particulate matter emissions testing of institutional wood ... · –core separator –baghouse. 10...
TRANSCRIPT
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Particulate Matter Emissions Particulate Matter Emissions Testing of Institutional Testing of Institutional
WoodWood--fired Boilersfired Boilers
Vermont Agency of Natural Vermont Agency of Natural ResourcesResources
February 24, 2009February 24, 2009
22
Presentation OutlinePresentation Outline
• Air Quality Considerations:– Wood fuel vs. oil or gas
• Why PM?:– Ambient Air Quality in Vermont– National Ambient Air Quality Standards
• USFS Testing Grant• Results of Recent Testing
33
Air Quality Issues Associated with Air Quality Issues Associated with Switching to Wood FuelSwitching to Wood Fuel
Estimated Emissions – units of pounds of pollutant per million btu of fuel input (lb/MMBtu)
Ambient Air Quality - Carbon Monoxide
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Burlington
% o
f NAA
QS
8hr Avg1hr Avg
Estimated Carbon Monoxide (lb/mmbtu)
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
NaturalGas
No.2 Oil Wood
44
Air Quality Issues Associated with Air Quality Issues Associated with Switching to Wood FuelSwitching to Wood Fuel
Sulfur Dioxide EmissionsEstimated Sulfur Dioxide
(lb/mmbtu)
0.0000.0500.1000.1500.2000.250
NaturalGas
No.2 Oil Wood
Ambient Air Quality - Sulfur Dioxide
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Burlington
% o
f NA
AQ
S
Annual Avg
8hr Avg
1hr Avg
55
Air Quality Issues Associated with Air Quality Issues Associated with Switching to Wood FuelSwitching to Wood Fuel
PM2.5 EmissionsEstimated Particulate Matter
(lb/mmbtu)
0.0000.0500.1000.1500.2000.2500.300
NaturalGas
No.2 Oil Wood
Ambient Air Quality - PM 2.5
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Burlington
% o
f NA
AQ
S
Annual Avg24hr Avg
66
Emission Rate of PM Emission Rate of PM from Wood Combustionfrom Wood Combustion
PM Emission Rate Comparison (gram/hr)
0100200300400500600
CertifiedWoodstove -noncatalytic
Phase 2 OWB(100,000 Btu/hr
output)
5 MMBtu/hr Woodfired Boiler, 0.25
lb/MMBtu
McNeil Emissions@ 95% of design
load
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Air Air QualityQuality Issues Issues Particulate MatterParticulate Matter
• Fine particulate matter is also known as PM2.5 and respirable dust.– Fine PM is a health concern for all, but
especially for:• Children, elderly, people with
preexisting respiratory problems.– An absolutely safe exposure level has
not been established – therefore less is better.
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Air Quality Air Quality IssuesIssuesParticulate MatterParticulate Matter
Even well controlled wood combustion results in the emissions of particulate matter.– An air pollution control device is
needed to reduce PM emissions on institutional boilers (and larger)
– Which device should be used?
99
USFS Jump Start GrantUSFS Jump Start Grant
• The grant has provided money to evaluate the PM collection efficiency of PM control devices installed and operating on institutional wood fired boilers.
• Selected PM control devices:– Single cyclone– Multicyclone– Core Separator– Baghouse
1010
Study DesignStudy Design
• Simultaneous testing of inlet and outlet of the PM control device.
• Sampling for:– Filterable PM– Condensible PM– Particle Size Distribution – to try and
determine the percentage of PM2.5
1111
Sampling EquipmentSampling Equipment
1212
Sampling Equipment Sampling Equipment –– FilterFilter
1313
Sampling Equipment Sampling Equipment Condensing ImpingersCondensing Impingers
1414
Sampling Equipment Sampling Equipment Gas Sample PumpGas Sample Pump
1515
Sampling Equipment Sampling Equipment Particle Size DistributionParticle Size Distribution
1616
Recent Emission Test ResultsRecent Emission Test ResultsCompliance Testing - Burlington HS –
February 2008
38Carbon Monoxide (ppm)
0.190.010.18PM (lb/mmbtu)
Total PM
Condensible PM
Filterable PM
Mill Chips
1717
Recent Emission Test ResultsRecent Emission Test ResultsCompliance Testing - Burlington HS –
February 2008
2Carbon Monoxide (ppm)
Invalidated Test Data – Test Rescheduled for March 2009
PM (lb/mmbtu)
Total PM
Condensible PM
Filterable PM
Bole Chips
1818
Recent Emission Test ResultsRecent Emission Test ResultsCompliance Testing - North Country
Hospital – August 2008
18Carbon Monoxide (ppm)
0.100.0050.095PM (lb/mmbtu)
Total PM
Condensible PM
Filterable PM
1919
USFS Grant Test ResultsUSFS Grant Test ResultsCrotched Mountain Rehabilitation
Center – October 2008
83%% Reduction
0.0120.066 0.08Outlet
0.400.0140.39Inlet
Total PM
Condensible PM
Filterable PM
2020
USFS Grant Test ResultsUSFS Grant Test ResultsBrattleboro Union HS – December 2008
58%% Reduction
0.0110.16 0.17Outlet
0.390.0120.38Inlet
Total PM
Condensible PM
Filterable PM
2121
USFS Grant Test ResultsUSFS Grant Test ResultsChamplain Valley HS – January 2009
(single cyclone)
Bennington College – January 2009 (2 multi cyclones in series)
Testing done, no data yetInlet / Outlet
Total PM
Condensible PM
Filterable PM
2222
USFS Grant Test ResultsUSFS Grant Test Results
• New Chiptec systems starting up this heating season.
• Equipped with a high efficiency multicyclone from Europe – reported to have very good collection efficiency for fine particles.
Foster-Glocester H.S.North Scituate, RI - March? 2009
2323
Contact InformationContact InformationSteve SnookState of Vermont Air Pollution Control Division103 South Main StreetBuilding 3 SouthWaterbury, VT 05671-0402
Phone: (802) [email protected] Vermont Air Pollution Control Division’s Website:www.anr.state.vt.us/air