pin nl process intensification
DESCRIPTION
Lecture at the Process Intensification Netherlands Autumn meeting. On 13th November 2013TRANSCRIPT
Intensifying*CO2*binding*
Pol$Knops$Innova,on$Concepts$
www.innova,onconcepts.eu$knops@innova,onconcepts.eu$
Tel:$06;51304842$AUTUMN*SESSION*PINNL*$
Presenta;on*
• CO2*cycle*• Mineraliza;on*
• Gravity*Pressure*Vessel*
AUTUMN*SESSION*PINNL*$ *Pol*Knops/*Innova;on*Concept**2*13/11/2013*
“Uphill”*/*“Downhill”*En
ergy*level*
CO2*
Coal*
0$
AUTUMN*SESSION*PINNL*$ *Pol*Knops/*Innova;on*Concept**3*13/11/2013*
“Uphill”*/*“Downhill”*En
ergy*level*
CO2*
Coal*
0*
Urea*
Synthesis*gas*
CO*
AUTUMN*SESSION*PINNL*$ *Pol*Knops/*Innova;on*Concept**4*13/11/2013*
“Uphill”*/*“Downhill”*En
ergy*level*
CO2*
Coal*
0*
Urea$
Synthesis$gas$
CO$
MgCO3*
The*Ground*energy*state*of*a*Carbon*is*a*Carbonate*
AUTUMN*SESSION*PINNL*$ *Pol*Knops/*Innova;on*Concept**5*13/11/2013*
Mineraliza;on*reac;on*
Olivine Mg2SiO4 + 2CO2 + 2H2O =>
2MgCO3 + Si(OH)4 [∆H = -239.2 kJ/mol]
AUTUMN*SESSION*PINNL*$ *Pol*Knops/*Innova;on*Concept**6*13/11/2013*
Carbon*deposits*Amount*(C)*(X*10E15*kg)*
Rela;ve*(%)*
Limestone$(CaCO3)$ 35.000$ 47%*
Dolomites$(CaCO3MgCO3)$ 25.000$ 33%*
Sedimentary$carbon$ 15.000$ 20%$
Recoverable$fossil$fuels$ 4$ 0,005%$
Oceanic$HCO3;$CO32;$ 42$ 0,056%$
Dead$Surficial$Carbon$(humus,$peat)$ 3$ 0,004%$
Atmospheric$CO2$ 0,72$ 0,00095%$
Biomass$ 0,56$ 0,0007%$
Anthropogenic$emissions$ 0,008/year$
Natural$(volcanic)$ 0,00005$/yr$ (1%)$
“Live”*
“Dead”*
AUTUMN*SESSION*PINNL*$13/11/2013* *Pol*Knops/*Innova;on*Concept**7*
Global*CO2*balance*
AUTUMN*SESSION*PINNL*$13/11/2013* *Pol*Knops/*Innova;on*Concept**8*
CO2*sequestra;on*
Increase*mineraliza;on:*
• Ambient*Weathering*
• Product*replacement*
• Process*intensifica;on*
Weathering*rate:*
≈*1*μm/year*
≈100*μm/hr*
Intensifica*on:-1.000.000-*mes-AUTUMN*SESSION*PINNL*$13/11/2013* *Pol*Knops/*Innova;on*Concept**9*
Process*condi;ons*
Flue*gas*
60°C$
Ambient$(10%$CO2)$
seconds$
Mineraliza;on*
180°C$
40;100$bar$
1$hour$
VerTech*(GPV)*
275°C$
100$bar$
1$hour$
Temperature$
Pressure$
Residence$,me$
AUTUMN*SESSION*PINNL*$13/11/2013* *Pol*Knops/*Innova;on*Concept**10*
Process*
• Opera;ng*principle:*Step*by*step*explained*in*following*slides*
AUTUMN*SESSION*PINNL*$ $Pol$Knops/$Innova,on$Concept$$11$13/11/2013*
Reactor*1*
B$
A$
A:*Incoming*material*B:*DownComer*tube** Pressure*increase** Preehea;ng*medium*(speed*up*reac;on*kine;cs)*
0$meter$
;1200$meter$
AUTUMN*SESSION*PINNL*$ *Pol*Knops/*Innova;on*Concept**12*13/11/2013*
Reactor*2*
B$
A$
A:*Incoming*material*B:*DownComer*tube*C:*CO2*injec;on** Reactants*present,*increased*temperature*present** Exothermic*reac;on*e>*Energy*produc;on*
C*
C*
C*
C*
*Pol*Knops/*Innova;on*Concept**13*13/11/2013* AUTUMN*SESSION*PINNL*$
D$
Reactor*3*
B$
A:*Incoming*material*B:*DownComer*tube*C:*CO2*injec;on*D:*UpComer*tube:** Releases*most*of*the*energy*to*DownComer** Pressure*decreases** Leaves*the*reactor*
C*
A$
D*
AUTUMN*SESSION*PINNL*$ *Pol*Knops/*Innova;on*Concept**14*13/11/2013*
E$D$
Reactor*4*
B$
A:*Incoming*material*B:*DownComer*tube*C:*CO2*injec;on*D:*UpComer*tube*E:*Surrounding*cooling*tube***Func;on*first*(reverse*circula;on)*hea;ng*up****Aier*“igni;on”*(exothermic*reac;on)**cooling******The*cooling*water*can*be*reeused*(amine*recovery)***Appr.*half*of*the*exothermic*heat*is*available*at*this*high*temperature*pipe*
C*
A$
E*
E*E*
AUTUMN*SESSION*PINNL*$ *Pol*Knops/*Innova;on*Concept**15*13/11/2013*
E$D$
Advantages*
B$
C*
A$
; *Pressure*built*up*; *Heat*exchange*; *Intense*mixing*; *Plug*flow*reactor*; *Residence*;me*; *Energy*recovery*
E*
E* E*
AUTUMN*SESSION*PINNL*$ *Pol*Knops/*Innova;on*Concept**16*13/11/2013*
Construc;on*
• Conven;onal*drilling:**Straight,*30”**
13/11/2013*
Well*head*
Process*Comparison* VerTech* CO2*Energy*reactor*
(pilot*scale)*
Experience*Construc;on*period*
>*10*years*1992*e*1994*
Not**e*
Throughput* 120*m3/hr*550.000*m3/hr*
100*m3/hr*20*ton*Olivine/hr*
Energy*produc;on*Recovery*
9.5*MW(th)*50%*@*260°C*
9.8*MW(th)*50%*@*180°C*
Energy*density* 0.34*MJ/kg* 0.42*MJ/kg*
Gas*injec;on* O2:*2400*kg/hr* CO2:*12*ton/hr*100kton*CO2/yr*
Max.*temp*Depth*
270°C*1200*meter*
190°C**1200*meter*
AUTUMN*SESSION*PINNL*$ *Pol*Knops/*Innova;on*Concept**19*13/11/2013*
Batch*autoclave*
AUTUMN*SESSION*PINNL*$ *Pol*Knops/*Innova;on*Concept**20*13/11/2013*
Other*Processes*
• Asbestos*destruc;on*• Steel*slags*• Red*mud*treatment*
• Bayer*process*(alumina*produc;on)*
• High*Pressure*Acid*Leaching*• Wet*Air*Oxida;on:*** Oil*Sand*residue*
*Pol*Knops/*Innova;on*Concept**21*13/11/2013* AUTUMN*SESSION*PINNL*$
End*
Reac;on*rate:*
From*geological*scale*to*process*scale*
Een GPV-reactor gebruikt de zwaartekracht om de benodigde druk te creëren,terwijl de warmte die bij de reactie vrijkomt zorgt voor de gewenste hoge temperaturen.
Gravity Pressure Vessel (GPV)
van water engemalen olivijn
injectie slurry
stoom
slurry
carbonaten
slurrystroomt weer terug naar boven
© De Ingenieur / Marcel Groenen
afgetapt en gebruikt voorproductie van elektriciteit
water
reageert met olivijn envormt carbonaten:
carbondioxyde
magnesiumcarbonaatcalciumcarbonaatkaliumcarbonaat
zand (silicaten)
zwaartekrachtzorgt voor debenodigde druk
Warmte die bij de reactie vrijkomtzorgt voor hoge temperaturen