The curricular offering of the following

principles/philosophies of education are focused

on specific courses because each

principles/philosophies has its particular aims, beliefs, concepts, and teaching methods to

guide them in achieving their goals.

IDEALISM

The subjects offered are essential for

MENTAL, MORAL and SPIRITUAL

DEVELOPMENT, to wit:

PHILOSOPHYTHEOLOGY HISTORYARTSMATHEMATICS LITERATURE

VALUES EDUCATIONGMRC

CHRISTIAN LIVING

EDUCATION develops the individual spiritually, mentally and morally,

thus education contributes to the

development of mind and self, thereby, the school

should emphasize intellectual abilities, moral, judgments, aesthetics, self-

realization, individual freedom and

responsibility and self-control.

Students must be encouraged to build-up knowledge and critical thinking. It is a fact that learning is a product of

the learner’s own activity

The learning process must be made more

efficient by the stimulation which comes from the teacher and the

environment of the school

In this regard, the teacher must be highly communicative using

different teaching strategies, chief source of inspiration and

knowledge, among others, thus, the school must encourage

teachers to use effective teaching styles that would fit in to what the school envisions for

the learners.

REALISM

The curricular offerings for

this philosophy are:

BIOGRAPHY

NATURAL SCIENCE

SOCIAL SCIENCE

ARTSPOETRY

LITERATURE

These consist of different related concepts that

constitute the structure of the discipline which is

said to be organized, separated and

systemically arranged subject matter.

The scientific methods and problem solving approach are

used, to wit:

SYNTHESIZING

OBSERVING FACTORSRELATED TO PROBLEMS

TESTING HYPOTHESIS

It provides the student with the

essential knowledge he will need to survive in the natural world.

The teacher must possess a body of knowledge and is

capable of transmitting it to students. In other words, teaching

must not be indoctrinating but learning must be

interactive.

In this way, the teacher must

maintain discipline by reward and

control the student by activity.

The curricular offering in this

philosophy is a Combination of academic and

vocational disciplines whichare integrated and

based on the problems of society.

This is particularly for social efficiency that

train students to continuously and actively quest for information and production of new ideas needed to adjust to an ever-changing society.

The curricular

offerings in this

philosophy is focused

on

ARTS AND SCIENCES

GREAT IDEAS

OR UNIVERSAL PRINCIPLES

AND MORAL AESTHETIC

RELIGION

AND INTELLECTUAL TOPICS

Perrenialists believe that one should teach

the things of everlasting importance

to all people everywhere.

They believe that the most important topics develop a person

Since details of fact change constantly,

these cannot be the most

important. Therefore, one should teach

principles, not facts.

Since people are human, one

should teach first about

humans, not machines or techniques.

Since people are people first, and workers

second if at all, one should

teach liberal topics first, not

vocational topics.

It has no structured curriculum wherein it is child centered which give emphasis on life

experiences.

This philosophy also focuses on the

four (4) H’s

HAND

HEALTHHEAD

HEART

for physical, emotional, social and manipulative skills.

It focuses more upon the child’s

learning, than upon curriculum content

of the teacher’s pedagogy.

TWO MAIN APPROACHES OF

PROGRESSIVE EDUCATION

1.‘CHILD-CENTERED’

2.‘SOCIAL-RECONSTRUCTIONISM’

Education which aims to give children

the freedom to develop naturally in

a democratic environment

2.‘SOCIAL-RECONSTRUCTIONISM’ focuses on a

curriculum highlighting social

reform as the aim of education

Schools under this philosophy are

focused on the needs of pupils through

tolerant discipline, encouragement of the arts and crafts, using manual work

as an aspect of physical education,

and simplicity of living.

New teaching methods are

encouraged, ‘open plan’ school

architecture and more imaginative use of

space in all types of primary schools. It also

promotes a child-centered classroom

approaches.

The curriculum of this philosophy is focused on core

skills like reading, writing, and arithmetic.

Teaching of essential facts and concepts on Science,

Literature, Health and P.E.; Hard Sciences, technical and

vocational courses; Arts for aesthetic expression; and

Values of discipline, hard work, and

respect for authority.

ESSENTIALIST

believes that there exist a critical core of information and skill

that an educated person must have

the aim of education is to

teach the young the essentials they

need to live well in the modern world

Teachers must be expert in content

knowledge, teaches essential knowledge and maintains task-oriented focus

It will develop individuals to perform justly, skillfully,

and magnanimously

It helps individuals to adjust to cultural demands and live together in peace

The curricular offerings in this philosophy are:

ETHICS/VALUES

SCIENCES HUMANITIESPHILOSOPHYARTS FOR AESTHETIC EXPRESSIONHISTORYLITERATUREMATHEMATICS

The concern of existentialism is to give an account of what it is like to exist as a human

being in the world.

The issue of freedom

and choice are of crucial

importance in

existentialism.

This philosophy maintains

that values which have

been discovered

can be adopted for one’s life.

The curricular

offerings in this

philosophy are:

EDUCATIONAL PHILOSOPHIES

SOCIAL CHANGE PHILOSOPHY

NATIONAL/INTERNATIONAL/GLOBAL

ISSUESSOCIETAL NEEDS AND PROBLEMS

This curriculum is cutting edge information needed to correct current societal problems and

build a new society. To make a better world, and

prepare for the future.

Reconstructionist insists on promoting character

education by making group decisions in the light of the

consequences of those decisions.

They prefer the group problem-solving-project

methodology. People are responsible for social conditions and can

improve the quality of human life by changing the social

order.

Society is in need of constant

reconstruction. Such social change involves both reconstruction of education and the use

of education in reconstructing the

society.

It does not really seek to find a new

system of education, but

one that worked well in the past.

Stands for education in

accordance with nature. Application of natural laws to the educational

process

Education is the process of acquiring knowledge, habits, interest, attitudes, skills and abilities.

Developed the state-controlled and state-supported

public school

systems that are found

throughout the world

today.

Development of

responsible

citizen, loyalty

and patrolism

.

unfold the natural

capacities of the child to enhance developme

nt.

Social activities,

drills, experiencing lessons,

travel, trainings,

etc.