Lehigh Valley Health NetworkLVHN Scholarly Works

Research Scholars Poster Presentation

Potential Applications of Three-DimensionalPrinting in the Hospital Network: An ExploratoryStudyBruce SchmidtOhio State University - Main Campus

Emily LobstBucknell University

Philip HorlacherLehigh Valley Health Network

Michael Pasquale MDLehigh Valley Health Network

Martin Martino MDLehigh Valley health Network

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Published In/Presented AtSchmidt, B.; Iobst, E.; Horlacher, P.; Pasquale, M.; Martino, M., (2015, July 31) Potential Applications of Three-Dimensional Printing inthe Hospital Network: An Exploratory Study. Poster presented at LVHN Research Scholar Program Poster Session, Lehigh Valley HealthNetwork, Allentown, PA.

© 2014 Lehigh Valley Health Network

Lehigh Valley Health Network, Allentown, Pennsylvania

Potential Applications of Three-Dimensional Printing in the Hospital Network:

An Exploratory Study

Three-dimensional (3D) printing is a process of additive manufacturing that produces physical 3D objects from digital 3D models or other electronic data sources. Common materials used for 3D printing include ABS plastic, PLA, nylon, titanium, steel, ceramics, wax, and other resins. Advancements in 3D printing technology have allowed for increased integration into the healthcare industry, specifically the surgical arena. The purpose of this study is to explore and evaluate the potential benefits of investing in an on-site 3D printer for use by LVHN.

1. 3D printing technology would be beneficial to LVHN.

2. An on-site printer would be utilized by health network personnel.

3. On-site printing is more cost-effective than vendor printing long-term.

4. Further educating hospital staff on the capabilities of 3D printing technology would allow for enhanced profitability.

Emily Iobst, Bruce Schmidt, Philip Horlacher, Michael Pasquale MD, Martin Martino MD

Department of Surgery & Department of Information Services

INTRODUCTION

METHODOLOGY

RESULTS DISCUSSION

CONCLUSIONS

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Determination of where and how 3D printing is being used in healthcare currently.

A total of 8 unstructured interviews with physicians and other hospital staff were conducted to identify cost-effective applications that could be implemented into the network.

Using information gathered from the interviews, a 3 question survey was created and administered to 190 physicians in the Department of Surgery via email.

With patient consent (HIPAA media release form) , the standard 3D printing process was followed to produce a prototype skull model at LVPG Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. A vendor company was used to print the model.

Preliminary Research

Individual Interviews

Electronic Survey

Patient Case Printing

Figure 1: 3D printed models of a skull and implant used for facial reconstructive surgery.

3D printing would be a valuable tool to LVHN in three primary areas of application:

1. 3D model production for preoperative planning 2. 3D model production for surgical simulation training and education 3. Medical device prototyping

Survey results indicate that LVHN physicians view 3D printing technology as a potential asset to their clinical practice. Nearly three-fourths of participants have ideas for implementing a 3D printer into their practice currently.

Having an on-site printer would allow for production of prototypes without the addition of a substantial vendor cost from outsourcing the print. Using 3D printed prototype models, LVHN surgeons would be able to simulate complicated surgical steps for complex cases in advance thus allowing them to foresee intraoperative complications. This may result in the following:

• reduced operating times

• less blood loss and transfusion volumes

• decreased amount of time the patient is under anesthesia

• shortened length of hospital stay

All of these of these factors contribute to a more cost-effective use of the OR as well as improved patient outcomes. These 3D models could also be used as valuable educational tools in the education of surgical residents and SELECT medical students. With CAD software, there is the capability to design custom implants for patients that are outside standard ranges for prosthesis size or have condition-specific requirements. Custom implants improve surgical outcomes and reduce operating time due to patient-specific fitting that matches individual anatomical needs.

As the technology becomes more standard in medical applications, the costs associated with 3D printing will steadily decline. LVHN has the opportunity to become the first major health network in the region to utilize this technology to provide better care for patients.

Figure 2, 3 & 4: Graphical representations of survey results. (Survey participation ~11%)

Figure 5: Overview of 3D printing process including cost comparison between on-site printing and vendor printing for the production of a model skull.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Randolph Wojcik Jr., MD Christian Caputo