play and play materials...ppt
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Pediatrci NursingTRANSCRIPT
Play and play
Materials
1 R Dhaker, Lecturer,
PCNMS
“We are never more fully alive, more
completely ourselves, or more
deeply engrossed in anything than
when we are playing” – Charles
Schaefer
Introduction
Play is universal for all children.
It is work for the and ways of their living.
It pleasurable and enjoyable aspect of child’s life
and essential to promote growth and
development.
Play is the activity that has no serious motive
and from which there is no material gain.
3 R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS
Importance of play
Physical development
Intellectual and educational development
Emotional development
Moral development
4 R Dhaker, Lecturer,
PCNMS
Physical development
Physical development enhance during play.
Muscular and sensory abilities development
at the time of running, climbing, riding cycle
and in other active play.
These activities help to strengthen muscle
and to learn coordinated movements and
skills. 5 R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS
The young children learn to differentiate to
sensations by visual, auditory and tactile
stimulations through the use of play materials.
6 R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS
Intellectual and educational
development
Intellectual and educational development
promote during play.
Children learn color, size, shape, number,
distance, height, speed, name of the objects etc.
while playing with various toys and play things.
7 R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS
Cont…Intellectual and educational development
Creative activity, problem solving, abstract thinking,
imagination, communication and speech development occur
during play.
Children improve attention span and concentration by
playing. They can make difference of reality and fantasy
through play.
It helps them to experience thrill of achievement.
8 R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS
Emotional development
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PCNMS
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play improve emotional development.
Children express their fear, anxiety, anger,
joy, etc during play.
It reduces stress and stain and removes
irritability and destructives, thus enhances the
coping abilities.
It helps to communicate with others and
outside world. It helps to communicate with
others and outside world.
Cont…Emotional development
R Dhaker, Lecturer,
PCNMS
1
0
Play acts outlets of negative feeling and
considered as safety valve to release emotional
tension and reduce emotional trauma.
Play help in socialization.
Children become a social being through play.
They learn interaction with playmates by
sharing, understanding others and
communicating.
Moral development
R Dhaker, Lecturer,
PCNMS
11
Plays is the means of moral development.
Children learn morality from parents, teachers and
other adults.
During play with peers, child’s behavior will reflect
the right and wrong things, honesty, sportsmanship,
and value system.
They learn norms of moral behavior and
responsibility.
They become creative and independent through play.
Type of Play
R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS12
R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS13
Play is nature and spontaneous.
It depends upon age, sex, interest, personality,
ability, cultural, patterns and social economic status
of the child’s family.
Play, playtime and playmates decrease as the age
increase. Play is a social behavior which differs in
various age group and depends upon the level of
development.
It is an individualized behavior.
Infants
R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS14
In Social affective play infants response by
smiling, cooing to the interfacing adult.
In sense pleasure play, they learn and explore
environment through various sensory experience.
They develop skill through imitation. Young
children also engage in sense pleasure play and
skill play.
Preschool Children
R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS15
Preschool Children enjoy dramatic play through
which they identify themselves with adult and
dramatize adult’s behavior.
Structured formal play begins to be played during
late preschool years.
School children
R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS16
School children enjoy comparative sports, games
and they develop hobbies for recreation and
diversion.
School age children imitate and dramatize more
complex activates even acting out stories in
books.
Adolescents and older school
R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS17
Adolescents and older school age children engage
in a more sophisticated type of fantasy activity
called daydreaming.
They spent their leisure time in competitive
sports, operating computers, watching
television, listening to the radio, hobbies,
reading etc.
According to Parent and Newhall (1943)
R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS18
In unoccupied play
Onlooker play
Solitary independent
play
•Parallel play
•In associative play
•Co-operative play
Selection and care of play materials
R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS19
Selection of play materials and toys depends upon
age, abilities, interest, like and dislike, cultural,
experience, personality and level of intelligence
of the child.
The play materials should have the following
characteristics-
R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS20
Safe, washable, light weight, simple,
durable, easy to handle and non-
breakable.
Realistic, attractive, constructive and offer
problem- solving opportunities.
No sharp edges and no small removable
parts which may be swallowed or inhaled.
Cont…The play materials should have the following characteristics-
R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS21
Not over stimulating and frustrating
No toxic paints, not costly, not inflammable
and not excessive noisy.
Play things with electrical plugs should be
avoided, only children over 8 years of age
should be permitted to use them.
Children must be taught the following-
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PCNMS
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Correct use of toys. Parents should explain
the directions for use and the causation
labels.
Safe storing of toys in a space with easy
reach and away from busy areas.
Keeping the playthings in good conditions.
Parents should repair or discard damaged
and broken toys.
Cont…The play materials should have the following characteristics-
R Dhaker, Lecturer, PCNMS23
Keeping the play materials of older brothers and
sisters away from younger children. The wrong toys
for the wrong ages can be injurious to children.
Electronic toys and games can also be shared by the
adults in the children’s play time. Parents may interact
and initiate the use with precautions.
Suitable Play Material
According to age-
Questions?