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Bovisa goes GREENEnergy and research park in the City

Politecnico di Milano-School of

Architecture and Society Master ofScience in Urban Planning and

Policy Design

Policy analysis

Prof. Dente Bruno

A.Manganelli, R.Marra, F.Martin, L.Mason, K.Matias, S.Nasiri, A.Nesterova, S.Okyere,

A.Sallou, A.Serbana

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BOVISA

Bovisa is an ex industrial area, in the outskirtsof the north-east region of the city. The development

started with chemistry firms which made it the mainhubs of the Italian industrial chemistry sector.

Today the area is on the axes which connect Milan

to the Malpensa airport with an interregional

railway system on which there is even the new

Milano Fiera and its surrounded by mixed urbanfunction.

Bovisa

Fiera

Malpensa

PROJECT AREA

TERZIARY SECTOR

RESIDENTIAL AREAS

GREEN AREAS

INDUSTRIAL AREA

CITY SERVICES AND NEIGHBORHOOD FACILITIES

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CHRONOLOGY

1985

Idea of developing the

area as a scientific park

1987

Debate on the

development of the

University

1989

Faculty of Arch. moved

into dismissed

warehouses

1990

adoption of the variation of the PGT

called “Bovisa Gasomentri Z14”

1991

define the Piano Particolareggiato by

politecnico

1992

Politecnico became the owner of the

ex-warehouses

1994

Ceretti -Tanfani warehouses in via

Durando are rent to Politecnico

1996Region takes part to the “Accordo di

Programma”

2000

different projects realization and development of the ideas

and competition of cleaning the soil

2003

Politecnico decide to buy other areas in the proximity of

Bovisa

2005

Politecnico proposes a Masterplan technological park and

city of youth

2008

Oma masterplan by Euromilano

Municipality

buys ex-

Gasometer

area

1981

PoliMi Projects

1988 1995 1998 2001 2002 2007

2011

Change of

Government

2008

OMAMaster

Plan

2012

Revision

of the PGT

2006

PoliMiMaster

Plan

1997

Accordo di

Programma

Municipality

Politecnico

AEM

Remediation

Law 1.0

IshimotoMaster

plan

Remediation

Law 2.0 Bovisanational

interest

Remediation

Law 2.1

Remediation problems

Renewal

Accordo di

Programma

with private

partnership

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LAND PROPERTIES and SOIL POLLUTION

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PROBLEMS of the area

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PROBLEMS OF GASOMETER AREA

CONTAMINATION

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CONTAMINATION

Remediation

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CONTAMINATION

Remediation

Political

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CONTAMINATION

Remediation

Political

ACTORS

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CONTAMINATION

Remediation

Political

LAW

ACTORS

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CONTAMINATION

Remediation

Political

LAW

ACTORS

POLICIES

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CONTAMINATION

Remediation

Political

LAW

POLICIES

ACTORS

Economical

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CONTAMINATION

Remediation

Political

LAW

POLICIES

FUNDSACTORS

Economical


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CONTAMINATION

Remediation

Political

COSTS and BENEFITSLAW

POLICIES

FUNDSACTORS

Economical


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CONTAMINATION

Remediation

Political


POLICIES

FUNDSACTORS

Economical

REDEVELOPMENT / INTERVENTIONS


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CONTAMINATION

Remediation

Political


POLICIES

FUNDSACTORS

Economical

REDEVELOPMENT / INTERVENTIONS

STAGNATION

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ACTORS’ ANALYSIS

LIST OF THE PAST ACTORS 2007

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LIST OF THE PAST ACTORS 2007

Actor Type Resources Goals Role

Politecnico di Milano Special InterestEconomic /

Cognitive / LegalContent related

Promoter

(Accordo di

Programma)

EuroMilano Special Interest Economic / Legal Content related

Promoter

(Accordo di

progrmma -

2007)

Municipality of MilanPolitical / Bureaucratic

/ Special Interest

Political/Legal /

Economic

Content / Process-

related

Director (Accordo

di programma)

A2A / AEM Special InterestEconomic /

Cognitive / LegalContent related

Ally (Accordo di

programma)

Lombardia Region Political / Bureaucratic Political/Legal Content relatedAlly (Accordo di

programma)

Provincia of Milan Political / Bureaucratic Political/Legal Content related Ally

M.U.R.S.T. Political / Special interest Economic Process related Ally

Ministry of

EnvironmentPolitical / Bureaucratic Political/Legal Content related

Gatekeeper -

2001

Minor actors * Special Interest - Content related Ally

* ARPA, FNM, Istituto Mario Negri, Chamber of Commerce, Telelombradia, Triennale Bovisa, Banca Intesa

ACTORS’ NETWORK from 1997

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ACTORS NETWORK from 1997

DIRECTOR

Local

Province of

Milan

EuroMilano

Banca Intesa

POLIMI A2A / AEM

Lombardy

REGION

MUNICIPALITY

of Milan

ACCORDO DI PROGRAMMA

Provincial

Local

Regional

National

Ministery

of the

university

and of the

scientific and

technologicalresearch

(MURST)


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DIRECTOR

National

Regional

Provincial

Local

Ministery

of

Environment

Province of

Milan

POLIMI

EuroMilanoMUNICIPALITY

of Milan

Lombardy

REGION


PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP

A2A / AEM

LIST OF THE PROPOSED ACTORS

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Actor Interest Resources Goals Role

A2A / AEM Special InterestEconomic /

Cognitive / Legal

Content / Process

relatedPromoter

Politecnico di

MilanoSpecial Interest

Economic /

Cognitive / LegalContent related Promoter / Ally

Municipality of

Milano

Political/Bureaucratic

/ Special Interest

Political/Legal /

Economic

Content / Process-

relatedMediator /Director

EuroMilano Special Interest Economic / LegalContent / Process

relatedAlly / Opposer

Zone n° 9 Political PoliticalContent / Process

related Ally

Provincia di Milano Political/Bureaucratic Political/LegalContent / Process-

related Ally

Lombardia Region Political/Bureaucratic Political/Legal Content related Gatekeeper

Ministry of

Environment Political/Bureaucratic Political/Legal Content related Gatekeeper

European Union Political/BureauraticPolitical/Legal/Eco

nomic

Content /Process

related Ally

NGOs General InterestPolitical/Cognitiv

eContent related Ally / Opposer

Local groups General interest Political Content related Ally / Opposer

LIST OF THE PROPOSED ACTORS

PROPOSED ACTORS’ NETWORK

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PROPOSED ACTORS NETWORK

DIRECTOR

National

Regional

Provincial

International

E.U

I.E.A

Local

Ministery

of

Environment

Lombardy

Region

Province of

Milan

N.G.O

Local

Associations

POLIMI


of Milan

CONSORTIUM

A2A / AEM

Zone n°9


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DIRECTOR

Local

Province of

Milan

EuroMilano

Banca Intesa

POLIMI A2A / AEM

Lombardy

REGION

MUNICIPALITY

of Milan


Provincial

Local

Regional

National

Ministery

of the

university

and of the

scientific and

technologicalresearch

(MURST)


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DIRECTOR

National

Regional

Provincial

Local

Ministery

of

Environment

Province of

Milan

POLIMI


of Milan

Lombardy

REGION


PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP

A2A / AEM

PROJECT

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DIRECTOR

National

Regional

Provincial

International

E.U

I.E.A

Local

Ministery

of

Environment

Lombardy

Region

Province of

Milan

N.G.O

Local

Associations

POLIMI


of Milan

CONSORTIUM

PROJECT

A2A / AEM

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STRATEGIES : from the idea to its implementation

MANIPULATION OF CONTENT OF THE DECISION : our proposal

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Energy production

and management

Heating and

cogeneration

Environment: waste

collection and

treatment

Grids: electric grid,

integrated water cycle,

gas grids

Research in the

engineering faculty

Need of new spaces

Lessons on field –

Students’ involvement


HOW THE ENERGY PARK ADDRESSES THE SOIL REMEDIATION

Can co-exist with the soil pollution of the area

It does not need to entirely remediate the area

where the solar park is located

Can be a temporary solution while awaiting reclamation

Can generate additional funds for future reclamation

Can promote research on potential remediation

and renewable energy technologies



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Etc.

Research

labs POLIMI

5.4 hectares

Solar panels

16 hectares

Energy park

service area

1.3 hectares

Research

labs A2A

3.4 hectares

Solar power

tower

2 hectares

Public open

space

3 hectares

Energy

firms offices

1.4 hectares


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Reference: photovoltaic power plant of Cavriglia (Arezzo)

Technical data

N. of panels: 41.540 (240wp each)

Total power: 10MWExpected annual producation: 12.609

MWh

Space used: 16 hectars

Provides electricity to 3,300 homes

Environmental benefits

CO2 emissions avoided: 5,531,000 kg /year

SO2 emissions avoided: 7,470 kg / year

NOx emissions avoided: 5,830 kg / year

TEP saved: 2,085 TEP / year

Economic data

Amount investement: € 29,469,100

Amount financed: € 22,199,000

Equity: € 7,270,000

Cavriglia Share capital € 2,357,500

Duration of concession: 20 years

Completion time expected: 4 months



MANIPULATION OF PATTERNS OF INTERACTION : inclusive strategy

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FIRST LEVEL OF INTERACTION:

Among the actors developing and managing the project:

Euromilano

Profitability:

high land value, land

development and

building rights

Common points/goals:

Proactive interest to develop

the area

Need of land reclamation

POLITECNICO

Be a relevant component of the

project

Promoting functions related

to technology and innovation

A2A

Enhance its

protagonism

on the area

Reinforce the

engagement

in sustainability

Soil reclamation

Innovative functions

Lowering remediation cost

Municipality of Milan



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Actors Reclamation Positive outcomes Further consequences

MUNICIPALITY Cut costs for

reclamation

Innovation-oriented

development

POLITECNICO Possibility to avoid/minimize reclamation Research-enterprisecollaboration

A2A Possibility to avoid

/minimize reclamation

Strengthen /develop

new activities in the

field of renewables

EUROMILANO Reclamation in

exchange of building

rights

Profitable uses

related to the new

functions

FIRST LEVEL OF INTERACTION:

Favouring COORDINATION among the consortium of actors through NEGOTIATION.

Scheme of the stakeholders’ mutual advantage through the consortium.

New fields of researchand closer academic+

business relation

City economy development

and new employment

Reinforce its position

on the area

Increase visibility on

the marke

And potential

lowering of taxetion

inclusive strategy


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SECOND LEVEL OF INTERACTION:

Preventing LOCAL OPPOSITION through PUBLIC DEBATE.

Municipality of Milan

Circoscrizione n° 9

Local neighbourhoods’

organizations

DECENTRALIZATION ANDBOTTOM-UP / TOP-DOWN COMMUNICATION

• Necessity to involve the social parties in the process from the beginning

• Necessity to make local inhabitants feel part of the project

• Necessity to set up a process/project with positive externalities towards local neighbourhoods.

Key institutional actor to activate in this process: CIRCOSCRIZIONE N° 9

gy

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MANIPULATION OF RESOURCES: EU budget

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Increasing resources : consensus and financial aid from EU level

European Union multi-year EU budget for 2014-20:

Among the priorities:

• Infrastructure

• Technology

• Energy efficiency

• Renewables

SUSTAINABLE

GROWTH 48,5%

147.2 billion euros: total EU budget for

2012

71.39 billion euros: EU budget for

sustainable growth

g


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The EU budget 2012 - The figures for sustainable growth

CA = commitment appropriations

PA = payment appropriationsFinancial Transparency System (FTS)

g

Heading Billion € % of total

budget

% change from 2011

CA PA CA PA

Sustainable Growth 67.5 55.3 45.9 +4.7 +3.2


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Source_ COM(2010)110, 31.3.2010, "Cohesion policy: Strategic Report 2010 on the implementation of the

programmes 2007-2013". ;[25]

http://ec.europa.eu/energy/renewables/targets_en.htm

AMOUNT OF MONEY TYPE OF SERVICE FUNDING AGENCY

€8.4bn Loans and assistance European Investment Bank

€565m Loans and assistance European Economic Recovery Plan

€110m Co-funding analysis and policy

research in renewable energy

"Intelligent Energy Europe"

Programme

€499m Loans and assistance to projects anddemonstrations of renewable energy

EU Structural and Cohesion Funds

€250m Loans and assistance EU R&D Framework Programme

€151m Venture capital or loan guarantees EIP GIF

€140m SEI loans European Bank for Reconstruction

and Development

European Union multi-year EU budget for ENERGY (Data for 2007-2013)

g

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THE PROJECT’S GOALS

GENERAL GOALSGENERAL GOALS SPECIFIC GOALS

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GENERAL GOALS

Try to include various interests andneeds of the area, such as university and local

inhabitants participation.

Regenerate an urban pollutedand central area with an advantageousaccessibility and proximity with Rho Fiera.

Find a feasible and self financed solution through

the attempt to create a partnership

between private and public in order tosolve financial difficulties.

Overcome the delicate question of the

remediation of the soil.

Develop a project able to exploit the new activities

which has been settled out in the last years in the

area.

Research in sustainable energyconsumption and generation, developing new

technologies.

Relation between academic and

business environment in terms of research,employment, production of energy.

Reinforce economic development

through innovation, as a benefit for theentire city.

Promote the Politecnico’s key role in

revitalising the urban area as well ascatalyst for the new energy research

Involve neighbourhood into theinnovation process, developing actions for asustainable community generation.

CASE STUDY : Bristol and Bath Science Park

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North – East

of Bristol

59 acres

Public Private Partners

South West Regional

Development Agency,started acuiering the site in 2002

Quantum Property

Partnership a 50/50 jointventure between Quintain Estates

& Development and Aviva

Investors; it was established in

2006 and has investments in

science parks in Bristol, Cambridge

and Edinburgh

University of Bath

University of Bristol University of the West of

England

Science City of Bristol

ENERGY : 200m2 of photovoltaic panels provide renewable energyEnergy centre for a more efficient provision of energy, heat and cooling across the site

as it grows.

BIO – DIVERSITY : More than 15% of the site is green spaceThe courtyard area between the Forum, Innovation Centre and Grow-on space is

landscaped to provide a communal garden area for users of the site

COMMUNITY : Provides paths for walking, cycling and horse-riding

incorporated across the site linking in to local transport networksBy enjoying the amenity space and landscape the development provides, local

people have a sense of ownership, becomes a valued local resource.

CASE STUDY : Bristol and Bath Science Park

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MAIN GOALS

• SUSTAINABILITY as a key element

• high quality buildings surrounded by large, open and

attractive shared green areas in order to

avoid isolation and exclusivity

• the desire to encourage the local

community to make use of the commonareas so that the Park is lived in through the week

• a hub for the region’s science and technology focusing

especially on aerospace, microelectronics,

digital, green technologies anddesign

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INTERVIEWs

INTERVIEWS

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Prof. Eugenio Morello, researcher on

energy and sustainable design

Feasibility of the project

Energy consulting

Prof. Stefano Pareglio

Professor of …

Feasibility of the project

Consulting on policy related to energy

Prof. Sabrina Saponaro

Professor of Soil remediation

Consulting on past and future

remediation of the Bovisa Area

Prof. Alessandro Balducci, vice rector

of Milan Politecnico

Politecnico interest and role in the

development of the area

Prof. Francesca Cognetti, researcher in

the field of Urban planning

History of the area

Description of the previous agreement

Prof. Antonella Bruzzese

Professor of Urban Plannig

History of the area and partecipatory

role in the Masterplan for the area

Alessandra Spada

Secretary office of the deputy major of

Urban Planning of Milan

Municipality interest, resources, goals

A2A Energie

A2A interest and goals for the

development of the area

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