plant metabolites ub.ppt dr

8/16/2019 Plant Metabolites UB.ppt Dr

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PLANTMETABOLISM

Dr. Idha Kusumawati, S.Si., Apt., M.Si.


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Plant Metabolism


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Primary Metabolites


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Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates are the sugars made upof glucose and its isomers


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Polysaccharides


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Polysaccharides


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Polysaccharides


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Cotton Boll – Pure Cellulose


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Gluey Polysaccharides


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Pectin and emicellulose


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Gum Arabic ! Acacia senegal


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Stora"e Polysaccharides


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Inulin-erusalem articho!e

Another Stora"e Carbohydrates


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Proteins


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Proteins


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" Structural proteins ma!e

up # to $%& of the cellwall in plants.

" '(pansins help increase

the surface area of cell

walls.

" '(tensins help protect

or repair damaged cell

walls." )he plant cell

membrane is about *%&

structural proteins.

Proteins


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Proteins


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Proteins


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Pa#ain $ Chymo#a#ain


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Bromelain


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LIPI%S


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OILS


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OLI&E OILS


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'A(ES


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Bayberry 'a)


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*o+oba 'a)


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Secondary Metabolites


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d b li


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not involved in any primary

biological activities of the plant

(e.g. photosynthesis, development)

> 30,000 secondary metabolites

identified


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Turlings et al. 1990

herbi,or

edama"e

arti-cial

dama"e

arti-cialdama"e

.

re"ur"itantno

dama"e

.re ur ita

Chromato"ra#hicPro-le

/unction o0


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/unction o0Secondary Metabolites

S d M b li


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Chemical ClassCompound

ExamplePlant

Examples

TerpenoidsLargest group with

structures identified,~30,000 compounds

Monoterpenes 'ssential oils and+olatiles e.g.

menthol

Mint

Sesuiterpenes

Diterpenes

)riterpenes Cucumber

)etraterpenoids

PhenolicsMore ubiquitous in

terms of presence in plants

)anninsCondensed

tannins/a!s

0ignins

1la+onoidsNitrogen

Containing Al!aloids 2icotine, Cocaine )obacco

Nitrogen andSulfur Containing

3lucosinolates SinigrinCabbage and other

4rassicaceae


Al1 l id


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" Al!aloids generally include al!aline substancesthat ha+e nitrogen as part of a ring structure.More than 5*%% al!aloids are !nown and are thelargest class of secondary compounds. )hey are+ery common in certain plant families, especially6

" peas 7 1abaceae" sunflower 7 Asteraceae" poppy 7 8apa+eraceae" tomato 7 Solanaceae

" dogbanes 7 Apocynaceae" mil!weeds - Asclepiadaceae" citrus 7 9utaceae.

Al1aloids


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Ter#enoids


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Ter#enoids


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/la,onoids


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/la,onoids

More Phenolics


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More Phenolics


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Minor Secondary Metabolites


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Minor Secondary Metabolites

Mustard Oil


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Mustard Oil

plant metabolites ub.ppt dr

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