planning for healthy food outside
DESCRIPTION
Markets: a brief historical view, followed by a discussion the contemporary issues of commerce, social interactions, health and environmental benefits, legal and policy considerations, and political benefits.TRANSCRIPT
Planning for Healthy Food Outside
Presented by:
Lauren Dunning, JD, MPHLos Angeles County Department of Public Health
Alfonso Morales, PhD University of Wisconsin – Madison
1. Alfonso – Historical Considerations and Frame
2. Lauren – Legal and Policy Considerations
3. Alfonso – Research and Policy Implications
4. Lauren – Examples from Farmers’ Markets and Healthy Mobile Vending
5. Alfonso and Lauren – Concluding Thoughts
Roadmap
Brief Historical Considerations
Maxwell Street, 1932
Earlier SystemsOf Exchange
EconomicUpheavals
And Regulatory
Changes
LegitimizedMarketplacesLegitimized
Marketplaces
LegitimizedMarketplaces
ModernRetail
Changed Occupational
Categories
LegitimizedMarketplaces
Malls
LegitimizedMarketplacesSecondary
Retail
LegitimizedMarketplaces
TertiaryRetail
LegitimizedMarketplaces
OnlineMarkets
LegitimizedMarketplacesMarketplaces
De-LegitimizedOngoing PracticesAnd Struggles for
Legitimation
Re-emergentConcerns with
Health, EmploymentEtc.
Economic formsPolitically (re)legitimized
In Summary: 150 Years of Markets
MoreUpheavals
And Changes
Contemporary Vendors and Vending
Commerce
• Enhancing Downtowns • Employment and Job Training• Business Incubation• Human Capital, Gross/Net
Receipts, and Multiplier• Promoting Local, Sustainable
Agriculture• Local Business • Business Partnerships• Public Investment• Tourism
Cosmopolitanism
• Social Encounters– ‘Heads Up’ versus ‘Heads Down’
• Diversity and Density• Recreation/Multi-use• Community Relations/Human Scale• Public Safety• Involved Youth • Services
Health and Environmental Benefits
• Food access and cost• Increase physical activity• Health/nutritional education• Psychological well-being• Connecting rural and urban
Government Intervention for Health
• Procurement and use of public resources • Incentives• Regulation
Legal and Policy Considerations
• State– State Food Codes
• Local – Zoning– Licensing
Legal and Policy Considerations
Regulation of Use
Research Findings
• Should Government Allocate Vending Space?– Contingent on how many vendors are allowed– Means of allocation include lottery, auction, first come, rotation,
networks – important to communicate goals for vendors
• Should Goods/Merchandise be Restricted?– Contingent on public goals
• How Might Merchants Contribute to the Public?– Permits– Taxation– Insurance…etc.
Many Organizational Options
Political Benefits
• Revitalizing Public Spaces– Federal government program
• Mitigating risks– Public safety– public characters
• Public services– Civic engagement– Program participation
Arnstein, Sherry R. "A Ladder of Citizen Participation," JAIP, Vol. 35, No. 4, July 1969, pp. 216-224.
Accessed at: http://lithgow-schmidt.dk/sherry-arnstein/ladder-of-citizen-participation.html#download[coloration added]
Foster Commerce and Cosmopolitanism
• EXPERIMENT – Take lessons from other places
• Vendors fulfill Purposes from Various Perspectives
• Management and Internal Relationships– Stability and Flexibility can be won in many different ways
• Governance and External Relationships– How do vendors and street food articulate with other elements of
planning practice? Transportation, sidewalks, the food system, economic development…etc. What relationships are implied?
– What do sensible regulations look like?
Example: Farmers’ Markets
Private Property Public Property Streets
LA City XCode
XCode (parks)
X
LA County XCodeEBT
X X
San Francisco XCodeEBT
XCodeEBT
XEBT
Example: Healthy mobile vending Streets Sidewalks Public Property Private Property
New York Green Carts
Kansas City Parks incentive
Boston Healthy option Healthy option Healthy option
Philadelphia Healthy carts
San Francisco RFP
Policy Ideas• “When you cannot measure your knowledge is meager and
unsatisfactory.” Lord Kelvin – Enumerate markets/vendors – Census data – NAICS (category 454390), etc.
• Vendors (and marketplaces) create dynamic places that:– Provide a mix of experiences, diversions and commercial options that appeal
to multi-cultural and multi-generational patrons;– Provide visceral and visual experiences across time and season; that– Bridge the goals of state and society.
• Micro loans and Business advice when desired– Allow businesses/vendors to remain small, but harness the income for credit– Seek out local/regional supply chain opportunities
• Collaborate across agency, jurisdiction and organizational type – e.g. Business Schools, Business Improvement Districts, CBOs, Kitchen Incubators and Food Trucks, etc.
