Physical & Chemical Properties & Uses Of Pharmaceutical &

Medicinal GasBy Zisan Ahmed Ziko

GAS

Gas is one of the four fundamental states of matter.

Example of gases

Oxygen Nitrogen Carbon Dioxide Florine Hydrogen

Pharmaceutical Gas The gas which are used

in pharmaceutical industry is called the pharmaceutical gas.

Example of Pharmaceutical Gas :

Nitrogen Oxygen Carbon Dioxide Ozone Hydroge

Physical Properties Of Pharmaceutical gas

Nitrogen:

Nitrogen gas is generally inert. It is a colorless gas. It has no Taste. Melting point -210° C Boiling point -196° C

Oxygen

Oxygen exists in all three forms - liquid, solid, and gas.

oxygen gas is colourless, Tasteless. Boiling point -182.96°C Melting point -218.4°C.

Carbon Dioxide

Carbon dioxide is a colourless gas. It is soluble in water . Melting Point : -55.6 degC Boiling Point : -78.5 degC Density : 1.977

Chemical Properties Of Pharmaceutical gas

Nitrogen

The color of indicators is not affected by the Nitrogen.

Nitrogen can combine with other elements . At high temperature or low temperature nitrogen

can form compounds.

Oxygen it supports combustion. Oxygen also combines with

elements at room temperature. Oxygen also reacts with many

compounds.

Carbon Dioxide

Carbon dioxide is a linear covalent molecule. Carbon dioxide is an acidic oxide and reacts with

water to give carbonic acid. CO2 + H2O ==> H2CO3

Uses of pharmaceutical gas

Nitrogen: Nitrogen is used for Inerting Lyophilisation Drying Liquid phase transfer

OxygenOxygen is Used for Chemical synthesis Low temperature storage Cyro condensation of waste gases In fermentation

Ozone : Used in chemical synthesis Uses in cyro grinding Low temperature storage

Carbon Dioxide :It is used for Inerting Chemical synthesis Extration Transportation of products

Medicinal Gas

Medical gases fall the definition of drugs and such must be treated as pharmaceutical products

Example

Helium Nitrogen Nitrous Oxide Halothane Oxygen Calibration of devices Carbon Dioxide

Physical Properties Of Medicinal Gas

Xenon

Xenon is a colorless. It is odourless gas. It has a boiling point of -108.13°C (-162.5°F)

Nirous Oxide

Color:   colorless Odor:    slightly sweet melting point  -90.81 oC boiling point  -88.46 oC

Helium

Helium is a colorless. It is odorless. It is a tasteless gas. Boiling point -268.9°C The freezing point of helium is -272.2°C

Chemical properties of Medicinal gases

Helium It is less soluble in water than

any other gas. It is non toxic. It is non-flammable

Nitrous Oxide

It is highly soluble in alcohol, ether, oils, and sulfuric acid.

By heating ammonium nitrate, it will decompose into nitrous oxide and water vapor (NH4NO3 (s) → 2 H2O (g) + N2O (g)).

Hydrogen: This gas is used in chemical synthesis and biochemistry.

Ammonia: This gas is used in chemical synthesis and biochemistry.

Nitrous Oxide :Used as gas propeilant for aerosois packaging

Uses of medicinal gas

Carbon dioxide : Carbon dioxide in liquid phase provides

temperatures of down to -76.C and can therefore It can be used for cryotherapy for local analgesia.

Helium : Liquid helium is used to cool the magnets. It also used in modern Magnetic Resonanace.

Nitrogen : It is used for cryobiology crytherapy.Nitrous oxide : N2O is used for introduction and maintenance of

inhalational anesthesia in combination with other drugs such as volatile compounds,anesthetics,muscle relaxants analgesic compouns and others.

Oxygen : As oxygen is essential for life.Therefore oxygen is

given for treatment and prevention of a variety of cardiac pulmonary and other diseases.