Public Private Participation in Solid Waste Management

The Polluter Pays!

Who is the Polluter?

Individual - Institutional

What happens when the Polluter

disposes waste without having to

pay for it?

Who Pays when the Polluter gets away

without Paying?

Local Government

God

Environment

Neighbor

International & National legislation

concerning management of wastes (MSW)

Directive Principles in the Constitution

Environment Protection Act, 1986

Chapter 21 of Agenda 21, UN Conference on

Sustainable Development, Rio De Janeiro

Kyoto Protocol

Municipal Solid Waste Management and

Handling Rules, 2000

PUBLIC DOMAIN

to

PRIVATE DOMAIN

Other Sectors where this has

happened:

Oil

Telecom

Pharmaceuticals

Engineering

WASTE MANAGEMENT –

From being exclusively in the

Public Domain to emerging

Public Private Participation

In spite of formulation of MSW

Management & Handling Rules,

2000 over a decade ago

It is common to see heaps of waste

being burnt in the open

Wastes are not segregated at source

Wastes are not being disposed in an

environmentally safe manner

Components of a Waste Management

Process:

Consumption

Generation

Segregation

Collection

Storage

Compaction/Reduction

Transportation

Resource Recovery

Disposal

Hierarchy of Waste Management Options:

Reduce

Reuse

Recycling of Paper, Plastic, Metal, Glass etc.,

Compost and Organic Manure Production

Bio-mass to Energy & Soil Conditioners

Waste to Energy & Incineration

Landfill

Nature of Public Private Participation PPP:

Consultancy

EPC – Engineering, Procurement, Construction

BOT – Build, Operate, Transfer

BOOT – Build, Own, Operate, Transfer

Key benefit from Public Private

Participation PPP:

Government can avoid getting bogged

down with operational issues by

outsourcing operational activity to private

sector while concentrating on core

function of governance and be a

regulatory and enforcement authority

Economics of Waste Management

Economics when waste is segregated at source (cleaner

recovery of recyclables enhancing both volume and value of

recovered resources)

Economics of handling waste as a single stream, when they are

not segregated at source (recovery for recycling, composting etc.,

from mixed wastes will be lower and expensive particularly from

daily receipts of large volumes at a centralized facility and

increase in quantities taken up for landfill - driven to choose the

last option in hierarchy without optimal reduction through

resource recovery)

Management of wastes as non-profit or loss making activity as a

welfare measure in the interest of public health with source of

funds for activity through taxes, grants etc., can only be taken up

by government

It is not possible for private sector to sustain in business when it

does not break even or make profit from business/activity

Activities in which Government should seek

private participation

Sensitization and awareness creation

Primary Collection

Transportation

Management of facilities such as transfer station,

treatment and processing, land filling

Biomass & Waste to Energy projects

Recycling

Turnkey Projects – end to end

THANK YOU