PC Maintenance: PC Maintenance: Preparing for A+ Preparing for A+

CertificationCertificationChapter 30: Optimizing and Chapter 30: Optimizing and Troubleshooting WindowsTroubleshooting Windows

Chapter 30 ObjectivesChapter 30 Objectives Understand how to identify and avoid Understand how to identify and avoid

virusesviruses Become familiar with the major Windows Become familiar with the major Windows

system utilitiessystem utilities

Types of Virus InfectionsTypes of Virus Infections Trojan horseTrojan horse WormWorm @m mailer@m mailer @mm mass mailer@mm mass mailer Back doorBack door Blended threatBlended threat

How Viruses SpreadHow Viruses Spread Booting from an infected diskBooting from an infected disk Running an infected program or macroRunning an infected program or macro Worms can spread from PC to PC via e-Worms can spread from PC to PC via e-

mail or P2P file sharingmail or P2P file sharing

Symptoms of InfectionSymptoms of Infection Degradation in system performanceDegradation in system performance Spontaneous rebootsSpontaneous reboots odd e-mailsodd e-mails Word saves in DOT format onlyWord saves in DOT format only Double-extension on recently opened fileDouble-extension on recently opened file Antivirus application will not install, or disabledAntivirus application will not install, or disabled New users with full security permissionsNew users with full security permissions File sizes/dates changedFile sizes/dates changed Files disappearFiles disappear System will not boot normallySystem will not boot normally

Virus DefinitionsVirus Definitions Definition file contains tell-tale code strings Definition file contains tell-tale code strings

for known viruses and wormsfor known viruses and worms Keep definitions up to dateKeep definitions up to date

Avoid Future InfectionsAvoid Future Infections Do not open unexpected attachmentsDo not open unexpected attachments Keep Windows and IE patchedKeep Windows and IE patched Disable extra services that are unusedDisable extra services that are unused Do not boot from an unknown floppyDo not boot from an unknown floppy Use strong passwordsUse strong passwords Update virus definitions frequentlyUpdate virus definitions frequently

Disk DefragmenterDisk Defragmenter Increases performance by decreasing Increases performance by decreasing

fragmentationfragmentation Fragmentation makes files take longer to Fragmentation makes files take longer to

loadload Disable background applications before Disable background applications before

defragmentingdefragmenting Run from Start, Programs, Accessories, Run from Start, Programs, Accessories,

System Tools menuSystem Tools menu

Disk DefragmenterDisk Defragmenter

Disk CleanupDisk Cleanup Frees up space by Frees up space by

recommending recommending files to be deletedfiles to be deleted

Comes with all Comes with all versions except versions except Windows 95Windows 95

Start, Programs, Start, Programs, Accessories, Accessories, System ToolsSystem Tools

FAT32 ConverterFAT32 Converter Comes only with Windows 98Comes only with Windows 98 Converts FAT16 to FAT32Converts FAT16 to FAT32

DriveSpaceDriveSpace Comes only with DOS, Win95, and Win98Comes only with DOS, Win95, and Win98 Compresses FAT16 drives to save disk Compresses FAT16 drives to save disk

spacespace Does not work with FAT32 or NTFSDoes not work with FAT32 or NTFS Drives take longer to defragment Drives take longer to defragment

Computer ManagementComputer Management Windows Windows

2000/XP utility2000/XP utility Found in Found in

Administrative Administrative Tools in Tools in Control PanelControl Panel

Disk ManagementDisk Management Found within Found within

Computer Computer ManagementManagement

Partition and Partition and format disksformat disks

Examine disk Examine disk propertiesproperties

Microsoft Management Console Microsoft Management Console (MMC)(MMC)

Customizable version of Computer Customizable version of Computer ManagementManagement

Can access other computers on the Can access other computers on the networknetwork

Starts out blankStarts out blank

Snap-ins add functionalitySnap-ins add functionality

Microsoft Management ConsoleMicrosoft Management Console

Hardware Diagnostic Tool Hardware Diagnostic Tool (HWINFO)(HWINFO)

Windows 98 and Windows Me onlyWindows 98 and Windows Me only

Different view of same information as Different view of same information as System InformationSystem Information

Run with the /UI switch from the Run Run with the /UI switch from the Run command: HWINFO /UIcommand: HWINFO /UI

Scan DiskScan Disk Finds and fixes file Finds and fixes file

system errorssystem errors Optionally can Optionally can

check hard disk check hard disk for physical errors for physical errors tootoo

Exists in 2000/XP Exists in 2000/XP but called Check but called Check Disk insteadDisk instead

Check DiskCheck Disk Windows 2000/XP version of Scan DiskWindows 2000/XP version of Scan Disk

System Configuration Editor System Configuration Editor (SYSEDIT)(SYSEDIT)

Registry EditorRegistry Editor REGEDITREGEDIT

Primary Registry editor utility, in all versionsPrimary Registry editor utility, in all versions REGEDT32REGEDT32

Different version in most Windows versionsDifferent version in most Windows versions In Windows XP, running REGEDT32 redirects In Windows XP, running REGEDT32 redirects

you to REGEDITyou to REGEDIT SCANREGSCANREG

Registry checker, available in 98 and Me onlyRegistry checker, available in 98 and Me only

Other UtilitiesOther Utilities Dr. WatsonDr. Watson Automatic Skip Driver (ASD)Automatic Skip Driver (ASD) Task SchedulerTask Scheduler Windows Scripting Host (WSCRIPT)Windows Scripting Host (WSCRIPT)