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TRANSCRIPT
1
GROWTH STAGES OF POPPY
Emergence stage Cabbage stage
Stem-elongation stage Flowering stage
Capsule stage Lancing stage
Abbreviations GPS: Global Positioning System GLE: Governor-led Eradication PEF: Poppy Eradication Force MCN: Ministry of Counter Narcotics UNODC: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime AGE: Anti Government Elements
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The following organizations and individuals contributed to the implementation of the 2010 Opium Poppy Eradication Verification and the preparation of this report:
Ministry of Counter-Narcotics: Mohammad Zafar (Deputy Minister), Mohammad Ibrahim Azhar (Deputy Minister) Mir Abdullah (Director of Survey and Monitoring Directorate), Saraj Ahmad (Deputy Director of Survey and Monitoring Directorate), Khiali Jan Mangal (Eradication Verification Reporter), Mohammad Khyber Wardak (Database supervisor), Mohammad Sadiq Rizaee (Remote Sensing), Shiraz Khan Hadawe (GIS & Remote Sensing Analyst). Survey Coordinators: Said Esaq Masomi (Central Region), Abdul Mateen (Eastern Region), Abdul Latif Ehsan (Western Region), Fida Mohammad (Northern Region), Mohammed Ishaq Anderabi (North-Eastern Region), Khalil Ahmad (Southern Region). United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (Vienna) Angela Me (Chief, Statistics and Surveys-SASS), Martin Raithelhuber (Programme Officer) United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (Kabul) Jean-Luc Lemahieu (Country Representative), Ashita Mittal (Deputy Representative, Programme) Devashish Dhar (International Project Coordinator), Ziauddin Zaki (National Project Coordinator), Abdul Mannan Ahmadzai (Survey Officer), Noor Mohammad Sadiq (Database Developer), Ahmad Jawid Ghiasee and Sayed Sadat Mehdi (Remote sensing analysts). Eradication reporters: Ramin Sobhi and Zia Ulhaq. Survey Coordinators: Abdul Basir Basiret (Eastern Region), Abdul Jalil (Northern Region), Sayed Ahmad Esmati (Southern Region), Fawad Alahi (Western Region), Mohammad Rafi (North-Eastern Region), Rahimullah Omar (Central Region), Abdul Rahim Marikh (Eastern Region), Fardin Osmani (Northern Region). Provincial Coordinators: Fazal Mohammad Fazli (Southern Region), Mohammad Alam Ghalib (Eastern Region), Altaf Hussain Joya (Western Region), Vacant (North-Eastern Region) and Lutfurhaman Lutfi (Northern Region). Implementation of verification survey would not have been possible without dedicated work of field surveyors, who conduct verification survey often in extremely risky situation. Opium poppy eradication verification survey in Afghanistan was made possible by financial contribution from the Governments of United States of America and United Kingdom.
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Summary
• MCN & UNODC are joint partners to monitor Governor-led eradication (GLE).
• A total of 2,316 ha of eradicated poppy fields were verified by MCN/UNODC verifiers in 11 provinces namely Badakhshan, Farah, Hilmand, Hirat, Kabul, Kapisa, Laghman, Nangarhar, Nimorz, Takhar and Uruzgan.
• Last year a total of 2687 ha of Governor-led poppy eradication were verified by MCN/UNODC verifiers and finalized by satellite images. In addition, PEF team conducted a total of 2,663 ha eradication last year.
• Law and security situation continued to be unfavorable for eradication campaigns this year as well since most of the poppy cultivation was confined to South and South-West provinces dominated by insurgency and organized crime groups.
• The highest eradication was reported from Hilmand (1,602 ha), however, this amount is negligible considering the amount of poppy cultivation in the province.
• Quality control of eradication verification was carried out using satellite data in Hilmand, Farah, Hirat and Badakhshan provinces. Final figures for eradication in these provinces are confirmed after detailed analysis of high resolution satellite images.
• Farmers resisted in different ways against poppy eradication. In Hilmand province, the eradication teams were attacked 8 times. In Nangarhar also, the eradication teams were attacked in Khogyani district. In these attacks, a total of 24 police and 4 farmers were killed, 24 police, 7 farmers and 5 tractor drivers were injured. In Hilmand, Farah, Uruzgan and Hirat provinces, farmers also resisted against poppy eradication by flooding their poppy fields by watering. This year many explosive devises were discovered from the poppy fields during eradication operations and were defused.
• Detailed methodology of GLE verification is given in Annexure 1.
• Detail results of district level eradication are given in Annexure 2.
• The locations of GLE are shown in Annexure 3.
• Details of farmer’s resistance/security incidents during eradication operations are mentioned in Annexure 4.
• The map showing locations of GLE with Eradication Target Areas is depicted in Annexure 5
• The map showing farmer’s resistance/security incidents during eradication operations is depicted in Annexure 6.
TURKMENISTANTURKMENISTAN
UZBEKISTANUZBEKISTANTAJIKISTANTAJIKISTAN
PAKISTANPAKISTAN
INDIAINDIA
IRANIRAN
Hirat
Farah
Ghor
HilmandNimroz
Kandahar
Badakhshan
Ghazni
Balkh
Zabul
Faryab Baghlan
Badghis
Paktika
Sari Pul
Takhar
Bamyan
Day Kundi
Jawzjan
Uruzgan
Wardak
Nuristan
Kunduz
Samangan
Paktya
Parwan
Logar
KunarKabul
Nangarhar
Khost
Panjshir
LaghmanKapisa
75°E
75°E
70°E
70°E
65°E
65°E35
°N
35°N
30°N
30°N
Afghanistan: Verified Governor-led Eradication, 2010 (by province)
Source: Government o f Afghanistan - National monitoring system implemented by UNODC Note: The boundar ies and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations.
Geographic Projection Datum: WGS 84
0 150 30075 km
LegendEradication (ha)
No eradicationNegligible10 - 100101 - 500501 - 1602
International boundaryProvincial boundary
IRAN
PAKISTANINDIA
TURKMENISTAN
TAJIKISTANUZBEKISTAN
Hirat
Farah
Ghor
Hilmand KandaharNimroz
Badakhshan
Ghazni
Faryab
Zabul
Balkh
Paktika
BadghisBamyan
BaghlanSari Pul
Takhar
Day kundi
Jawzjan
Wardak
Uruzgan
Samangan
Kunduz
Nuristan
Khost
Nangarhar
KunarKabul
Parwan
LogarPaktiya
Panjshir
LaghmanKapisa
RegDishu
Chahar Burjak
Wakhan
Adraskan
Garm Ser
Jawand
Anar Darah
Gulran
Ghoryan
Gulistan
Nawur
Shindand
Reg-i-Khan Nishin
Yakawlang
Nad Ali
Obe
Gizab
Gomal
Kohistanat
Qadis
Daman
Washer
Asl-i-Chakhansur
MarufPanjwayee
Pur Chaman
Shahrak
Khash Rod
Tulak
Nowzad
Bala Buluk
Khulm
Waras
Kiti
Spin Boldak
Do Lainah
PasabandTaywara
Chorah
Shorabak
Warsaj
Arghistan
Fersi
Shighnan
QaisarBalkhab
Lash-i-Juwayn
Baghran
Saghar
Enjil
Dushi
Qala- i-Kah
Bala Murghab
Kajaki
Maiwand
Shinkai
Bakwah
Kohsan
Shib Koh
Kajran Jaghuri
Nawa
Delaram
Rustaq
MirAmor
Panjab
Jurm
Kohistan
Wor Mamay
Almar
Karrukh
Nesh
Khedir
Tagab
Roi-Do-Ab
Turwo
Argo
Kuf Ab
Dowlat abad
Zari
Ajristan
Saighan
Paryan
Giro
Gurziwan
Ghorak
Qarqin
Jalrez
Mizan
AzraIshtarlay
ShorTepa
Sang-i-Takht
Kahmard
KaldarDowlat abad
Kiran wa Munjan
Mandol
Shemel zai
Chaghcharan (Provincial Center)Lal wa Sarjangal
Chimtal
Pashtun Kot
Kang
Yamgan
Shah Wali Kot
Zaybak
Qala- i-Zal
Zendah Jan
Malistan
Ghormach
Zurmat
Surubi
Shah Joi
Khakrez
Markaz-i- Behsud
Sholgarah
Khas Uruzgan
Talah wa Barfak
Gelan
Shahristan
Jaji
Muqur
Barmal
Shebar
Shuhada
Chiisht-i-Sharif
Ab Kamari
Sayyad
Dihrawud
Dowlatyar
FarkharShirin Tagab
Darah-i-Soof-i-Bala
Baghlan-i-Jadeed
Musa Qala
Nawa-i-Barukzai
Burka
Barg-i-Matal
Qara Bagh
Khinjan
Daychopan
Khwajah DuKoh
Muqur
Shiki
Khak-i-Safed
ArghandabFarah (Provincial Center)
Kushk (Rabat-i-Sangi)Nari
Raghistan
Kamdesh
Faizabad
Wazahkhwah
Mingajik
Kishindeh
Zhire
Khost wa FiringGosfandi
Shahidi Hasas
Andarab
Alingar
Kishim
Andar
Darah
Wardooj
Ab Band
Kusk-i-Kohnah
Khanabad
Naw Bahar
Nahreen
Naher- i-Saraj
Bil Chiragh
Pashtun Zarghun
Pul-i-Alam
Eshkashim
Nijrab
Jani Khel
Waygal
Khuram wa Sar Bagh
Bangi
Chahab
TashkanQaram Qul
Du Ab
Niizam-i-Shahid (Guzarah)Daimirdad
Sayyidabad
QurghanNahr-i-ShahiBalkh
Dahana-i- Ghuri
Chahar Sadah
Sangcharak
Khamyab
Darah-i-Suf-i-Payin
Chahar Darah
Nerkh
Shaykh Ali
Hazrati Imam Sahib
Tagab
Qarghayee
Pul-i-Hisar
Surkh-i-Parsa
Shinwari
Chahar Kent
Deh Yak
Mardyan
Tarnak wa Jaldak
Khwahan
Spera
Hesarak
Tanay
Marmul
Achin
Urgun
Sari Pul (Provincial Center)
Hisah-i-Awal Behsud
Eshkamish
Omna
Jaghatu
Sheberghan (Provincial Center)
Chak-i-Wardak
Salang
Qush Tepah
Miya NeshinQalat (Provincial Center)
Atghar
Goshta
Kohistan
Darayim
Khugyani
Shahri Buzurg
Bamyan (Provincial Center)
Yawan
Fayroz NakhcheerHazrat-i-Sultan
Khoshi
Lalpoor
Tirin Kot (Provincial Center)
Dashti- i-Archi
Sar Rowza
Dilah wa Khwoshamand
Kabul
Darwaz-i- Bala (nesay)
Koh-i-Safi
Namak Ab
Kalafgan
Darqad
Kharwar
Ali Abad
Khanaqa
Sar- i-Pol
Darwaz-i Payin (mamay)
Arghandab
Waghaz
Chapa Dara
Khani ChaharBagh Yaftal-i-Sufla
Yosuf Khel
Ghazi Abad
Surubi
Khak-i-Jabar
Andkhoy
Bak
Ziruk
Sozma Qala
Khash
Arghanj Khwah
Deh Bala
Rashidan
Behsud
Nuristan Paroon (Provincial Center)
Chahar BolakBaharak
Gurbuz
Kama
PushtRod
Sangin Qala
Giyan
Mata Khan
Noor gal
Shutul
Samkani
Khwaja Ghar
Khas Kunar
Lashkargah (Provincial Center)
Zanakhan
Hirat
Jaji Maidan
Nika
Baharak
Dur Baba
Zaranj (Provincial Center)
Nazyan
Fir ing wa Gharu
DashtiQala
Kandahar (Provinclal Center)
Qala- i-Now (Provincial Center)
Nili (Provincial Center)
Shigal wa Sheltan
Yangi Qala
Dangam
Sar Kani
Terayzai (Ali Sher)Shwak
Mohmand Dara
Mara warah
Shahrak-i-Hairatan
75°E
75°E
70°E
70°E
65°E
65°E
60°E
60°E35
°N
35°N
30°N
30°N
Source: Government of Afghanistan - National monitoring system implemented by UNODC Note: The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations.
Afghanistan: Verified Governor-led Eradication, 2010 (by district)
Nuristan
Kunar
Kabul
Parwan
Logar
Paktiya
Nangarhar
Panjshir
LaghmanKapisa
Surubi
Jaji
Mandol
Azra
Alingar
Darah
Nijrab
WaygalDu Ab
Tagab
Qarghayee
Noor Gram
Hesarak
Achin
Alisheng
GoshtaLalpoor
Koh-i-Safi
Dowlat Shah
Kot
DehSabz
AlaSaiBagram
Wama
KamaSurkh Rud
Khugyani
Khoshi
Rodat
Sherzad
Salang
Chapa DaraDara-i-Pech
Khak-i-Jabar
Deh Bala
Behsud
Noor gal
Kabul
Shutul
Muhammad Aghah
Bagrami
Pachir wagam
Khas KunarKuzkunar
Kamdesh
Pul-i-AlamSamkani
Nuristan Paroon (Provincial Center)
Dur BabaNazyan
Ahmadabad
Chowkey
Unaba
Watahpoor
Sar Kani
Mehtar Lam (Provincial Center)
Laja Ahmad Khel
Chaparhar Shinwar
Rukhah
Darah-i- Noor
Bati KotMusahi
Sayyid Karam
Koh Band
Dand Patan
Mohmand Dara
Mara warahNarang wa Badil
Andarab Paryan
Kalakan
Sayyid Khel
Jalalabad
Jaji Maidan
Dangam
Eastern Region
No eradicationNegligible
District boundary
Eradication (ha)
International boundaryProvincial boundary
11-100101-200201-400401-964
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Introduction The Ministry of Counter Narcotics (MCN) and the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) have a joint responsibility of monitoring and verifying opium poppy eradication activities led by the Governors.
Governor led eradication verification Provincial Governors are responsible for eradication of poppy crops in their respective provinces. Governor-led eradication activities were envisaged in all poppy cultivating provinces of Afghanistan.
A total of 71 eradication verifiers were trained on eradication verification techniques and deployed to the field based on eradication plan received from Governors. Out 71 verifiers, 24 verifiers were deployed in Hilmand province, 7 verifiers to Kandahar, 4 verifiers to Uruzgan, 4 verifiers to Zabul, 1 verifier to Day Kundi, 1 verifier to Nimroz, 2 verifiers to Hirat, 4 verifiers to Farah, 6 to Nangarhar, 2 to Kunar, 2 to Laghman, 4 to Badakhshan and 2 to Faryab provinces. 6 Verifiers were on standby for North and North-east regions.
The eradication verifiers were part of the eradication teams led by the respective provincial Governor. Verifiers were made available to the Provincial Governors before the eradication activities were started.
The area of the poppy fields eradicated was measured by trained verifiers. The eradicated area reported by the verifiers was randomly checked by survey coordinators in the field. The reported eradicated poppy fields and areas were also checked by satellite images wherever required.
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Results: Governor-led eradication (GLE) activities were reported from 11 provinces namely Badakhshan, Farah, Hilmand, Hirat, Kabul, Kapisa, Laghman, Nangarhar, Nimroz, Takhar and Uruzgan.
The eradication verification figures (by province) are as below.
Table 1: Governor-led eradication figures (by province) Province Eradication
(ha) verified No. of fields eradication
reported
No. of villages eradication
reported
Badakhshan 302* 1,760 103 Farah 198* 431 35 Hilmand 1,602* 3,573 178 Hirat 159* 741 42 Kabul 0.48 9 1 Kapisa 1 28 11 Laghman 10 27 4 Nangarhar 16 45 5 Nimroz 0.43 14 2 Takhar 12 51 7 Uruzgan 15 197 14 Grand Total 2,316 6,876 402
* verified by satellite images
This year, MCN/UNODC verified 2,316 ha of eradication by physical measurement of 6,876 poppy fields in 402 villages of 11 provinces. Quality control using high resolution satellite image was carried out to authenticate the eradication figures in Hilmand, Farah, Hirat and Badakhshan provinces.
In 2009, the total verified Governor-led Eradication was 2,687 ha. MCN/UNODC verifiers visited 412 villages (6,262 poppy fields) in 12 provinces where eradication had been carried out by Governor-led eradication teams.
Quality Control of eradicated fields by using satellite images Cross checking of eradication verification reported by verifiers was done using high resolution satellite images. UNODC procured satellite images based on the GPS readings recorded by verifiers in the eradicated poppy fields to validate authenticity of the reported eradication area by GLE in Hilmand, Farah, Hirat and Badakhshan provinces.
The satellite images have been interpreted for eradicated fields and compared with the figures available from the ground. Generally a good match is observed between the eradicated areas calculated from satellite image with that measured on the ground by verifiers.
Hilmand Province However, there was very minor difference observed between the satellite images and ground measurements of eradication in Hilmand province. Total area of eradication reported by our verifiers from field in Hilmand province was 1,665 ha. After quality check with satellite images, total eradication was reduced to 1,602 ha.
In Hilmand province the quality of eradication has been very good as compared to last year. Most of the eradicated fields were eradicated 100 %. Also this year most of the eradication was carried out in intense cultivated areas compared to last year.
6
Snapshot of satellite data showing eradication points in Nad Ali district of Hilmand province for 2010 and 2009.
Comparison of GLE 2010 with 2009
Nad Ali district, Hilmand province
GLE 2010- Green dots
GLE 2009- Yellow dots
GLE in 2010 in more intense cultivated areas compared to GLE 2009
أ
Village name: Haji Obaidullah, Nad Ali district, Hilmand province
Date of eradication: 22 Mar 2010
The area (in ha) of eradicated fields, measured by verifiers on ground (white text)
The area (in ha) of eradicated fields, from satellite image interpretation (yellow text)
Good match between satellite image and ground verification
7
Badakhshan Province An area of 368 ha of eradication was reported by verifiers in Badakhshan province. Satellite images were used for authenticating the reported eradication. The eradicated area reported from field and area measured on satellite images was compared for most of the eradicated poppy fields.
There has been a very minor difference in the verification figures reported from the fields and that checked with satellite images. Total area of eradication reported from field in Badakhshan province was 368 ha. After quality check with satellite images, total area of eradication was reduced to 302 ha.
Snapshot of satellite data showing good match between field verification and satellite image in Kishim district of Badakhshan province.
Village name: Gandom Qul, Kishim district, Badakhshan province
Date of eradication: 15 June 2010
The area (in ha) of eradicated fields, measured by verifiers on ground (white text)
The area (in ha) of eradicated fields, from satellite image interpretation (yellow text)
Good match between satellite image and ground verification
(Eradication method- Manual stick)
Farah and Hirat Provinces
The eradication verification figures reported for the field were verified with satellite images in Farah and Hirat provinces and very minor differences were observed.
Farah province reported 218 ha of eradication by the verifiers in the field whereas after confirming with satellite images the same was corrected to 198 ha.
Similarly 169 ha of eradication were reported from Hirat province by the field verifiers and 159 ha was verified with satellite images.
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Methods used for eradication Methods of Governor-led eradication include tractor, manual eradication (using sticks) and animal plough. 86% of the governor-led eradication was carried out by tractor, 13% by manual (sticks, uprooting) and 1% by animal plough.
3%
38%
59%
1%
13%
86%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Plough Manual Tractor
2009 2010
Figure 1: Percentage of poppy eradication by different methods in 2010 and 2009
Timing and percentage of eradication by month The graph (Figure 2) shows timing and percentage of Governor-led eradication each month. 86 per cent of eradication was carried out in three months from February 2010 to April 2010 mostly in Hilmand province.
14%
49%
24%
4%
9%
0.3%0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
50%
February March April May June July
Figure 2: Percentage of poppy eradication by month
9
Table 2. Start and end dates of Governor-led eradication Region Province Feb-10 Mar-10 Apr-10 May-10 Jun-10 Jul-
10 Eradication (ha)
Kabul 05-May 06-May 0.48 Central
Kapisa 05-May 20-Jun 1 Laghman 11-Apr 02-May 10 East Nangarhar 16-Apr 05-May 16 Badakhshan 15-Apr 08-Jul 302
North-east Takhar 05-June
10-June 12
Hilmand 15-Feb 16-Apr 1,602 South Uruzgan 18-Apr 04-May 15 Farah 21-Feb 05-Apr 198 Hirat 16-Mar 06-May 159 West Nimroz 24-Mar
25-Mar 0.43
Comparison of Governor-led poppy eradication in 2010 and 2009 Total eradication in 2010 was 2,316 ha from 11 provinces compared to 2,687 ha in 12 provinces in 2009. Major observations on eradication campaign in 2009 and 2010 are given below:
Eradication campaign started in February 2010 in Hilmand and Farah provinces. In 2009, eradication started at the same time in Hilmand and Hirat provinces.
Eradication progressed at a slower pace in 2010 compared to 2009 throughout the country.
Eradication campaigns were mostly active in South, West, and North-eastern regions in 2010 while there was more eradication in the Eastern region last year as well. This year eradication in Nangarhar province was not intense due to frequent attacks on eradication teams.
In 2010, number of security incidents was less than the year 2009. GLE teams were attacked 12 times in 2010 while there were 34 attacks on GLE in 2009. However the number of fatalities is more this year as compared to 2009. This year about 28 eradication campaign related fatalities were reported against 21 in 2009.
Table 3. Area of Governor-led eradication, 2005-2010 Year Eradication
(ha) Number of
provinces where GLE activities
reported
Cultivation (ha)
2005 4,007 11 104,000
2006 13,051 19 165,000
2007 17,035 26 193,000
2008 4,306 17 157,000
2009 2,687 12 123,000
2010 2,316 11 NA
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Farmer’s resistance/Security incidents Security incidents in Badakhshan, Farah, Hilmand, Hirat, Laghman, Nangarhar, and Uruzgan provinces include direct attack, mine explosions, flooding poppy fields by water and demonstration which have resulted in death of 28 persons (24 Police and 4 farmers). This year there were many casualties from the land mines/explosive devises which were planted in poppy fields in Nad Ali district of Hilmand province.
A summary of farmer’s resistance/security incidents is provided in the table below.
Table 4. Summary of security incidents during GLE, 2010 Province Number of
incidents Number of personnel injured
Number of personnel
dead
Eradication (Ha)
Badakhshan 4 7 13 302 Farah 19 0 0 198 Hilmand 8 10 6 1602 Hirat 11 1 0 159 Kabul No incident 0 0 0.48 Kapisa No incident 0 0 1 Laghman 1 0 0 10 Nangarhar 2 18 9 16 Nimroz No incident 0 0 0.43 Takhar No incident 0 0 12
Uruzgan 10 0 0 15
Total: 55 36 28 2316
Regional findings
Eastern region (Nangarhar, Kunar, Laghman and Kapisa):
• Nangarhar: A total of 16 ha of poppy eradication were verified in 5 villages..
• Laghman: A total of 10 ha of poppy eradication were verified in 4 villages.
• Kapisa: A total of 1 ha of poppy eradication was verified in 11 villages.
• Kunar: No eradication was carried out.
Governor-led eradication in Khugyani district of Nangarhar province
Governor-led eradication in Alishing district of Laghman province
11
Southern region (Day Kundi, Hilmand, Kandahar, Uruzgan and Zabul):
• Hilmand: A total of 1,602 ha of poppy eradication were verified by MCN/UNODC verifiers in 178 villages based on satellite data analysis and field reports.
• Uruzgan: A total of 15 ha of poppy eradication were verified by MCN/UNODC verifies in 14 villages.
• Day Kundi, Kandahar and Zabul: No eradication was carried out.
Governor-led eradication in Nawa-i-Barukzai district of Hilmand province
Governor-led eradication in Lashkar Gah district of Hilmand province
Western region (Badghis, Ghor, Farah, Hirat, Nimroz):
• Farah: A total of 198 ha of poppy eradication were verified by MCN/UNODC verifiers in 35 villages.
• Hirat: A total of 159 ha of poppy eradication were verified by MCN/UNODC verifiers in 42 villages.
• Nimroz: A total of 0.43 ha of poppy eradication were verified by MCN/UNODC verifiers in 2 villages.
• Badghis and Ghor: No eradication was carried out.
.
Governor-led eradication in Shindand district of
Hirat province Governor-led eradication in Psht Rud district of
Farah province
12
Northern region (Baghlan, Balkh, Faryab, Jawzjan, Samangan, Sari Pul):
• No eradication was carried out.
North-eastern region (Badakhshan, Takhar):
• Badakhshan: A total of 302 ha of poppy eradication were verified by MCN/UNODC verifiers in 103 villages based on satellite data analysis and field reports.
• Takhar: A total of 12 ha of poppy eradication were verified by MCN/UNODC verifiers in 7 villages.
Governor-led eradication in Argo district of Badakhshan province
Governor-led eradication in Rustaq district of Takhar province
Central region (Kabul):
• Kabul: A total of 0.48 ha of poppy eradication was verified by MCN/UNDOC verifiers in 1 village.
Governor-led eradication in Surobi district of
Kabul province
13
Annex 1 Methodology: Governor-led eradication verification
1. Eradication verifiers are part of the governor-led eradication teams.
2. The verifiers take measurements of each eradicated field, collect its GPS coordinates and take photographs.
3. The verifiers draw sketch maps of each field as a reference for area calculations done at a later stage in the Kabul office.
4. The verification reporting officers in Kabul obtain the provisional data from the verifiers through telephone (mobile/satellite phones) and update the database on a daily basis.
5. The verifiers fill in hardcopy survey forms and submit them to the UNODC regional offices. The forms are then sent to the Kabul office for data entry. Quality control is undertaken by MCN/UNODC survey inspectors and regional survey coordinators at the regional level.
6. MCN/UNODC publishes periodical reports to inform stakeholders on eradication activities. The eradication figures provided in these reports are provisional.
7. The updated eradicated area figure for each province is reported in the periodical reports.
8. Further validation of the results is done using data obtained through helicopter flights, as well as from satellite imagery to calculate the final area of eradicated poppy fields wherever possible.
9. Pressure of any kind on verifiers to influence their reporting may lead to the suspension or cancellation of the verification survey in that region.
10. The verification survey does not cover self-eradication.
11. The verification of the eradication is not carried out for the lanced poppy fields even after first lancing.
Eradication Verifiers
MCN-UNODC Survey
Coordinators
Daily Report Survey Forms
Verification Reporters, Kabul
Second data Quality Check
Coordination and Quality Control
Governor Led Eradication Team
Database Database Periodical Periodical ReportsReports
Embedded
Daily Telephone Contact
14
Annex 2: GLE eradication figures verified (by district)
Province District Eradication (ha)
verified
No. of fields
eradication reported
No. of villages
eradication reported
Argo 146 918 46 Darayim 63 361 27 Kishim 64 299 7
Badakhshan
Tashkan 29 182 23 Sub total 302* 1760 103
Bala Buluk 88 134 7 Farah (Provincial Center ) 61 174 17 Farah Pushtrud 49 123 11
Sub total 198* 431 35 Garm Ser 177 401 39 Lashkargah (Provincial Center) 103 340 12 Nad Ali 964 1,876 74 Naher-I- Saraj 41 65 1
Hilmand
Nawa-I- Barukzai 316 891 52 Sub total 1602* 3,573 178
Kushk (Rubat-I- Sangi) 6 22 3 Hirat
Shindand 153 719 39
Sub total 159* 741 42
Kabul Surubi 0.48 9 1
Sub total 0.48 9 1
Hissa-I-Awal Kohistan 0.04 1 1
Hissa-I-Duwumi Kohistan 0.01 1 1
Koh Band 1 24 7 Kapisa
Mahmood Raqi (Provincial Center) 0.05 2 2
Sub total 1.02 28 11
Alingar 8 21 2 Alishing 2 5 1 Laghman
Mehterlam (Provincial Center) 0.24 1 1 Sub total 10 27 4
Achin 2 18 3 Nangarhar
Khogyani 14 27 2 Sub total 16.24 45 5 Nimroz Khashrod 0.43 14 2 Sub total 0.43 14 2
Kalafgan 1 5 2 Takhar
Rustaq 11 46 5 Sub total 12 51 7 Uruzgan Tirinkot (Provincial Center) 15 197 14 Sub total 15 197 14 Grand Total 2316 6876 402
* verified by satellite images
IRANIRAN
PAKISTANPAKISTAN
INDIAINDIA
TURKMENISTANTURKMENISTAN
TAJIKISTANTAJIKISTANUZBEKISTANUZBEKISTAN
Hirat
Farah
Ghor
HilmandNimroz Kandahar
Badakhshan
Ghazni
Balkh
Zabul
FaryabBaghlan
Badghis
Paktika
Sari Pul
Daykundi
Takhar
Bamyan
Jawzjan
Uruzgan
Wardak
Nuristan
Kunduz
Samangan
KunarKabul
NangarharLogar
KhostPaktya
ParwanPanjsher
LaghmanKapisa
Dishu
Cha ha r Bu rja k
Wakh an
Ad ra ska n
Gar m Ser
An ar Da ra h
Gulr an
Gho ry an
Gulis tan
Sh ind an d
Reg -i- Kha n Nis hin
Nad Ali
Obe
Wash er
As l-i- Cha kha ns ur
Pu r Cha m an
Kh as h R od
Nowz ad
Ba la Bulu k
Cho ra h
Wars aj
Fe rsi
Sh igh na n
Las h- i-Ju way n
Ba gh ra n
En jil
Qala -i- Kah
Kir an wa M un jan
Ka jak i
Ba kwa h
Ko hs an
Sh ib KohDela ra m
Rust aq
Jur m
Ka rr uk h
Tag ab
Ar go
Ku f Ab
Ya mg an Za yba k
Su ru bi
Sh uh ad a
Chiish t- i-Sha rif
Rag hist an
Ka ng
Ze nd ah Ja n
Kh as Ur uzg an
Dihr awu d
Fa rkh ar
Mu sa Qa la
Nawa -i- Bar ukz ai
Sh iki
Kh ak -i- Safe d
Fa ra h ( Pro vinc ial C en ter )
Ku sh k ( Rab at- i-Sa ng i)
Sh ah idi Hasa s
Alin ga r
Kis him Ward oo j
Ku sk- i-Ko hn ah
Nah er -i- Sara j
Pa sh tun Zar gh un
Es hka sh im
Nijra b
Ba ng i
Cha ha b
Tash ka n
Niizam - i-Sha hid ( Gu zar ah )
Tag ab
Qar gh ay ee
Kh wa ha n
Hesa ra k
Ac hin
Alis he ng
Es hka m ishCha l
Gos hta
Ko his tan
Kh ug ya ni
Sh ah ri Buzu rgYa wan
Lalp oo r
Tir in Ko t ( Pro vincia l Ce nt er)
Ka bu l
Dar waz -i- Bala (n es ay)
Rod at
Dowla t Sh ah
Nam ak Ab
Sh er za d
Ka laf ga n
Dar qa d
Ko t
Dar waz -i Pa yin (m am ay )
Deh Sab z
Ya fta l-i-Su fla
Kh ak -i- Jab ar
Kh as hAr gh an j Kh wah
Deh Bala
Be hs udKa m a
Pu sh tRo d
Sa ng in Qa la
Pa gh m anSu rk h R ud
Ba gr am i
Talo qa n ( Pro vinc ial C ent er )
Kh wa ja G ha r
Las hka rg ah (Pr ov incia l Ce nte r)
Ku zku na r
Hira t
Ba ha ra k
Dur Bab a
Za ra nj ( Pro vinc ial C ent er )
Dash tiQ ala
Sh ak ar Da ra
Ya ng i Qa la
Qar a Bag h
Mu sah i
Ko h Ban d
Mo hm an d Dar a
75°E
75°E
70°E
70°E
65°E
65°E
60°E
60°E
35°N 35°N
30°N 30°N
Annex 3: Afghanistan: Locations of Governor-led eradication of poppy fields, 2010
So urce: M CN - UNODC Af ghanistan Era dication Su rvey 2010 Note: The b oundarie s a nd nam es sho wn and the designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptan ce by the Un ited Nations.
0 100 20050 KmGCS_WGS_84
IRANIRAN
TAJ IKI STANTAJ IKI STAN
PAKISTANPAKISTAN
UZBEKISTANUZBEKISTAN
TURKMENISTANTURKMENISTAN
Poppy eradication force (PEF)Governor-led eradication (GLE)
2009
INDIAHirat
Farah
Ghor
Hilmand KandaharNimroz
Balkh
Ghazni
Zabul
FaryabBadghis
Paktika
Baghlan
Bamyan
Badakhshan
Sari Pul
Takhar
Day kundi
Jawzjan
Wardak
Uruzgan
SamanganNuristan
Kunduz
KunarKabul
LogarKhost
Parwan
PaktiyaNangarhar
PanjshirKapisa
Legend
Eradication Target Areas
International boundaryProvincial boundaryDistr ict boundary
Verified eradication location (GLE)
15
Annex 4: Resistance by farmers and security incidents
• 20 Feb 2010: Governor-led eradication team was attacked by AGE in Baghranyan village of Nahri Saraj district of Hilmand province where 6 police were killed and 4 were injured.
• 21 Feb 2010: One of the tractors of Governor-led eradication team was hit by land mine in Tangan village of Lashkargah district of Hilmand province, Tractor was damaged and driver was injured.
• 23 Feb and 2 Mar 2010: Governor-led eradication team was attacked by AGE in Nawa and Lashkargah districts, fortunately there was no casualty.
• 06 March 2010: Governor-led eradication team was attacked by AGE in Lashkargah district, two tractors were damaged and the drivers of tractors were injured.
• In Hilmand, Farah and Hirat provinces, farmers also showed their resistance against poppy eradication by watering their poppy fields.
• 10 March 2010: A mine exploded during eradication on the poppy field in Loy Bagh (Naserano Kalay) village of Nad Ali district which injured a tractor driver.
• 10 March 2010: Four mines planted on poppy fields in Naserano Kalay of Nadi Ali district, were discovered during eradication operations.
• 16 March 2010: A mine exploded during eradication on the poppy field in Group-6 village of Nad Ali district of Hilmand province which injured two police.
• 30 March 2010. During a demonstration against eradication operations, one tractor driver was injured in Shindand district of Hirat province.
• 15 April 2010: Governor-led eradication team was attacked by AGE in Nad Ali district of Hilmand province, fortunately there was no casualty.
• 21 April 2010: Governor-led eradication team was attacked by AGE in Alingar district of Laghman province, fortunately there was no casualty.
• 25 April 2010: Governor-led eradication team was attacked by AGE in Khogyani district of Nangarhar province in Kachara village. Fortunately there was no casualty.
• 25 April 2010: Governor-led eradication team was attacked by AGE in Khogyani district of Nangarhar province in Nokor village, where 8 police and 1 farmer were killed and 12 police and 6 farmers were injured.
• In Uruzgan province, farmers also showed their resistance against poppy eradication by watering their poppy fields.
• 30 May 2010: In Badakhshan province, a police vehicle was exploded by a road mine on the way to Kingani village of Darayim district while going for eradication operations. In the incident 9 police were killed and 1 was injured.
• 22 June 2010: In Tirgani village of darayim district in Badakhshan province, there was a demonstration from the villagers but fortunately there was no casualty.
• 27 June 2010: GLE team was attacked by AGE in Yamchian village of Darayim district of Badakhshan province. In the attack, 2 police were injured and 3 villagers dead.
• 29 June 2010: A demonstration in Turgani-e Ulya village of Darayim district of Badakhshan province, unfortunately 1 farmer died and 1 farmer and 3 police were injured.
16
A tractor damaged by land-mine during GLE operations in Nad Ali district of Hilmand province
Farmer resistance against GLE operations in Hilmand province (watering poppy fileds)
Land-mines discovered in poppy fields in Nad Ali district of Hilmand province during GLE operations
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Farah
HilmandNimroz Kandahar
Zabul
Uruzgan
Garm Ser
Chahar Burjak
Gulistan
Dishu
Nad Ali
Washer
Asl-i-Chakhansur
Khash Rod
Reg-i-Khan Nishin
Nowzad
Bala Buluk
Kajaki
Bakwah
Delaram
Kang
Baghran
Pur Chaman
Musa Qala
Shindand
Nawa-i-Barukzai
Khak-i-Safed
Farah (Provincial Center)
Naher-i-Saraj
Shib Koh
Anar Darah
Qala-i-Kah
Lash-i-Juwayn
PushtRod
Sangin Qala
Lashkargah (Provincial Center)
Zaranj (Provincial Center)
Anar Darah
65°E
65°E
30°N 30°N
Annex 5: Afghanistan: Locations of Governor-led eradication of poppy fields with Eradication Target Areas, 2010
Source: MCN - UNODC Afghanistan Eradication Survey 2010 Note: The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations.
¯0 100 20050 Km
GCS_WGS_84
Legend
Eradication Target Areas
International boundary
District boundaryProvincial boundary
! Verified eradication location (GLE)
IRANIRAN PAKISTANPAKISTAN
INDIAINDIA
TURKMENISTANTURKMENISTAN
TAJIKISTANTAJIKISTANUZBEKISTANUZBEKISTAN
Hirat
Farah
Ghor
HilmandNimrozKandahar
Badakhshan
Ghazni
Balkh
Zabul
FaryabBaghlan
Badghis
Paktika
Sari Pul
Daykundi
Takhar
Bamyan
Jawzjan
Uruzgan
Wardak
Nuristan
Kunduz
Samangan
KunarKabul
NangarharLogar
KhostPaktya
ParwanPanjsher
LaghmanKapisa
Dishu
Chahar Burjak
Wakhan
Adraskan
Garm Ser
Anar Darah
Gulran
Ghoryan
Gulistan
Shindand
Reg-i-Khan Nishin
Nad Ali
Obe
Washer
Asl-i-Chakhansur
Pur Chaman
Khash Rod
Nowzad
Bala BulukChorah
Warsaj
Fersi
Shighnan
Lash-i -Juwayn
Baghran
Enj il
Qala-i-Kah
Kiran wa Munjan
KajakiBakwah
Kohsan
Shib KohDelaram
Rustaq
Jurm
Karrukh
Tagab
Argo
Kuf Ab
Yamgan Zaybak
Surubi
Shuhada
Chiisht-i -Sharif
Kang
Zendah Jan
Khas Uruzgan
Dihrawud
Farkhar
Musa Qala
Nawa-i-Barukzai
Shiki
Khak-i-Safed
Farah (Provincial Center)
Kushk (Rabat-i-Sangi)
Raghistan
Shahidi Hasas
Alingar
Kishim Wardooj
Kusk-i-Kohnah
Naher-i-Saraj
Pashtun Zarghun
Eshkashim
Nijrab
Bangi
Chahab
Tashkan
Niizam-i -Shahid (Guzarah)
Tagab
Qarghayee
Khwahan
Hesarak
Achin
Alisheng
EshkamishChal
Goshta
Kohistan
Darayim
Khugyani
Shahri BuzurgYawan
Lalpoor
Tirin Kot (Provincial Center)
Kabul
Darwaz-i- Bala (nesay)
Rodat
Dowlat Shah
Namak Ab
Sherzad
Kalafgan
Darqad
Darwaz-i Payin (mamay)
DehSabz
Yaftal-i-Sufla
Khak-i-Jabar
Khash
Arghanj Khwah
Deh Bala
Behsud
Baharak
Kama
PushtRod
Sangin Qala
PaghmanSurkh Rud
Bagrami
Taloqan (Provincial Center)
Pachir wagam
Khwaja Ghar
Lashkargah (Provincial Center)
Kuzkunar
Zaranj (Provincia l Center)
Nazyan
DashtiQala
Shakar Dara
Yangi Qala
Qara Bagh
MusahiMohmand Dara
75°E
75°E
70°E
70°E
65°E
65°E
60°E
60°E
35°N 35°N
30°N 30°N
Annex 6: Afghanistan: Farmers resistance/security incidents during Governor-led eradication operations, 2010
Source: MCN - UNODC Afghanistan Eradication Survey 2010 Note: The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply o fficial endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations.
0 100 20050 KmGCS_WGS_84
Attack
Watering fieldsNo resistance
Legend
Mine explosion/Attack
Provincial boundaryInternational boundary
District boundary
Attack/ Watering fields
Province Number of resistance
Number of personnel
injured
Number of personnel
dead
Eradication (Ha)
Badakhshan 4 7 13 302Farah 19 0 0 198Hilmand 8 10 6 1602Hirat 11 1 0 159Kabul 0 0 0 0.48Kapisa 0 0 0 1Laghman 1 0 0 10Nangarhar 2 18 9 16Nimroz 0 0 0 0.43Takhar 0 0 0 12Uruzgan 10 0 0 15Total: 55 36 28 2316