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Smart Parking Primer – Jeffrey Tumlin
Parking is Destiny:A Smart Parking Primer
Rail~VolutionOctober 2011
Jeffrey Tumlin, Principal
Smart Parking Primer – Jeffrey Tumlin
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Parking Wastes Money
Thank you, Don Shoup!
Smart Parking Primer – Jeffrey Tumlin
Parking Wastes Land
If you require more
than 3 spaces per
1,000 sq ft, you’re
requiring more
parking than land
use
1.13
1.70
1.13
1.13
1.36
3.40
1.13
3.40
1.70
0.44
0.44
2.22
3.10
1.13
0.68
0.67
2.51
0.38
1.13
0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0
Administrative, Business, and Professional Services
Shopping Center without Dining
Shopping Center with Dining
Dining Establishments
Dining & Drinking < 2,500 Sq. Ft. Gross Area
Dining & Drinking > 2,500 Sq. Ft. Gross Area, Free-
standing
Dining & Drinking < 2,500 Sq. Ft. Gross Area, Mixed-Use
Day Care Centers
Elementary & Middle School, no assembly
High School, no assembly
College, no assembly
Automotive Rentals
Automotive Repair, Bodies
Group Care
Medical Services: Medical Care
Lodging Services: Hotels and Motels
Boating and Harbor Activities
Recreation Services: Amusement Centers
Utility or Equipment Substation
Building Sq.Ft. Parking Sq.Ft.
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Smart Parking Primer – Jeffrey Tumlin
Smart Parking Primer – Jeffrey Tumlin
Parking Worsens Housing Affordability
• For each parking space required
in a residential unit:
– Price of unit increases 15-
30%
– Number of units that can be
built on typical parcel
decreases 15-25%
• Fannie Mae: Getting rid of a car
= extra $100,000 in mortgage
• At >300 sq ft, each parking
space consumes more space
than an efficiency apartment
Sources: “A Heavy Load: The Combined Housing and Tranasportation
Burdens of Working Families,” Center for Neighborhood Technology, 2006.
“The Affordability Index: A New Tool for Measuring the True Affordability of a
Housing Choice,” Center for Neighborhood Technology, 2008. Sedway Cook
studies of parking and housing costs in San Francisco and Oakland.
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Smart Parking Primer – Jeffrey Tumlin
Parking Produces Traffic Congestion
Poorly managed parking
results in motorists circling
for a parking space, from 8
to 74% of traffic in many
downtowns.
Eliminating just 10% of
vehicles from any
congested location makes
traffic free flowing.
Why provide more parking
than you have traffic
capacity to access that
parking?
Sources: “Cruising for Parking,” Don Shoup, 2006.
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Smart Parking Primer – Jeffrey Tumlin
Parking will Drive you Crazy
Smart Parking Primer – Jeffrey Tumlin
So what do we do?
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Smart Parking Primer – Jeffrey Tumlin
1. Residential Permits
May be necessary to
address fear of spillover
Deed restrict new
buildings from
participating.
Switch to market pricing
when permit becomes a
“hunting license.”
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Source: theexpiredmeter.com
Smart Parking Primer – Jeffrey Tumlin 10
2. Smart Meters
Are your parking
meters 1947
technology?
Smart Parking Primer – Jeffrey Tumlin
2. Smart Meters
Meters must:
Accept all common forms
of payment
Call you up to ask if you
want more time
Provide data on usage
Allow easy adjustment
Put your customers first.
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Smart Parking Primer – Jeffrey Tumlin
3. Smart Technology
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Smart Parking Primer – Jeffrey Tumlin
4. Right Price
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Smart Parking Primer – Jeffrey Tumlin
5. Right Time
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Smart Parking Primer – Jeffrey Tumlin
6. Invest Revenue
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Smart Parking Primer – Jeffrey Tumlin
6. Invest Revenue
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Smart Parking Primer – Jeffrey Tumlin
7. Replace Minimums with Maximums
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• Portland, OR
• San Francisco, CA
• Stuart, FL
• Seattle, WA
• Spokane, WA
• United Kingdom
(illegal in entire nation)
• Coral Gables, FL
• Eugene, OR
• Fort Myers, FL
• Fort Pierce, FL
• Los Angeles, CA
• Milwaukee, WI
• Olympia, WA
These cities have abolished minimum parking
requirements, citywide or in districts:
Smart Parking Primer – Jeffrey Tumlin
8. Unbundle
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Smart Parking Primer – Jeffrey Tumlin
9. Share
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Smart Parking Primer – Jeffrey Tumlin
School
Shop
PlayWork
PP
P
P
PP
T TTT
TTT
TTT
T
T
9. Park Once
Smart Parking Primer – Jeffrey Tumlin
Mixed Use, Park Once District
School
Work
Play
Shop
P
TT
Results:
• <½ the parking
• <½ the land area
• ¼ the arterial trips
• 1/6th the arterial turning movements
• <¼ the vehicle miles traveled
Smart Parking Primer – Jeffrey Tumlin
SFpark: Pulling it all Together
Thanks to Jay
Primus, SFpark
manager,
SFMTA
Smart Parking Primer – Jeffrey Tumlin
Coin and card meters
Smart Parking Primer – Jeffrey Tumlin
Parking sensors
Smart Parking Primer – Jeffrey Tumlin
Real-time information
Smart Parking Primer – Jeffrey Tumlin
Pricing at parking meters and lots
Demand responsive to find lowest possible prices
Gradual and periodic changes: $0.25 up or down every
4-6 weeks
Time of day pricing (vary by block + weekday/end)
Smart Parking Primer – Jeffrey Tumlin
Pricing – 1st rate adjustment (July/August)
Smart Parking Primer – Jeffrey Tumlin
Pricing – 2nd rate adjustment (October)
Smart Parking Primer – Jeffrey Tumlin
Enforcement
Smart Parking Primer – Jeffrey Tumlin
Enforcement
Smart Parking Primer – Jeffrey Tumlin
Parking census
Smart Parking Primer – Jeffrey Tumlin
Automatic data collection
Supply data (census, asset management, street closures)
Parking data (from sensors, meters, and citations)
Garage data (usage by hour)
Travel demand data (roadway sensors, highways PEMS,
BART, Muni)
Muni data (travel time data from APCs)
Parking tax
Sales tax
Safety (SWITIRS collision data)
Exogenous (fuel price, CPI, unemployment, precipitation)
Smart Parking Primer – Jeffrey Tumlin
Manual data collection
• Parking search time
• Double parking
• Disabled placard
• Occupancy in residential areas
• Motorcycle occupancy
• Vehicle occupancy
• Intercept surveys (professional survey firm)
Smart Parking Primer – Jeffrey Tumlin
Great USDOT investment
Demonstrating data management tools
Unprecedented data set
Sharing + transparency
Addressing universal urban issue
Easy to replicate
Low cost and (relatively) low tech
Politically feasible (only local approvals required)
No privacy issues
Why these pilot projects matter
Smart Parking Primer – Jeffrey Tumlin
SFpark.org/resources
Th
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Ja
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Smart Parking Primer – Jeffrey Tumlin
For More Information
Contact:
Jeffrey Tumlin, Principal
Nelson\Nygaard
Mobility – Accessibility - Sustainability
116 New Montgomery St, Ste 500
San Francisco, CA 94105
415-284-1544
415-284-1554 (fax)
www.nelsonnygaard.com
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