participatory scenario building

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7.9.2016 • session 8Landscape management

RIZZO et al.Participatory scenario building

RIZZO

MARRACCINI

FILIPPINI

GENNAI-SCHOTT

JOHANY

LARDON

Session 8 Landscape management

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Davide RIZZO ¹

E MARRACCINI ²

R FILIPPINI ¹,³

S GENNAI-SCHOTT ¹

F JOHANY ³

S LARDON ³

¹ Institute of Life Sciences, Sant’Anna School of Advanced Studies, ITA

² UP 2012-10-103 PICAR-T, Institut Polytechnique LaSalle, FRA

³ UMR 1273 Métafort, INRA & AgroParisTech, FRA

2

Sustainability of the urban agricultures in the Mediterranean

http://www1.montpellier.inra.fr/daume

http://www1.montpellier.inra.fr/daume

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RIZZO et al.Participatory scenario building 3

50 researchers from10 research teams

Comparative & multidisciplinary

Ended in 2015

Fundedby the French ResearchAgency

Which agricultural-urban dynamicsprotect, threaten, improve or create

urban and periurban agricultures ?

Towards Sustainable

Urban-AgriculturalSystems

How the relations between agriculture and city are managed? through which

integrating projects and public policies?

Sustainability of the urban agricultures in the Mediterranean

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a territorialperspective*

with the landscapeagronomy

framework**

*Lardon et al. 2012

Boiffin et al., 2014

** Benoit, Rizzo et al. 2012

Rizzo et al. 2013

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Opportunity to deal with complexland management issues

Increasing attention for the territorial aspects of agriculture and agrofood industries

→ landscape perspectiveBenoit, Rizzo et al. 2012Lardon et al. 2012

→ landscape approachSayer et al. 2013Kissinger et al., 2013

Boiffin et al. 2014

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6 municipalities in the urban region of Pisa

200,000 inhab. (431 /km²)

Regional natural park

Reclaimed area (dense drainage network and pumping system)

Agriculture

476 km², 49% agriculture

Average UAA 7 ha

Dominant arable farms

Others: livestock, vegetables

Issues

Decrease of UAA and farm number of vegetables + urban sprawl

Water protectionreclaimed area

Local food production urbanized area

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17%

49%, 23,440 ha

31%

3%

82% arable (crops & vegetables)

6% olive groves

6% mixed/complex areas

2% grasslands

+ vineyards, nurseries, fruit groves

Artificial

Agricultural

Natural

Humid areas

Source: Land use and cover map, Region Tuscany, 2013

Tyrrhenian sea

PISA

Italy Tuscany

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Imaging scenariosof change

Sets of possible actions

building a shared vision of territory for collective action

1

2

3

Use and production of spatial representations as intermediate objects* between experts and actors’ knowledge

* Buller et al. 2009

Easing the expression of actors’ point of view, to clarify tacit knowledge and issues.

Cards summarizing the available data and information

Diagnosis(territorial issues)

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Lardon S., Piveteau V., 2005. Méthodologie de diagnostic pour le projet de territoire : une approche par les modèles spatiaux. Géocarrefour, Vol 80

Spatializing the information

Articulating the scales

Eliciting transversality

Mixing knowledge

Personal expression

Providing arguments

Being creative

Lardon S., 2013. Developing a territorial project. The 'territory game', a coordination tool for local stakeholders. FaçSADe, Research results, No 2013 / 38, 4p.

Territorial diagnosis Participatory approach&

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key question on a territorial issue

cards (played) & maps (drawn)

PLAYERS(more groups)

ORGANISERS

1

Shared DIAGNOSISof current issues

SCENARIOSCo-drawn mapsexaggerating the desired traits of future land systems

PROPOSALS for (feasible) actions

Reports and notes on the DYNAMICS

2

3

results

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title

legend

diagnosis

scenarios

proposals

reports

Chorematicanalysis*

* Lardon Roche 2008

Occurrenceanalysis

outputs

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natural areas withecological functions

fruit and vegetables

livestocks & cereals

agriculture to maintain landscape

new wind mills to be placed by the actors

cycle and pedestrian network

periurban areas withsocial gardens & educational farms

farmers markets

grid

contact

hierarchy

tropism

transformation

attraction

« Pisa: the new agri-eco-learning center »

Chorème: symbolicrepresentation of territorialfeatures and dynamics

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WATER: drainage channels (element cross-cutting the actions of various actors of the agri-urban system).

FOOD: diversification(e.g., with herbals that could valorize the prized local olive oil)

& shortening of supply chains to improve coordination between agriculture and urban actors and expectations

Each game session dealt with 1 of two main territorial issues:

- water management - local food productionFor each we counted the landscape elements mentioned by actors

LAND SYSTEM COMPONENTS mentioned by players

AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION mentioned by players

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35 actors involvedIncluding farmers, policy-makers and advisers

7 diagnoses

27 proposalsfor management actions

12 scenariosExaggerating desired traits

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Analysis and comment of the territorial dynamics by involving both farmers and other decision (policy) makers.

Applicable in different regions and on various territorial issues.

Exploring the narrative scenarios issued from the different games (e.g., elaborated by experts or researchers).

Using game outputs to feed models of land use change (e.g. CLUE) or farming system change (e.g. APSIM).

Verifying and enriching territorial data with local actors

Creating an informal learning environment for local actors

Plus: using the approach as educational platform for students (Moonen et al., 2016)

…and perspectives

1

2

3

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16

Davide [email protected]

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Boiffin J, Benoît M, Le Bail M, Papy F, Stengel P, 2014. Agronomie, espace, territoire : travailler « pour et sur » le développement territorial, un enjeu pour l’agronomie. Cahiers Agricultures, 23:72–83.

Debolini M, Valette E, François M, Chéry JP, 2015. Mapping land use competition in the rural–urban fringe and future perspectives on land policies: A case study of Meknès (Morocco). Land Use Policy,47:373–381. doi: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2015.01.035.

Kissinger G, Brasser A, Gross L, 2013. Reducing Risk: Landscape Approaches to Sustainable Sourcing. EcoAgriculture Partners, on behalf of the Landscapes for People, Food and Nature Initiative, Washington DC, USA

Lardon S, 2013. Developing a territorial project. The 'territory game', a coordination tool for local stakeholders. FaçSADe, Research results, No 2013 / 38, 4p.

Lardon S, Piveteau V, 2005. Méthodologie de diagnostic pour le projet de territoire : une approche par les modèles spatiaux. Géocarrefour, Vol 80

Lardon S, Roche S, 2008. Représentations spatiales dans les démarches participatives. Production et usages. Revue Internationale de Géomatique, 18(4), 423-428.

Lardon S, Moonen C, Marraccini E, Debolini M, Galli M, Loudiyi S, 2012. The territory agronomy approach in research education and training. In Farming System Research in the 21st Century, pp. 257–280. Eds I. Darnhofer, D. Gibbon and B. Dedieu. Springer.

Lardon S, Marraccini E, Filippini R, Gennai Schott S, JohanyF, Rizzo D, (under review). Prospective participative pour la zone urbaine de Pise (Italie) : l’eau et l’alimentation comme enjeux de développementterritorial. Cahiers de Géographie du Québec

Marraccini E, Lardon S, Loudiyi S, Giacché G, Bonari E, 2013. Durabilité de l’agriculture dans les territoirespériurbains méditerranéens : enjeux et projetsagriurbains dans la région de Pise (Toscane, Italie). Cahiers Agricultures, 22:517–525.

Moonen AC, Lardon S, Marraccini E, Pinto-Correia T, Rizzo D, 2016. From Action Research to Action Learning –Ecosystem services assessment as a learning platform for students, local land users and researchers. In: Wilcox A, Vinall S (eds) Social and technological transformation in farming systems - Diverging and converging pathways. Harper Adam University, UK, p 8

Rizzo D, Marraccini E, Lardon S, Rapey H, Debolini M, BenoitM, Thenail C, 2013. Farming systems designinglandscapes: land management units at the interfacebetween agronomy and geography. GeografiskTidsskrift-Danish Journal of Geography 113:71–86. doi: 10.1080/00167223.2013.849391

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to involve farmers and other local actors in a shared discussion about the management issues of the common space of action

to foster the multifunctionality of agriculture through exploring the effective integration of activities (services) different from production

to address the land as an integrative platform of decision-making processes

spatial approach

Boiffin J, Benoît M, Le Bail M, et al. (2014) Agronomie, espace, territoire : travailler « pour et sur » le

développement territorial, un enjeu pour l’agronomie. Cahiers Agricultures 23:72–83. doi: 10.1684/agr.2014.0688

local

territorial development

land use management

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5 km

19

Mixed

Forage

Ceral

Industrial crop

Olive grove

Horticultural

other agric. (2010)

urban

UsableAgricultural Area:

17,622 ha

Farms: 2,614

Source: ISV elaboration on ARTEA database 2012

park

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20