PERFECT TENSES By : Jawid Qaumi & Mashooq Jami

CONTENT

• Present perfect tense

• Present perfect progressive tense

• Past perfect tense

• Past perfect progressive tense

• Future perfect tense

• Future perfect progressive tense

• Exercises

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

• Formation

• S+HAVE/HAS+V3+C

• Exp.

• He has visited Kabul.

Usage 1 Present perfect tense is used to show an action which started and finish at some

unspecified or inexact time in the past

Note

When the present perfect tense is used in this way, it is usually followed by the adverbs of time such as(already , before , recently , yet … etc. )

PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

• Exp.

• She has already finished the chores.

• Ahmad and Fowad have not gone to school yet.

• I have passed the exam successfully.

Usage 2 The present perfect tense is used with ( since ) and ( for ) ti show an action which

started in the past and continued up to present.

Exp :

She has studied English for four months .

Behroz has lived in Kabul city since 2001.

PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE TENSE

• Structure

• S + HAVE/HAS + BEEN + VING + C .

• EXP:

• I have been studying my lessons .

Usage Present perfect progressive tense is used to show the duration of an action

which started in the pas , continued up to now and still continuing .

Note :

Present perfect progressive tense is usually followed by ( since )&( for ).

PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE TENSE

• Exp.

• Samim has been providing the application since one o,clock.

• Nasima has been washing the clothes for tow hours.

• I have been living in Kabul since 2007.

• I have been living in Kabul for 4 years.

• Note

• Since : show the length of time.

• For : show the duration of time.

PAST PERFECT TENSE

• Structure

• S + HAD + V3 + C .

• EXP.

• I had fixed the picture on the wall

Usage

Past perfect tense is used to show an action which was completed before another action or before some specified time in the past.

PAST PERFECT TENSE

• Note :

• A ( before clause ) is usually used with the past prefect tense to specify the past action .

EXP :

She had cooked the lunch before we arrived home.

Ahmad had finished school by the time he got twenty.

PAST PERFECT PROGRESSIVE TENSE

• Structure

• S + HAD + BEEN + VING + C .

• EXP :

• I had been studying math

Usage

Past perfect progressive tense is used to show the duration of an action which was in progress before another action in the past.

PAST PERFECT PROGRESSIVE TENSE

• EXP :

• They ad been living in Mazzar before coming to Kabul.

• Ahmad had been studying the lessons before he participated in the exam.

FUTURE PERFECT TENSE

• Structure

• S + WILL/SHALL + HAVE + V3 + C.

• EXP .

• I will have finished the work

Usage 1

Future perfect tense is used to show an action which will have been completed before some specified time or before another action in the future

Exp .

I will have prepared every thing when you arrive home .

She will have dressed up when the time we come here .

FUTURE PERFECT TENSE

• Usage 2

• Future perfect tense is used to show an action that will be competed at some unspecified time in the future .

• Exp .

• We will have completed the home work by 7 : 00 in the morning .

• They will have been at home by four o’ clock in the afternoon .

FUTURE PERFECT PROGRESSIVE TENSE

• Structure • S + WILL/SHALL + HAVE + BEEN + VING + C

• EXP

• The student will have been playing soccer .

Usage

The future perfect progressive tense is used to show the duration of an action which will be continuing before some specified time or before another action in the future

FUTURE PERFECT PROGRESSIVE TENSE

• Exp .

• They will have been painting the apartment by Friday .

• Yama will have studying his lessons by the time he goes to fifth semester .

• All our classmates will have been getting ready for the exam by the time the teacher comes to class .

TASHAKOR EVERY ONE ;)

•Any Question !

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