picture books cmns 320 2 feb 2006 ben woo. the children’s book
TRANSCRIPT
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Picture Books
CMNS 320
2 Feb 2006
Ben Woo
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The Children’s Book
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Why do do children have a literature of their own? Moral and spiritual
instruction Literacy and
education Entertainment and
pleasure
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Why do do children have a literature of their own? Preserving the
canon Bonding Therapy and
Socialization
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A Brief History of the Children’s Book First books
– “Mother Goose” adaptations of oral culture (sagas, ballads, tall tales, and rhymes)
1600: Reformation – Alphabet books, nursery rhymes, folk tales– Religious tracts
1700: Schooling – ‘the greats’/ texts books: literacy a disciplining of
consciousness and training for civility– opening new vistas: history, geography broadens scope
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A Brief History of the Children’s Book 1800: Children’s Literature
– Literature for its own sake: fantasy, imagination, fairy tales, folk tales and adventure stories
– The canon of kid’s lit: Alice, Peter Pan, and Pooh– Delights of the imaginary world (sprites and
animals; mystery and gentle humour)
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A Brief History of the Children’s Book 1930 and on: Mass Market
– From children’s literature to children’s media and popular culture
– Comics, cinema, radio, and television begin to compete with children’s books as sources for stories
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The Genealogy of Narrative
Stories in Oral Culture: – Story-telling: Drama, play, myth, saga,
religion– Role of Memory– The art of conversation– Voice and rhythm
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The Genealogy of Narrative
Books in modern culture– The literacy agenda: reading and writing as
techniques of rationality – Reading to Kids:
• The cultural agenda: knowledge, religion, civility and appropriate stories
• The canon
– Reading for Pleasure:• Autonomous zone of children’s literature• Liberated imagination
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The Genealogy of Narrative
Rise of Mass Mediated Culture:– Translation of folklore: Disney films and mass
popular culture– Exposing the Secrets: blurring the boundaries
between adult and child access to knowledge– Eroding the family sharing of stories– Ideological: Sanitization/contamination of Folk
tales– Commodification of culture: audiences rather than
children
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Children’s Book Publishing in Canada According to Statistics Canada:
– 66% of children’s books sold in Canada are by Canadian authors
– Canadian publishers have a total of 6 565 children’s book titles in print
– In 2000-01, Canadian publishers sales of children’s books (both their own titles and ones licensed from foreign authors) totaled $194 235 000
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Characteristics of Children’s Literature
Visual Fantastic Fun with language
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Pictures
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Fairy Tales
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Songs and Poems
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Hey Kids, Comics!
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William Hogarth
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William Hogarth
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William Hogarth
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Rodolphe Töpffer
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The Comic Book
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Super-heroes
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Two Moral Panics
Literacy Delinquency
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Dr. Frederic Wertham
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“Wonder Woman … is always a horror type. She is physically very powerful, tortures men, has her own female following, is the cruel, "phallic" woman. While she is a frightening figure for boys, she is an undesirable ideal for girls, being the exact opposite of what girls are supposed to want to be.”
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“Only someone ignorant of the fundamentals of psychiatry and of the psychopathology of sex can fail to realize a subtle atmosphere of homoerotism which pervades the adventures of the mature ‘Batman’ and his young friend ‘Robin.’”
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The Comics Code Authority
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Crimes shall never be presented in such a way as to create sympathy for the criminal, to promote distrust of the forces of law and justice, or to inspire others with a desire to imitate criminals.
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Although slang and colloquialisms are acceptable, excessive use should be discouraged and wherever possible good grammar shall be employed.
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Respect for parents, the moral code, and for honorable behavior shall be fostered. A sympathetic understanding of the problems of love is not a license for moral distortion.
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The treatment of love-romance stories shall emphasize the value of the home and the sanctity of marriage.
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Where have all the children gone? Dwindling child audience Competition with television Increasingly, readers AND creators are
middle aged men who grew up reading comics
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Superman For All Seasons
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