FIG Working Week 2011

Bridging the Gap between Cultures

Marrakech, Morocco, 18‐22 May 2011 1

Potential and limitationsof remote sensing

for cadastre and land management

Potentiel et limites de la télédétectionpour les applications foncières

Laurent PolidoriÉcole Supérieure des Géomètres et Topographes

Conservatoire National des Arts et MétiersFrance

FIG 2011Marrakech, May 2011

Traditional use of remote sensingfor land managementUsages traditionnels de la télédétectionpour les applications foncières

Technological improvementsand benefits for land managementAméliorations technologiqueset retombées pour la gestion foncière

New possibilitiesNouvelles applications possiblesde la télédétection dans le domaine foncier

Conclusion

FIG Working Week 2011

Bridging the Gap between Cultures

Marrakech, Morocco, 18‐22 May 2011 2

1 Traditional use of remote sensing for land managementUsages traditionnels de la télédétection

pour les applications foncières

First aerial photograph by Nadar (Paris, 1860)

Aerial photography for land management : a long history

FIG Working Week 2011

Bridging the Gap between Cultures

Marrakech, Morocco, 18‐22 May 2011 3

Applicationsof remote sensing

AgricultureUrban planningResource monitoringNatural hazard assessmentEpidemiologyArcheology

Informationprovided by remote sensing

2D / 3D geometryDescription of land coverEvidence of land use

Advantagesof using remote sensing

Survey is often faster and cheaperTraditional cadastral mapping is limited to boundariesRemote sensing provides a visual support

Human settlements generate patterns under two influences

SPOT-4, Macapa, Brazil

A. Spatial expression of a land policyB. Presence of natural constraints

FIG Working Week 2011

Bridging the Gap between Cultures

Marrakech, Morocco, 18‐22 May 2011 4

US / Mexico border deforestation in the Brasilian Amazonia

FIG Working Week 2011

Bridging the Gap between Cultures

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Requirement 1

Definition of a 2D « geometry » on the Earth surface

- Measurement possibilities

- Topological rules

Requirement 2

Existence of suitable sensors to describe the Earth surface :

- Suitable scale

- Suitable spectral domain

2 Technological improvementsand benefits for land management

Améliorations technologiques

et retombées pour la gestion foncière

FIG Working Week 2011

Bridging the Gap between Cultures

Marrakech, Morocco, 18‐22 May 2011 6

1

10

100

1000

1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

Ré

so

luti

on

sp

ati

ale

(m

)Radar

ERS

RADARSAT

ENVISAT

Panchromatique

SPOT

IRS

IKONOS

Hyperspectral

TERRA

ORBVIEWMSS

AVHRR

SPOT

SPOT 4/5

Multispectral

SPOT4/VGT

Pléiades (© CNES)

FIG Working Week 2011

Bridging the Gap between Cultures

Marrakech, Morocco, 18‐22 May 2011 7

Ground resolutionOpens new possibilities for urban planningDrawback : heterogeneous data bases

FIG Working Week 2011

Bridging the Gap between Cultures

Marrakech, Morocco, 18‐22 May 2011 8

Ground resolutionOpens new possibilities for urban planningDrawback : heterogeneous data bases

Location accuracyReduces need for ground control points

Ground resolutionOpens new possibilities for urban planningDrawback : heterogeneous data bases

Location accuracyReduces need for ground control points

Stereo capabilitiesDTM available for image rectification3D location

FIG Working Week 2011

Bridging the Gap between Cultures

Marrakech, Morocco, 18‐22 May 2011 9

acquisition parameters

digital elevation model

aerial photograph Orthophoto

A standard product- for permanent data bases- for one shot projects

Ground resolutionOpens new possibilities for urban planningDrawback : heterogeneous data bases

Location accuracyReduces need for ground control points

Stereo capabilitiesDTM available for image rectification3D location

Digital informationAutomated aerotriangulationAutomated image rectificationGIS has become a standard environment

FIG Working Week 2011

Bridging the Gap between Cultures

Marrakech, Morocco, 18‐22 May 2011 10

A geodata base

A query language

A toolbox (computation, display etc.)

GIS = standard environment

Ground resolutionOpens new possibilities for urban planningDrawback : heterogeneous data bases

Location accuracyReduces need for ground control points

Stereo capabilitiesDTM available for image rectification3D location

Digital informationAutomated aerotriangulationAutomated image rectificationGIS has become a standard environment

InternetPublic data bases

hhh

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Bridging the Gap between Cultures

Marrakech, Morocco, 18‐22 May 2011 11

Institut Géographique National Direction Générale des Finances Publiques

www.geoportail.fr www.cadastre.gouv.fr

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Bridging the Gap between Cultures

Marrakech, Morocco, 18‐22 May 2011 12

FIG Working Week 2011

Bridging the Gap between Cultures

Marrakech, Morocco, 18‐22 May 2011 13

3 New possibilitiesNouvelles applications possibles

de la télédétection dans le domaine foncier

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Bridging the Gap between Cultures

Marrakech, Morocco, 18‐22 May 2011 14

1.Virtual boundary delineationDélimitation virtuelle

The boundary in defined in an rectified image

Virtual delineation will never replace a surveyor

Limitation of the legal value of an image

Legal boundaries do not always fit the visible boundaries

Technical constraints

Location accuracy

Image quality

It can provide a valuable help

To save and share the information more securely

To replace traditional delineation in specific situations :- when the boundary position is not accessible- when the boundary is curvilinear or « fractal »

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Bridging the Gap between Cultures

Marrakech, Morocco, 18‐22 May 2011 15

2. Public communicationCommunication grand public

An ortho-image is much more friendly than a mapThe information is not « filtered »The cost per km2 is lower

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Conclusion

Beijing declaration (2008) :We, members of the International Society forPhotogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ISPRS) andparticipants of the XXIst ISPRS Congress in Beijing,recognise the importance of imagery to measure andmonitor the natural and man-made features on planet Earthand to explore othr planets of the solar system, especiallyafter witnessing the important role of photogrammetry,remote sensing and spatial information systems in therescue operation and damage assessment of the recentdevastating natural disasters.

Sydney declaration (2010) :We, members of FIG and participants of the FIG XXIVInternational Congress in Sydney, 11-16 April 2010,recognise the importance of good land information and goodland governance in support of the global agenda such as theMillenium Development Goals, and as a basis for meetingthe key challenges of the 21st centurysuch as climatechange, natural disasters, environmental degradations,rapid urban growth, and poverty eradication.