Particle Theory of MatterAn Introduction to Chemistry

What Is MatterThe Ancient Greeks knew…

1. Matter has mass2. Matter takes up space

They studied…Physical and Chemical properties

They used logic to hypothesize that…1. All matter is made up of microscopic particles2. Each pure substance has its own unique type of particle

But, they did not have the technology to prove their hypothesis.

Today We KnowThe Ancient Greeks were right!

1. All matter is made up of microscopic particles2. Each pure substance has its own unique type of

particle

In Addition we know…1. The particles are always moving!2. Particles are moving slowly in a solid.3. Particles are moving quickly in a gas.

Temperature is a measure of how fast particles are moving!

Particle Theory of Matter1. All matter is made of extremely tiny

particles

2. All pure substances are made of their own kind of particle

3. All particles are moving.

4. Particles at higher temperatures move faster than those at lower temperatures.

5. Particles are attracted to each other.

Three States of MatterMatter is usually found in one of three states:

Solid – Particles are close togetherLiquid – Particles are farther apartGas – Particles are very far apart

Note: The particles are the same in each state!They are just moving differentlyThey just have a different temperature

Also: Additional states are possible but are less common. (i.e. Plasma)

States of Matter

Changes of State

PracticeParticle Theory WorksheetJournaling:

You are invited to 3 parties on the same night. The invites come from solid particles, liquid particles or gas particles. Which party would you go to? Explain your thinking.