plasterer trailblazer apprenticeship (9086)

On-Programme Training Specification

Plasterer Trailblazer Apprenticeship (9086) Version 1.0 (October 2018)

Plasterer Apprenticeship Training Specification (9086) 1

Introduction

Purpose

This document provides the detail of the skills and knowledge that an apprentice completing the Level 3 Plasterer Trailblazer Apprenticeship must attain and demonstrate prior to attempting the End-Point Assessment.

There are two pathways within this Trailblazer: Solid and Fibrous. Please be aware that there is a core element of study which will feature elements of both pathways so Apprentices will require a basic knowledge of both specialisms to complete this trailblazer.

The Core programme of study covers Modules 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9. Solid pathway covers Modules 10, 11, 12, and 13. Fibrous pathway covers Modules 14, 15, 16 and 17.

Work-based portfolio A work-based portfolio must be generated by the apprentice as a requirement of their Gateway that provides evidence (on-site performance evidence: witness testimonies, photographs) of how they have exhibited the following Core skills on-site:

Use of materials

Working safely

Constructing in-situ moulds

Constructing reverse moulds

Constructing running moulds

Repairing existing plaster

Installing cast mouldings

Applying one and two coat plastering to ceiling and walls

Mechanically installing plaster board to timber and light weight metal furrings

Direct bond plaster board to masonry

Jointing and taping systems

For those apprentices on the Solid plastering pathway they must also present evidence in their portfolio of the following skills:

Apply three coat plastering

Install machine applied plaster/render systems

Use additives and form mechanical keys as required

Re-instate plastering systems after chemical damp proof injection

Run in-situ moulding in sand and cement

Mechanically fix EML, riblath and timber lath


For those apprentices on the Fibrous plastering pathway they must also present evidence in their portfolio of the following skills:

Produce and install reverse moulds

Cast from reverse moulds

Take squeezes of mouldings

Reproduce mouldings to match original

Produce and install mouldings for restoration and conservation

This portfolio should support the Centre and Employer to determine if the apprentice is ready to go through Gateway (ie has the skills and knowledge to the required standard). It is also useful for the apprentice as a way of determining if they feel ready for Gateway based off their experience completing the portfolio.

This work-based portfolio will be reviewed by the appointed Independent End-Point Assessor prior to them observing the apprentice in their attempt at the Skills Test and will form a basis for a portion of the oral questioning. This portfolio ensures that the apprentice has demonstrated the above on-site skills in the workplace, which is necessary to receive CSCS recognition.


Contents

Contents 3

Module 1: Construction considerations for plastering work 4

Module 2: Communicating and working in the construction industry 7

Module 3: Communicating and providing customer service 11

Module 4: Health and safety for plastering 14

Module 5: Dry lining and direct bond, taping and jointing 18

Module 6: Solid plastering for internal walls and surfaces 21

Module 7: Running in-situ mouldings and producing and installing basic fibrous plasterwork 27

Module 8: Applying and finishing internal solid plastering 31

Module 9: Matching and reinstating plain plaster moulding sections 35

Module 10: External solid rendering 38

Module 11: Floor screed systems 42

Module 12: Applying and finishing external rendering 44

Module 13: Installing dry lining systems 48

Module 14: Fibrous plastering in the workshop 51

Module 15: Fibrous plastering on site 57

Module 16: Producing plaster mouldings 62

Module 17: Fixing pre-cast architectural mouldings 65

Appendix 1 Sources of general information 69

Appendix 2 Useful contacts 71

Dummy Front Matter Chapter Title - please do not include in output


Module 1: Construction considerations for plastering work

What is this module about?

The purpose of this module is for apprentices to understand the factors that have to be considered when plastering work takes place on a property. This includes the types of buildings and materials used, the required look and finish and implications such cost and availability of materials for the job.

Every plastering job is different - client requirements, available resources and site specific challenges mean that before work can take place careful planning and preparation has to take place. This module also introduces apprentices to the environmental considerations that need to be made when planning plastering jobs to ensure the work is ethically and sustainably.

Knowledge requirements

After this module, apprentices should:

1 Know building types and sectors

2 Understand features of traditional and modern construction materials

3 Understand environmental and sustainability considerations for buildings


Depth

1. Know building types and sectors

1.1 Types of building and their features

New builds – timber framed, metal framed, solid masonry, passive housing

Renovation – conversions, extensions, alterations

Restoration and heritage – listed buildings and their grading

1.2 Public and private sector buildings

Public sector builds – schools, hospitals etc.

Private sector builds – housing, shops, flats, office blocks etc.

2. Understand features of traditional and modern construction materials

2.1 Traditional construction materials

Benefits, limitations and uses of traditional construction materials and their properties

including:

Lime based mortar

Lath and plaster

Lime putty

2.2 Modern construction materials

Benefits, limitations and uses of modern construction materials and their properties

including:

Cement based mortars

Silicon based

Pre mixed

Lightweight plasters

Casting plasters

2.3 Considerations for selecting materials

Strength

Compatibility of materials

Visual aesthetics and finish

Material strength

Cost considerations

Moving, handling and storage considerations

Geographical location of buildings

Moisture – chemical damp proofing/tanking, effects of damage, facilities

3. Understand environmental and sustainability considerations for buildings

3.1 Environmental considerations

Evaluate environmental considerations for buildings:


Water management - foul and surface water management

Waste management – Recycling

Material procurement - Carbon footprints

Habitation considerations for wellbeing of occupants

3.2 Sustainability considerations

Evaluate sustainability considerations for buildings including energy efficiency:

Ground source heat pumps

U values

Thermal insulation

Glazing units


Module 2: Communicating and working in the construction

industry


The purpose of this module is for apprentices to understand their role in the construction process and who the key stakeholders on plastering jobs are. Working as part of a team on a construction job is challenging and rewarding - ensuring there are clear and established communication procedures is key to achieving a successful result for a client. Understanding the roles of ourselves and others in the construction trade and how they affect each other will help make jobs run smoothly.

This module also introduces apprentices to the planning and costing methods used on construction and plastering jobs, how to source and interpret the information needed to complete plastering jobs as well as ways of effectively communicating plans and resolving issues with others.



1 Understand roles, responsibilities and progression routes within the construction industry

2 Understand methods used to plan and cost construction projects

3 Understand effective communication for high quality customer service


Depth

1. Understand roles, responsibilities and progression routes within the construction industry

1.1 Job roles in the construction industry

Client

Architect

Project manager

Surveyors

Structural engineer

Craftsmen – qualified trades e.g. carpenter, plasterer

Site foreman

Building inspector

Safety officer

1.2 Responsibilities of job roles

Lines of reporting

Level of accountability

1.3 Progression routes within the construction industry

Following on from apprenticeship completion:

University or further study

Self-employment

Specialisation e.g. heritage work, specialist contracting work

2. Understand methods used to plan and cost construction projects

2.1 Planning work activities and efficiencies

Compare key documents and considerations when planning activities effectively:

Legal documentation - planning permissions and building regulations

Work schedule/Programme of work – including time frames

Method statement – including material requirements

Risk assessment

Management of workforce

2.2 Drawings and documentation

Interpret construction drawings and documentation:

Read and interpret scale rule

Symbols and abbreviations used on construction diagrams – block work, stud partitioning, dpm, dpc

Bill of quantities

Site layout plan


Information displayed on specifications and detailed drawings – e.g. scale , architect, drawing number, version

2.3 Estimating costs and quantities

Estimate costs and material requirements off construction plans/drawings:

Labour costs and requirements

Material costs

Quantities required

Plant hire charges

Units of measurement – m2, m3

3. Understand effective communication for high quality customer service

3.1 Effective communication methods

Advantages and disadvantages of different types of communication method:

Verbal – speech, tone

Non-verbal - body language, active listening

Written

Electronic – including email, messaging, social media

Drawn

Methods of maximising effectiveness and considerations for reducing barriers to

communication:

Use of language – avoiding jargon

Consideration of tone and volume

Suiting style to situation/audience – altering where necessary

Other considerations when communicating:

Importance of good relationships with stakeholders (including other trades)

Legal considerations and audit trails/records

Methods of presentation information

3.2 High quality customer service

Principles of high quality customer service:

Establishing the needs of others - colleagues, customers and other trades

Respect the working environment including customers’ properties

Considering impacts on other trades and the project

Good timekeeping

Professional image and appearance

Use of appropriate language

Integrity and transparency of work requirements


Module 3: Communicating and providing customer service


The purpose of this module is for apprentices to demonstrate practically the skills and knowledge that they have been taught in the ‘Communicating and working in the construction industry’ module.

This module will be assessed in a real working environment and apprentices will have to complete different tasks a number of times in order to achieve.

The module will provide the apprentice with the skills to plan plastering jobs, communicate their plans to others as well as providing customer service and support.

Skills requirements

After this module, apprentices should be able to:

1 Plan plastering jobs to meet job requirements

2 Communicate planned work requirements to clients and key stakeholders

3 Provide customer support when delivering plastering plans


Depth

1. Plan plastering jobs to meet job requirements

1.1 Identify and reference relevant drawings and specifications

1.2 Reference and account for health and safety requirements including the completion of risk assessments

1.3 Calculate required amounts or materials from drawings and other sources

1.4 Calculate job costs correctly, using appropriate estimations where necessary

1.5 Produce co-ordinated methods of work

1.6 Produce quality control checklists to be used on completion of work

Range

Sources

Specifications

Plans

Schedules

Manufacturers requirements

Methods of work

Risk assessments

Methods of work

Including the order of activities

Appropriate timescales

Taking account of other trades

Checklists

Self-evaluation of work carried out

Client evaluation of work

2. Communicate planned work requirements to clients and key stakeholders

2.1 Communicate details of plans to appropriate stakeholders using a range of methods

2.2 Encourage questions and feedback using active listening and open questioning

2.3 Use drawings and sketches to communicate ideas and job details

2.4 Gain and confirm agreement to proceed with works

2.5 Record advice and feedback received from client and other trades people

Range

Stakeholders

Foreman

Other trades people

Health and safety officer

Site manager

Client


Methods

Open and closed questions

Written methods (electronic and paper based)

3. Provide customer support when delivering plastering plans

3.1 Recognise the needs of clients and others who are working on the job

3.2 Work to ensure client property is protected and respected

3.3 Work respecting the needs of other tradespeople

3.4 Adhere to work timekeeping conventions as agreed with the foreman

3.5 Present themselves professionally with consideration of personal image and appearance

3.6 Communicate with others using appropriate language

3.7 Work following an organised and systematic approach

3.8 Complete jobs within given timescales, to agreed cost and specification

3.9 Complete work to the agreed and planned standard, reporting and escalating unforeseen problems where encountered

3.10 Finish work in accordance with the agreed quality control checklist

Range

Needs

Working with consideration of equality and diversity towards others when on site

Appropriate language

Adapting language to suit audience – using technical terminology with professional workers, avoiding jargon with clients

Using professional language – not swearing or using slang


Module 4: Health and safety for plastering


The purpose of this module is for apprentices to understand the principles of health and safety and identify how these can be applied in practice within plastering or construction related industries. Apprentices will be able to recognise common health and safety practices and processes which they will encounter within the workplace. Working in a construction environment is fast paced but presents many hazards and can be dangerous. Working in the industry requires essential health and safety knowledge in order to minimise harm to oneself and to improve attitudes and behaviour in the workplace.

This module also introduces apprentices to specific legislation, codes of practice and ways of working that can contribute to safety and smooth running of a job. It also covers the specific health and safety considerations for plasterers and how the risks of the job can be minimised.



1 Understand health and safety regulations affecting plastering work

2 Understand how site procedures contribute to maintain health and safety

3 Understand specific health and safety considerations relating to plastering work


Knowledge Depth

1. Understand health and safety regulations affecting plastering work

1.1 Health and safety legislation

Apprentices must be aware of the different health and safety regulations that apply to

the construction industry. The focus of this topic isn’t about the practical application of

carrying out health and safety but how these regulations affect all aspects of risk

management. Employee and employer responsibilities under regulations and

legislation:

Health and Safety at Work Act

Reporting Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations (RIDDOR)

Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH)

Construction (Design and Management) (CDM) regulations

Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations (PUWER)

Manual Handling Operations Regulations

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) at Work Regulations

Work at Height Regulations

Control of Noise at Work Regulations

Control of Vibration at Work Regulations

Electricity at Work Regulations

Lifting Operations and Lifting Equipment Regulations (LOLER)

1.2 Risk assessments

Risk assessment processes and considerations

Identification of hazards and risks – site signage and warning symbols

Recording and reporting requirements

Legal requirement to carry out suitable and sufficient risk assessments

Responsibilities of the employer, self-employed and employee within the risk assessment process

When expert advice and guidance may be required (e.g. lack of experience or knowledge)

Stages in the risk assessment process

Identification of the hazards

Identification of who might be harmed and how they might be harmed

Evaluation of the risks and decide how the level of risk may be controlled

Recording and implementation of the results, as well as communication to others who may be affected

Reviewing risk assessments and suggesting when risk assessments should be reviewed


2. Understand how site procedures contribute to maintaining health and safety

2.1 Accidents and emergencies

Employee and employer responsibilities under accident and emergency procedures:

Types of emergencies

Recording requirements

Fire regulations

First aid – levels of response and recording

2.2 Site procedures

Principles of site set up to maintain a safe and healthy environment including employee

and employer responsibilities for:

Training – Induction, toolbox talks

Access and site layout

Site access, security and personnel access – signing in and signing out

Waste disposal – recycling, material separation

Safeguarding – people (e.g. members of the public, children), the environment

2.3 General welfare on site

Employee and employer responsibilities in the provision of general welfare

requirements on site including:

Toilets and washing facilities

Rest areas – canteen, drying room

Designated areas – smoking, parking, assembly points, site information, site sign in

3. Understand specific health and safety considerations relating to plastering work

3.1 Manual handling

Manual handling considerations when working on site:

Lifting and transporting techniques

Lifting aids – board trolley, pulleys, forklifts, loading bays, lifts, hoists

3.2 Personal protective equipment

Types and uses of personal protective equipment including employee and employer

responsibilities:

Respirators / Dusk masks

Glasses

Knee pads

Gloves

High visibility clothing

Hard hats

Work boots

3.3 Hazardous working conditions


Considerations when working in potentially hazardous working conditions on site:

Working at height – access equipment, limits of responsibility, checking scaffolding tags, assessing conditions

Slips, trips and falls – following good housekeeping when working, not allowing a build-up of waste, clearing away equipment (trailing leads, pipes etc.)

Awareness of surrounding area – other tradesmen and resources

Noise exposure

Environmental exposure – sun exposure, temperature considerations

3.4 Working with hazardous substances

Responsibilities and considerations when working with hazardous substances on site including:

COSHH requirements

Asbestos awareness – identification, reporting

Safe disposal of waste

Ventilation extraction systems

3.5 Using tools and equipment safety

Considerations for working safely with tools and equipment on site including

Testing - PAT testing requirements

Storage

Maintenance, repair and replacement – limits of responsibility

Working procedures – voltages of electrical equipment


Module 5: Dry lining and direct bond, taping and jointing


The purpose of this module is for apprentices to understand the processes involved for installing dry lining direct bond and taping and jointing board joints. This includes the tools and equipment used as well as the method of installation. Dry lining is a system of covering internal walls with plasterboard avoiding the requirement to apply solid two coat plastering systems.

The apprentice will practice their skills in the workshop preparing backgrounds, setting out and installing and finishing the systems.

Skills requirement


1 Install dry lining direct bond

Knowledge requirement


1 Understand tools and equipment required for dry lining, direct bond and taping and jointing


Skills Depth

1. Install dry lining direct bond

1.1 Preparing backgrounds

Preparing backgrounds prior to installing dry lining following standard working

practice:

Stable and suitable background

Check for highpoints

Control suction

Applying specialist plasters (parge coating party walls)

1.2 Setting out

(Plain walls, window walls, walls with door openings and walls with returns)

Follow standard methods of setting out lining system:

Set levels off datum points, door linings and window openings

Check door and window openings

Account for electrical services and pipework

Strike ceiling and wall lines for direct bond

Square, level and plumb

1.3 Installing and finishing systems


Follow standard procedure and methods for installing and finishing systems:

Applying adhesive to meet manufacturer’s recommendations and building regulations

Installing square edge/tapered edge sheet materials to meet specific finish requirements

Finishing system via:

Mechanical and hand taping, finishing and sealing, applying sealers and primers

Applying plaster setting coats

Knowledge Depth

1. Understand tools and equipment required for installing dry lining, direct bond and taping and jointing

1.1 Tools and equipment

Tools and equipment used to prepare, set out and install dry lining, direct bond, taping

and jointing:

Setting out tools - e.g. laser levels, squares, string lines

Installation tools – e.g. box rule, level, board lifter, hawk, trowel, utility knife, pad saw

Taping and jointing tools – e.g. mechanical and hand

Access equipment – e.g. Low level scaffolding, bandstands


1.2 Fixings, components and materials

Types of fixings/adhesives, components and materials used to prepare, set out and

install dry lining, direct bond:

Materials – adhesives/fixings, sheet material (e.g. acoustic, fire, moisture, thermal and standard plasterboard), mastics/sealants, nailable plugs


Module 6: Solid plastering for internal walls and surfaces


The purpose of this module is for apprentices to understand the knowledge and skills required for applying solid plastering to internal walls and surfaces. Solid plastering involves mixing and applying wet plaster to background surfaces which dries to a smooth hard surface before being painted or covered. This is the main type of plastering and can be found in most buildings and properties. This may also include fixing plasterboard to timber backgrounds such as joists and studs.

This module introduces apprentices to knowledge of tools equipment and materials used as well as specific health and safety considerations. The module covers the skills of applying plaster to solid backgrounds, fixing and finishing plasterboard to timber backgrounds and cutting and fixing angle beads in place.

Skills requirements


1 Apply plaster to solid backgrounds

2 Fix and finish plasterboard to timber backgrounds

3 Cut and fix angle beads

4 Renovate damp affected masonry structures

5 Carry out alterations and minor repair works to masonry structures



1 Understand the uses of solid plastering

2 Understand equipment and processes for mixing and applying solid plaster

3 Understand plastering issues that would require remedial works


Skills Depth

1. Apply plaster to solid backgrounds

1.1 Masonry backgrounds


Applying plaster to masonry backgrounds following standard procedure and with

consideration of:

Controlling suction to the background

Selecting tools and equipment for use

1.2 Mixing plasters

With consideration of:

Compatibility

Mix ratios

Consistency

Reference to manufacturer’s instructions

1.3 Applying floating coats to masonry backgrounds


Following standard methods and process including:

Forming screeds

Floating walls, plumb and flat

Producing uniform key

1.4 Applying setting coats to previously plastered walls and backing coats


Including:

Controlling suction throughout application

Mixing plaster to correct consistency – referring to manufacturer’s instructions

Applying setting coats to a flat smooth finish

2. Fix and finish plasterboard to timber backgrounds

(Studwork and Joists)

2.1 Fixing plasterboard to timber backgrounds/sheet materials

Selecting and using appropriate tools and equipment when fixing plasterboard

Working according to specification (staggered joints, correct fixing centres)

Allowing for the requirements of other services – sockets, pipes etc.

2.2 Applying setting coats to plasterboard

Mixing setting coats according to manufacturer’s instructions


Apply two coats to smooth, flat blemish free finish with clean brushed internal angles

3. Cut and fix angle beads


3.1 Types of beads

Characteristics and uses of different types of beads:

Types of beads– angle beads, stop beads, arch beads, thin coat beads

Materials - Plastic, galvanised, stainless steel

3.2 Cutting and fixing beads

Cutting and fixing angle beads:

Cutting beads to dimension/size as specification

Selecting and using measuring and cutting tools

Fixing beads to different backings:

Masonry

Plasterboard

4. Renovate damp affected masonry structures

4.1 Preparing background

Preparing damp affected backgrounds for the application of new solid plaster following

standard procedures:

Hack away defective/damaged plaster work

Remove and dispose of defective plaster work

Assess and evaluate exposed surface – e.g. condition and appearance of background

4.2 Mixing and applying, making good

Mixing, applying and making good plaster following the removal of damp affected

masonry:

Select backing and finishing plaster

Mix backing and finishing plaster following manufactures specification

Apply and finish solid plaster using tools and equipment

5. Carry out alterations and minor repair works to masonry structures

5.1 Repair work and making good

Carrying out repair work and making good to plaster work following standard solid

plaster application processes:

Electrical chases/boxes

Corroded/damaged beads

New openings – door/windows


Patching holes/defects in plasterboard surfaces

Fixing structural cracks

Knowledge Depth

1. Understand the uses of solid plastering

1.1 Purpose of plastering walls and ceilings

Reasons for plastering internal walls and ceilings including considerations of:

Decorative purposes – to improve aesthetics

To make walls and ceiling level/flat

Insulation purposes – sound, heat, moisture

1.2 Specific health and safety considerations

Specific health and safety considerations when using solid plaster:

Mixing in well ventilated areas

Using correct PPE – dust mask, goggles, gloves, using barrier creams

Access equipment must be safety checked/ tagged

2. Understand equipment and processes for mixing an applying solid plaster

2.1 Types of backgrounds

Features of different types of backgrounds:

Timber

Block

Brick

Concrete

Painted

Plastered

Stone

Composite

2.2 Materials

The characteristics and purposes of materials used when mixing and applying solid plaster:

Lightweight backing plaster

Finishing plaster

Lime

Mortar

Sand

Cement

Sheet material (e.g. acoustic, fire, moisture, thermal and standard plasterboard)


2.3 Tools and equipment

Features and uses of tools and equipment used when mixing and applying solid plaster:

Fixings - screws

Electrical tools – drill, impact driver

Levelling and measuring tools –levels, squares etc.

Plastering tools - trowels, hawks, straight edges etc.

Features and uses of tools and equipment used to prepare, set out and install

plasterboard to timber backgrounds:

Installation tools – e.g. impact driver, tape measure, knife, pad saw, chalk line

Access equipment – e.g. Low level scaffolding

3. Understand plastering issues that would require remedial works

3.1 Signs and causes of damp

Assess and evaluate types, signs and possible causes of damp affected plaster work:

Types

Rising damp

Penetrating damp

Condensation

Signs

Mildew

Mould growth

Salts and efflorescence

Algae growth

Musty smell

Water visible on wall surface

Causes

Lack of air circulation

No damp proof course (DPC)

External ground level breaching floor level

Plaster/render breached damp proof course

Faulty guttering/rainwater system

Defective render/exterior finish

Incorrect plastering materials applied

Single wall construction and blocked cavity wall

Inadequate drainage

3.2 Methods of damp treatment

Compare features of damp treatment systems and when they would be used:

Injection systems

Tanking systems

Damp proof dry rod system


Sheeting/membrane system

3.3 Considerations when applying damp treatments

Considerations when preparing backgrounds for damp proofing

Mechanical and electrical services

Doorframes and skirting

Protecting furniture and unaffected areas

Fixtures and fittings – e.g. fireplaces, kitchen units, bathroom furniture

Drying times of plaster systems as specified in manufacturer’s instructions


Module 7: Running in-situ mouldings and producing and

installing basic fibrous plasterwork


The purpose of this module is for apprentices to understand the knowledge and skills required for applying fibrous plastering to internal walls and surfaces. Fibrous plastering uses plaster with is reinforced with fibre or hair to bind it together. This type of plastering is used for the creation of decorative moulds such as ceiling roses and cornices. This is interesting heritage work and can involve the restoration of damaged features bringing historical interest back to a property.

The module covers the skills of constructing in situ-moulds, constructing reverse moulds, casting cornices and repairing existing cornices. In addition as part of the module apprentices will cover the materials, equipment and fixings required for fibrous plaster application, their characteristics and uses.

Skills requirements


1 Construct, run and finish in-situ cornice moulds

2 Construct reverse moulds and run panel moulds

3 Cast and install cornices, repairing existing cornices


Skills Depth

1. Construct, run and finish in-situ cornice moulds

1.1 Materials for basic fibrous plastering work

The characteristics and purposes of materials used when constructing, running and

finishing in-situ cornice moulds:

Sand (including different grades)

Lime

Reinforcements

1.2 Preparing and setting out backgrounds

(Forming straight lengths to plain walls/ceilings and returns)

Preparing and setting out backgrounds including:

Inspecting for defects

Checking stability and condition of background

Applying screeds to internal backgrounds using traditional plasters and set up running rules

1.3 Constructing running moulds to match existing

(Moulding profile minimum projection 150mm and minimum depth 150mm)

Constructing running moulds from given dimensions following standard process:

Selecting and using tools

Measuring tools – tape measures

Fixing tools – drills, hammers

Cutting tools – jigsaw/band saw, scribe etc.

Selecting and using materials and fixings

Timber

Metal - Zinc/Aluminium

Screws

Nails and pins

Transferring profile to metal template

Cutting and filing to existing mould profiles

Fixing template to timber stock and slipper

1.4 Running and finishing moulds

(Forming straight lengths to plain walls/ceilings and returns)

Following standard process:

Setting out running rules and fixing bracketing

Mixing and coring out

Running finishing coat using lime putty and casting plasters

1.5 Running short breaks and stop ends and make good mitres


Preparing benches

Fixing backboard and running rule

Running short break

Cutting, fixing and making good internal and external mitres

2. Construct reverse moulds and run panel moulds

2.1 Drawing profile from given dimensions

Drawing profile from given dimensions including the selection and use of appropriate

drawing equipment.

2.2 Constructing running moulds

Constructing reverse running moulds from drawn profiles:

Selecting and using tools:

Measuring tools – tape measures

Fixing tools – drills, hammers

Cutting tools – jigsaw/band saw, scribe etc.

Selecting and using materials and fixings:

Timber

Metal – zinc/aluminium

Screws

Nails and pins

Transferring profile to metal template

Cutting and filing to given dimensions

Fixing template to timber stock and slipper

Fix brace making sure that mould is square

Applying timber/plaster muffle to template

2.3 Bench preparation

Preparing benches for running following standard process:

Setting up running rule

Greasing bench

Coring out

Running reverse

2.4 Running a reverse moulds

Following standard process and method including:

Selecting and using materials – grease, hessian, casting plaster, shellac, wax

Mixing to manufacturers specifications

Fixing anchorage nails

Running core and providing adequate key


Removing muffle

‘Running off’ running mould, ensuring free from blemishes

Applying shellac/sealant and release agent to finished mould

3. Cast and install cornices, repairing existing cornices

3.1 Casting cornices

Following standard process and methods:

Selecting and using materials – casting plaster, canvas/hessian, timer laths

Selecting and using equipment – buckets, bowels, splash brush

Preparing the reverse mould

Mixing casting plaster

Applying firstings

Applying seconds

Applying reinforcements/bracketing

Striking off

Remove store and dry cornice

3.2 Installing cornices and forming internal and external mitres

Selecting and using materials and fixings - casting plaster, adhesive, screws/nails

Selecting and using tools – tape measure, square, mitre box, saw, drill, hammer, knife

Preparing background surface (form a key if required)

Marking projection and depth, and striking chalk lines

Measuring, marking and cutting cornice to required projection to form internal and external mitres

Fixing cornice using adhesive and fixings

Stopping in to all mitres, ceiling lines, wall lines and straight joints

3.3 Taking plaster squeezes

Select appropriate section of cornice to take squeeze

Protect surrounding area

Selecting and using materials – casting plaster, hessian/canvas, grease

Selecting and using tools – small tool, joint rules

Applying casting plaster and reinforcements

Applying sufficient bracketing to keep squeeze in shape

Remove squeeze


Module 8: Applying and finishing internal solid plastering


The purpose of this module is for apprentices to demonstrate practically the skills and knowledge they have been taught in the ‘Principles of solid plastering for internal walls and surfaces’ module.

This module will be assessed in a real working environment and apprentices will have to complete different tasks a number of times in order to achieve.

The module will provide the apprentice with the skills to apply two coats of plaster to plasterboard and previously plastered walls, apply backing and finishing plasters as well as applying beading to masonry and plasterboard.

Skill requirements


1 Plan internal plastering works

2 Prepare backgrounds for solid plastering

3 Apply and finish solid plastering systems


Depth

1. Plan internal plastering works

1.1 Identify required tools, equipment and materials for use in accordance with job specification

1.2 Calculate and evaluate quantities of materials required from documents and in line with available stock

1.3 Ensure access equipment conforms to health and safety requirements

1.4 Estimate job duration and timescales of job stages to meet deadlines taking into consideration key factors

1.5 Prepare work area ready for internal plastering works ensuring materials and equipment are sourced and organised logically

1.6 Communicate and confirm planned work schedule with relevant personnel

Range

Documents

Manufacturers’ guidelines

Job specification

Construction drawings

Tender documents

Method statement

Job stages and considerations

Labour resourcing

Protection and preparation

Follow on trades

Costs, appearance

Planning consent and listed status of building

Relevant personnel

Client

Site supervisor

Employer

2. Prepare backgrounds for solid plastering


2.1 Assess and examine background to confirm requirements

2.2 Select tools and equipment required for job in line with specified system including personal protective equipment

2.2 Protect existing internal surfaces from potential damage

2.3 Prepare surfaces ready for the application of plaster

2.4 Work following health and safety legislation and according to risk assessment at all times

2.5 Maintain a clean working environment throughout


2.6 Minimise and dispose of waste and ensure recycling processes are followed

Range

System

Restoration

Modern

Traditional

Preparing surfaces

Methods of forming a bond between applied plaster and background using mechanical

methods

Applying water to control suction

Hacking background by hand/breaker

Scutching/raking/scabbling/grinding background surface

Fixing EML to backgrounds

Fixing riven lathes to backgrounds

Methods of forming a bond between applied plaster and background using bonding

methods

Slurrying

Stippling

Splatterdashing (for restoration)

Stabilising and sealing

Grit adhesive

PVA adhesive

3. Apply and finish solid plastering systems

3.1 Set out prior to application of internal plastering system

3.2 Mix plastering materials to required consistency, whilst minimising waste and in accordance with job specification

3.3 Apply plasters to surfaces following system requirements

3.4 Ensure setting and curing times are followed as per system requirements

3.5 Finish plain plaster surface in line with industry standards and job requirements

3.6 Work following health and safety legislation according to risk assessment at all times

3.7 Maintain a clean working environment throughout task

3.8 Minimise waste and ensure recycling protocols are followed

Range

System

Restoration

Modern

Traditional


Setting out

Restoration - Fixing timber straight edges/rules and fixing staff beads

Modern/traditional - Setting out and fixing beads to openings, returns, piers, columns

Applying

Pricking up/dubbing out

Scratch/floating application

Finish coat application

Plasters

One-coat method

Two-coat method

Three-coat method

Surfaces

Plain walls – flat walls, window walls/walls with openings

Complex walls – curved walls (convex/concave surfaces)

Inclined surfaces – sloping ceilings

Finish

Flat

Smooth and blemish free

Uniform

Consistent


Module 9: Matching and reinstating plain plaster moulding

sections


The purpose of this module is for apprentices to demonstrate practically the skills and knowledge they have been taught in the ‘Running in-situ mouldings and producing and installing basic fibrous plasterwork’ module. This module will be assessed in a real working environment and apprentices will have to complete different tasks a number of times in order to achieve.

The module will provide the apprentice with the opportunity to take squeezes and on plain plaster moulds in order to repair and finish basic fibrous plaster mouldings. Apprentices will construct in-situ running moulds and produce, fix and finish run casts.

Skill requirements


1 Produce squeezes

2 Construct in-situ running moulds and produce run casts

3 Fix and finish run casts


Depth

1. Produce squeezes

1.1 Identify suitable, undamaged section of moulding for plaster squeeze

1.2 Select and apply release agent to even consistency

1.3 Mix plastering materials to required consistency

1.4 Apply plaster and reinforcement to moulding section

1.5 Remove squeeze once set in accordance with setting times

Range

Suitable

Thickness of wall and ceiling line members

Lack of damage to face

Undercut within moulding

Release agent

Tallow

Petroleum jelly

Acrylic waxes

2. Construct in-situ running moulds and produce run casts

2.1 Mark out and transfer squeezes to metal templates

2.2 Cut and file profiles using suitable tools

2.3 Construct running moulds ensuring robustness

2.4 Set up bench surfaces and back boards

2.5 Prepare surface and run finish, coring out where necessary

2.6 Remove casts, storing correctly

Range

Tools

Hand tools

Powered tools

3. Fix and finish run casts

3.1 Check and prepare wall and ceiling areas ready for fixing casts

3.2 Set out projection and depth of plaster mouldings

3.3 Cut internal and external mitres using appropriate tools and equipment

3.4 Fix and finish, making good plaster moulding to specified dimensions




Range


Tools

Fixing tools

Hand tools

Powered tools


Module 10: External solid rendering


The purpose of this module is for apprentices to understand the processes involved for external rendering with solid plaster. This includes types of rendering, materials and the tools, equipment and accessories used throughout the process. This module builds on the knowledge and skills taught in the internal solid plastering module. Working on external surfaces presents additional challenges and issues which this module will enable apprentices to overcome.

This module introduces apprentices to different systems of rendering including modern and traditional practices as well as restoration work and insulation rendering systems. Apprentices will practice their skills in the workshop preparing backgrounds, setting out and applying the different systems.

Skills requirements


1 Prepare for application of external rendering systems

2 Apply external rendering systems



1 Understand external rendering systems


Skills Depth

1. Prepare for application of external rendering systems

1.1 Setting up working area

Setting up work area in preparation for the application of render to external surfaces:

Selecting tools and equipment in line with required system

Preparing materials – mixing to ratio

Preparing equipment – hop up and stand, spot board

Assess working area for safety considerations

1.2 Assessing and examining background surface

Checking and examining background surface prior to applying render systems with

consideration of:

Lineable, evenness/flatness, plumb and true

Suction and condition of surface

Appropriate key for adhesion

1.3 Preparing background surfaces

Prepare background surfaces prior to external rendering in line with chosen system:

Washing down backgrounds

Applying chemical solution where appropriate

Removing excessive mortar ‘snots’

Applying chemical bonding/priming agent (e.g. Rendaid)

Preparing by using mesh

Dubbing out

2. Apply external rendering systems


2.1 Applying restoration to external rendering and mouldings

Applying restoration for external rendering:

Applying pricking up coat and forming sufficient key

Applying scratch coat to even thickness on plain and window walls with adequate key

Forming window reveals, soffits and drips using timber rules

Cleaning down edges and cutting in to form reveals

Applying top coat flat and even, and consolidating with float to a plain finish

Running in-situ moulding work in sand and cement and lime mortars

Constructing running mould including zinc template


Setting out for running

Applying core coat

Applying finishing coat

2.2 Applying modern external rendering


Fixing beads to openings and DPC

Applying base coats to even thickness on plain and window walls

Applying top coat flat and even, and scraping finish using H bar and spike float

Setting out and mark ashlar

2.3 Applying traditional external rendering

Following standard process one, two and three coat work:

Fixing beads to openings and DPC

Applying pricking up coats/dubbing out coats

Applying scratch coat to even thickness and adequate key

Applying top coat to given specification - Rough cast, Pebbledash, plain faced finish,

Tyrolean

Forming render features such as quoins and window bands

2.4 Applying insulated render systems external rendering


Fixing tracking profiles

Fixing insulation

Applying base coat and reinforcement

Applying primer and silicone/acrylic thin coat render

Knowledge Depth

1. Understand external rendering systems

1.1 Types of external rendering

Compare suitable types of external rendering systems and when they would be used:

Restoration – lime rendering, match to existing

Modern – pre-mixed/blended renders (polymer based), pre-mixed coloured renders, acrylic and silicon renders

Traditional – sand and cement

Insulated render systems – external wall installation (EWI)

1.2 Plastering accessories, tools and equipment

Considerations for planning and applying different rendering systems:

Accessories – beads, reinforcements, insulations products, fixing and adhesives, additives, cover strips, profiles, EML, riblath, timber lathes

Mixing and application tools - hand tools, mechanical tools


Equipment – buckets, mixing container, mixer, water butt, hosepipe

Considerations – protection of surfaces, access equipment, storage and mixing, background surface preparation (Wash down, apply chemical wash, remove excessive mortar), remedial works (EWI)

1.3 Types of materials

Considerations for planning and applying different rendering materials:

Restoration – hydraulic lime mortars, non-hydraulic lime mortars, lime putty, sands, aggregates

Modern – polymers, silicones, pre-mixed/pre-blended cement and lime based renders, silicone and acrylic thin coat renders, aggregates

Traditional – sand, cement, lime, aggregates

Insulated render systems – insulation, appropriate render systems

Common defects in external rendering – cracking, crumbling, insufficient curing, crazing, colour loss, ghosting/grinning

1.4 Rendering specifications

Sources of information required for planning and carrying out external rendering:

Architects specification

Manufacturers information

Architectural drawings


Module 11: Floor screed systems


The purpose of this module is for apprentices to understand floor screed systems and the skills and process of their application. This includes the different types of screed system, their application and the tools and equipment required. Floor screeding is the process of mixing water, cement and aggregate, such as sharp sand, and pouring it to create a smooth, hardwearing floor surface. Laid screed can then be left bare or covered with underlay and decorative flooring such as carpet. Screeding can ensure the floor surface is level, sturdy and durable.

This module introduces apprentices to the practical skills involved in preparing and applying common sand and cement screed systems including the application of screeds to a level finish as well as to an even gradient slope.



1 Understand floor screed system materials and processes

2 Prepare for sand and cement screeds

3 Apply sand and cement screed systems


Depth

1 Read and follow a working drawing

1.1 Use working drawings to establish wall positions

Interpret working drawings to position profiles, corner pegs, and frontage/building

lines:

Location

Site plans

Elevation plans

Orientation

1.2 Use measurements to establish walling positions

Using a tape measure calculate and record all measurements to position both the

building and frontage lines.

Measurements:

Millimetres

Meters

2 Set out a building to square

2.1 Form right angles using profiles and ranging lines

Use a range of methods to square a building

Builder square

3,4,5 method

Optical site square

Measure diagonals

2.2 Transfer building line positions to the ground/concrete

2.3 Check and correct calculations to horizontal/diagonal measurements


Module 12: Applying and finishing external rendering


The purpose of this module is for apprentices to demonstrate practically the skills and knowledge they have been taught in the ‘External solid rendering’ module. This module will be assessed in a real working environment and apprentices will have to complete different tasks a number of times in order to achieve.

The module will provide the apprentice with the opportunity to gain competence in the skills of planning external rendering work, preparing backgrounds for the application of render as well as the actual application and finishing of the render in line with the chosen application system.

Skill requirements


1 Plan external rendering jobs

2 Prepare backgrounds for rendering systems

3 Apply and finish external rendering systems


Depth

1. Plan external rendering jobs





1.5 Prepare work area ready for external rendering ensuring materials and equipment are sourced and organised logically


Range

Documents

Manufacturers guidelines

Job specification

Elevation plans

Tender documents

Method statement

Job stages and considerations

Labour resourcing


Follow on trades

Weather considerations

Costs

Appearance

Conservation area restrictions

Relevant personnel

Client

Site supervisor

Employer

2. Prepare backgrounds for rendering systems

2.1 Assess and examine background to confirm requirements

2.2 Select tools and equipment required for job in line with specified system including personal protective equipment

2.2 Protect existing external surfaces from potential damage

2.3 Prepare surfaces ready for render application method





Range

System

Restoration

Modern

Traditional

Insulated render systems

Application method

Preparing surfaces for forming a bond between applied render and background using mechanical methods

Applying water to control suction

Hacking background by hand/breaker

Scutching/raking/scabbling/grinding background surface

Fixing EML to backgrounds

Fixing riven lathes to backgrounds

Preparing surfaces for forming a bond between applied render and background using bonding methods

Slurrying

Stippling

Spatter dashing (for restoration)

Stabilising and sealing

3. Apply and finish external rendering systems


3.1 Set out prior to application of external render system

3.2 Mix rendering materials to required consistency, whilst minimising waste and in accordance with job specification

3.3 Apply one, two and three coat rendering materials following system requirements

3.4 Ensure setting and curing times are followed as per system requirements

3.5 Finish render surface appearance in line with industry standards and job requirements




Range

System

Restoration

Modern

Traditional


Insulated render systems

Setting out

Restoration - Fixing timber straight edges/battens

Modern/traditional - Setting out and fixing beads

Insulated render systems - Fixing track and profiles, insulation and beads

Applying

Pricking out/dubbing out

Scratch application

Final application

Finishing

Plain

Textured

Quality of finish

Plain - flat, smooth and blemish free, uniform, consistent

Textured – even, consistent, no scarring, no bald patches, sags, minimal defects


Module 13: Installing dry lining systems


The purpose of this module is for apprentices to demonstrate practically the skills and knowledge they have been taught in the ‘Dry lining, metal furring (MF) ceilings and metal stud partitioning’ module. This module will be assessed in a real working environment and apprentices will have to complete different tasks a number of times in order to achieve.

The module will provide the apprentice with the skills to install MF systems to ceilings, direct bond to masonry backgrounds and fix and finish plasterboard to timber stud partitions.

Skill requirements


1 Fix and finish plasterboard to timber stud partitions

2 Direct bond to masonry backgrounds


Depth

1. Fix and finish plasterboard to timber stud partitions


1.1 Identify and prepare working areas prior to dry lining

1.2 Calculate qualities of materials required from documents

1.3 Identify fixings, components and materials for fixing and finishing in accordance with specifications

1.4 Mechanically install plasterboards to timber partitions

1.5 Apply fixings centres according to specification

1.6 Install square edge/tapered edge sheet materials to meet specific finish requirements

1.7 Check work is finished according to specification




Range

Documents

Specification

Work plan

Manufacturers’ instructions

2. Direct bond to masonry backgrounds


2.1 Calculate qualities of materials from documents

2.2 Identify materials for installing direct bond to masonry backgrounds in accordance with specifications

2.3 Prepare background surfaces

2.4 Ensure background is stable and suitable in line with job requirements

2.5 Check for highpoints

2.6 Control suction

2.7 Set out with consideration for electrical services and pipework

2.8 Square, level and plumb

2.9 Check work is finished according to specification





Range

Documents

Specification

Work plan

Manufacturer’s instructions


Module 14: Fibrous plastering in the workshop


The purpose of this module is for apprentices to understand the skills and processes involved when working with fibrous plaster in the workshop in preparation for the installation of cast pieces on site. This includes the construction of different types of moulds, models and casts. Fibrous plastering is used to create intricate and decorative plaster work on a bench in the workshop. Once cast pieces are created they will be fixed to walls and ceiling on site.

This module introduces apprentices to the requirements for working with fibrous plaster in the workshop including how tools and equipment are used for different processes. Apprentices will practice skills in constructing different types of moulds from different shapes, using different types of fibrous plaster.

Skills requirements


1 Construct running moulds

2 Produce fibrous plaster models and casts



1 Understand requirements for fibrous plastering in the workshop

2 Understand methods of constructing running moulds


Skills Depth

1. Construct running moulds

1.1 Constructing running moulds for straight work

Drawing outline of moulding from 1:1 scale drawing

Cutting and filing zinc template to drawing

Constructing running moulds using components – brace, stock, slipper including muffle

1.2 Constructing running moulds for curved work

Methods – gig stick, peg mould and rail, trammel and trammel board

Drawing outlines of mouldings from 1:1 scale drawing

Cutting and filing zinc templates to drawings

Calculating and setting out dimensions to form radius from measurements

Producing gig sticks to given radius and attaching to running moulds

Constructing running moulds using different components – brace, stock, slipper including muffle

1.3 Constructing running moulds for diminished work

Methods – hinged stop and hinged slippers, twisted moulds, to entasised rules

Drawing outlines of mouldings from 1:1 scale drawing

Cutting and filing zinc templates to drawings

Constructing running moulds

1.4 Methods of producing fibrous plaster mouldings

Methods - running, spinning, turning, pouring, casting

Planning

Preparing

Mixing

Producing

Finishing

Storing

2. Produce fibrous plaster models and casts

2.1 Reproducing plaster models

Materials used for producing plaster models

Casting plaster

Vermiculite

Hessian

Retarders

Sealants


Coring materials

Following established process for reproducing plaster models:

Constructing running moulds to include moulding grounds

Casting enrichments from rubber mould

Balancing enrichments from centre lines to ensure enrichment pick-ups

Preparing the model for production of reverse mould

2.2 Materials for reverse moulds

Materials for producing reverse moulds including:

Fiberglass

Rubber – hot melt, silicone

Plaster

Release agents

Sealers

Hardeners

2.3 Types of reverse moulds

Types of reverse moulds and their uses:

Case moulds

Insertion moulds

Flood moulds

Loose piece moulds

2.4 Types of pre-cast architectural mouldings

Types of pre-cast architectural mouldings features:

Enriched cornices

Arches

Columns

Pilasters

Corbels

Ceiling centre

Beam case

Barrel ceilings

Vaulted ceiling

2.5 Considerations for casting architectural mouldings

Benefits and limitations of types of materials and their uses with regard to internal and

external fitting of architectural cast feature:

Internal – Grades of casting plaster, reinforcements, Glass reinforced gypsum GRG, Glass reinforced concrete GRC, Glass reinforced polyester (GRP), Jesmonite, lime mortar, sand, cement


External - reinforcements, Glass reinforced gypsum GRG, Glass reinforced concrete GRC, Glass reinforced polyester (GRP), Jesmonite

Knowledge Depth

1. Understand requirements for fibrous plastering in the workshop

1.1 Workshop equipment for fibrous plastering

Identify and compare types of workshop equipment and their uses:

Lath tank

Slosh tank / sump tank

Clean water tank

Plaster benches

Hot melt compound machine

Plaster boxes

Box rules

Extractors

Canvas bin

1.2 Workshop tools for fibrous plastering

Identify and compare benefits and uses of workshop tools:

Hand tools – snips, files, joint rules, busks, small tools, scribes, callipers, measuring equipment

Powered tools – jigsaw, chop saw, band saw, cordless drill

1.3 Workshop materials for fibrous plastering

Identify and compare benefits and uses of workshop materials:

Casting plasters

Reinforcements – hessian, fibres, continuous filament mat, EML

Rubbers – silicone, hot melts

Sealers – shellac

Additives – retarders, accelerators

Release agents – Tallow, petroleum jelly, acrylic waxes

Laths - 3mm, 5mm

Fixings – screws, nails

Chemicals – methylated spirits, acetones, gel coats, resins

2. Understand methods of constructing running moulds

2.1 Straight moulds

The importance of constructing running moulds that are robust and fit for purpose

depending on the size of the run work including:


Single slipper

Double slipper

Double stock

Braced stock

Braced slipper

2.2 Curved and elliptical moulds

Ways running moulds are constructed and run/spun to provide practical solutions when

producing curved mould work on both curved and flat backgrounds.

Types of gig stick - hinged, pivot blocks, peg mould, peg mould and rail, half-

slippered, major and minor axis, construction of trammel board.

2.3 Diminished moulds

Ways running moulds are constructed and run off, when producing diminished

architectural mould work:

Eccentric rule

Triple hinged

Double hinged

Twisted


Module 15: Fibrous plastering on site


The purpose of this module is for apprentices to understand the skills and processes involved when working with fibrous plaster on site, rather than in the workshop. This includes the fixing and finishing, on site, of complex fibrous mouldings which have been cast off site in the fibrous plastering workshop. This type of work covers detailed and complex architectural mouldings and enrichments such as enriched cornices, arches, columns and ceiling centres.

This module introduces apprentices to the skills of making restorations to existing on site mouldings by taking squeezes using different types of materials such as silicone and clay. This work ensures cast mouldings match original pieces and can be used for exact repair work.

Skills requirements


1 Fix and finish pre-cast architectural mouldings

2 Replicate existing mouldings using squeezes



1 Understand requirements for fixing pre-cast architectural mouldings to internal and external surfaces


Skills Depth

1. Fix and finish pre-cast architectural mouldings

1.1 Setting out for fixing architectural mouldings

Preparing background – internal, external

Location of fixing points

Setting out from given datum points

Marking out background prior to fixing

Cutting pre-cast architectural mouldings to size including mitres and enrichment balancing

Measuring for setting out and fixing in line with architectural drawings

1.2 Fixing pre-cast architectural mouldings

Selecting appropriate method of fixing to suit background

Fix and check position mould for accuracy:

Lining of joints and members

Positioning enrichments

Levelling and plumbing

Ensuring cleanliness of moulding face and surroundings

1.3 Finishing pre-cast architectural mouldings

Following fixing:

Controlling suction

Mixing materials

Reinforcing joints

Stopping in - to match existing, to mitres and joints

2. Replicate existing mouldings using squeezes

2.1 Types of mouldings

Plain moulding sections

Ornate to include identifying pattern repeats

2.2 Methods and materials used for squeezes

Methods and materials for taking squeezes:

Plaster squeeze

Silicon squeeze

Clay / plasticine

Cut and draw

Section removal

Materials tools and equipment used when taking squeezes:


Materials: silicone, catalyst, thixotropic, casting plaster, hessian, release agents, timber batten, zinc

Tools: small tool, gauging trowel, paint brush, hand saw

Equipment: scales, mixing vessels, mixing sticks

2.3 Taking squeezes

Taking plaster squeezes following standard processes:

Select appropriate moulding section to take squeeze

Protect surrounding area

Select and use materials

Select and use tools

Take squeeze on moulding section

Remove squeeze

Knowledge Depth

1. Understand requirements for fixing pre-cast architectural mouldings to internal and external surfaces

1.1 Types of pre-cast architectural mouldings

Cornices

Columns

Arches

Ceiling roses

Pediments

Panel moulding

Corbels

Lunette ceilings

Barrel ceilings

Enrichments

Niches

Coffered ceilings

Lighting troughs

Dome ceiling

Keystone

Pilaster

Baluster

1.2 Considerations for fixing pre-cast architectural mouldings

Adequate access equipment


Type of buildings - traditional/modern

Location of fixing points

Position and location of mechanical and electrical services

1.3 Materials for fixing pre-cast architectural mouldings

Identify and evaluate the properties of materials used for fixing and finishing pre-cast

architectural mouldings and when and where they would be applied, with consideration

of background surface:

Adhesives – external and internal

Screws

Dowels

Wire

Canvas

Plaster

Resins

Additives

Reinforcements

1.4 Methods of fixing pre-cast architectural mouldings

Identify and evaluate the methods, tools and equipment used for fixing pre-cast

architectural mouldings and when and where they would be used, depending on

location and type of cast:

Wire and wad

Bonding with adhesive – ‘bedding up’

Mechanical fixing

Chemical fixing

Traditional dowel fixing


Module 16: Producing plaster mouldings


The purpose of this module is for apprentices to demonstrate practically the skills and knowledge they have been taught in the ‘Fibrous plastering in the workshop’ module. This module will be assessed in a real working environment and apprentices will have to complete different tasks a number of times in order to achieve.

The module will provide the apprentice with the opportunity to create models and enrichments based on design requirements, produce reverse moulds from those models and then cast plaster mouldings from the reverse moulds.

Skills requirements


1 Make master models and enrichments from given designs

2 Produce reverse moulds from models

3 Cast from reverse models


Skills Depth

1. Make master models and enrichments from given designs



1.3 Prepare work area ready for producing a master model ensuring materials and equipment are sourced and organised logically

1.4 Cut and file zinc profiles interpreting provided design

1.5 Assemble and fix components to construct running moulds

1.6 Produce flood moulds of enrichments

1.7 Use techniques to apply fibrous plaster to produce positive models for casting

Range

Tools

Fixing tools

Hand tools

Powered tools

2. Produce reverse moulds from models



2.3 Prepare model surface ready for producing reverse mould

2.4 Prepare materials required for producing the reverse mould

2.5 Use appropriate method to produce reverse mould from prepared models

2.6 Release and remove reverse mould from model with consideration of material curing/drying times

Range

Prepare model surface

Applying sealers

Applying release agents

Prepare materials

Hot melt compound

Silicone

Plaster

Fiberglass

Fencing material

Method

Casting with plaster

Laminating with fiberglass


Pouring with rubber

3. Cast from reverse moulds

3.1 Select methods to meet needs of job requirements

3.2 Select suitable materials for producing casts from reverse moulds

3.3 Prepare reverse moulds ready for casting

3.4 Use appropriate techniques to produce casts

3.5 Mix plaster to correct consistency

3.6 Apply plaster to correct thickness

3.7 Apply reinforcements with consideration of appropriate positioning

3.8 Strike off/rule off to desired shape




Range

Materials

Internal – Grades of casting plaster, reinforcements, Glass reinforced gypsum GRG, Glass reinforced concrete GRC, Glass reinforced polyester (GRP), Jesmonite, lime mortar, sand, cement

External - reinforcements, Glass reinforced gypsum GRG, Glass reinforced concrete GRC, Glass reinforced polyester (GRP), Jesmonite

Prepare reverse moulds

Applying sealers

Applying release agents

Reinforcements

Fiberglass strands

Hessian

EML

Riblath

Timber laths

Reinforcement bar

Stainless steel dowels

Continuous filament matt


Module 17: Fixing pre-cast architectural mouldings


The purpose of this module is for apprentices to demonstrate practically the skills and knowledge they have been taught in the ‘Fibrous plastering on site’ module. This module will be assessed in a real working environment and apprentices will have to complete different tasks a number of times in order to achieve.

The module will provide the apprentice with the opportunity to fix pre-cast architectural mouldings to internal and external building surfaces on site. Apprentices will have to plan for the fixing of the moulds in advance, taking into consideration factors that will affect their work.

Skills requirements


1 Construct running moulds

2 Produce fibrous plaster models and casts


Skills Depth

1. Plan for fixing pre-cast architectural mouldings

1.1 Interpret requirements from job specifications and documents




1.5 Prepare work area ready for fixing mouldings ensuring materials and equipment are sourced and stored correctly


Range

Documents

Manufacturers’ information

Job specification

Elevation plans

Method statement

Reflected ceiling plans

Detail drawings

Key plans

Section drawings

Tools

Fixing tools

Hand tools

Powered tools

Job stages and key factors

Labour resourcing


Follow on trades

Weather considerations Costs

Appearance

Conservation area restrictions

Relevant personnel

Client

Site supervisor

Employer


2. Fix pre-cast architectural mouldings

2.1 Check and prepare internal or external backgrounds

2.2 Locate fixing points on background surfaces

2.3 Set out mouldings using datum points interpreted from specifications

2.4 Mark out fixing positions of mouldings on background surfaces

2.5 Select appropriate methods and materials for fixing mouldings

2.6 Cut pre-cast architectural mouldings to given dimensions, including mitres and enrichment balancing

2.7 Fix pre-cast architectural mouldings to set dimensions and given tolerances ensuring excess adhesive is removed

2.8 Finish pre-cast architectural mouldings by making good surfaces




Range

Backgrounds

Suitability

Controlling suction

Forming key

Stabilising

Fixing and adhesives

Methods

Wire and wad

Bonding with adhesive – ‘bedding up’

Mechanical fixing

Chemical fixing

Traditional dowel fixing

Materials

Adhesives – external and internal

Screws

Dowels

Wire

Canvas

Plaster

Resins

Additives

Reinforcements


Finish

Controlling suction

Mixing materials

Reinforcing joints

Stopping in - to match existing, to mitres and joints


Appendix 1 Sources of general information

The following documents contain essential information for centres delivering City & Guilds qualifications. They should be referred to in conjunction with this handbook. To download the documents and to find other useful documents, go to the Centres and Training Providers homepage on www.cityandguilds.com.

Centre Manual - Supporting Customer Excellence contains detailed information about the processes which must be followed and requirements which must be met for a centre to achieve ‘approved centre’ status, or to offer a particular qualification, as well as updates and good practice exemplars for City & Guilds assessment and policy issues.

Specifically, the document includes sections on:

The centre and qualification approval process

Assessment, internal quality assurance and examination roles at the centre

Registration and certification of candidates

Non-compliance

Complaints and appeals

Equal opportunities

Data protection

Management systems

Maintaining records

Assessment

Internal quality assurance

External quality assurance.

Our Quality Assurance Requirements encompasses all of the relevant requirements of key regulatory documents such as:

SQA Awarding Body Criteria (2007)

NVQ Code of Practice (2006)

and sets out the criteria that centres should adhere to pre and post centre and qualification approval.

Access to Assessment & Qualifications provides full details of the arrangements that may be made to facilitate access to assessments and qualifications for candidates who are eligible for adjustments in assessment.

The centre homepage section of the City & Guilds website also contains useful information on such things as:

Walled Garden: how to register and certificate candidates on line

Events: dates and information on the latest Centre events

Online assessment: how to register for e-assessments.

Centre Guide – Delivering International Qualifications contains detailed information about the processes which must be followed and requirements which must be met for a centre to achieve ‘approved centre’ status, or to offer a particular qualification.

Specifically, the document includes sections on:

The centre and qualification approval process and forms

Assessment, verification and examination roles at the centre

Registration and certification of candidates

http://www.cityandguilds.com/


Non-compliance

Complaints and appeals

Equal opportunities

Data protection

Frequently asked questions.


Appendix 2 Useful contacts

UK apprentices General qualification information

E: [email protected]

International apprentices General qualification information


Centres Exam entries, Certificates, Registrations/enrolment, Invoices, Missing or late exam materials, Nominal roll reports, Results


Single subject qualifications Exam entries, Results, Certification, Missing or late exam materials, Incorrect exam papers, Forms request (BB, results entry), Exam date and time change


International awards Results, Entries, Enrolments, Invoices, Missing or late exam materials, Nominal roll reports


Walled Garden Re-issue of password or username, Technical problems, Entries, Results, e-assessment, Navigation, User/menu option, Problems


Employer Employer solutions, Mapping, Accreditation, Development Skills, Consultancy


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About City & Guilds

As the UK’s leading vocational education organisation, City & Guilds is leading the talent revolution by inspiring people to unlock their potential and develop their skills. We offer over 500 qualifications across 28 industries through 8500 centres worldwide and award around two million certificates every year. City & Guilds is recognised and respected by employers across the world as a sign of quality and exceptional training.

City & Guilds Group

The City & Guilds Group is a leader in global skills development. Our purpose is to help people and organisations to develop their skills for personal and economic growth. Made up of City & Guilds, City & Guilds Kineo, The Oxford Group and ILM, we work with education providers, businesses and governments in over 100 countries.

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The content of this document is, unless otherwise indicated, © The City & Guilds of London Institute and may not be copied, reproduced or distributed without prior written consent. However, approved City & Guilds centres and candidates studying for City & Guilds qualifications may photocopy this document free of charge and/or include a PDF version of it on centre intranets on the following conditions:

centre staff may copy the material only for the purpose of teaching candidates working towards a City & Guilds qualification, or for internal administration purposes

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The Standard Copying Conditions (see the City & Guilds website) also apply.

Please note: National Occupational Standards are not © The City & Guilds of London Institute. Please check the conditions upon which they may be copied with the relevant Sector Skills Council.

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