pmjwbi bwsw qknwloji : dsw aqy ids · 2020-03-02 · smvwd-11 29 pmjwbi bwsw qknwloji : dsw aqy...

sMvwd-11 29

pMjwbI BwSw qknwlojI : dSw Aqy idSw

kMipaUtr hux q`k dIAW kwFW iv`coN ie`k bhuq hImh`qvpUrn kwF hY [ iesny swfy socx dy qrIky nUµ bdl id`qwhY, ijs nwl dunIAw iv`c v`fy p`Dr au~qy qbdIlI AweI hY [A`j kMipaUtr qoN ibnW izMdgI dI klpnw krnw vI AsMBv hY [BwSw smyq izMdgI dy hr Kyqr iv`c kMipaUtr dwKl ho cuìkAwhY [ ies kMipaUtr Xu`g iv`c BwSw nUµ AwpxI hoNd nUµ bcwauxleI ies Xu`g dy hwx dw hoxw pvygw [ ipCly smyN iv`c BwSweIivkws dI idSw BwSw-isìKAw, Anuvwd, buinAwdI smgrI dwinrmwx Aqy swihq au~pr kyNidRq sI [ pRMqU ies qknIkI Xu`giv`c BwSw-ivkws dw mu`K AwDwr BwSw qknwlojI hY [ AjokyqknIkI Xu`g iv`c isr& auhI BwSwvW AwpxI hoNd bcw ky r`KskdIAW hn ijhVIAW qknIkI qOr 'qy ivkisq hn [ BwSwqknwlojI, sw&tvyAr pRogrwmW Aqy BwSw ivigAwink sroqWdy sumyl nwl iqAwr Aijhy pRogrwmW dy inrmwx dI qknIk hYijhVy pMjwbI, AMgryzI vrgIAW mwnvI BwSwvW dw qknIkIp`Dr au~pr sMcwln krn leI vrqy jWdy hn [ jy AsIN AwpxyAwLy-duAwLy JwqI mwrIey qW swfI rozmrHw dI izMdgI iv`cBwSw qknwlojI dI bVI v`fI p`Dr au~qy vrqoN imldI hY [ iehcwhy kwrW ivcly nyvIgySn isstm iv`c bolcwlI inrdySW dyrUp iv`c hovy, cwhy gUgl vrgy Koj-ieMjnW iv`c gUglAisstYNt dI shwieqw nwl sUcnw pRwpq krn dy rUp iv`c hovy,XU-itaUb au~qy AwpxI mnpsMd vIfIE l`Bx nwl sMbMiDq hovy,smwrt PonW 'qy tweIipMg hovy, vrf pRosY~sr au~pr Sbd-joVAqy ivAwkrn inrIKx nwl sMbMiDq hovy, QIiss ivc dUsirAWdy corI kIqy hoey ivcwrW nUµ l`Bx nwl sMbMiDq hovy, vY~b-pyjW dyAnuvwd dy rUp iv`c hovy jW iPr smwrt GrW ivcly smwrtaupkrnW iv`c AYmwzon dI AlYksw dy rUp iv`c vwrqwlwpkrn dy rUp iv`c hovy jW tol tYks bYrIAr 'qy lwiesYNs plytrIfr hovy, swfI izMdgI dy hr Kyqr iv`c BwSw qknwlojI dIvrqoN ho rhI hY [ BwSw qknwlojI nw isr& mnu`KW Aqy kMipaUtrWivcwly sMcwr dUrI nUµ ^qm kr rhI hY blik BwSw Aqy ilpIdIAW dIvwrW nUµ imtw ky mnu`KW iv`c sMcwr dw pswrw v`fy p`Drau~qy kr rhI hY [

audwhrn dy qOr 'qy hux hr koeI AwnlweIn Anuvwdsw&tvyAr dI vrqoN krky iksy vI Awm pRcìlq BwSw iv`coN

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29 sµvwd-11 ISSN : 2395-1273 (f>! 29-43) uVrig-uPV 2020www.sanvad.org

sMvwd-1130 uVrig-uPV 2020ISSN : 2395-1273www.sanvad.org

pMjwbI iv`c Anuvwd kr skdw hY [ gUgl Anuvwd1ý vrgy sw&tvyAr dI vrqoNkrky hux koeI vI AwswnI nwl jpwnI, PrYNc Aqy aurdU dy A^bwrW dy vY~b-pMinAWdw pMjwbI iv`c Anuvwd krky pVH skdw hY [ ilpIAMqrn sw&tvyArW dy ivkws nwlie`k qoN vDyry ilpIAW iv`c ilKIAW jwx vwLIAW pMjwbI2ý, isMDI, srbIAn3ý,auzbykI vrgIAW BwSwvW leI hux ilpIAW dI dIvwr ^qm ho geI hY [

pMjwbI BwSw sMswr dI bwrHvIN sB qoN v`D bolI jwx vwlI BwSw hY [ v`K-v`KAnumwnW Anuswr ies dy bulwirAW dI sMiKAw 12 qoN 15 kroV dy ivckwr AWkI geIhY [ pMjwbI dI ivl`Kx ivSySqw ieh hY ik ieh do v`K-v`K ilpIAW iv`c ilKI jWdIhY [ Bwrq iv`c ies nUµ gurmuKI ilpI iv`c ilKdy hn Aqy pwiksqwn iv`c ies nUµSwhmuKI (aurdU) ilpI iv`c iliKAw jWdw hY [ ieauN ie`k hI BwSw bolx vwilAW leIilpI ie`k dIvwr bx geI ijs kwrn ie`k hI BwSw bolx vwilAW dy do dwiery bxgey hn [ Bwrq ivcly pMjwbI BwSw bolx vwly SwhmuKI ilpI nhIN pVH skdy Aqypwiksqwn ivcly pMjwbI bolx vwly gurmuKI ilpI nhIN pVH skdy[ ieh hwsohIxwl`gdw hY ik pMjwbI bolx vwly 75% lok pwiksqwn iv`c rihMdy hn pr BwrqIpMjwb dy ault pwiksqwnI pMjwb iv`c pMjwbI BwSw nUµ srkwrI srpRsqI hwsl nhINho skI, ijs kwrn srkwrI p`Dr au~pr pMjwbI BwSw dI sMBwl qy ivkws leI koeIauprwlw nhIN kIqw jw irhw [ srkwrI smrQn Aqy &MfW dI AxhoNd kwrn SwhmuKIilpI qknIkI qOr 'qy ivkisq nhIN ho skI [ ieauN SwhmuKI ilpI iv`c gurmuKI ilpIijMnw qknIkI ivkws nhIN hoieAw, blik kMipaUtr 'qy pRXog krn leI SwhmuKI iv`cnw vrf pRosY~sr, nw hI mu`Fly BwSw ivigAwnk sroq ijvyN ik ifjItl ifkSnrIAWvZYrw auplbD hn [ ies leI AsIN pMjwbI BwSw dy qknIkI ivkws dI g`l gurmuKIilpI dy sMdrB iv`c hI krdy hW [

qknIkI ivkws dI auprokq pirBUimkw iv`c hux AsIN pMjwbI BwSw dyqknIkI ivkws dI siQqI nUµ dyKdy hW [ sB qoN pihlW AsIN BwSw leI mu`Fly qknIkIsw&tvyArW ijvyN ik PONtW, tweIipMg sw&tvyArW, Sbd-joV inrIKk, ivAwkrninrIKk Aqy vrf pRosY~sr Awid sw&tvyArW qoN SurU krdy hW [ kMipaUtr 'qy iksy vIBwSw nUµ tweIp krn Aqy pVHn leI sB qoN pihlW PONt dI zrUrq huMdI hY [ pMjwbI BwSwleI PONt ivkisq krn iv`c fw. kulbIr isMG iQMd dI bhuq v`fI dyx hY, ijnHW ny1984 iv`c mYikntOS kMipaUtr leI sB qoN pihlw pMjwbI PONt iqAwr kIqw [4 aunHW nyAY~m.AY~s. ivMfoz-3 leI vI pMjwbI PONt ivkisq kIqy [ aunHW ny 1995 iv`c gurbwxIsI.fI. dw pihlw sMskrn irlIz kIqw ijs iv`c aunHW ny kMipaUtr au~qy pMjwbIvrqx vwilAW leI pMjwbI PONt muhèIAw krvwey jo lokW iv`c bhuq hI hrmn ipAwryhoey [ aunHW dI lokipRAqw dw AMdwzw ies g`l qoN lgwieAw jw skdw hY ik AnmolilpI Aqy AMimRq ilpI vrgy ijhVy PONt gurbwxI sI.fI. nwl A`j qoN p`cI vrHy pihlWvMfy gey sn auh A`j vI pUrI dunIAw iv`c lokW v`loN vrqy jw rhy hn [ BwvyN ik ienHWASCII AwDwirq pMjwbI PONtW ny prspr ivroDI kIborf lyAwaUtW au~qy AwDwirq hoxkwrn bhuq swrIAW nvIAW smìsAwvW nUµ jnm id`qw Aqy ienHW smìsAwvW nwlnij`Tx leI PONt knvrtr5ýdI loV peI [ swfy lok hwly vI ienHW PONtW dy c`krivaUiv`c hI Psy hoey hn ikauNik lokW nUµ iehnW dy kIborf lyAwaUt kwrn ienHW PONtW iv`ctweIp krnw mukwblqn sOKw lgdw hY, pr smwrt PonW Aqy vY~b 'qy pMjwbI dI vrqoNvDx kwrn XUnIkof PONt dI mMg vDI hY ^ws krky vY~bsweItW au~qy Aqy ienHW

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vY~bsweItW duAwrw pMjwbI nUµ hr qrHW dy qknIkI aupkrnW, bRwaUzrW Aqy EpryitMgisstmW 'qy idKwaux kwrn XUnIkof zrUrI ho igAw hY [ pMjwbI dy kuJ pRis`D XUnIkofPONt rwvI, swbH, loihq pMjwb, noto, AkwS, inrmlw qy gurmuKI-XU.sI.bI-XUnI Awidhn [ ieauN BwvyN hux q`k bhuq swry XUnIkof AwDwirq pMjwbI PONt iqAwr ho cu`ky hnpr pMjwbI iv`c XUnIkof nUµ vDyry lokipRAw bxwaux leI hor vI klwqimk qykYlIgRYPI AwDwirq XUnIkof PONtW nUµ ivkisq krn dI loV hY [

pMjwbI tweIipMg AMgryzI tweIipMg dy mukwbly vDyry muSikl hY ikauNik 57ilpI-icMnHW nUµ QWERTY kIborf nwl tweIp krnw pYNdw hY [ AMgryzI dy aultpMjwbI dy bhuq swry kIborf lyAwaUt hn [ ie`k kIborf 'qy 'a' nUµ dbw ky 'a' A`Kr nUµtweIp kIqw jWdw hY jd ik dUjy kIborf lyAwaUt 'qy auhI 'a' 'T' nUµ d`bx nwltweIp huMdw hY [ ies ny pMjwbI tweIipMg nUµ guMJldwr bxw id`qw hY [ pMjwbI PONt mu`K rUpiv`c PonYitk, rimMgtn Aqy romn iqMn qrHW dy lyAwaUtW au~qy AwDwirq hn [imAwrIkrn dI kmI kwrn PonYitk Aqy rimMgtn lyAwaUtW dy AMdr vI v`K-v`KlyAwaUt hn [ rimMgtn lyAwaUt dw pRXog Awm qOr 'qy pySwvr tweIipst krdy hnjd ik PonYitk dw pRXog gYr-pySwvr tweIp krn vwilAW duAwrw kIqw jWdw hY [

romn AwDwirq pMjwbI tweIipMg nUµ pihlI vwr 2006 iv`c fw. gurpRIq isMGlihl vrf pRosY~sr A`Kr6ý iv`c ilAwey jo bwAd iv`c gUgl7ý Aqy mweIkrosw&t nyhor pRc`ilq kIqI [ ieh tweIipMg qknIk A`jk`lH kMipaUtr Aqy smwrt PonW 'qy bhuqizAwdw vrqI jWdI hY [ romn AwDwirq pMjwbI tweIipMg sw&tvyAr vrqoNkwr nUµromn A`KrW dw pRXog krdy hoey pMjwbI tweIp krn dI suivDw pRdwn krdw hY [ iehsw&tvyAr romn Sbd-joVW leI sB qoN FukvW pMjwbI Sbd suJwauNdw hY Aqy ies dynwl hI suJwA f`bI iv`c DunIAwqmk qOr 'qy smwn SbdW nUµ id`qw jWdw hY ijnHW iv`coNvrqoNkwr AwpxI loV Anuswr koeI hor Sbd vI cux skdw hY [ ienHW qoN ielwvw ie`khor kIborf lyAwaUt, iensikRpt kIborf hY ijs nUµ Bwrq Aqy pMjwb srkwr duAwrwApxwieAw igAw hY [ pMjwb iv`c srkwrI nOkrI dI ie`Cw r`Kx vwilAW leI ieskIborf lyAwaUt nUµ is`Kxw lwzmI hY ikauNik pMjwb srkwr ny ies kIborf lyAwaUt nUµtweIipMg tY~st leI zrUrI kr id`qw hY [

iksy vI BwSw iv`c koeI dsqwvyz iqAwr krn leI kMipaUtr 'qy vrf pRosY~srdI loV pYNdI hY [ pMjwbI iv`c dsqwvyz iqAwr krn leI Awm pRc`ilq vrf pRosY~srmweIkrosw&t vrf hI vriqAw jWdw hY BwvyN aus dy iv`c pMjwbI leI ^ws qOr qyauplbD sMd isr& pMjwbI dw Sbd-joV inrIKk hI hY, auh vI isr& XUnIkof ivclydsqwvyzW au~pr hI kMm krdw hY [ bwkI dy ZYr XUnIkof PONtW ijvyN ik sqluj,Anmol ilpI, AsIs Awid iksy vI PONt iv`c tweIp dsqwvyz dy Sbd-joV cY~k nhINkrdw [ gUgl fwks (Google Docs) vI ie`k pRcilq AwnlweIn vrf pRosY~sr hYjoik pRXog krqw nUµ Sbd-joV cY~kr dy nwl E.sI.Awr. (Optical Character

Recognition) dI suivDw vI idMdw hY [ E.sI.Awr. dw &wiedw ieh huMdw hY ik ieh h`Qnwl ilKy Aqy Cpy lyKW nUµ pCwx ky aunHW nUµ tweIp dsqwvyzW ivc bdl idMdw hY [ieauN ibnW tweIp kIqy, h`Q nwl ilKy Aqy Cpy lyKW nUµ tweIp dsqwvyzW iv`c bdlilAw jWdw hY [ ijs nwl smyN Aqy pYsy dI b`cq huMdI hY, ies qrHW gUgl fwkspMjwbI BwSw iv`c ieh ivSyS suivDw idMdw hY jo ik pMjwbI dI ifzItweIjySn leIbhuq hI lwhyvMd hY [ ies qoN ielwvw pMjwbI XUnIvristI dy AiDAwpkW Aqy


sMvwd-1132 uVrig-uPV 2020ISSN : 2395-1273www.sanvad.org

KojwrQIAW ny fw. gurpRIq isMG lihl dI AgvweI iv`c A`Kr 20168ýnW dw vrfpRosY~sr iqAwr kIqw hY, jo vrf pRosYisMg dy nwl nYcUrl lYNgUeyj pRosYisMg dy bhuq swrysMdW nwl lYs hY ijs nwl kMipaUtr 'qy gurmuKI Aqy SwhmuKI dovW ilpIAW iv`c hIpMjwbI dw pRXog AwswnI nwl kIqw jw skdw hY [ ies iv`c pMjwbI nUµ lokipRAwkIborf lyA-AwaUtW dI mdd nwl gurmuKI Aqy SwhmuKI iv`c XUnIkof iv`c tweIp krskdy hW [ ies dy nwl hI romn ilpI dw pRXog krdy hoey vI pMjwbI nUµ tweIp kr skdyhW jo ik sMdrB AnukUl shI Sbd-joVW dw ivklp pihlqw dy AwDwr 'qy swfyswhmxy r`Kdw hY [ ies dy nwl hI pMjwbI PONt knvrtr vI auplbD hY jo pMjwbI dypRc`ilq sDwrn PONtW ivc tweIp smgrI nUµ ivSv p`Dr 'qy pRmwixq XUnIkof PONtiv`c qbdIl krdw hY Aqy XUnIkof PONt iv`c tweIp ilKq nUµ pMjwbI dy pRc`ilqsDwrn PONtW ivc bdl idMdw hY [ ies qoN ielwvw ies vrf pRosY~sr iv`c pihlI vwrgurmuKI, SwhmuKI, AMgryzI Aqy ihMdI BwSwvW dw bhuBwSweI Sbd-joV cY~krsw&tvyAr vI auplbD krvwieAw igAw hY [ ies dy nwl hI ku`J hor sMd ijvyNpMjwbI-AMgryzI Aqy AMgryzI-pMjwbI ifkSnrI Aqy nMbrW nUµ gurmuKI Aqy SwhmuKIilpI iv`c bdlxw Awid ies dIAW hor ivSySqwvW hn[ ies dy nwl hI A`Kr 2016iv`c AwrtIPISIAl ieMtYlIjYNs (Artificial Intelligence) AwDwirq Anuvwd AqyilpIAMqrn dI suivDw vI hY [ vrqoNkwr iksy vI pMjwbI dsqwvyz nUµ ihMdI Aqy ihMdIdsqwvyz nUµ pMjwbI iv`c au~c Su`Dqw sihq sPlqw pUrvk Anuvwd kr skdy hn(ic`qr 1. Aqy 2.) [

ic`qr-1. A`Kr 2016 iv`c pMjwbI tYkst dw skrIn-Swt

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ilpI dI h`dbMdI nUµ ^qm krn leI A`Kr 2016 iv`c gurmuKI iv`c ilKy iksy vIdsqwvyz nUµ SwhmuKI iv`c Aqy SwhmuKI iv`c ilKy dsqwvyz nUµ gurmuKI iv`cilpIAMqirq kIqw jw skdw hY [ ies suivDw qihq iksy vI gurmuKI lyK, inbMD jWKoj-pRbMD nUµ aus dy mOilk rUp sihq SwhmuKI iv`c qbdIl kIqw jw skdw hY [ ies dynwl hI A`Kr 2016 iv`c auplbD E.sI.Awr dI suivDw nwl gurmuKI Aqy SwhmuKIiv`c CpIAW hoeIAW ilKqW Aqy qsvIrW nUµ tYkst iv`c bdilAw jw skdw hY (ic`qr3. Aqy 4.) [

ic`qr-3. A`Kr 2016 iv`c gurmuKI tYkst dw skrIn-Swt

ic`qr-2. A`Kr 2016 iv`c pMjwbI qoN ihMdI iv`c Anuvwd kIqy tYkst dw skrIn-Swt


sMvwd-1134 uVrig-uPV 2020ISSN : 2395-1273

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pMjwbI vrf pRosY~sr qoN ielwvw pMjwbI BwSw leI hor vI bhuq swry sw&tvyAriqAwr kIqy gey hn [ iehnW iv`coN gurmuKI h`Q ilKqW dI pCwx krn vwly AwnlweInh`Q ilKq pCwxk sw&tvyAr izkrXog hn ijnHW nUµ Qwpr XUnIvristI9ý Aqy gUglduAwrw iqAwr kIqw igAw hY [ ieh sw&tvyAr smwrt&on au~qy ilKI hoeI ilKq nUµ au~ckotI dI SuDqw nwl tweIp kIqy hoey tYkst iv`c bdl idMdy hn (ic`qr-5) [

ic`qr-4. A`Kr 2016 iv`c gurmuKI qoN SwhmuKI iv`c ilpIAMqirq ic`qr-3 ivclw tYkst

ic`qr-5. gUgl dy sw&tvyAr nwl AOnlweIn h`Q ilKq nUµ tYkst ivc bdlx dw iek nmUnw

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pMjwbI XUnIvristI ny pMjwbI leI tYkst sMKypIkrn sw&tvyAr Aqy swihiqkcorI pCwxk sw&tvyAr vI ivkisq kIqy hn [ pMjwbI iv`c KojwrQIAW Aqy AwmlokW dI vrqoN leI bhuq swry BwSw ivigAwnk sroq auplbD hn ijvyN ikAwnlweIn mhwn koS10, vrf nY~t11, pMjwbI pIfIAw12, iliKq sMgRih ijs iv`cfwaUnlof Xog 50,000 vwkW dw ivAwkrink jwxkwrI sihq Sbd sMgRih hY, SbdSRyxI sMXojk13ý, rUp ivigAwink ivSlySk Aqy auqpwdk, mltI mIfIAw AwDwirqpMjwbI-AMgryzI Sbd-koS14ý Awid [ ienHW auplbD sroqW iv`coN pMjwbI vrf-nY~t ie`kAijhw AwnlweIn koSI sroq hY, jo ik Sbd-koS Aqy smArQI koS dw sumyl hY [SbdW dy ArQ dyx dy nwl-nwl ieh aunHW dy smArQI Sbd Aqy aunHW dI vwk iv`cvrqoN vI idKwauNdw hY [ pMjwbI pIfIAw iek AwnlweIn pMjwbI ivSv-koS hY, joivkIpIfIAw dI qrz 'qy iqAwr kIqw igAw hY, ijs iv`c pMjwbI BwSw, swihq,siBAwcwr, klw Aqy ieiqhws nwl juVy SbdW, vwkWSW Aqy AKwxW dy ivsiqRqArQW nUµ idKwieAw jWdw hY [ fw. kulbIr isMG iQMd duAwrw iqAwrwww.srigranth.org vY~bsweIt duAwrw pMjwbI SbdW nUµ ie`ko smyN mhwn koS,gurbwxI-koS Aqy pMjwbI-AMgryzI koSW iv`c AwnlweIn src dI bhuq hI SkqISwlIsuivDw id`qI geI hY [

iksy vI BwSw iv`c jwxkwrI pRwpq krn dw sB qoN mh`qvpUrn swDnivkIpIfIAw hY[ ivkIpIfIAw bwry kIqy AiDAYn qoN ieh pqw c`ldw hY ik pMjwbIivkIpIfIAw au~pr qkrIbn 33 hzwr lyK gurmuKI iv`c Aqy 51 hzwr lyK SwhmuKIiv`c auplbD hn [ pMjwbI ivcly lyKW dw ieh AMkVw AMgryzI dy 55 l`K lyKW dymukwbly bhuq G`t hY [ igxqI dy p`K qoN dyKIey qW sO qoN au~pr BwSwvW iv`c pMjwbInwloN izAwdw lyK mOjUd hn [ ie`QoN q`k ik isr& 3.5 l`K bulwirAW vwlI AweIslYNfdI BwSw iv`c vI iv`kIpIfIAw au~qy pMjwbI qoN izAwdw lyK mOjUd hn [

ies qoN ielwvw AwnlweIn pMjwbI isKwaux leI bhuq swrIAW vY~bsweItWiqAwr kIqIAW geIAW hn [ ienHW iv`coN izAwdwqr vY~bsweItW pMjwbI is`Kx dycwhvwn b`icAW nUµ imAwrI pMjwbI isKwaux leI iqAwr kIqIAW geIAW hn, joaunHW nUµ pMjwbI smJx, bolx, pVHn Aqy ilKx iv`c kuSl bxwauNdIAW hn [ ienHWiv`coN pMjwbI XUnIvristI duAwrw ivkisq kIqI geI vY~bsweIt15ýpMjwbI is`Kx dycwhvwnW iv`c kw&I hrmn ipAwrI hY [ ieh vY~bsweIt AwkriSq Aqy roick qrIkynwl AYnImySn, khwxIAW, nrsrI kivqwvW Aqy KyfW zrIey pMjwbI isKwaux dwkwrj krdI hY [ pMjwbI XUnIvristI ny pMjwbI isKwaux leI vIfIE lYkcr AqyAYps vI iqAwr kIqIAW hn ijnHW iv`c www.learnpunjabi.org

vY~bsweIt16ýau~qy fw. hrjIq isMG ig`l dy aunHW dI pusqk 'A Start in Punjabi'au~qy AwDwirq 25-30 imMt dy 21 vIfIE lYkcr pRsquq kIqy gey hn [ dUsrIvY~bsweIt17ýpMjwbI XUnIvristI, pitAwlw Aqy pMjwb skUl is`iKAw borf nyivkisq kIqI hY ijs iv`c pMjwbI isKwaux leI 10-20 imMt dy 100 qoN au~prvIfIE lYkcr Swiml hn [ ienHW vIfIE lYkcrW dy nwl mltImIfIAw AwDwirqbhu-ivklpI cox vwly pRSn, ienHW vIfIE lYkcrW dI fwaUnlof Xog AwfIE,ienHW ivclI SbdwvlI Aqy ienHW lYkcrW dy pwTW dI ipRMt lYx Xog pdf kwpI vIid`qI geI hY [



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ic`qr-6 : pMjwbI isKwauNdy vIfIE lYkcr dw skrIn-Swt

ic`qr-5 : pMjwbI XUnIvristI, pitAwlw duAwrw iqAwr pMjwbI isKwaux vwlIvY~bsweIt dw skrIn-Swt

sMvwd-11 37

mwihrW duAwrw BwSw qknwlojI nwl sMbMiDq pRwjYktW dy ivkws nUµ pMj BwgWiv`c vMifAw jWdw hY ijnHW iv`coN cwr dw mu`K pRXojn BwSw leI buinAwdI sw&tvyArWAqy BwSw sMswDnw dw ivkws krnw hY ijvyN:1. Sbd-joV soDk Aqy ivAwkrn inrIKk (Spell Checker and Grammar

Checker)2. bol pCwxk (Speech Recognition)3. ilKq qoN bol-rUp pirvrqk (Text to Speech Synthesis)4. mSInI Anuvwdk (Machine Translation)

pMjvyN Bwg dw sMbMD Awm BwSweI sroqW nUµ ivkisq krn, sDwrn BwSw-sMgRih(corpora) Aqy koSI smgrI nUµ isrjx Aqy hor shwiek sMdW dy ivkws nwl hY [

BwSw qknwlojI dy ivkws nwl sMbMiDq ienHW pMj BwgW dy sMdrB iv`c pMjwbIBwSw dy ivkws dI vrqmwn siQqI nUµ dyKdy hW qW sB qoN pihlW pMjwbI BwSw dySbd-joV soDk dI kI siQqI hY? ies au~qy ivcwr krdy hW[ gurmuKI Sbd-joV soDkkeI vrf pRosY~srW duAwrw iqAwr kIqw jw cuìkAw hY jo ik AwnlweIn Aqy Aw/lweIn donW rUpW iv`c auplbD hY[ A`Kr 2016 ny SwhmuKI leI vI Sbd-joV soDkiqAwr kIqw hY BwvyN SwhmuKI Sbd-joV soDk dy fwtwbys dw Awkwr Cotw hY Aqy iesiv`c aurdU dy aunHW SbdW nUµ Swiml krnw cwhIdw hY ijhVy pwiksqwn iv`c pMjwbIbolx vwilAW duAwrw Awm vrqy jWdy hn[ gurmuKI Sbd-joV soDkW leI sB qoN v`fIsmìsAw ieh hY ik swfy BwSw ivigAwnIAW iv`c Sbd-joVW dy imAwrI rUpW bwrysihmqI nhIN hY[ AìDAW leI ie`k qrHW dy Sbd-joV imAwrI hn Aqy dUsirAW leIdUsry qrHW dy Sbd-joV imAwrI hn[ swry Sbd-joV soDk iBMn-iBMn Sbd-joV nymW AqySbd-joV koSW nUµ Awpxw AwDwr bxwauNdy hn[ nqIjy vjoN ie`k Sbd-joV soDkduAwrw jo Sbd shI idKwieAw jWdw hY, dUjy Sbd-joV soDk duAwrw auhI Sbd ZlqidKw id`qw jWdw hY[ audwhrn vjoN tybl nM: 1 iv`c id`qIAW geIAW Sbd-sUcIAW qoNA`Kr 2016 Aqy mweIkrosw&t vrf do pRis`D Sbd-joV soDkW dy Sbd-joVW sMbMDIprspr ivroDI inrny nUµ dyK skdy hW[ donW vrf pRosY~srW duAwrw ijnHW Sbd-joVW nUµZlq idKwieAw igAw hY, aunHW sMbMDI shI Sbd-joVW dw suJwA, jo ik aunHW vrfpRosY~srW duAwrw id`qw igAw hY, brYkt iv`c idKwieAw igAw hY[

tybl-1: A`Kr 2016 Aqy mweIkrosw&t vrf duAwrw Zlq drswey SbdW dw ie`k nmUnw

Sbd A`Kr 2016 mweIkrosw&t vrf

iÂwl shI Zlq (iKAwl)

CUhx shI Zlq (Cuhx)

AwidvwsI shI Zlq (AwidvwsI)

idRVHqw shI Zlq (idRVqw)

&OjW shI Zlq (POjW)

auQy Zlq (au~Qy) shI

if`gdw Zlq (ifgdw) shI

AwnMd Zlq (AnMd) shI



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ij`QoN q`k pMjwbI ivAwkrn inrIKk dw sMbMD hY, A`Kr 2016 iv`c pMjwbI dwie`k mu`Flw ivAwkrn inrIKk id`qw igAw hY jo gurmuKI ilpI ivclIAW ilKqW dIivAwkrn Su`Dqw nUµ cY~k krn Aqy ASu`DIAW nUµ TIk krn dw kwrj krdw hY pries dw ivkws Ajy mu`Fly p`Dr au~qy hox krky ies iv`c suDwr dI bhuq guMjwieShY [

Sbd-joV soDk Aqy ivAwkrn inrIKk dy ivkws qoN bwAd BwSw qknwlojI dyivkws dI mUl Srq bol pCwxk qknwlojI dw ivkws krnw hY [ gUgl ny bhuq hISkqISwlI bol-pCwxk qknwlojI nUµ ivkisq kIqw hY18ýjo Bwrq dIAW nON BwSwvWsmyq dunIAw dIAW 120 BwSwvW Aqy aunHW dy rUpWqirq bolW nUµ pCwxn dy smr`Q hY [pr A&sos ies iv`c pMjwbI BwSw Swiml nhIN hY [ lyikn ilpIkwr19ýie`k AijhIAwnlweIn AYp (AYNfrwief) hY jo pMjwbI bolW dI pCwx krky bolW nUµ tYkst iv`cbdl idMdI hY [ pMjwbI iv`c v`tsAYp Aqy Pysbu`k sMdyS Byjx leI ilpIkwr dI vrqoNbVy v`fy p`Dr 'qy kIqI jWdI hY [ pr Ajy Awvwz pCwxn vwlIAW vDyry pRBwvSwlIqknIkW ivkisq krn dI loV hY jo vDyry smr`Qw nwl pUrbI pMjwbI Aqy p`CmIpMjwbI dIAW pRmu`K aupBwSwvW nUµ pCwx skx [

ies qoN A`gy nMbr AwauNdw hY ilKq dy bol-rUp pirvrqk sw&tvyAr dy ivkwsdw ilKq dw bol-rUp pirvrqk sw&tvyAr BwSw dy ilKqI rUp nUµ aucirq rUp iv`cpirvriqq krn dw kMm krdw hY [ Aijhy lok jo ^ud pVHn iv`c AsmrQ huMdy hn, iehaunHW lokW leI ilKy hoey nUµ pVH ky suxwauNdw hY [ ies qoN ielwvw ieh bolcwlI idSwinrdySW vwly XMqrW ijvyN ik kwrW iv`c sQwipq nYvIgySn pRbMD Awid iv`c vIvriqAw jWdw hY [ i&lhwl pbilk fomyn 'qy pMjwbI iv`c Aijhw koeI vI ilKq dwbol-rUp pirvrqk sw&tvyAr auplbD nhIN hY [ ies leI pMjwbI iv`c Aijhy au~c-p`DrI ilKq dy bol-rUp pirvrqk sw&tvyAr dI zrUrq hY jo pMjwbI dIAW v`K-v`KaupBwSwvW dy lihzy iv`c aucwrn kr sky [

sw&tvyAr qknwlojI dy ivkws dw cOQw Bwg mSInI Anuvwd hY [ mSInIAnuvwd dw sMbMD ie`k BwSw dy dUjI BwSw iv`c AwtomYitk Anuvwd nwl hY jokMipaUtr dy sB qoN cunOqI pUrn kwrjW iv`coN ie`k hY [ ies Kyqr iv`c 70 swlW dI KojqoN bwAd vI vDIAw qoN vDIAw mSInI Anuvwdk dw Anuvwd mnu`KI Anuvwd dybrwbr nhIN phuMc sikAw [ pr iPr vI ipCly pMj swlW iv`c AwrtIPISl ieMtYlIjYNsdy Kyqr iv`c zbrdsq au~nqI hox dy nqIjy vjoN mSInI Anuvwd dy Kyqr iv`chYrwnIjnk suDwr AwieAw hY [ ies smyN gUgl mSInI Anuvwd dy Kyqr iv`c mohrI hYijs ny ie`k Aijhw AwnlweIn mSInI Anuvwdk isstm muh`eIAw krvwieAw hY jopMjwbI smyq dunIAw dIAW 103 BwSwvW iv`c Anuvwd kr skdw hY [20ýieh AcMByvwlI g`l hY ik AsIN jpwnI, somwlI, AweIslYNf qy AYstonIAw BwSwvW qoN pMjwbIAqy pMjwbI qoN ienHW BwSwvW iv`c Anuvwd kr skdy hW jd ik ienHW BwSwvW dwpMjwbI iv`c koeI vI Sbd-koS jW kwrps auplbD nhIN hY [

mSInI Anuvwd dy Kyqr iv`c sB qoN izAwdw mMg pMjwbI Aqy AMgryzI BwSw dyprspr Anuvwd dI hY [ Bwrq iv`c ies Kyqr iv`c BwvyN 10 swl qoN vDyry smyN qoN kMmc`l irhw hY pr Ajy q`k koeI vI cMgy imAwr dw AMgryzI-pMjwbI mSInI Anuvwdkivkisq nhIN ho sikAw[ gUgl dy AMgryzI-pMjwbI mSInI Anuvwdk dy mu`Fly rUpduAwrw kIqy gey Anuvwd dw imAwr vI kw&I ^rwb sI [ pr jdoN qoN gUgl Anuvwdk

sMvwd-11 39

inaUrl nY~tvrk AwDwirq mSInI Anuvwdk 'c pirvriqq hoieAw hY, ies dyAnuvwd dw imAwr hYrwnIjnk rUp iv`c suDirAw hY BwvyN pUrn Su`Dqw qoN ieh hwlybhuq dUr hY [

tybl nM: 2 iv`c gUgl Anuvwdk duAwrw AMgryzI dy pMjwbI iv`c Anuvwd kIqyvwkW dw nmUnw id`qw igAw hY [ ieh vwk A^bwrW Aqy AwrtIklW iv`coN ley gey hn [ijvyN ik AsIN dyK skdy hW ik ienHW dy Anuvwd dI guxv`qw kw&I A`CI hY [ kMipaUtrnUµ pqw hY ik SAD nUµ 'AkwlI dl' iv`c Anuvwd krnw hY Aqy sad nUµ duKI iv`c [eImyl pqy nUµ AMgryzI vWg hI rihx id`qw igAw hY [tybl-2: gUgl AnuvwdkÓ(1)ýduAwrw AMgryzI qoN pMjwbI iv`c Anuvwd kIqy gey vwk

AMgryzI tYkstPakistan Prime Minister Imran Khan on

Friday announced that Sikh pilgrims

from India would not need a passport to

travel to Kartarpur and no fee would be

charged from them on the opening day of

the corridor on November 9.

The Parampara Arts have organised a five-

day theatre festival, in collaboration with

the Chandigarh Sangeet Natak Akademi,

North Zone Cultural Centre, Patiala, and

the UT Cultural Affairs wing at Randhawa

Auditorium.

Adapted by Vivek Roy Khanna from a

story by NRI author Veena Verma, the

play was directed by Baniderjit Singh.

SAD and BJP leaders were very sad with

the elections result in Punjab.

For further information please contact

[email protected].

Then the kids were asked if they would

like to meet Virat Kohli as ”Spiderman

and Superman are on vacation”.

Let him in.

mSInI Anuvwd vwlw tYkstpwiksqwn dy pRDwn mMqrI iemrwn ^wn nySu`krvwr nUµ AYlwn kIqw ik Bwrq qoN Aweyis`K SrDwlUAW nUµ krqwrpur jwx leIpwsport dI zrUrq nhIN pvygI Aqy 9 nvMbrnUµ lWGy dy audGwtn dy idn aunHW qoN koeI &IsnhIN leI jwvygI[rMDwvw AwfItorIAm ivKy cMfIgVH sMgIqnwtk AkwdmI, au~qrI zon klcrl sYNtr,pitAwlw Aqy XUtI klcrl APyArz ivMg dysihXog nwl prmpwr Awrts ny pMj rozwQIeytr &YstIvl dw AwXojn kIqw [

ivvyk rwey KMnw duAwrw pRvwsI lyKk vInw vrmwdI iek khwxI qoN iqAwr kIqw igAw, nwtk dwinrdySn bwnIdrjIq isMG ny kIqw sI [pMjwb iv`c coxW dy nqIijAW qoN AkwlI AqyBwjpw AwgU bhuq duKI sn [vDyry jwxkwrI leI ikrpw [email protected] 'qy sMprk kro [iPr b`icAW nUµ puiCAw igAw ik kI auh ivrwtkohlI nUµ imlxw cwhuMdy hn ikauNik”spweIfrmYn Aqy suprmYn CutI 'qy hn”aus nUµ AMdr Awaux idE.

tybl nM: 3 iv`c AsIN gUgl Anuvwdk duAwrw Anuvwd kIqy gey Zlq vwkWnUµ dyK skdy hW ijs iv`c auh SbdW dy shI sMdrB nUµ pCwxn qoN nwkwm rihMdw hY [gUgl Anuvwdk dIAW AijhIAW nwkwmIAW qoN mSInI Anuvwdk dIAW sImwvW dwpqw c`ldw hY [ ikauNik mSInI Anuvwdk isstm kol Asl sMswr dI jwxkwrI dIkmI hox kwrn aus nUµ ieh pqw nhIN lgdw ik kdoN iksy Sbd dw Anuvwd krnw hY



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Aqy kdoN ilpIAMqrn, ijs kwrn auh i&lm dy nwm 'A Wednesday' nUµ Anuvwd kridMdw hY [ iksy vwk iv`c ie`k qoN v`D Sbd SRyxIAW dy mYNbr vjoN Awaux vwlybhuArQk SbdW dy ArQW nUµ vI ault-pult kr idMdw hY, ijvyN ik 'saw' Sbd dysMdrB iv`c dyK skdy hW [ mSIn nUµ siBAwcwr dI jwxkwrI vI nhIN huMdI ies leImSIn 'cousin' Sbd dw sMdrB dyKy ibnW ies Sbd nUµ 'ccyry BrwvW' iv`c bdl idMdIhY [

tybl-3 : gUgl Anuvwdk duAwrw AMgryzI qoN pMjwbI iv`c Zlq Anuvwd kIqy gey vwk

tybl nM: 4 iv`c gUgl Anuvwdk duAwrw pMjwbI qoN AMgryzI iv`c Anuvwd kIqygey Aijhy vwk hn ijhVy drusqI dy p`KoN iBMn hn [ pihlw vwk ku`J h`d q`k TIkAnuvwd kIqw igAw hY jdik dUjy vwk nUµ Anuvwd krdy smyN 'mwmy' Sbd nUµ Kw igAwhY [ gUgl in`jI nwm 'ivSwl' nUµ shI sMdrB iv`c smJx dI QW ivSwl nUµ ivSySx smJky 'giant' iv`c Anuvwd kr idMdw hY jo ik sMdrB Anuswr Zlq hY [ gUgl AnuvwdkAw^rI do vwkW nUµ Anuvwd krdy smyN pUrI qrHW gVbV kr idMdw hY [

tybl-4: gUgl Anuvwdk duAwrw pMjwbI qoN AMgryzI iv`c Anuvwd kIqy gey vwk

mSInI Anuvwd vwlw tYkstFor centuries, millions of people from all

corners of the globe come to see this

magnificent spectacle of nature and

carry the immense imprint of magic that

touches the heart of this waterfall.

Tomorrow is the engagement of Buta

Singh's daughter.

The heart of the giant is huge.

Yesterday was a sauce-worthy sauce.

Sonny's mother-in-law does not make in-

laws.

pMjwbI tYkstsdIAW qoN dunIAw dy hr kony qoN l`KW hI lokkudrq dy ies Swndwr ikRSmy nUµ vyKx AwauNdyhn Aqy ies pwxI dy Jrny dy idl nUµ CUhxvwly jwdU dI Aim`t Cwp Awpxy jihn ivc lYky jWdy hn [k`lH bUtw isMG dy mwmy dI kuVI dI kuVmweI hY [

ivSwl dw idl bhuq ivSwl hY [k`lH rUp dI s`s dw Bog sI [sonI dI Awpxy s`s shury nwl nhIN bxdI hY [

AMgryzI tYkstI am full.

Playing second fiddle to regional party

paid Cong dividends in Jharkhand.

My favourite movies are 'Mother India'

and 'A Wednesday'.

Gurpreet Kaur and Gurkamal Kaur are

cousins.

My cousin wants to marry an army man.

I saw a saw which could not saw.

mSInI Anuvwd vwlw tYkstmYN pUrw hW [KyqrI pwrtI nUµ dUjI gyNdbwzI kridAW JwrKMfivc knigz nUµ lwB id`qy gey [myrIAW mnpsMd i&lmW hn 'mdr ieMfIAw' Aqy'ey buDvwr' [gurpRIq kOr Aqy gurkml kOr ccyrw Brw hn [

myrw ccyrw Brw sYnw dy ie`k AwdmI nwlivAwh krnw cwhuMdw hY [mYN ie`k Awrw dyiKAw jo nhIN vyK sikAw [

sMvwd-11 41

gUgl qoN ielwvw Pysbu`k vI pMjwbI postW nUµ AMgryzI iv`c Anuvwd krn AqypVHn leI mSInI Anuvwdk pRdwn krdw hY [ ieauN AsIN dyK skdy hW ik bwvjUdsImwvW dy, swfy kol TIk-Twk AMgryzI-pMjwbI mSInI Anuvwdk mOjUd hn pRMqU iehswry bwhrlIAW sw&tvyAr kMpnIAW duAwrw ivkisq kIqy gey hn [ ies leI BwrqAqy pMjwbI dy ihq iv`c swfI ieh izMmyvwrI hY ik AsIN pMjwbI qoN AMgryzI Aqy bwkIBwSwvW iv`c Aqy bwkI BwSwvW Aqy AMgryzI qoN pMjwbI iv`c Anuvwd krn vwly au~cSu`Dqw vwly mSInI Anuvwdk dw ivkws krIey [

A`j AsIN AijhI qknIkI kRWqI dy drimAwn hW jo bhuq izAwdw fwtw dyivSlySx au~pr ADwirq hY Aqy ies fwtw dy AwDwr 'qy AwrtIPISIAl ieMtYlIjYNs dIshwieqw nwl nvyN mwfl ivkisq kr rhI hY [ ieauN BwSw qknwlojI dy pRsMg iv`csMbMiDq BwSw dy ivSwl fwtw au~pr AwrtIPISIAl ieMtYlIjYNs dw pRXog krdy hoeymSInW nUµ ies qrHW is`iKAq kIqw jWdw hY ik auh BwSw dw pRXog bZYr koeI ZlqIkIiqAW mnu`KW dI qrHW kr skx [ ies leI BwSw ivigAwink sUcnw nwl sMXoijqiliKq Aqy aucwrn sMgRih, iviBMn BwSwvW dy smwnMqr sMgRih, ic`qr sMgRih,bhuBwSweI Sbd-koSW Aqy BwSw ivigAwink mwflW dI qurMq loV hY [ ies dy nwl hIpMjwbI iv`c mu`Fly BwSw ivigAwnk sroqW ijvyN ik pMjwbI qoN pMjwbI Sbd-koS,pMjwbI qoN hor BwSwvW dy Sbd-koS, gurmuKI-SwhmuKI koS, pMjwbI aupBwSweI koS,AKwx-koS, muhwvrw-koS Aqy smArQI koS Awid nUµ ivkisq kIqy jwx dI loV hY [

hwlWik pMjwbI iv`c kuJ BwSw ivigAwnk sroq auplbD hn pRMqU Ajy vIAMgryzI, cInI, XUrpI Awid BwSwvW dy p`Dr dw qknIkI ivkws krn leI bhuqizAwdw Xqn krn dI loV hY [ pMjwbI dI ifjItl jnsMiKAw Ajy vI bhuq G`t hY,ijs dw soSl sweItW au~pr pMjwbI iv`c cYitMg, eI-myl Aqy blOg Awid vrqxvwilAW dI igxqI qoN pqw cldw hY [ pMjwbI dIAW vY~bsweItW dI pRqISq 0.1 qoN vIG`t hY [ ies qoN ielwvw pMjwbI iv`c auplbD sw&tvyArW Aqy AYps bwry lokW iv`cjwxkwrI dI vI Gwt hY [ bhuq G`t lok jwxdy hoxgy ik auh AwpxI vY~bsweIt dw nWgurmuKI iv`c r`K skdy hn [ ies leI sB qoN pihlI loV ies g`l dI hY ik v`K v`KpMjwbI sw&tvyArW ijvyN ik pMjwbI dy v`K-v`K tweIipMg tUl, vrf pRosY~sr, v`K-v`KilpIAMqrn Aqy Anuvwd sw&tvyArW, E.sI.Awr. sw&tvyAr, XUnIkof, iensikRptkIborf Awid bwry ividAwrQIAW, mulwzmW, Aqy Awm vrqoNkwrW nUµ jwgrUk kIqwjwvy qW jo auh pMjwbI dy auplbD sw&tvyArW dw v`D qoN v`D aupXog kr skx [

BwSw dw qknIkI ivkws Ku`lHy &MfW ibnW AsMBv hY [ ie`Qy AsIN AweIslYNifkBwSw dI imswl dyxw cwhWgy, ijs dy bulwirAW dI igxqI isr& 3.5 l`K hY jopitAwly dI jnsMiKAw qoN vI G`t hY [ ipClI sdI dy AKIr q`k AweIslYNifk BwSwqknwlojI dw koeI vjUd nhIN sI [ Sbd-joV soDk Aqy ilKq dy bol-rUp pirvrqkqoN ibnW koeI vI hor BwSw qknwlojI nwl sMbMiDq sw&tvyAr mOjUd nhIN sI [ sMn2000 iv`c AweIslYNf iv`c BwSw qknwlojI dI siQqI dw inrIKx krn Aqy ies dysuDwr leI suJwA dyx leI ie`k ivSyS iqMn mYNbrI kmytI (ie`k BOiqk ivigAwn dwpRo&Ysr, ie`k AweIslYNifk BwSw dw pRo&Ysr Aqy ie`k ielYktRIkl ieMjInIAirMg dwpRo&Ysr) dw gTn kIqw [ ies kmytI ny AweIslYNifk BwSw qknwlojI dI sQwpqIleI cwr iksm dy kwrj krn dw suJwA id`qw, ijs dw bjt qkrIbn 12.5imlIAn XUro sI [20



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• pihlw kwrj Awm BwSw ivigAwink smgrI dw ivkws krnw sI, ijs nUµkMpnIAW Awpxy leI shwiek smgrI dy rUp iv`c vrq skx [

• BwSw qknwlojI dy Kyqr iv`c ivhwrk Koj iv`c invyS krnw [• BwSw qknwlojI dy aupkrnW dy ivkws leI kMpnIAW nUµ iv`qI shwieqw dyxw [• BwSw qknwlojI Aqy BwSw ivigAwn dI pVHweI Aqy isKlweI dw ivkws

krnw Aqy aus dy imAwr nUµ au~cw cu`kxw [AweIslYNifk srkwr ny ienHW suJwvW au~qy ZOr kIqw Aqy ienHW nUµ Aml iv`c

ilAwaux leI &rw^-idlI nwl &Mf muhèIAw krvwey [ nqIjy vjoN A`j AweIslYNifkBwSw dunIAw dIAW qknIkI qOr 'qy' 50 ivkisq BwSwvW iv`c Sumwr ho geI [ BwvyNgUgl duAwrw AweIslYNifk BwSw leI mSInI Anuvwd Aqy bol pCwxk qknwlojInUµ ivkisq kIqw igAw hY pr Ajy vI srkwr Awpxw mSInI Anuvwdk Aqy bolpCwxk ivkisq krn leI pYsy ^rc kr rhI hY [ ikauNik auh AwpxI BwSw dysw&tvyArW leI iksy hor au~qy inrBr nhIN rihxw cwhuMdI, ies leI ies Kyqr iv`cKoj leI auh Ku`lHidlI nwl &Mf muhèIAw krvw rhI hY [

swfy Awpxy dyS iv`c hI dyK skdy hW ik iks qrHW qwimlnwfU srkwr nyqwiml leI sw&tvyArW Aqy BwSw ivigAwink sm`grI dy ivkws leI Koj iv`cshwieqw krn leI 'qwiml sw&tvyAr ifvYlpmYNt &Mf' dw inrmwx kIqw hY [ ij`QoNq`k pMjwbI dw sMbMD hY, pMjwb iv`c pMjwbI BwSw dy qknIkI ivkws leI iksy vIsrkwr duAwrw koeI iv`qI shwieqw nhIN id`qI geI [ ies qoN ielwvw SGPC vI iesmMqv leI koeI ^rc nhIN kr rhI [ ies qoN vI vDyry A&sos dI g`l ieh hY ik SGPC

dI AwpxI vY~bsweIt vI gurmuKI iv`c nhIN hY [ pMjwb srkwr dIAW bhuqIAWvY~bsweItW dy isr& kuJ pyj hI pMjwbI iv`c hn, bwkI swry AMgryzI iv`c hn [ pMjwbIBwSw qknwlojI dI vrqmwn siQqI dy sMdrB iv`c ieh bhuq zrUrI ho jWdw hY ikpMjwb srkwr AweIslYNf dI srkwr dy qzrby qoN koeI sbk lYNdy hoey ies Kyqr leIKu`lHidlI nwl &Mf muhèIAw krvwey [ ies dy nwl hI pMjwbI BwSw iv`c qknwlojI dyivkws dw inrIKx krn leI ie`k ivSyS kmytI dw gTn krn dI vI loV hY, ijsiv`c BwSw qknwlojI, kMipaUtr swieMs, Aqy BwSw ivigAwn nwl sbMiDq mYNbrSwiml hox jo pMjwbI BwSw dy qknIkI ivkws nwl sMbMiDq v`K-v`K bjt dy smWb`DpRwjYkt lY ky Awvy, ijs nwl pMjwbI BwSw qknwlojI dI siQqI hor mzbUq hovygI [ieauN kyNdr Aqy pMjwb srkwr, SGPC, pRweIvyt sMsQwvW, kMipaUtr ivigAwnIAW,BwSw ivigAwnIAW Aqy KojwrQIAW smyq BwSw nwl sMbMiDq swrIAW sMsQwvW nUµ imLky pMjwbI dy qknIkI ivkws dy tIcy nUµ pRwpq krn leI Xqn krny cwhIdy hn [

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sMvwd-11 43

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LREC (2008).

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