OBJ: TO DETERMINE HOW MEDIEVAL RULERS

CREATED STABLE LANDS BY IDENTIFYING

CHANGES IN POLITICS AND ECONOMICS BY NEW

LEADERS.

POLITICAL REVIVAL IN THE HIGH MIDDLE AGES

KINGDOM OF ENGLAND UNDER KINGDOM OF ENGLAND UNDER CANUTECANUTE

THE DEVELOPMENT OF ENGLAND AS A UNIFIED LANDTHE DEVELOPMENT OF ENGLAND AS A UNIFIED LANDALFRED THE GREAT 878 EXTENDS ROYAL RULE & LAWROLE OF SHIRES1013 VIKING INVASION & KING CANUTE 1016-1035ENGLAND CENTER OF HIS EMPIRE & USES ASSIMILATION & RECONCILIATIONKING EDWARD 1042-1066 STEP- SON OF CANUTEHEIRLESS SO WHO SUCCEEDS?

Harold Godwinson crowned by Eng. Nobles 1022-66, King Harald III of Norway grandson of Canute (1045-66r) or Wm. Of Normandy, son of Edward’s cousin & descendant of 1st settlers of Normandy

WILLIAM OF WILLIAM OF NORMANDYNORMANDY MAJOR PLAYER IN

NORMANDY UNITED HIS VASSALS READY TO CLAIM

RIGHTFUL TITLE OF KING OF ENGLAND

INVADES ENGLAND 1066

HAROLD & HARALD EXHAUSTED FROM FIGHTING

VICTORIOUS & BECOMES KING OF ENGLAND

SETS OUT TO UNIFY LANDS, VASSALS, POPULACE

TRANSFORMING ENGLAND INTO A UNIFIED TRANSFORMING ENGLAND INTO A UNIFIED MONARCHYMONARCHY

LIMITED POWER OF VASSALS & CLERGY

PRESERVED SHIRES BUT REPLACED WITH NORMANS

RETAINED WRIT, ADMINISTRATIVE ORDER WRITTEN IN VERNACULAR

INTRODUCED NORMAN INQUEST RESULTING IN THE DOMESDAY BOOK 1085-1086

POPULATION, WHO HELD WHAT LAND, DISPUTES B/W VASSALS

A CENSUS OF EVERYTHING

FINANCES: THERE’S NEVER ENOUGH FINANCES: THERE’S NEVER ENOUGH MONEYMONEY

EXPANSION COSTS $$$ HENRY I (1100-1135) OFFICE OF THE EX-

CHEQUER 1ST INSTITU-TION OF GOV’T BUREAU-CRACY- MONEY MANAGER

MANY REVENUE SOURCES◦ Taxes by peasants on estate

◦ Danegeld – tribute to Danes

◦ Dona- annual gift from church

◦ Fines, payments as lord to vassals

SLOW UNIFICATION OF THESLOW UNIFICATION OF THEWESTERN FRANKISH KINGDOMWESTERN FRANKISH KINGDOMLOUIS VI & ILE DE FRANCELOUIS VI & ILE DE FRANCE

MAINTAINING UNITY & STRENGTHMAINTAINING UNITY & STRENGTH

CAPETIANS REPLACE CAROLINGIANS 987: HUGH CAPET

SUCCESSION SOLVED GOAL: INCREASE

SIZE OF ROYAL DOMAIN W/ ILE DE FRANCE AS NUCLEUS

MANY INDEPENDENT PROVINCES THAT DIFFERED GREATLY

LOUIS VI 1108-1137 KING OF ST. DENIS

UNIFICATION UNDER PHILIP II r.1180-UNIFICATION UNDER PHILIP II r.1180-11231123

Grandson of Louis VIGrandson of Louis VI “AUGUSTUS” DUE TO AMOUNT

OF LAND ADDED TO KINGDOM NORMANDY – KING JOHN OF

ENGLAND (r.1199-1216) VASSAL TO PHILIP & DERELICT IN RESPON-SIBILITIES

ALL OF NORTHERN FRANCE CREATED METHOD OF

COMMUNICATION B/W CENTRAL & LOCAL GOV’T USING BAILLIS (N) & SENESCHALS (S) RESPONSIBLE TO THE KING

AGENTS NOT FROM PROVINCE OF ORIGIN

ROYAL INTERSTES SUPERSEDED LOCAL ONES – FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLE OF FRENCH GOV’T

PROVINCES RETAINED OWN LAWS & INSTITUTIONS

FINANCES: THERE’S NEVER ENOUGH FINANCES: THERE’S NEVER ENOUGH MONEYMONEY

INCOME FROM ROYAL ESTATES IN THE ILE DE FRANCE

AGENTS RESPONSIBLE FOR TAX & FINE COLLECTION

HOST TALLAGE UNDER LOUIS IX (1226-1270) MILITARY OBLIGATION TURNED INTO CASH PYMT

JEWS OVERTAXED CHURCH RESPONSIBLE FOR SOCIAL SERVICES PEOPLE BELIEVED FRENCH KINGS SHOULD LIVE

OFF INCOME OF OWN LAND TAX=WAR & SO SLOW TO DEVELOP BUREAU OF

FINANCE