Persons with disabilities

• Disabled person is considered a person with mental or physical disability

• Disabled person or person in  hampered development is  the person who is in the extent level and quality hampered, among a certain kind of disability as psychological or physical development.

•  It is those people whose sesensory, motor, mental or emotional development lags behind the development of appropriate persons of the same age, because they need special social protection to alleviate the consequences of disability

• Persons with developmental disabilities are grouped in six main groups:

People with sensory disabilities

• This term includes only two senses: vision and sense of hearing (all degrees of impairment) of which occur as a consequence difficult communication with the environment, which influence on hinder or lower intellectual and social efficiency.

People with physical disabilities

• This group includes people with impaired locomotion due to various chronic diseases, forms of cerebral palsy, post-traumatic disabilities and others.

• Persons with underdeveloped intellectual skills

• This group includes people with an IQ below 70 IQ, such as: mentally retarded (IQ = 51-69), moderate mental retardation (IQ = 30-50), severely and profoundly mentally retarded.

• 4. People with speech disorders (dyslexia, disartrija, dyslexia)

• Persons with impaired motor (disgraphy, dislateraliziranost)

• Persons with disabilities expressed in behaviour (educational problems, emotional and social immaturity, passive-aggressive and aggressive reactions, delinquent behavior).

• Developmental disabilities are always a problem of socialization.

• Person who is no damage to the intellectual, sensory or motor capabilities is exposed to two types of consequences: some are direct consequences of the damage, while others are a result of the relation of closer and wider environment.

• These people are usually described as unconfident, untrust, worthy people prone to isolation from other people, which is often the consequence of the person trying to satisfy their needs in the environment which is not favorable

• On this understanding," disability "is seen as a problem with society, and" damage "as amedical issue or individual .

• The main problem for people with visual disorders is that they always need help from another person. And among them were the problem the tension caused by excessive effort for successful operation.

• The second group includes people who have difficulty in adjusting, anxiety, withdrawal, decreased initiative to communicate.

• Persons with hearing impairment have changed way of communicating with the environment.

• Because of difficulties in communication, they are characterized by the following personality characteristics: increased motor activity, egocentrism, reduced ability to understandcomplex interpersonal relationships, rigid behavior

.

• Impaired speech, often exposed to ridicule of the environment leading to withdrawal in themselves and to decreased motivation for joining in activities, until depressed and aggressive reactions.

• People with physical impairments due to their physical condition are unable to fully participate in activities typical of their age.

• Therefore, these individuals have an increased awareness of themselves and their lack, feelings of dissatisfaction, depression, anxiety, feelings of inferiority and shame.

• There is no different in communication with persons with disabilities than with the persons without disorders.  people only needed to be sensitive to the limitations from the type of disability.

• However, fear of the unknown, fear of diversity, prejudice, ignorance, and sometime incrise concern, often appear as obstacles in communicating with people with disabilities.

• The conversation is necessary to turn directly to the person with disability, not through someone in his company.

• Sometimes thinks that people with disabilities can make decisions for themselves. Ok is free to use phrases such as "see" (though you are talking to a person with impaired vision), "Hail, run now" (even though you are talking to a person in a wheelchair), or "hear "(a person with impaired hearing).

• When talking with a person with disabilities should not use the word "disabled". The root of this word is the Latin word invalids, which means powerless, so that,somehow, the use of this word is associated with the opinion which denies any value to people with disabilities, associated with compassion, mercy and similar chuvastva.

• Manyof these people considered an insult if someone refers to "disabled".

• Towards the persons with disabilities should be treated humanely flat on itself, because this is what they are.

• If we consider that he/she needs help, first ask if he needs help, and how we can best assist.

• You do not need to show curiosity toward disability and the reasons for its emergence, it is enough to limit questions to those that thay most needed that allow adjustment of his / her needs.

• You do not need to show admiration for the abilities and achievements of the people despite their disability.

• In the contacts with these people we should respect the specifics in behavior. 

• They are usually sensitive, so that any rud procedures can cause aggressive behavior and resistance to cooperation. In the conversation we must not do that we do not see their flaws, but we should not show too much consideration and compassion.