present preterit imperfect perfect tenses progressive tenses future conditional
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Spanish Tenses. Present Preterit Imperfect Perfect tenses Progressive tenses Future Conditional. corremos. We run. pienso. I think. You eat. comes. Present tense. They go. van. camina. She walks. He sings. canta. The present tense is formed as follows:. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
• Present• Preterit• Imperfect• Perfect tenses• Progressive tenses• Future• Conditional
She walkscamina
He singscanta
I thinkpiensoWe runcorremos
They govan
You eatcomes
The present tense is formed as follows:
hablar comer vivir yo habl com viv
tú habl com viv
él habl com viv
nosotros habl com viv
ellos habl com viv
o
as
a
amosan
o
es
e
emosen
o
es
e
imosen
There are many irregular “yo” forms in the present tense. Some are:
tener: venir: salir: hacer: traer: caer: dar: estar: saber: poner: decir: oír:
tengo vengosalgo hagotraigo caigodoy estoysé pongo
digo oigo
Can you think of any others?
She eats apples
Ella come manzanas
We live in Chicago. Nosotros vivimos en Chicago
She walkedcaminó
He sangcantó
I suddenly thought
penséWe rancorrimos
They wentfueron
You atecomiste
The preterit tense is formed as follows:
hablar comer vivir yo habl com viv
tú habl com viv
él habl com viv
nosotros habl com viv
ellos habl com viv
é
aste
ó
amosaron
í
iste
ió
imosieron
í
iste
ió
imosieron
There are numerous irregulars in the preterit. There is a pattern to some, though. Note the following endings:
yo e nosotros imos tú iste él o ellos ieron
They work with the following verbs:poder traer decir ponerestar tener saber querer hacer venir andar
Do you remember the stems that these verbs change to before adding the endings?
pud- traj- dij- pus- estuv- tuv- sup- quis- hic- vin- anduv-
Two exceptions are “traj” and “dij” in which you add “eron” instead of “ieron” in the “ellos” form.
Other irregulars in preterit include:
SER/IR DAR
HABER
fui fuimos fuiste fue fueron
di dimos diste dio dieron
hubo
Don’t forget in third person, some verbs stem change, ie; murió, durmieron, pidió, sirvieron, etc.
She ate apples
Ella comió manzanas
We lived in Chicago.
Nosotros vivimos en Chicago
She used to walk
caminaba
He would singcantaba
I thoughtpensabaWe used to run
corríamos
They were goingiban
You always atecomías
The imperfect tense is formed as follows:
hablar comer vivir yo habl com viv
tú habl com viv
él habl com viv
nosotros habl com viv
ellos habl com viv
aba
abasaba
ábamosaban
ía
ías
ía
íamos
ían
ía
ías
ía
íamos
ían
There are only 3 irregulars in the imperfect:
IR => SER =>
VER =>
iba era
veía
*Imperfect generally indicates action that was going on over a period of time. It also sets the scene and describes. In English it can translate to : ”used to” and “was doing.”
She used to eat apples.
Ella comía manzanas
We used to live in Chicago. Nosotros vivíamos en Chicago.
She has walkedha caminado
He had sunghabía cantado
I have thoughthe pensadoWe have runhemos corrido
They had gonehabían ido
You had eatenhabías comido
The perfect tenses are made up of two parts: “haber” and the “past participle.” The forms of “haber” are:
yo tú él nosotros
ellos
Present Past (imp.)h
ehabía
hashahemoshan
habíashabíahabíamoshabían
The participle is formed as follows: -ar verbs= -ado -er, -ir verbs= -ido However, there are some irregulars:
decir-> hacer-> poner-> abrir->
escribir-> volver-> romper->ver-> cubrir->morir->
dicho
*any verb ending with the same as above will share the irregular ending, ie: imponer= impuesto
puestoescritoroto
cubierto
hechoabiertovuelto
vistomuerto
Present perfect means:“has or have done some- thing”
For example: he comido = has escrito = hemos ido =
I have eatenYou have writtenWe have gone
She has eaten apples.Ella ha comido manzanas.
We had lived in Chicago.
Nosotros habíamos vivido en Chicago.
She is walkingEstá caminando
He was running
Estaba corriendo
We are eatingEstamos comiendo I was thinkingEstaba
pensando
They are waitingEstaban esperando
The progressive tenses are made of two things: “estar” and the “present participle”
estar present participle present: -ar => preterit: -er => imperfect: -ir =>
estáestuvo
estaba
-ando-iendo-iendo
They only irregular (que yo sepa) is IR which goes to “yendo.”
She is eating apples. (right now)
Ella está comiendo manzanas.We were living in Chicago. Nosotros estábamos viviendo en Chicago.
She will walkCaminará He will runCorrerá
We will eatComeremosI will thinkPensaré
They will waitEsperarán
CantarásYou will sing
The future tense is formed as follows:
hablar comer vivir yo hablar comer vivir
tú hablar comer vivir
él hablar comer vivir
nosotros hablar comer vivir
ellos hablar comer vivir
ás
á
emosán
é
ás
á
emosán
é
ás
á
emos
é
án
Some irregulars in the future are:querer-> hacer-> decir-> poder-> poner->
salir-> tener-> haber-> venir->
querr- saldr-
The normal endings are added to the stems above instead of the infinitive.
tendr-habr-vendr-
har-dir-podr-pondr-
She will eat apples.
Ella comerá manzanas.
We will live in Chicago.
Nosotros viviremos en Chicago.
She would walkCaminaría He would runCorrería
We would eatComeríamosI would thinkPensaría
They would waitEsperarían
CantaríasYou would sing
The conditional tense is formed as follows:
hablar comer vivir yo hablar comer vivir
tú hablar comer vivir
él hablar comer vivir
nosotros hablar comer vivir
ellos hablar comer vivir
ías
ía
íamosían
ía
ías
ía
íamosían
ía
ías
ía
íamos
ía
ían
The conditional shares the irregular stems of the future tense.
querr-
vendr-dir-har-habr-saldr-pondr-podr-tendr-
She would eat apples.
Ella comería manzanas.
We would live in Chicago.
Nosotros viviríamos en Chicago.
I will go to the park.
We have seen the light.
You wrote a letter yesterday.
Alex used to visit often.
You all would buy a car, but…
Iré al parque. or Voy al parque.
Hemos visto la luz.
Escribiste una carta ayer.
Alex visitaba a menudo.
Uds. comprarían un coche, pero...
Katie & Sylvia are eating in class.
Sara has been singing in the car.
You will want a bite (mordisco).
Matt would have seen the accident if… Lauren will have been running for 10 miles (millas).
Katie & Sylvia están comiendo en clase or comen en clase.
Sara ha estado cantando en el coche.Querrás un mordisco.
Matt habría visto el accidente si...
Lauren habrá estado corriendo por 10 millas.