Cu'u'k badan rakan anda di bahagianbbahagian yang berikutdengan satu atau dua pen'ungkil gigi
(a) hujung jari (e) lutut(b) belakang leher (f) tapak kaki
(') bibir (g) tapak tangan(d) siku (h) belakang telinga
4 inta rakan anda teka bilangan pen'ungkil gigi yang digunakan untukmen'u'uk bahagian tertentu di badannya
5 'atat jawapan rakan anda dalam jadual di bawah
Pemerhatian
Tandakan /0 untuk tekaan yang betul dan /0 sekiranya salah
"ahagian badan"ilangan pen'ungkil gigi !epekaan
(tinggi atau rendah)atu ua
$ujung jari"elakang leher
"ibir
iku
Lutut
Tapak kaki
Tapak tangan
"elakang telinga
-nalisis
1 yatakan duafaktor yang mempengaruhi kepekaan kulit
(a) Thickness of epidermis
(b) Number of receptors
3 -pakah hubungan antara ketebalan epidermis kulit dengan kepekaan
kulit terhadap rangsangan2
emakin thinner epidermis kulit, semakin kulit
terhadap rangsangan
3 -pakah hubungan antara bilangan reseptor dalam kulit dengan
kepekaan kulit terhadap rangsangan2
emakin reseptor di dalam kulit, semakin
kulit terhadap rangsangan
4 yatakan jenis resptor yang paling banyak digunakan oleh orang buta
!esimpulan
1 !epekaan kulit adalah differs di bahagian badan berlainan
2 !epekaan kulit bergantung padaketebalan epidermis dan
bilangan reseptor dalam kulit
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C1-4cgdean2012@smkdbd
Tarikh : ../../.
1.3 Sense of Smell
Tujuan(a) engenal pasti struktur hidung
(b) engenal pasti kedudukan sel deria bau
"ahan Carta, model atau transparensi yang menunjukkan struktur hidung
Langkah
1 Perhatikan'arta, model atau transparensi yang menunjukkankeratan rentas hidung
2 "in'angkan dengan guru & rakanrakan anda tentang struktur hidung3 !enal pasti kedudukan sel deria bau
3 3dentify the position of the sensory 'ells in the nose.
4 Label struktur hidung pada rajah di bawah
Pemerhatian
-nalisis
1 4hat is the sensory organ for smell2
Nose
2 ame the part of the nose that re'ei5es smell stimuli.
Smell receptors/Olfactory cells
3 4here are the re'eptors that are sensiti5e to smell stimuli lo'ated2
3n the upper part of the nasal 'a5ity.
4 The smell re'eptors are always dampened by mu'us. 4hat is the
fun'tion of the mu'us2
To enable chemical substances to dissolve in it and stimulate the
sensory 'ells.
5 4hy does our nose not fun'tion well when we ha5e a flu2
The smell receptors are 'o5ered by a layer of mucus .
6 Complete the flow 'hart below to show the smell pathway from
stimulus to brain.
!esimpulan The smell sensory 'ells are lo'ated in the nose.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Panduan:
araf
#eseptor bau
Lubang hidung#ongga hidung
!eratan rentas hidung
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C1-5cgdean201
2@smkdbd
Tarikh : ../../.
1.4 Sense of Taste
Aim To identify parts of the tongue that are sensitive to different tastes
Material Vinegar sugar solution !ommon salt solution fever medi!ation dissolved in "ater
Apparatus #lean !up stra"s
$ro!edure
1 $la!e a drop of these solutions %"ith no spe!ifi!
se&uen!e' onto different parts of your partner(s
tongue as sho"n in the diagram on the right.
%a' Vinegar
%)' *ugar solution
%!' #ommon salt solution
%d' Medi!ine solution2 +n the ta)le )elo" re!ord "hi!h part of the tongue
is most sensitive to ea!h solution.
3 ,inse the mouth after tasting ea!h solution.
)servation,esult
Ti!/ %' for the tastes of the solutions "hi!h !an )e dete!ted )y the spe!ifi! parts of the
tongue. #ross out %' for tastes "hi!h !annot )e dete!ted.
$art of tongueTaste
0itter *our *"eet *alty
1
2
3
4
56
Analysis 1 *tate the taste of solutions in this a!tivity.
%a' Vinegar Sour %!' *ugar solution Sweet
%)' #ommon salt solution Salty %d' Medi!ine solutionBitter
2 hi!h tastes !an )e dete!ted )y the taste )uds on the tongue
Sour, sweet, salty and bitter
3 Are all parts of the tongue sensitive to the same taste
No
4 hy is it that a dry tongue !annot taste food "ell
Chemical substances in the food must dissolve in the saliva first )efore the taste )uds
!an dete!t tastes.
5 #omplete the flo" !hart )elo" to sho" the taste path"ay from the stimulus to the
)rain.
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C1-6cgdean2012@smkdbd
Tarikh : ../../.
6 0ased on the results of the a!tivity fill in the eample of food and the taste "hi!h the
parts of tongue are sensitive to.
#on!lusionThe taste )uds on the tongue are sensitive to the taste of bitter sour salty andsweet .
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C1-cgdean201
2@smkdbd
Tarikh : ../../.
1.5 Sense of Hearing
1.5.1 The ear
Aim To o)serve and identify ea!h part of the ear and its fun!tion
Material Models !harts or transparen!ies sho"ing the !ross-se!tion of the ear
Apparatus #lean !up stra"s
$ro!edure
1 )serve the models !harts or transparen!ies sho"ing the !ross-se!tion of the ear.
2 +dentify ea!h part of the ear "ith help from your tea!her and friends.
3 a)el the diagram of the ear )elo".
)servation,esult
Analysis
1 hat happens to the eardrum "hen sound "aves hit it
It vibrates.
2 hi!h stru!ture is !onne!ted to the auditory nerve
Cochlea
3 7ame two stru!tures of the ear "hi!h do notplay a part in hearing.
Eustachian tube and semicircular canal
4 7ame the stru!ture "hi!h dete!ts vi)ration and !hanges it into nerve impulse.
Cochlea
5 hi!h part of the ear is distur)ed "hen a person suffers from seasi!/ness
Semicircular canal
#on!lusion The organ of hearing in a person is the ear
1.5.2 8earing me!hanism
9.
:.
4.
3.
a.
1.
2.
!.).
5.
6.
.
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C1-:cgdean2012@smkdbd
Tarikh : ../../.
Part of the ear Function
#olle!ts and dire!ts sound "aves into the ear
#hannels sound "aves to the eardrum
Vi)rates "hen it is hit )y sound "aves
Amplify sound vi)rations
*ends vi)ration from the )ony ossi!les into the inner ear
#hanges sound vi)rations to nerve impulses
*ends nerve impulses to the )rain for interpretation
+nterprets the impulses as sound
Other part of the ear Function
;usta!hian tu)e ;&ualises the air pressure on )oth sides of the ear
*emi!ir!ular !anal #ontrols )ody )alan!e
1.6 Sense of Sight
;ar $inna
Auditory!anal
;ardrum
ssi!les
val "indo"
#o!hlea
Auditorynerve
0rain
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C1-9cgdean201
2@smkdbd
Tarikh : ../../.
1.6.1 The eye
Aim To o)serve and identify ea!h part of the human eye
Material #harts models or transparen!ies sho"ing the !ross-se!tion of the human eye
Apparatus #lean !up stra"s
$ro!edure
1 )serve the !harts models or transparen!ies sho"ing the !ross-se!tion of the humaneye.
2 +dentify ea!h part of the eye "ith your tea!her and friends.3 a)el the diagram of the eye given.
)servation,esult
Analysis
1 hat is the sensory organ of sightEye
2 a)el the front part of the eye.
#on!lusion The organ of sight in a person is the eye
1.6.2 8o" do "e see
Part of the eye Function
1.
2.
3.
4.
6.
.
:.
9.
5.
1
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C1-1 The most sensitive area of the retina> #omprises !ells "hi!h dete!t light and generate impulses
Blind spot The part of the retina "hi!h is not sensitive to light
ra" the si@e of pupil in different situations and state the reason for your ans"er
#ornea
Aqueoushumour
Pupil
Lens
Vitreoushumour
Retina
Optic nerve
Brain
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C1-11cgdean201
2@smkdbd
Tarikh : ../../.
1.6.3 The sight me!hanism
Ans"er the &uestions )elo" on the sight me!hanism in the human eye.
The diagram a)ove sho"s the light rays that are entering the eye.
1 *tate three !hara!teristi!s of the image formed on the retina.
Real, inverted and smaller than the obect
2 hat "ill happen to the image if the o)?e!t is moved a fe" metres awayfrom the eye
0e!omessmaller .
3 hat "ill happen to the eye lens if "e
%a' loo/ at nearo)?e!ts
0e!omes thic!er.
%)' loo/ at distanto)?e!ts
0e!omes thinner.
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C1-12cgdean2012@smkdbd
Tarikh : ../../.
1.7 Light & Sight
1..1 ,efle!tion
Aim To study the a!tion of the refle!tion of light )y a plane mirror Material A ray )o plane mirror ruler protra!tor plasti!ine "hite paper pen!il
$ro!edure
1. ra" a line A0
2. Bse plasti!ine to get plane mirror to stand verti!ally upright on
the line A0
3. ire!t a ray of light from the ray )o on to the plane mirror at
spe!ifi! angle as sho"n in the diagram
4. ra" in!ident ray C refle!ted ray on the "hite paper. ra" the
normal "hi!h is the perpendi!ular line to the mirror at the point of in!iden!e. $aste
your dra"ing in the spa!e provided
5. Measure the angle of in!iden!e %i' C the angle of refle!tion %r'
"ith the protra!tor. ,e!ord the reading in the ta)le6. ,epeat this a!tivity using different angles of in!iden!e
)servation,esult
Activity Angle of incidence (i) Angle of reflection (r)
1 25o
2 4