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Partnership Accounts Admission of a New Partner
CPT Section A Fundamentals of Accountancy Chapter 8 Unit 3
Prof. Deepak Jaggi
Learning Objectives
(1) Understand the reasons for which revaluation or assets and liabilities is done.
(2) Logic of treatment of Reserves and Debit Balances in case of admission of partner.
(3) Techniques of arriving at the various Ratio’s.
(4) Understand the Goodwill adjustment.
(5) To Lay a solid foundation of accounting treatment in case of admission of partner.
Partnership Accounts (Admission of a Partner)
When 2 or more Partners are already doing business & they admit 1 more partner into their running business it is a case of Admission of a Partner
Cont.…
Example
Partners already doing business- A and B = Old Partners
Partner Admitted Now – C = Incoming Partner
All the three partners together – A, B & C = New Partners
Reasons for Admission of Partner
Additional capital required
Specialized skill of the incoming partner
Expansion of Business
Avoiding competition
Conti..
Profit Sharing Ratios
Types of Profits Sharing Ratios
Contd…
Old Ratio – Old Partners A & B
New Ratio – New Partners A,B& C
Sacrifice Ratio - Old Partners A & B
Old Ratio Types of Profits Sharing Ratios
Contd…
Given
Otherwise Equal
Among Old Partners
New Ratio Types of Profits Sharing Ratios
Contd…
Given
Otherwise Apply Formulae
1 – Share of Incoming Partner = Balance Left
Balance Left x Old Ratio = New Ratio of Old Partners
Sacrifice Ratio Types of Profits Sharing Ratios
Contd…
Old Ratio – If Old and New Ratio of Old Partners is same
Otherwise Apply the Formulae
Sacrifice given = Old Ratio – New Ratio
Example of Ratios - Question Deepika and Ranbir – Old Partners - Ratio 3:2, Aditya Admitted for ¼ share
D 3/5
9/20
R 2/5
6/20
A x
5/20
OR =3:2
NR=9:6:5
SR=3:2
Working: 1-1/4 = ¾ D = ¾ x 3/5 = 9/20 R = ¾ x 2/5 = 6/20 A = ¼ x 5/5 = 5/20
Revaluation of Various Assets and Liabilities:
Value Again
• Convert Book Values into Agreed Values
Revaluation Account
Conti…
Revaluation Account is a Nominal Account
Changes in the values of Assets and Liabilities.
Revaluation Account or
Profit & Loss Adjustment A/c
Revaluation Profit / Loss is distributed among old partners in their old ratios.
Conti..
Revaluation Account Hint for Problem Solving
When Assets Increase and Liabilities Decrease = Good Thing = Revaluation A/c Credit
When Assets Decrease and Liabilities Increase = Bad Thing = Revaluation A/c Debit.
Conti..
Revaluation Account Example - Entries
Conti..
(1) For asset increase (Good) Asset A/c ………. Dr. To Revaluation A/c
(2) For Liability decrease (Good) Liability A/c ………….. Dr. To Revaluation A/c
(3) For Asset decrease (Bad) Revaluation A/c……… Dr. To Asset A/c
(4) For liability increase (Bad) Revaluation A/c…………………. Dr. To Liability A/c
It is the money value of reputation of business
When the name, fame, reputation etc. expressed in terms of money.
GOODWILL
Conti..
Factors Affecting Goodwill Valuation
Operating Profits
Number of years in Business (Experience) • Location
Type of Business/Product
People Doing the Business (Partners etc.)
Treatment of Goodwill - Conti..
Goodwill Case -I
When incoming partner brings cash for his share of goodwill
(Incoming partner pays premium in cash for goodwill)
Cash/Bank A/c…. Dr. To Old partner’s Capital A/c
CO(SAC)
If l amount is withdrawn by old partners partly or fully
Old partner’s capital A/c …. Dr. To Cash / Bank A/c
OC(SAC)
Treatment of Goodwill - Conti…
Goodwill Case -II
Goodwill is Raised and Written Off
(ie. Goodwill amount not brought in cash)
Goodwill A/c……… Dr. To Old Partner’s Capital
A/c (old ratio) GO(Old)
New Partners Capital A/c . Dr.
To Goodwill A/c (New Ratio)
NG(New)
Conti..
Treatment of Goodwill Conti..
Net Entry for the Goodwill Raised and Written
Off ie. Goodwill directly adjusted through the
Partner’s Capital a/c
Incoming Partner’s Capital A/c………………….. Dr.
To Old Partner’s Capital A/c
(Sacrifice Ratio )
IO (SAC)
When New Partner Pays Premium For Goodwill Privately / Secretly
No Entry
Reserves
Accumulated Profits
Reserves are undistributed profits belonging to the partners.
Contd…
Examples of Reserves • Profit & Loss A/c (Accumulated Profit) • General Reserve / Contingency Reserve. • Reserve fund • Workmen compensation fund • Capital Reserve, etc.
Contd…
Reserves cont..
Journal Entry:
Reserve A/c ……. Dr.
To Old partner’s capital A/cs
(in old ratio)
Deferred losses (Accumulated losses)
• To be borned by old Partners
Examples of Deferred Losses
• Profit & Loss a/c (Asset Side) • Deferred Advertising, etc.
Contd…
Deferred losses
Entry for Deferred Losses
Old partner’s Capital A/c …. Dr.
To Deferred Losses A/c
Capital Adjustment
4 NEW’S • 1) New Partner • 2) New Capital • 3) New Firm • 4) New Ratio
Contd…
Capital Adjustment – Contd..
Capitals of New Partners
Adjusted in New Ratio
1) Capital A/c – Debit Side
2) Balance Sheet - Liability Side
Contd…
Capital Adjustment – Contd..
Total Capital of the new Firm =
Capital of Incoming Partner / His Share Example :- Incoming Partner’s Capital is 100,000 and his share is ¼ , then
Total Capital = 1,00,000 / ¼ = 1,00,000 x 4 = 4,00,000
Contd…
Capital Adjustment – Contd..
Total Capital 4,00,000
Distributed among New Partners Distributed among New Partners
• In New Ratio
Accounting Treatment
Information Given
• 1) Balance Sheet of Old Firm
• 2) Adjustments
To be Prepared
• 1) Revaluation Account • 2) Partner’s Capital / Current A/c • 3) Cash / Bank A/c • 4) Balance Sheet of New Firm
Steps to Solve the Question
1 R
• Find out 3 Ratios
2 T
• Transfer all the old Balance Items in one of the
things prepared
3 A
• Solve the Adjustments
Practical Problem Q.1. Ranbir Kapor and Imran khan are partners in a firm sharing profit & losses in the ratio of 3:2 respectively. Their Balance Sheet as on 31st December 2000 was as under:
Liabilities ? Assets ?
Sundry Creditors
Ranbir Kapoor’s
Capital
Imran Khan’s Capital
General reserve
7,000
32,000
22,000
12,000
Cash at Bank
Sundry debtors
Land & Building
Stock
Plant &
Machinery
Furniture &
Fixture
8,000
14,000
25,000
10,000
12,000
73,000 73,000
4000
Problem no.1 Conti..
On 1st January 2001, they are to admit Arjun in the partnership. The terms being that:
He shall pay ₹10,000 as his share of goodwill, 50% amount of goodwill shall be withdrawn by the old partners.
He shall bring ₹ 12,000 as his capital for 1/4th share in future profit.
For the purpose of Arjun’s admission, it was agreed that assets be revalued as follows:
• 1. Land & Building is to be valued at ₹ 30,000 • 2. Plant & Machinery to be valued at ₹ 10,000 • 3. Stock valued at ₹ 12,000 and Furniture &Fixtures at ₹ 2,000 • 4. Provision at 5% to be made for doubtful debts on debtors.
Prepare: Profit & Loss Adjustment A/c, Partners Capital A/cs & Balance Sheet of the new firm.
Solution
Contd..
Profit and Loss Adjustment Account Particulars Amount Amount Particulars Amount Amount
To Plant & Machinery
To Furniture & Fixtures A/c
To R.D.D. A/c
To Partners Capital A/c.
Ranbir Kapoor (3/5)
Imran Khan (2/5)
1,380
920
2,000
2,000
700
2,300
By Land and Building
A/c
By Stock A/c
5,000
2,000
7,000 7,000
Solution Conti..
Partner’s Capital A/c
Particulars Ranbir Imran Arjun Particulars Ranbir Imran Arjun
To Cash / Bank (GW) A/c
To Balance c/d (Bal. Fig.)
3,000 2,000
29,720 12,000
By Balance b/d
By Cash / Bank (GW)
By Bank A/c
By General Reserve A/c
By Profit and Loss Adj.
A/c
32,000
6,000 4000
-
1380 920
22,000
-
4,800
-
-
12000
-
-
31,720 12,000 46,580 31,720 12,000
43580
7200
46580
Solution Conti..
Contd..
Bank Account
Particulars Amount Particulars Amount
To Balance b/d
To Ranbir ‘s Cap A/c
To Imran’s Cap A/c
To Arjun’s Cap A/c
8,000
6,000
4,000
12,000
By Ranbir’s Cap A/c
By Imran’s Cap A/c
By Balance c/d (Bal.
Fig)
3,000
2,000
25,000
30,000 30,000
Solution Conti..
Old PSR = SR in the question as, New PSR is not given directly or indirectly.
It is recommended to always find out the ratios separately
Liabilities Amt. Amt. Assets Amt. Amt.
Partner’s Capital
Ranbir Kapoor
Imran Khan
Arjun
43,580
29,720
12,000 85,300
7,000
Land and Building
Plant and Machinery
Stock
Furniture & Fixtures
Debtors
Less: R.D.D. @5%
Cash/Bank
14,000
700
30,000
10,000
12,000
2,000
13,300
25,000
92,300 92,300
Creditors
MCQ”s
MCQ:1
Q.1. Profit or loss on revaluation is shared among the partners in _____ ratio.
a) Old Profit
b) New Profit Sharing
c) Capital
d) Equal
A) Old Profit
MCQ.2 Q.2. X, Y and Z are equal partners in a firm with capital of ₹16,800, ₹ 12,600 and ₹ 6,000 respectively. With bills payable ₹ 3,300, creditors ₹ 6,000, cash ₹ 600, debtors ₹ 10,800 , stocks ₹ 11,400 , furniture ₹ 2,400 and building ₹ 19,500 R is admitted to the firm and brings ₹ 9,000 as goodwill and ₹ 15,000 as capital. Half the goodwill is withdrawn by old partners, and stock and furniture is depreciated by 10%. A provision of 5% on debtors is created and value of building is taken at ₹ 27,000. The profit on revaluation will be:
(a) ₹5,500
(b) ₹5,580
(c) ₹5,400
(d) ₹5,680
b) ₹5580
MCQ.3 Q.3. X and Y are partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio of 3:2(X’s Capital is ₹ 30,000 and Y’s Capital is ₹ 15,000) . They admitted Z agreed to give 1/5th share of profits to him. How much Z should bring in towards his capital?
Ans. d) ₹ 11,250
a)₹9,000 b)₹12,000
c)₹14,500 d)₹11,250
MCQ.4
Ans. b) Goodwill will be raised to ₹30,000 in old profit sharing ratio.
Q.4. X and Y are partners sharing the profit in the ratio of 3:2. They take Z as the new partner, who is supposed to bring ₹ 25,000 against capital and ₹ 10,000 against goodwill. New profit sharing ratio is 1:1:1. Z is able to bring only his share of capital. How this will be treated in the books of the firm.
• a) X and Y will share goodwill bought by Z as 4,000 : 1,000 • b) Goodwill will be raised to ₹30,000 in old profit sharing ratio • c) Both • d) None
MCQ.5
Q.5. X and Y are partners sharing the profit in the ratio of 3:2. They take Z as the new partner, who is supposed to bring ₹ 25,000 against capital and ₹ 10,000 against goodwill. New profit sharing ratio is 1:1:1. Z bought cash for his share of capital and agreed to compensate to X and Y outside the firm . How this will be treated in the books of the firm.
Ans. a) Cash bought by Z will only be credited to his capital account.
a) Cash bought by Z will only be credited to his capital account.
b) Goodwill will be raised to full value in old ratio.
c) Goodwill will be raised to full value in new ratio.
d) Cash bought by Z will be credited to his account and debited to his share of goodwill, which will be debited to X and Y’s account in sacrificing ratio.
MCQ.6 Q.6. Karan and Arjun are partners of a partnership firm sharing profits in the ratio of
5:3 respectively. Rohit was admitted on the following terms: Rohit would pay ₹
50,000 as capital and ₹ 16,000 as goodwill, for 1/5th share of profit. Machinery would
be appreciated by 10% (book value ₹ 80,000) and building would be depreciated by
20% (₹ 2,00,000). Unrecorded debtors o ₹ 1,250 would be bought into books now
and a creditors amounting to ₹ 2,750 died and need not to pay anything to its estate.
Find the distribution of profit / loss on revaluation, Karan and Arjun.
Ans. a) Loss – 17,500 : 10,500: 0
a) Loss – 17,500 : 10,500: 0 b) Loss – 14,000 : 8,400 : 5,600. c) Profits – 17,500: 10,500: 0. d)Profits -14,000 : 8,400 : 5,600
MCQ.7
Ans. a) 3 : 1
Q.7. X and Y are partners sharing profits and losses in the ratio 5:3. On admission, Z bring ₹ 70,000 cash and ₹ 48,000 against goodwill. New profit sharing ratio between X, Y and Z
are 7: 5 : 4. The sacrificing ratio among X and Y will be
a) 3 : 1
b) 4 : 7.
c) ₹ 20,000
d) None of these
MCQ.8
Q.8. X and Y are partners with capital of ₹ 10,000 and ₹ 20,000 respectively and sharing profits equally. They admitted Z as their third partner with one-fourth profits of the firm on the payment of ₹ 12,000 . The amount of hidden goodwill is:
Ans. a) 6,000
a) 6,000
b) 10,000.
c) 8,000
d) None
MCQ.9
Q.9. Unless given otherwise, the ratio of sacrifice is the same as ______
Ans. C) Old profit sharing ratio
a) New profit sharing ratio
b) Equal ratio.
c) Old profit sharing ratio
d) None of the above
MCQ.10
Q.10. A and B are shares profits and losses in the ratio of 2 : 1. They take C as a partner and the new profit sharing ratio becomes 3: 2: 1. C brings ₹ 4,500 as premium for goodwill. The full value of goodwill will be.
Ans. C) ₹ 27,000
a) ₹ 4,500
b) ₹ 18,000
c) ₹ 27,000
d) ₹ 24,000
Lesson Summary
• Prepare – Revaluation A/c
•Partner’s Capital A/c •Cash Bank A/c •New Balance Sheet
•Capital Adjustment = 4 New’s
•Total Capital = Capital of Incoming Partner / His Share
•Outsider becomes Insider
• Incoming Partner = 1 •C
Old Partners = 2 A & B
New Partners = 3
A, B & C
Given -Balance Sheet &
Adjustment
Ratios = OR, NR, SR
Goodwill = CO(SAC) or
IO(SAC)
Thank You