DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS ENGINEERINGINSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

SITAPUR ROAD, LUCKNOW- 226021

A PRESENTATION ON

220KV Substation, Firozabad

Session: - 2015-2016

Presented By:- SUNNY DAKSH

E.I. FINAL YEAR 1105232050

OUTLINE OF PRESENTATIONINTRODUCTION GENERAL DISCUSSION ON SUB STATION FEEDERS Equipments :- Lightning arrester (L.A.) Capacitive voltage transformer Wave trap (PLCC) Isolator Instrument transformers :-C.T. & P.T. Circuit breaker :- definition & types Bus bar Power transformer:-introduction & main parts Protective relays :- introduction & Buchhloz relay

SUMMARY

INTRODUCTION The creation of Uttar Pradesh Power Corporation Ltd.

(UPPCL) on January 14, 2000 is the result of power sector reforms and restructuring in UP (India) which is the focal point of the Power Sector, responsible for planning and managing the sector through its transmission, distribution and supply of electricity.

For efficient operation & management Uttar Pradesh Power Corporation Limited (UPPCL) is further restructured into:-

Dakshinanchal Vidyut Vitaran Nigam Limited (DVVNL) - Agra Zone Madhyanchal Vidyut Vitaran Nigam Limited (MVVNL) – Lucknow

Zone Pashchimanchal Vidyut Vitaran Nigam Limited (PVVNL) - Meerut

Zone Purvanchal Vidyut Vitaran Nigam Limited (PUVVNL) - Varanasi

Zone Kanpur Electricity Supply Company(KESCO) - Kanpur City Lucknow Electricity Supply Administration (LESA) - Lucknow City Uttar Pradesh Power Transmission Limited (UPPTCL) - State

Transmission Utility

SUBSTATIONPart of Electricity GenerationTransmission of Electricity

Distribution of Electricity

Voltage is Transform High to Low or vice-versa

using

Transformers

Ex.-400kV/220kV substation220kV/132kV substation132kV/33kV substation33kV/11kV substation33kV/.4kV substation

220kV substation FirozabadIt is divided into two parts:-

A. Panel Section Control Panel Section Relay and Protection Panel Section

B. Switch Yard 220kV Section 132kV section 33kV section

C. Battery Room (Extra)

A. Panel Section It is a room which contains all types of panels. It has two sections:-

Control Panel SectionIt contain panels related to controlling of instruments. E.g.:- feeder panel, transformer panel, etc.

Relay And Protection Panel SectionIt contains panels related to relay systems and protection systems. E.g.:- Relay panel, line protection panel, etc.

B. Switch Yard It is the field where components used in controlling

supply and measuring supply(incoming and

outgoing) are placed.Some of these components are:-

C.Bs Isolators C.Ts P.Ts L.As Transformers, etc.

CT

220 kV Incoming from SHAMSABAD

& MAINPURI

LIGHTNING ARRESTORS

CVT

WAVE TRAP

CIRCUIT BREAKER

LINE ISOLATOR BUS PT with BUS

ISOLATOR ISOLATOR

LA

LA with EARTH SWITCH

132 kV OUTPUT

ISOLATORS with EARTH SWITCH

CT

CAPACITOR BANK

MAIN TRANSFORMER

PT with BUS ISOLATOR

CB

ISOLATOR CT

CB

EQUIPMENTS

FLOW

SIMILAR TO 33kV

SIMILAR TO 11kV

(DITRIBUTION)

SHAMSHABAD-220 kV

MAINPURI-220 kV

FEEDERS

SHIKOHABAD-132 kV

BAH-132 kV

TUNDALA-132 kV

Ashafabad-33kV

Dabarai-33 kV

S.N. Hospital-33 kV

Hazaratpur-33 kV

By Pass-33 kV

Inds. Estate firozabad-33 kV

220/132 kV SUB STATION

FIROZABAD

-EQUIPMENTS - LIGHTENING ARRESTER- Protect the Insulation & Conductors

of the system from damaging effect of LIGHTNING

CAPACITIVE VOLTAGE TRANSFORMERStep down extra high voltage signals.

Provide a low voltage signal.

For MEASUREMENT of voltage.

To operate a protective relay.

WAVE TRAP (PLCC)POWER LINE CARRIER COMMUNICATIONExchange of data and transfer of messages between substations.

WAVE TRAP-TRAPPING the unwanted waves.

ISOLATORS Used for completely DE-ENERGISED the electrical circuit for SERVICE

or MAINTENANCE. Separate the circuit at NO LOAD CONDITION.

INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMERS

INSTRUMENT TRANSFORMERS are used for measurement and protective

applications together with equipments such as meters & relays

Types-

A) CURRENT TRANSFORMER B) POTENTIAL TRANSFORMER

CIRCUIT BREAKER

Automatically Operated ELECTRICAL SWITCH.Designed to protect the ckt. from overload

or SHORT CKT.Separate Healthy & Faulty Section of ckt.

Operate at ON LOAD Condition.

VACUUM CIRCUIT BREAKERS Vacuum circuit breakers are circuit breakers which are used to protect medium and high voltage circuits from dangerous electrical situations

AIR-BLAST CIRCUIT BREAKERFast operations ,suitability for repeated operation , auto reclosed , unit type multi break constructions ,simple assembly , modest maintenance are some of the main features of air blast circuit breakers. A compressors plant necessary to maintain high air pressure in the air receiver.

TYPES OF CIRCUIT BREAKERS

OIL CIRCUIT BREAKERA high-voltage circuit

breaker in which the arc is drawn in oil to dissipate the heat and extinguish

the arc; the intense heat of the arc decomposes the

oil .SULPAR HEXAFLUORIDE CIRCUIT BREAKER (SF6)

Sulpharhexafluoride (SF6) gas is used as the arc

quenching medium . The SF6 is an electronegative

gas and has a strong tendency to absorb free

electrons. Circuit breakers have been developed for

voltage 115KV to 230KV , power rating10 MVA

BUS BAR

A bus bar is a conducting bar that carries heavy currents to

supply several electric circuits.

Made up of copper rod or thin walled tubes.

TYPES:-

- MAIN BUS BAR.

- AUXILIARY BUS BAR

POWER TRANSFORMER

A Static Device.

Transfer Power from One circuit to another circuit

No Change in FREQUENCY.

Principle-FARADAY ’s LAW of ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION.Types- 1. STEP UP TRANSFORMER::

O/P Voltage > I/P Voltage.

2. STEP DOWN TRANSFORMER ::

O/P Voltage < I/P Voltage.

FIGURE of POWER TRANSFORMERs

PARTS OF TRANSFORMER

core Winding(H.V winding, L.V winding,

tertiary winding) transformer OILS PRESSURE RELIEF VALVE BREATHER Conservator RADIATER Tap changer Tank

Protective Relay is a sensing device and is designed to detect

operating conditions on an electric

circuit.

It trips the circuit breaker when fault is detected.

PROTECTIVE RELAYS

TYPES OF RELAY Overcurrent relay Differential relay Tripping relay Directional Relay Auxiliary Relay

A gas actuated relay.

it is installed in b/w the conservator and the main tank.

PRINCIPLE:- Whenever a fault occurs inside the transformers, the oil of the tank gets

overheated and gases are generated. The heat generated by the high local current causes

the transformer oil to decompose and produce gas which can be used to detect the faults.

BUCHHOLZ RELAY

BATTERY ROOM

DC battery shell be installed in the power house for

Emergency power.

Protection.

Alarm and indication.

TRANSFORMERSAlso known as the heart of substations. These are used to reduce the voltages at appropriate levels

CURRENT VOLTAGE TRANSFORMERSIt is a used in power systems to step down extra high voltage signals and provide a low voltage signal, for measurement or to operate a protective relay

WAVETRAPTraps the high frequency signalsISOLATORS

Used for maintenance of the circuit in no load

condition

CIRCUIT BREAKER used to protect the

equipment by opening the circuit for over

current and over voltages

LIGHTINING ARRESTER

Used for protecting the equipment from surge

voltages

SUMMARY OF EQUIPMENTs

RELAYUsed to sense the faults

BY-SUNNY DAKSH