Особенности морской перевозки зерновых в

Черноморском и Средиземноморском

регионах

Наталья Мирошниченко

Панельная дискуссия

Модератор

Danube river

2,960 km; 10 countries

Dnieper river (2,200 km)

1990 – 66 mil t 2013 - 4 mil t2020 - 15 mil t

7 countries

DanubeDnieper

Kerch

Grain cargo traffic abt 80%

of the Black Sea market

Grain carriage by Black & Med SeaCharter party performance

• Geographical features• Short shoulder of the voyage in Black Sea• Shippers/Receivers impact on the voyage• High risks of vessel’s arrest/detention• Specific charter party/contract clauses

• Low freight market 2015• Thorough voyage economy and performance• Local regulations impact • Crimean sanctions effect and risks

Grain carriage in Black & Med SeaMain trends 2015

…. which options have ship owners to cut their losses?

The only significant one and most widely

applied is slow steaming.

Demolition is also being used as a tool to turn around fortunes.

BIMCO’s Chief Shipping Analyst

New Challenges

Voyage performance

• freight/demurrage rate• cost allocations• commercial and operational

responsibilities

Contractual CP issues

English Law

• CUSTOMS/QUARANTINE FORMALITIES• DETENTION/ARRESTS• COMMERCIAL DISPUTES OF TRADERS

3500 mts

VESSEL:between

the Seller and the Buyer

The Buyer rejected the goods because of their

quality

Vessel remains at the load port

Charter Party vs.

Bill of Lading

КОНОСАМЕНТключ к деньгам

SHORT VOYAGE SHOULDER

Black Sea Region – Egypt – 5-7 daysBlack Sea Region – Italy – 8-10 daysBlack Sea Region – Spain – 11-12 days

SANCTIONSINFLUENCE ON SHIPPING

1 GSPB AAAA AZOV

1 GSPB AAAA EGYPT

100 PCT FRT LESS

COMM TO BE PAID

WI 3 BD AFTER S/R

BS/L BUT IN ANY

CASE BBB INTO OWS

NOMINATED BANK

ACCT

FROM: CHARTERER BA

NK

TRANSACTION REFERE

NCE

==================

==========

20: SENDER REFEREN

CE

PAY123456789

32A: VALUE DATE

29.05.2014

33B: CURRENCY/AMOU

NT

USD 50000.00

50K: INSTRUCTING P

ARTY

CHARTERER

54A: RECEIVER’S CO

RRESPONDENT

CHASUS33

59: BENEFICIARY

SHIPOWNER

70: REMITTANCE INF

ORMATION

FREIGHT M/V SHIP

71A: DETAILS OF CH

ARGES

OUR

(-) END OF MESSAGE

1. LIEN ON CARGO

2. FREIGHT ON ESCROW

3. RELEASE OF CARGO

DEMURRAGE

EFFECT 1

Seller Buyer

Goods: Barley, Ukrainian Origin, Crop 2014Terms of Delivery: FOBPort of Loading: Odessa, Port of Discharge: one safe ports UAEDemurrage: as per CP i.e. USD 8000 PD PR

Port of Loading QualityDispute

EFFECT 1

Seller Buyer

Goods: Barley, Ukrainian Origin, Crop 2014Terms of Delivery: FOBPort of Loading: Odessa, Port of Discharge: one safe ports UAEDemurrage: as per CP i.e. USD 8000 PD PR

Port of Discharging

Quantity Dispute

ESCROW AGREEMENT

• Оперативность ареста

• Незначительные расходы на арест

• Отсутствие необходимости в депозите

• Низкие риски ответственности за неправомерный арест судна

.

• «Запасной парашют» Турция

Задержание и арест

судна в Украине

Crimea vs shipping

New Challenges

Sea ports in Crimea are closed Decree of Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine No.255 in force since 15 July 2014

Crimea is declared Temporarily Occupied Territory of Ukraine with special regimeLaw of Ukraine No.1207-VIIeffective since 9 May 2014

Unofficial black list

  Название корабля

Владелец

Оператор Флаг

Место прибытия

Дата

1 HONGAN8 Неизвестен

Неизвестен Китай Керчь 19.10.2014

2 CHEREMOSHКорабль

выставлен на

продажу

Корабль выставлен

на продажу

Украина 01.01.1970

3 DONNA U Турция Турция Молдова Керчь 27.12.2014

4 DVINA Россия Россия Россия Керчь 02.02.2015

ВСЕГО: 93http://crimea.mfaua.org/blacklist

Майдан иностранных дел

24 October 2014 The General Prosecutor’s Office of Ukraineinitiated Criminal proceedings

against 69 vessels having called Crimean ports since their closure

Criminal liabilityp.1 Art.332-1 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine “violation of the order of entry into the temporarily occupied territory of Ukraine and order of leaving it”.

• 3 years of imprisonment for Master,• confiscation of a vessel,• most probably exemption of vessel’s documents.

P&I Club Position

Key points

• When the ship entered Crimean Waters, was the Ukrainian law applicable

• Should the Assured knew or should have known that calling at that port was illegal

Crimean Calls Check List

• If any entry in the Crimean calls’ black list• Dates of the vessel’s call to a Crimean port • Reason for a call• Supporting documents available

Cargo Owner

- Cargo is on board- Vessel is detained/arrested- All vessel’s operations are prohibited- No clear perspective is seen

???

New Challenges

Local peculiarities & regulations

UKRAINE• 1952 CONVENTION, COMMERCIAL PROCEDURAL CODE AND MARITIME CODE• FOREIGN COURTS & ARBITRATIONS ARE NOT ACCEPTED YET, although…

GEORGIA

Poti, Georgia

+2

PROHIBITION to ENTER the PORT

from the HARBOUR MASTER

VALID for 72 HOURS

LOCAL REGULATIONS

PORT RULES of GEORGIA - 2012

Article 10. Ships Enter to the Port

The entry of the ship to or departure out of the port takes place at any time during a 24 hour day except in the event of bad weather and certain circumstances justifying the prohibition of the entry and departure of ships to and out of the port.

TURKEY

≠

Shore figure vs Draft survey

Gafta No.123. WEIGHING RULES

4. DRAFT SURVEYS Draft surveys are not wholly accurate methods of establishing weights.

Ascertainment of weight by such a displacement method is not acceptable for contractual purposes, unless both parties to the contract explicitly accept this method in writing.

The method of establishing the weight shall be stated on the weighing certificate.

Turkish Insurer

Если судно успело уйти…

Данные об арестованном судне остаются во внутренней базе капитана порта/пограничного контроля.При повторном заходе в порт данное судно будет арестовано. Даже при транзитном проходе каналов.

Middle East / North Africa

Bureaucratic courtsUnder table influenceReal danger

Local jurisdiction/practice prevails

EU: Italy

Damaged cargo To be disposed

Specific local requirements

• Costly• Specific demands from Customs• Huge scope of rights for receivers• Easy arrest procedure

Damaged cargo To be disposed

SINCE 1995