planned cities on the indus
DESCRIPTION
Planned Cities on the Indus. Main Idea: The first Indian civilization built well-planned cities on the banks of the Indus River. Why it matters now: The culture of India today has its roots in the civilization of the early Indus cities. Vocabulary. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Planned Cities on the Indus](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062501/568165b0550346895dd8a0de/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Planned Cities on the Indus
Main Idea: The first Indian civilization built well-planned cities on the banks of the Indus River.Why it matters now: The culture of India today has its roots in the civilization of the early Indus cities.
![Page 2: Planned Cities on the Indus](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062501/568165b0550346895dd8a0de/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Vocabulary
• subcontinent: Land mass that is a distinct part of a continent. Example: Indian subcontinent.
• monsoon: Seasonal wind• Harappan civilization: Ancient settlements in
the Indus River Valley
![Page 3: Planned Cities on the Indus](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062501/568165b0550346895dd8a0de/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
The Geography of the Indian Subcontinent
• Indian Subcontinent– Landmass that includes
India, Pakistan, and Bangledesh
– World’s tallest mountain ranges separate it from the rest of Asia
![Page 4: Planned Cities on the Indus](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062501/568165b0550346895dd8a0de/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
The Geography of the Indian Subcontinent
• Rivers, Mountains, and Plains– Mountains to north,
desert to east, protect Indus Valley from invasion
– Southern India, a dry plateau flanked by mountains
– Narrow strip of tropical land along coast
![Page 5: Planned Cities on the Indus](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062501/568165b0550346895dd8a0de/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
The Geography of the Indian Subcontinent
• Monsoons– Seasonal winds—
monsoons– dominate India’s climate
– Winter winds are dry; summer winds bring rain—can cause flooding
![Page 6: Planned Cities on the Indus](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062501/568165b0550346895dd8a0de/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
The Geography of the Indian Subcontinent
• Environmental Challenges– Floods along the Indus
unpredictable; river can change course
– Rainfall upredictable; could have droughts or floods
![Page 7: Planned Cities on the Indus](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062501/568165b0550346895dd8a0de/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
![Page 8: Planned Cities on the Indus](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062501/568165b0550346895dd8a0de/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Civilization Emerges on the Indus
• Indus Valley Civilization– Influenced an area larger
than Mesopotamia or Egypt
• Earliest Arrivals– About 7000 B.C.E.,
evidence of agricultural and domesticated animals
– By 3200 B.C.E., people farming in villages along Indus River
![Page 9: Planned Cities on the Indus](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062501/568165b0550346895dd8a0de/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: Planned Cities on the Indus](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062501/568165b0550346895dd8a0de/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
• Planned Cities– By 2500 B.C.E., people
build cities of brick laid out on a grid system.
– Engineers create plumbing and sewage systems
– Indus Valley called Harrapan civilization after Harappa, a city.
![Page 11: Planned Cities on the Indus](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062501/568165b0550346895dd8a0de/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
![Page 12: Planned Cities on the Indus](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062501/568165b0550346895dd8a0de/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
• Harappan Planning– City built on mud-brick platform to protect against
flood waters– Brick walls protect city and citadel—central
buildings of the city– Streets in grid system are 30 feet wide– Lanes separate rows of houses (which feature
bathrooms)
![Page 13: Planned Cities on the Indus](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062501/568165b0550346895dd8a0de/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
• Language– Had writing system of 300
symbols, but scientists cannot decipher it
• Culture– Harappan cities appear
uniform in culture, no great social divisions
– Animals importance to the culture; toys suggest prosperity
![Page 14: Planned Cities on the Indus](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062501/568165b0550346895dd8a0de/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
![Page 15: Planned Cities on the Indus](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062501/568165b0550346895dd8a0de/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
• Role of Religion– Priests closely linked to rulers– Some religious artifacts reveal links to modern
Hindu Culture• Trade– Had thriving trade with other peoples, including
Mesopotamia.
![Page 16: Planned Cities on the Indus](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062501/568165b0550346895dd8a0de/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Indus Valley Culture Ends
• Harappan Decline– Signs of decline begin around 1750 B.C.E.– Earthquakes, floods, soil depletion may have
caused decline– Around 1500 B.C.E., Aryans enter area and
become dominant
![Page 17: Planned Cities on the Indus](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062501/568165b0550346895dd8a0de/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Mohenjo-Daro
![Page 19: Planned Cities on the Indus](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062501/568165b0550346895dd8a0de/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Ancient Swastika symbol from the Indus Valley